CN114868047A - 组合物和显示装置 - Google Patents
组合物和显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868047A CN114868047A CN202080089604.1A CN202080089604A CN114868047A CN 114868047 A CN114868047 A CN 114868047A CN 202080089604 A CN202080089604 A CN 202080089604A CN 114868047 A CN114868047 A CN 114868047A
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 95
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 6
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 55
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 12
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
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- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
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- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000004066 1-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000004182 2-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Cl)=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- LOCXTTRLSIDGPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [[1-oxo-1-(4-phenylsulfanylphenyl)octan-2-ylidene]amino] benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(SC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(CCCCCC)=NOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LOCXTTRLSIDGPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- XYXJKPCGSGVSBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris[(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C)=C1CN1C(=O)N(CC=2C(=C(O)C(=CC=2C)C(C)(C)C)C)C(=O)N(CC=2C(=C(O)C(=CC=2C)C(C)(C)C)C)C1=O XYXJKPCGSGVSBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKRBAPNEJMFMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1CC1=CC=CC=C1 MKRBAPNEJMFMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQTPKSBXMONSJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1CCCCC1 BQTPKSBXMONSJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QIRUERQWPNHWRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C1=NC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=NC(CC=2C=C3OCOC3=CC=2)=N1 QIRUERQWPNHWRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAGPRJYCDKGWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,8,10-tetratert-butylbenzo[d][1,3,2]benzodioxaphosphepin-6-yl)oxy-n,n-bis[2-(2,4,8,10-tetratert-butylbenzo[d][1,3,2]benzodioxaphosphepin-6-yl)oxyethyl]ethanamine Chemical compound O1C2=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C2C2=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C2OP1OCCN(CCOP1OC2=C(C=C(C=C2C=2C=C(C=C(C=2O1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)CCOP(OC1=C(C=C(C=C11)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC2=C1C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C2C(C)(C)C YAGPRJYCDKGWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000764773 Inna Species 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000661 Mercury cadmium telluride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C08F290/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated side groups
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- C08F222/10—Esters
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- C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
- C08F265/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of esters
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Abstract
本发明一种组合物,包含量子点(A)和树脂(B),树脂(B)包含具有硫醚基、羧基和不饱和双键的聚合物(B1)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合物,进而,还涉及一种显示装置。
背景技术
专利文献1中提出了一种固化性树脂组合物,含有具有下述通式表示的结构部位的聚合物和量子点。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2016-65178号公报
发明内容
专利文献1中记载的包含量子点的固化性树脂组合物有时在制作固化膜的工序中无法充分维持亮度并且在显影时产生残渣。另外,有时使用包含有机溶剂的硬涂层形成用组合物、着色层形成用组合物在包含含有量子点的固化性树脂组合物的固化物的膜上形成硬涂层、着色层,另外还要求固化后的耐溶剂性。
本发明的目的在于提供一种组合物,其在制作固化膜的工序中维持亮度并且减少显影时的残渣,在固化后也发挥优异的耐溶剂性。
本发明提供以下的组合物和显示装置。
[1]一种组合物,包含量子点(A)和树脂(B),
上述树脂(B)包含具有硫醚基、羧基和不饱和双键的聚合物(B1)。
[2]根据[1]所述的组合物,其中,上述聚合物(B1)为具有来自单体(a)、单体(b)和单体(c)的结构单元的聚合物,上述单体(a)具有巯基和羧基,上述单体(b)为选自不饱和羧酸和不饱和羧酸酐中的至少1种,上述单体(c)具有环氧乙烷基和烯键式不饱和键。
[3]根据[2]所述的组合物,其中,上述具有巯基和羧基的单体包含通式(1)表示的化合物。
[式中,
R表示烃基。存在多个R时,彼此可以相同,也可以不同。上述烃基可以具有1个以上的取代基。存在多个取代基时,它们可以相同或不同,它们也可以相互键合并与各自所键合的原子一起形成环。上述烃基中所含的-CH2-可以取代为-O-、-CO-和-NH-中的至少1种。
p表示1~10的整数]
[4]根据[2]或[3]所述的组合物,其中,上述具有环氧乙烷基和烯键式不饱和键的单体(c)包含单体(c1)和单体(c2)中的至少任一者,上述单体(c1)具有将不饱和链式脂肪族烃环氧化而得的结构以及烯键式不饱和键,上述单体(c2)具有将不饱和脂环式烃环氧化而得的结构以及烯键式不饱和键。
[5]根据[1]~[4]中任一项所述的组合物,其中,上述聚合物(B1)具有通式(ba)、(bb)和(bc)表示的结构单元。
[式中,
R61、R62、R63相互独立地表示氢原子或甲基。
R7表示氢原子或碳原子数1~4的烷基,该烷基中所含的氢原子可以被羟基取代。
X表示*-R8-X3-、*-R8-O-X3-、*-R8-S-X3-、*-R8-NH-X3-。*表示与R7侧的氧原子的键合位点。R8表示碳原子数1~6的链烷二基。X3表示亚乙基或二价脂环式烃基,它们具有羟基。
Y表示**-(R)p-。R表示烃基。存在多个R时,彼此可以相同,也可以不同。上述烃基可以具有1个以上的取代基。存在多个取代基时,它们可以相同或不同,它们也可以相互键合并与各自所键合的原子一起形成环。上述烃基中所含的-CH2-可以取代为-O-、-CO-和-NH-中的至少1种。**表示与S的键合位点。p表示1~10的整数。
Z表示羧基]
[6]根据[1]~[5]中任一项所述的组合物,其中,进一步包含聚合性化合物(C)和聚合引发剂(D)。
[7]一种固化膜,由[1]~[6]中任一项所述的组合物形成。
[8]一种显示装置,包含[7]所述的固化膜。
[9]一种树脂,具有硫醚基、羧基和不饱和双键。
根据本发明,能够提供一种维持工序中的亮度并且减少显影时的残渣,在固化后也发挥优异的耐溶剂性的组合物。
具体实施方式
<组合物>
本发明的组合物包含量子点(A)和树脂(B)。本发明的组合物可以进一步包含选自后述的光聚合性化合物(C)、光聚合引发剂(D)、抗氧化剂(E)、流平剂(F)、溶剂(G)和光散射剂(H)中的至少1种。本发明的组合物优选进一步包含聚合性化合物(C)和聚合引发剂(D)。
[1]量子点(A)
量子点(A)为粒径1nm~100nm的半导体微粒,是利用半导体的带隙来吸收紫外光或可见光而发光的微粒。
作为量子点(A),可举出CdS、CdSe、CdTe、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe、HgS、HgSe、HgTe、CdHgTe、CdSeS、CdSeTe、CdSTe、ZnSeS、ZnSeTe、ZnSTe、HgSeS、HgSeTe、HgSTe、CdZnS、CdZnSe、CdZnTe、CdHgS、CdHgSe、CdHgTe、HgZnS、HgZnSe、HgZnTe、CdZnSeS、CdZnSeTe、CdZnSTe、CdHgSeS、CdHgSeTe、CdHgSTe、HgZnSeS、HgZnSeTe、HgZnSTe等IIB族元素与VIA族元素的化合物;GaN、GaP、GaAs、AlN、AlP、AlAs、InN、InP、InAs、GaNP、GaNAs、GaPAs、AlNP、AlNAs、AlPAs、InNP、InNAs、InPAs、GaAlNP、GaAlNAs、GaAlPAs、GaInNP、GaInNAs、GaInPAs、InAlNP、InAlNAs、InAlPAs等IIIA族元素与VA族元素的化合物;PdS、PbSe等IVA族元素与VIA族元素的化合物等。
量子点(A)包含S、Se时,可以使用利用金属氧化物、有机物进行了表面修饰的量子点。通过使用经表面修饰的量子点,能够防止因形成有机层的材料中的反应成分而夺取S、Se。
另外,量子点(A)可以将上述化合物组合而形成核壳结构。作为这样的组合,可举出核为CdSe、壳为ZnS的微粒等。
量子点(A)的能量状态取决于其大小,因此可以通过改变粒径而自由地选择发光波长。例如,在仅由CdSe构成的量子点的情况下,粒径为2.3nm、3.0nm、3.8nm、4.6nm时的荧光光谱的峰值波长分别为528nm、570nm、592nm、637nm。另外,从量子点(A)发出的光的光谱宽度窄,通过组合具有这样陡峭的峰的光,显示装置的能够显示的色域扩大。进而,量子点(A)的响应性高,能够高效地利用从光源放射出的光。
本发明的组合物可以仅含有根据从光源放射出的光而发出特定波长的光的量子点,也可以组合含有2种以上的发出不同波长的光的量子点。作为上述特定波长的光,例如,可举出红色光、绿色光和蓝色光。
量子点(A)的含有率相对于组合物的固体成分的总量,例如可以为0.1质量%~60质量%,优选为5质量%~50质量%,更优选为20质量%~45质量%。本说明书中,固体成分的总量是指除去后述的溶剂(G)后的成分的合计。组合物的固体成分中的含有率可以利用液相色谱或气相色谱等公知的分析手段进行测定。
[2]树脂(B)
树脂(B)包含具有硫醚基(-S-)、羧基(-C(=O)OH)和不饱和双键(=C)的聚合物(B1)。通过树脂(B)包含聚合物(B1),能够维持工序中的亮度并且减少显影时的残渣,在固化后也发挥优异的耐溶剂性。
聚合物(B1)可以为具有来自具有巯基(-SH)和羧基的单体(a)(以下,有时称为“(a)”)、选自不饱和羧酸和不饱和羧酸酐中的至少1种即单体(b)(以下,有时称为“(b)”)以及具有环氧乙烷基和烯键式不饱和键的单体(c)(以下,有时称为“(c)”)的结构单元的聚合物。
作为(a),例如可举出具有巯基的羧酸和其酐等。作为具有巯基的羧酸,例如可举出下述通式(1)表示的化合物。
[式中,
R表示烃基。存在多个R时,彼此可以相同,也可以不同。上述烃基可以具有1个以上的取代基。存在多个取代基时,它们可以相同或不同,它们也可以相互键合并与各自所键合的原子一起形成环。上述烃基中所含的-CH2-可以取代为-O-、-CO-和-NH-中的至少1种。
p表示1~10的整数]
作为R中的烃基,例如可举出链状烃基、脂环式烃基、芳香族烃基等。
链状烃基例如可以为直链状或支链状的链烷二基,其碳原子数通常为1~50,优选为1~20,更优选为1~10。作为直链状或支链状的链烷二基,例如可举出丙烷-1,2-二基、丙烷-1,3-二基、丁烷-1,4-二基、戊烷-1,5-二基、己烷-1,6-二基、庚烷-1,7-二基、辛烷-1,8-二基、壬烷-1,9-二基、癸烷-1,10-二基、十一烷-1,11-二基、十二烷-1,12-二基、丙烷-1,2-二基、1-甲基丁烷-1,3-二基、2-甲基丙烷-1,3-二基、戊烷-1,4-二基、2-甲基丁烷-1,4-二基等。
脂环式烃基例如可以为单环式又多环式的环烷二基,其碳原子数通常为3~50,优选为3~20,更优选为3~10。作为单环式或多环式的环烷二基,例如可举出环丁烷-1,3-二基、环戊烷-1,3-二基、环己烷-1,4-二基、降冰片烷-1,4-二基、降冰片烷-2,5-二基、金刚烷-1,5-二基、金刚烷-2,6-二基等。
芳香族烃基例如可以为芳烃二基,其碳原子数通常为6~20。作为单环式或多环式的芳烃二基,例如可举出苯二基、萘二基、蒽二基、菲二基、芘二基等。
作为取代基,例如可举出氢原子、碳原子数1~50的烷基、碳原子数3~50的环烷基、碳原子数6~20的芳基、羧基、氨基、卤素原子等。
作为碳原子数1~50的烷基,例如可以为饱和或不饱和的直链状或支链状的烷基,可举出甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异戊基、新戊基和2-乙基己基等。
作为碳原子数3~50的环烷基,例如可举出环丙基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基和环辛基等。
作为碳原子数6~20的芳基,例如可举出苯基、联苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、乙基苯基和萘基等。
作为卤素原子,可举出氟原子、氯原子、溴原子和碘原子。
作为取代基,优选羧基、氨基和卤素原子。
上述烃基中所含的-CH2-取代为-O-、-CO-和-NH-中的至少1种时,取代-CH2-的取代基优选为-CO-和-NH-中的至少1种,更优选为-NH-。
p优选为1或2。
作为通式(1)表示的化合物,例如可举出下述式(1-1)~(1-9)表示的化合物。
作为具有巯基的羧酸的具体例,例如可举出巯基乙酸、2-巯基丙酸、3-巯基丙酸、3-巯基丁酸、4-巯基丁酸、巯基琥珀酸、巯基硬脂酸、巯基辛酸、4-巯基苯甲酸、2,3,5,6-四氟-4-巯基苯甲酸、L-半胱氨酸、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸、3-巯基丙酸3-甲氧基丁酯、3-巯基-2-甲基丙酸等。其中,优选3-巯基丙酸、巯基琥珀酸。
作为(b),具体而言,可举出(甲基)丙烯酸、巴豆酸、邻、间、对乙烯基苯甲酸等不饱和单羧酸类;
马来酸、富马酸、柠康酸、中康酸、衣康酸、3-乙烯基邻苯二甲酸、4-乙烯基邻苯二甲酸、3,4,5,6-四氢邻苯二甲酸、1,2,3,6-四氢邻苯二甲酸、二甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸、1,4-环己烯二羧酸等不饱和二羧酸类;
甲基-5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧酸、5-羧基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-二羧基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羧基-5-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羧基-5-乙基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羧基-6-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羧基-6-乙基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯等含有羧基的双环不饱和化合物类;
马来酸酐、柠康酸酐、衣康酸酐、3-乙烯基邻苯二甲酸酐、4-乙烯基邻苯二甲酸酐、3,4,5,6-四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、1,2,3,6-四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、二甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、5,6-二羧基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯酐等不饱和二羧酸类酐;
琥珀酸单〔2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙基〕酯、邻苯二甲酸单〔2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙基〕酯等二价以上的多元羧酸的不饱和单〔(甲基)丙烯酰氧基烷基〕酯类;
α-(羟基甲基)丙烯酸这样的在同一分子中含有羟基和羧基的不饱和丙烯酸酯类等。
这些之中,从共聚反应性的方面、所得到的树脂在碱水溶液中的溶解性的方面考虑,优选(甲基)丙烯酸、马来酸酐等。
这里,(甲基)丙烯酸是指丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸。以下,“(甲基)丙烯酰基”、“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”等也同样。
作为(c),例如可举出具有将不饱和链式脂肪族烃环氧化而得的结构以及烯键式不饱和键的单体(c1)(以下有时称为“(c1)”)、具有将不饱和脂环式烃环氧化而得的结构以及烯键式不饱和键的单体(c2)(以下有时称为“(c2)”)。本发明中,(c)优选为具有环氧乙烷基和(甲基)丙烯酰氧基的单体。另外,(c)优选为(c2)。
作为(c1),具体而言,可举出(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、(甲基)丙烯酸β-甲基缩水甘油酯、(甲基)丙烯酸β-乙基缩水甘油酯、缩水甘油基乙烯基醚、邻乙烯基苄基缩水甘油基醚、间乙烯基苄基缩水甘油基醚、对乙烯基苄基缩水甘油基醚、α-甲基-邻乙烯基苄基缩水甘油基醚、α-甲基-间乙烯基苄基缩水甘油基醚、α-甲基-对乙烯基苄基缩水甘油基醚、2,3-双(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、2,4-双(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、2,5-双(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、2,6-双(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、2,3,4-三(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、2,3,5-三(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、2,3,6-三(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、3,4,5-三(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、2,4,6-三(缩水甘油氧基甲基)苯乙烯、日本特开平7-248625号公报中记载的化合物等。
作为(c2),可举出乙烯基环己烯单氧化物、1,2-环氧-4-乙烯基环己烷(例如,Celloxide 2000;Daicel化学工业(株)制)、丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲酯(例如,CyclomerA400;Daicel化学工业(株)制)、甲基丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲酯(例如,Cyclomer M100;Daicel化学工业(株)制)、式(2)表示的化合物、式(3)表示的化合物等。
式(2)和式(3)中,R4和R5相互独立地表示氢原子或碳原子数1~4的烷基,该烷基中所含的氢原子可以被羟基取代。
X1和X2相互独立地表示单键、-R6-、*-R6-O-、*-R6-S-、*-R6-NH-。
R6表示碳原子数1~6的链烷二基。
*表示与O的键合位点。
作为碳原子数1~4的烷基,具体而言,可举出甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基等。
作为羟基烷基,可举出羟基甲基、1-羟基乙基、2-羟基乙基、1-羟基丙基、2-羟基丙基、3-羟基丙基、1-羟基-1-甲基乙基、2-羟基-1-甲基乙基、1-羟基丁基、2-羟基丁基、3-羟基丁基、4-羟基丁基等。
作为R4和R5,可优选举出氢原子、甲基、羟基甲基、1-羟基乙基、2-羟基乙基,可更优选举出氢原子、甲基。
作为链烷二基,可举出亚甲基、乙烯基、丙烷-1,2-二基、丙烷-1,3-二基、丁烷-1,4-二基、戊烷-1,5-二基、己烷-1,6-二基等。
作为X1和X2,可优选举出单键、亚甲基、亚乙基、*-CH2-O-、*-CH2CH2-O-,可更优选举出单键、*-CH2CH2-O-。应予说明,*表示与O的键合位点。
作为式(2)表示的化合物,可举出式(2-1)~式(2-15)表示的化合物等。优选为式(2-1)、式(2-3)、式(2-5)、式(2-7)、式(2-9)、式(2-11)~式(2-15)表示的化合物,更优选为式(2-1)、式(2-7)、式(2-9)、式(2-15)表示的化合物。
作为式(3)表示的化合物,可举出式(3-1)~式(3-15)表示的化合物等。优选为式(3-1)、式(3-3)、式(3-5)、式(3-7)、式(3-9)、式(3-11)~式(3-15)表示的化合物,更优选为式(3-1)、式(3-7)、式(3-9)、式(3-15)表示的化合物。
式(2)表示的化合物和式(3)表示的化合物可以分别单独使用。另外,它们可以以任意的比率混合。混合时,其混合比率以摩尔比计,优选式(2)表示的化合物:式(3)表示的化合物为5:95~95:5,更优选为10:90~90:10,进一步优选为20:80~80:20。
聚合物(B1)除了上述来自(a)、(b)和(c)的结构单元以外,还可以进一步具有来自(b)和(c)的结构单元、以及来自(b)的结构单元。
聚合物(B1)也可以具有来自能够与(b)共聚的单体(d)(其中,与(a)、(b)和(c)不同的单体)(以下,有时称为“(d)”)的结构单元。聚合物(B1)例如可以具有来自(d)的结构单元、来自(b)和(d)的结构单元、来自(b)、(c)和(d)的结构单元、来自(a)、(b)、(c)和(d)的结构单元等。
作为(d),例如,可举出(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸仲丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸叔丁酯等(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯类;(甲基)丙烯酸环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-甲基环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷-8-基酯(该技术领域中,作为惯用名,被称为(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊酯)、(甲基)丙烯酸三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烯-8-基酯(该技术领域中,作为惯用名,被称为(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯酯)、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯等(甲基)丙烯酸环烷基酯类;
(甲基)丙烯酸苯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯等(甲基)丙烯酸芳基酯或芳烷基酯类;
马来酸二乙酯、富马酸二乙酯、衣康酸二乙酯等二羧酸二酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯等(甲基)丙烯酸羟基烷基酯类;
双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-乙基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羟基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羟基甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-(2’-羟基乙基)双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-甲氧基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-乙氧基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-二羟基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-二(羟基甲基)双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-二(2’-羟基乙基)双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-二甲氧基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-二乙氧基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羟基-5-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羟基-5-乙基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-羟基甲基-5-甲基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-叔丁氧基羰基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-环己氧基羰基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5-苯氧基羰基双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-双(叔丁氧基羰基)双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯、5,6-双(环己氧基羰基)双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯等双环不饱和化合物类;
N-苯基马来酰亚胺、N-环己基马来酰亚胺、N-苄基马来酰亚胺、N-琥珀酰亚胺基-3-马来酰亚胺苯甲酸酯、N-琥珀酰亚胺基-4-马来酰亚胺丁酸酯、N-琥珀酰亚胺基-6-马来酰亚胺己酸酯、N-琥珀酰亚胺基-3-马来酰亚胺丙酸酯、N-(9-吖啶基)马来酰亚胺等二羰基酰亚胺衍生物类;
苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、间甲基苯乙烯、对甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯、对甲氧基苯乙烯等苯乙烯类;
丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈等丙烯腈类;氯乙烯、偏氯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯等乙烯基化合物类;丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺等丙烯酰胺类;1,3-丁二烯、异戊二烯、2,3-二甲基-1,3-丁二烯等二烯化合物类;
3-甲基-3-甲基丙烯酰氧基甲基氧杂环丁烷、3-甲基-3-丙烯酰氧基甲基氧杂环丁烷、3-乙基-3-甲基丙烯酰氧基甲基氧杂环丁烷、3-乙基-3-丙烯酰氧基甲基氧杂环丁烷、3-甲基-3-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基氧杂环丁烷、3-甲基-3-丙烯酰氧基乙基氧杂环丁烷、3-乙基-3-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基氧杂环丁烷、3-乙基-3-丙烯酰氧基乙基氧杂环丁烷等含有氧杂环丁基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯类;
丙烯酸四氢糠基酯(例如,Viscoat V#150,大阪有机化学工业(株)制)、甲基丙烯酸四氢糠基酯等含有四氢糠基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯类等。
这些之中,从共聚反应性和碱溶解性的方面考虑,优选苯乙烯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯酯、N-苯基马来酰亚胺、N-环己基马来酰亚胺、N-苄基马来酰亚胺、双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯。
聚合物(B1)由单体(a)、(b)和(c)构成时,从发光强度、耐溶剂性和显影性的观点考虑,各单体相对于构成聚合物(B1)的单体的合计摩尔数的比例(以下,也称为摩尔比)优选在以下范围。
单体(a):0.01摩尔%~10摩尔%(更优选为0.1摩尔%~5摩尔%)
单体(b):30摩尔%~98.99摩尔%(更优选为65摩尔%~94.9摩尔%)
单体(c):1摩尔%~60摩尔%(更优选为15摩尔%~50摩尔%)
聚合物(B1)由单体(a)、(b)、(c)和(d)构成时,从发光强度、耐溶剂性和显影性的观点考虑,各单体的摩尔比优选在以下范围。
单体(a):0.01%~10摩尔%(更优选为0.1摩尔%~5摩尔%)
单体(b):30摩尔%~98.99摩尔%(更优选为30摩尔%~94.9摩尔%)
单体(c):1摩尔%~60摩尔%(更优选为15摩尔%~50摩尔%)
单体(d):1摩尔%~60摩尔%(更优选为15摩尔%~50摩尔%)
另外,(b)与(c)的摩尔数的合计相对于构成聚合物(B1)的全部结构单元的合计摩尔数优选为70摩尔%~99摩尔%。
上述摩尔比为由单体的投料量算出的摩尔比。
聚合物(B1)例如可以参考文献“高分子合成的实验法”(大津隆行著发行所(株)化学同人第1版第1次印刷1972年3月1日发行)中记载的方法和该文献中记载的引用文献来制造。
具体而言,可例示如下方法:将规定量的单体、聚合引发剂和溶剂等放入到反应容器中,利用氮对氧进行置换,由此在脱氧气氛下,一边搅拌一边进行加热和保温。应予说明,这里使用的聚合引发剂和溶剂等没有特别限定,该领域通常使用的聚合引发剂和溶剂均可以使用。作为聚合引发剂,例如,可举出偶氮化合物(2,2’-偶氮双异丁腈、2,2’-偶氮双(2,4-二甲基戊腈)等)、有机过氧化物(过氧化苯甲酰等),作为溶剂,只要是溶解各单体的溶剂即可,可以使用作为本发明的组合物的溶剂(G)而后述的溶剂等。
例如,可举出首先使单体(b)聚合后,添加单体(c)使其反应,接下来添加单体(a)使其反应的方法等。另外,例如可举出首先使单体(b)和(d)反应后,添加单体(c)使其反应,接下来添加单体(a)使其反应的方法等。
所得到的聚合物(B1)可以直接使用反应后的溶液,也可以使用经浓缩或稀释的溶液,还可以使用通过再沉淀等方法而以固体(粉体)的形式取出的物质。特别是,通过使用与后述的溶剂(G)相同的溶剂作为该聚合时的溶剂,能够将反应后的溶液直接用于制备固化性树脂组合物,能够简化固化性树脂组合物的制造工序。
聚合物(B1)可以为具有下述通式(ba),(bb)和(bc)表示的结构单元(式中,包含方括号内的侧链的结构)的聚合物。
[式中,
R61、R62,R63相互独立地表示氢原子或甲基。
R7表示氢原子或碳原子数1~4的烷基,该烷基中所含的氢原子可以被羟基取代。
X表示*-R8-X3-、*-R8-O-X3-、*-R8-S-X3-、*-R8-NH-X3-。*表示与R7侧的氧原子的键合位点。R8表示碳原子数1~6的链烷二基。X3表示亚乙基或二价脂环式烃基,它们具有羟基。
Y表示**-(R)p-,R和p与上述定义相同。**表示与S的键合位点。
Z表示羧基]
通式(ba)表示的结构单元可以为来自(a)、(b)和(c)的结构单元。通式(bb)表示的结构单元可以为来自(b)的结构单元。通式(bc)表示的结构单元可以为来自(b)和(c)的结构单元。
作为R7中的碳原子数1~4的烷基,具体而言,可举出甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基等。
作为R7中的羟基烷基,可举出羟基甲基、1-羟基乙基、2-羟基乙基、1-羟基丙基、2-羟基丙基、3-羟基丙基、1-羟基-1-甲基乙基、2-羟基-1-甲基乙基、1-羟基丁基、2-羟基丁基、3-羟基丁基、4-羟基丁基等。
R7优选为氢原子、甲基、羟基甲基、1-羟基乙基、2-羟基乙基,更优选为氢原子、甲基。
作为R8中的碳原子数1~6的链烷二基,例如可举出亚甲基、亚乙基、丙烷-1,2-二基、丙烷-1,3-二基、丁烷-1,4-二基、戊烷-1,5-二基、己烷-1,6-二基等。
X优选为*-C-X3-、*-CH2CH2-X3-、*-CH2-O-X3-、*-CH2CH2-O-X3-。
作为X3中的具有羟基的二价脂环式烃基,例如为下述式表示的基团。
作为X,例如可举出下述式(X-1)~(X-14)表示的基团。
作为Y,例如可举出下述式(Y-1)~(Y-8)表示的基团。
作为R61、R62、R63、R7、X和Y的组合,例如可举出以下的表1所示的组合(b-1)~(b-48)。
[表1]
R<sup>61</sup> | R<sup>62</sup> | R<sup>63</sup> | R<sup>7</sup> | X | Y | |
(b-1) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-1) |
(b-2) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-2) |
(b-3) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-3) |
(b-4) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-4) |
(b-5) | CH3 | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-5) |
(b-6) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-6) |
(b-7) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-7) |
(b-8) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-13) | (Y-8) |
(b-9) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-1) |
(b-10) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-2) |
(b-11) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-3) |
(b-12) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-4) |
(b-13) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-5) |
(b-14) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-6) |
(b-15) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-7) |
(b-16) | H | H | H | H | (X-13) | (Y-8) |
(b-17) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-1) |
(b-18) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-2) |
(b-19) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-3) |
(b-20) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-4) |
(b-21) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-5) |
(b-22) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-6) |
(b-23) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-7) |
(b-24) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-14) | (Y-8) |
[表2]
R<sup>61</sup> | R<sup>62</sup> | R<sup>63</sup> | R<sup>7</sup> | X | Y | |
(b-25) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-1) |
(b-26) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-2) |
(b-27) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-3) |
(b-28) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-4) |
(b-29) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-5) |
(b-30) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-6) |
(b-31) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-7) |
(b-32) | H | H | H | H | (X-14) | (Y-8) |
(b-33) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-1) |
(b-34) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-2) |
(b-35) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-3) |
(b-36) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-4) |
(b-37) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-5) |
(b-38) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-6) |
(b-39) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-7) |
(b-40) | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | (X-1) | (Y-8) |
(b-41) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-1) |
(b-42) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-2) |
(b-43) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-3) |
(b-44) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-4) |
(b-45) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-5) |
(b-46) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-6) |
(b-47) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-7) |
(b-48) | H | H | H | H | (X-1) | (Y-8) |
聚合物(B1)包含通式(ba)、(bb)和(bc)表示的构成单元时,通式(ba)表示的构成单元的含量例如以聚合物(B1)总量为基准,可以为0.01质量%~10质量%,从发光强度、显影性和耐溶剂性的观点考虑,优选为0.05质量%~5质量%,更优选为0.1质量%~3质量%。
聚合物(B1)包含通式(ba)、(bb)和(bc)表示的构成单元时,通式(bb)表示的构成单元的含量例如以聚合物(B1)总量为基准,可以为10质量%~80质量%,从发光强度、显影性和耐溶剂性的观点考虑,优选为20质量%~70质量%,更优选为30质量%~60质量%。
聚合物(B1)包含通式(ba)、(bb)和(bc)表示的构成单元时,通式(bc)表示的构成单元的含量例如以聚合物(B1)总量为基准,可以为10质量%~70质量%,从发光强度、显影性和耐溶剂性的观点考虑,优选为20质量%~60质量%,更优选为30质量%~50质量%。
聚合物(B1)优选为主链中包含通式(ba)、(bb)和(bc)表示的构成单元的聚合物,更优选为主链由通式(ba)、(bb)和(bc)表示的构成单元构成的聚合物。
聚合物(B1)的由投料比算出的1分子中的硫醚基的个数(以下,也称为由投料比算出的修饰量)例如可以为0.5~3,优选为0.75~2。
聚合物(B1)的重均分子量例如可以为1000~20万。从发光量、显影性和耐热性的观点考虑,聚合物(B1)的重均分子量优选为3000以上,更优选为4000以上,进一步优选为5000以上,更进一步优选为6000以上。另外,从发光量、显影性和耐热性的观点考虑,聚合物(B1)的重均分子量优选为3万以下,更优选为2万以下,进一步优选为1.5万以下,更进一步优选为1万以下。重均分子量通过后述的实施例中记载的方法而求出。
聚合物(B1)的酸值以固体成分为基准在90mgKOH/g~150mgKOH/g的范围。酸值小于90mgKOH/g时,相对于碱性显影液的溶解性变低,有可能在基板上残留残渣,酸值超过150mgKOH/g时,发生图案剥离的可能性变高。从显影性的观点考虑,聚合物(B1)的酸值优选在95mgKOH/g~140mgKOH/g的范围,更优选在100mgKOH/g~130mgKOH/g的范围。这里,酸值是作为用于中和1g聚合物(B1)所需的氢氧化钾的量(mg)而测定的值,例如可以通过使用氢氧化钾水溶液进行滴定而求出。聚合物(B1)的酸值可以依照后述的实施例的栏中的测定方法进行测定。
聚合物(B1)可以包含丙烯酸当量例如为300g/eq~2000g/eq的树脂(以下,也称为丙烯酸系树脂)。丙烯酸系树脂的丙烯酸当量优选为500g/eq~1500g/eq。聚合物(B1)包含丙烯酸系树脂时,存在容易防止在滤色器工序中被消光的显影的趋势。另一方面,聚合物(B1)包含丙烯酸当量超过2000g/eq的树脂时,存在不易得到有效保护量子点的能力的趋势,包含丙烯酸当量小于上述范围的树脂时,存在显影时不溶解而容易剥离的趋势。优选聚合物(B1)为丙烯酸系树脂。
对于树脂(B),可举出日本特开2018-123274号公报中记载的碱可溶性树脂。具体而言,可以包含在侧链具有双键,并且在主链包含下述通式(4)表示的构成单元(α)和下述通式(5)表示的构成单元(β),并进一步包含酸基的聚合物(B2)。酸基例如可以通过树脂(B2)包含来自含有酸基的单体(例如(甲基)丙烯酸等)的构成单元(γ)而导入到树脂中。树脂(B2)优选在主链骨架包含构成单元(α)、(β)和(γ)。
〔式中,R9和R10相同或不同,表示氢原子或碳原子数1~25的烃基。n表示通式(4)所示的构成单元的平均重复单元数,且为1以上的数〕
〔式中,R11相同或不同,表示氢原子或甲基。R12相同或不同,表示碳原子数4~20的直链状或支链状烃基。m表示通式(5)所示的构成单元的平均重复单元数,且为1以上的数〕
聚合物(B2)中,从耐热性、保存稳定性的观点考虑,构成单元(α)的含有比例例如相对于提供聚合物(B2)的主链骨架的全部单体单元的总量100质量%,可以为0.5质量%~50质量%,优选为1质量%~40质量%,更优选为5质量%~30质量%。通式(4)中的n表示聚合物(B2)中的构成单元(α)的平均重复单元数,可以以构成单元(α)的含有比例在上述范围内的方式设定n。
从耐溶剂性的观点考虑,构成单元(β)的含有比例相对于提供聚合物(B2)的主链骨架的全部单体单元的总量100质量%,例如可以为10质量%~90质量%,优选为20质量%~80质量%,更优选为30质量%~75质量%。通式(5)中的m表示聚合物(B2)中的构成单元(β)的平均重复单元数,可以以构成单元(β)的含有比例在上述范围内的方式设定m。
从相对于碱性物质的可溶性、相对于溶剂的溶解性的观点考虑,构成单元(γ)的含有比例相对于提供聚合物(B2)的主链骨架的全部单体单元的总量100质量%,例如可以为0.5质量%~50质量%,优选为2质量%~50质量%,更优选为5质量%~45质量%。
组合物中的树脂(B)的含有率相对于组合物的固体成分的总量例如可以为5质量%~80质量%,从发光强度、显影性和耐溶剂性的观点考虑,优选为10质量%~70质量%,更优选为13质量%~60质量%,进一步优选为17质量%~55质量%。
[3]光聚合性化合物(C)
光聚合性化合物(C)为可以通过由后述的光聚合引发剂(D)产生的活性自由基、酸等进行聚合的化合物,例如,可举出具有烯键式不饱和键的化合物等,优选为(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物。
应予说明,本说明书中,“(甲基)丙烯酸”是指选自丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸中的至少1种。“(甲基)丙烯酰基”和“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”等表述也具有同样的含义。
其中,光聚合性化合物(C)优选为具有3个以上烯键式不饱和键的聚合性化合物。作为这样的聚合性化合物,例如,可举出三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三季戊四醇八(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三季戊四醇七(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四季戊四醇十(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四季戊四醇九(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三(2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙基)异氰脲酸酯、乙二醇改性季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙二醇改性二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙二醇改性季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙二醇改性二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、己内酯改性季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、己内酯改性二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
光聚合性化合物(C)的重均分子量优选为150~2900,更优选为250~1500。
组合物中的光聚合性化合物(C)的含有率相对于组合物的固体成分的总量,例如优选为7质量%~60质量%,更优选为10质量%~45质量%,进一步优选为13质量%~30质量%。如果光聚合性化合物(C)的含有率在上述范围内,则存在固化图案的残膜率和固化图案的耐化学药品性进一步提高的趋势。
[4]光聚合引发剂(D)
光聚合引发剂(D)为能够通过光、热的作用而产生活性自由基、酸等从而引发聚合的化合物,可以包含选自肟化合物、联咪唑化合物、三嗪化合物和酰基膦化合物中的至少一种。其中,优选包含肟化合物。如果使用这些聚合引发剂,则固化图案的残膜率变高。
另外,为了存在固化膜制造时的聚合灵敏度变得更高的趋势,上述肟化合物、联咪唑化合物、三嗪化合物和酰基膦化合物优选为分子内具有至少2个芳香环的化合物。
作为芳香环,可举出呋喃环、吡咯环、咪唑环、噻吩环、噻唑环等五元环和苯环、吡啶环、嘧啶环、三嗪环等六元环、以及它们的稠环。
肟化合物优选为O-酰基肟化合物,且为具有式(d1)表示的部分结构的化合物。以下,*表示键合位点。
作为肟化合物,例如可举出N-苯甲酰氧基-1-(4-苯基硫烷基苯基)丁烷-1-酮-2-亚胺、N-苯甲酰氧基-1-(4-苯基硫烷基苯基)辛烷-1-酮-2-亚胺、N-苯甲酰氧基-1-(4-苯基硫烷基苯基)-3-环戊基丙烷-1-酮-2-亚胺、N-乙酰氧基-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基苯甲酰基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]乙烷-1-亚胺、N-乙酰氧基-1-[9-乙基-6-{2-甲基-4-(3,3-二甲基-2,4-二氧杂环戊基甲氧基)苯甲酰基}-9H-咔唑-3-基]乙烷-1-亚胺、N-乙酰氧基-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基苯甲酰基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-3-环戊基丙烷-1-亚胺、N-苯甲酰氧基-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基苯甲酰基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-3-环戊基丙烷-1-酮-2-亚胺;日本特开2011-132215号公报、国际公开2008/78678号、国际公开2008/78686号、国际公开2012/132558号记载的化合物等。也可以使用Irgacure OXE01、OXE02(以上为BASF公司制)、N-1919(ADEKA公司制)等市售品。
其中,肟化合物优选选自N-苯甲酰氧基-1-(4-苯基硫烷基苯基)丁烷-1-酮-2-亚胺、N-苯甲酰氧基-1-(4-苯基硫烷基苯基)辛烷-1-酮-2-亚胺和N-苯甲酰氧基-1-(4-苯基硫烷基苯基)-3-环戊基丙烷-1-酮-2-亚胺中的至少一种,更优选N-苯甲酰氧基-1-(4-苯基硫烷基苯基)辛烷-1-酮-2-亚胺。
联咪唑化合物例如为式(d5)表示的化合物。
[式(d5)中,R51~R56表示可以具有取代基的碳原子数6~10的芳基]
作为碳原子数6~10的芳基,例如,可举出苯基、甲苯酰基、二甲苯基、乙基苯基和萘基等,优选为苯基。
作为取代基,例如,可举出卤素原子、碳原子数1~4的烷氧基等。作为卤素原子,例如,可举出氟原子、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子等,优选为氯原子。作为碳原子数1~4的烷氧基,例如,可举出甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基等,优选为甲氧基。
作为联咪唑化合物,例如,可举出2,2’-双(2-氯苯基)-4,4’,5,5’-四苯基联咪唑、2,2’-双(2,3-二氯苯基)-4,4’,5,5’-四苯基联咪唑(例如,参照日本特开平06-75372号公报、日本特开平06-75373号公报等)、2,2’-双(2-氯苯基)-4,4’,5,5’-四苯基联咪唑、2,2’-双(2-氯苯基)-4,4’,5,5’-四(烷氧基苯基)联咪唑、2,2’-双(2-氯苯基)-4,4’,5,5’-四(二烷氧基苯基)联咪唑、2,2’-双(2-氯苯基)-4,4’,5,5’-四(三烷氧基苯基)联咪唑(例如,参照日本特公昭48-38403号公报、日本特开昭62-174204号公报等)、4,4’5,5’-位的苯基被烷氧羰基取代的咪唑化合物(例如,参照日本特开平7-10913号公报等)等。其中,优选下述式表示的化合物或它们的混合物。
作为三嗪化合物,例如,可举出2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-(4-甲氧基萘基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-胡椒基-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-〔2-(5-甲基呋喃-2-基)乙烯基〕-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-〔2-(呋喃-2-基)乙烯基〕-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-〔2-(4-二乙基氨基-2-甲基苯基)乙烯基〕-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-〔2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)乙烯基〕-1,3,5-三嗪等。其中,优选2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-胡椒基-1,3,5-三嗪。
作为酰基膦化合物,可举出双(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)苯基氧化膦、(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)二苯基氧化膦等。
上述的光聚合引发剂可以单独使用,也可以并用2种以上的光聚合引发剂。并用2种以上的光聚合引发剂时,也可以与除上述肟化合物、联咪唑化合物、三嗪化合物和酰基膦化合物以外的公知的聚合引发剂组合。
作为公知的光聚合引发剂,可举出苯偶姻、苯偶姻甲醚、苯偶姻乙醚、苯偶姻异丙醚、苯偶姻异丁醚等苯偶姻化合物;二苯甲酮、邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯、4-苯基二苯甲酮、4-苯甲酰基-4’-甲基二苯硫醚、3,3’,4,4’-四(叔丁基过氧羰基)二苯甲酮、2,4,6-三甲基二苯甲酮、4,4’-双(二乙基氨基)二苯甲酮等二苯甲酮化合物;9,10-菲醌、2-乙基蒽醌、樟脑醌等醌化合物;10-丁基-2-氯吖啶酮、苯偶酰、苯基乙醛酸甲酯、二茂钛化合物等。
作为2种以上的光聚合引发剂的组合,可举出肟化合物与联咪唑化合物、肟化合物与三嗪化合物、肟化合物与酰基膦化合物、联咪唑化合物与三嗪化合物、联咪唑化合物与酰基膦化合物、三嗪化合物与酰基膦化合物等组合。
[光聚合引发助剂(D1)]
进而,也可以根据需要并用光聚合引发助剂(D1)。光聚合引发助剂(D1)为用于促进由光聚合引发剂引发聚合的光聚合性化合物的聚合的化合物、或者敏化剂,包含光聚合引发助剂(D1)时,通常与光聚合引发剂组合使用。作为光聚合引发助剂(D1),可举出胺化合物、烷氧基蒽化合物、噻吨酮化合物和羧酸化合物等。
作为胺化合物,可举出三乙醇胺、甲基二乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、4-二甲基氨基苯甲酸甲酯、4-二甲基氨基苯甲酸乙酯、4-二甲基氨基苯甲酸异戊酯、苯甲酸2-二甲基氨基乙酯、4-二甲基氨基苯甲酸2-乙基己酯、N,N-二甲基对甲苯胺、4,4’-双(二甲基氨基)二苯甲酮(通称米氏酮)、4,4’-双(二乙基氨基)二苯甲酮、4,4’-双(乙基甲基氨基)二苯甲酮等,其中,优选4,4’-双(二乙基氨基)二苯甲酮。也可以使用EAB-F(保土谷化学工业(株)制)等市售品。
作为烷氧基蒽化合物,可举出9,10-二甲氧基蒽、2-乙基-9,10-二甲氧基蒽、9,10-二乙氧基蒽、2-乙基-9,10-二乙氧基蒽、9,10-二丁氧基蒽、2-乙基-9,10-二丁氧基蒽等。
作为噻吨酮化合物,可举出2-异丙基噻吨酮、4-异丙基噻吨酮、2,4-二乙基噻吨酮、2,4-二氯噻吨酮、1-氯-4-丙氧基噻吨酮等。
作为羧酸化合物,可举出苯基硫烷基乙酸、甲基苯基硫烷基乙酸、乙基苯基硫烷基乙酸、甲基乙基苯基硫烷基乙酸、二甲基苯基硫烷基乙酸、甲氧基苯基硫烷基乙酸、二甲氧基苯基硫烷基乙酸、氯苯基硫烷基乙酸、二氯苯基硫烷基乙酸、N-苯基甘氨酸、苯氧基乙酸、萘硫基乙酸、N-萘基甘氨酸、萘氧基乙酸等。
光聚合引发剂(D)的含有率相对于光聚合性化合物(C)100质量份,优选为0.1质量份~300质量份,更优选为0.1质量份~200质量份。光聚合引发剂(D)的含有率相对于树脂(D)和光聚合性化合物(C)的合计量100质量份,优选为0.1质量份~30质量份,更优选为1质量份~20质量份。如果光聚合引发剂(D)的含有率在上述范围内,则存在高灵敏度化而曝光时间缩短的趋势,因此,固化膜的生产率提高。
另外,包含光聚合引发助剂(D1)时,光聚合引发助剂(D1)的含有率相对于光聚合性化合物(C)100质量份,优选为0.1质量份~300质量份,更优选为0.1质量份~200质量份。光聚合引发剂(D)的含有率相对于树脂(D)和光聚合性化合物(C)的合计量100质量份,优选为0.1质量份~30质量份,更优选为1质量份~20质量份。如果光聚合引发助剂(D1)的量在该范围内,则存在能够进一步以高灵敏度形成固化膜的趋势。
[5]抗氧化剂(E)
作为抗氧化剂(E),只要是工业上一般使用的抗氧化剂就没有特别限定,可以使用酚系抗氧化剂、磷系抗氧化剂、磷/酚复合型抗氧化剂和硫系抗氧化剂等。抗氧化剂(E)也可以并用2种以上。磷/酚复合型抗氧化剂可以为分子中分别具有1个以上的磷原子和苯酚结构的化合物。其中,从显影性和发光强度的观点考虑,优选磷/酚复合型抗氧化剂。
作为酚系抗氧化剂,例如可举出Irganox(注册商标)1010(Irganox 1010:季戊四醇四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯],BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)1076(Irganox 1076:十八烷基-3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯,BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)1330(Irganox 1330:3,3’,3”,5,5’、5”-六叔丁基-a,a’,a”-(均三甲苯-2,4,6-三基)三对甲酚,BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)3114(Irganox 3114:1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮,BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)3790(Irganox 3790:1,3,5-三((4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲苯基)甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮,BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)1035(Irganox 1035:硫二亚乙基双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯],BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)1135(Irganox 1135:苯丙酸、3,5-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基、C7-C9侧链烷基酯,BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)1520L(Irganox1520L:4,6-双(辛硫基甲基)邻甲酚,BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)3125(Irganox3125,BASF(株)制)、Irganox(注册商标)565(Irganox 565:2,4-双(正辛硫基)-6-(4-羟基3’,5’-二叔丁基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪,BASF(株)制)、Adekastab(注册商标)AO-80(Adekastab AO-80:3,9-双(2-(3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酰氧基)-1,1-二甲基乙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺(5,5)十一烷,(株)ADEKA制)、Sumilizer(注册商标)BHT、Sumilizer(注册商标)GA-80、Sumilizer(注册商标)GS(以上为住友化学(株)制)、Cyanox(注册商标)1790(Cyanox 1790,(株)Sitech制)和维生素E(Eisai(株)制)等。
作为磷系抗氧化剂,例如可举出Irgafos(注册商标)168(Irgafos 168:三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯,BASF(株)制)、Irgafos(注册商标)12(Irgafos 12:三[2-[[2,4,8,10-四叔丁基二苯并[d,f][1,3,2]二氧杂膦-6-基]氧基]乙基]胺,BASF(株)制)、Irgafos(注册商标)38(Irgafos 38:亚磷酸双(2,4-双(1,1-二甲基乙基)-6-甲基苯基)乙基酯,BASF(株)制)、Adekastab(注册商标)329K、Adekastab(注册商标)PEP36、Adekastab(注册商标)PEP-8(以上为(株)ADEKA制)、Sandstab P-EPQ(Clariant公司制)、Weston(注册商标)618、Weston(注册商标)619G(以上为GE公司制)和Ultranox626(GE公司制)等。
作为磷/酚复合型抗氧化剂,例如可举出Sumilizer(注册商标)GP(6-[3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙氧基]-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基二苯并[d,f][1.3.2]二磷环庚烷)(住友化学(株)制)等。
作为硫系抗氧化剂,可举出硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、硫代二丙酸二肉豆蔻酯或硫代二丙酸二硬脂酯等硫代二丙酸二烷基酯化合物和四[亚甲基(3-十二烷硫基)丙酸酯]甲烷等多元醇的β-烷基巯基丙酸酯化合物等。
抗氧化剂(E)的含有率相对于树脂(B)100质量份,例如可以为1质量份~50质量份,从发光量和耐热性的观点考虑,优选为5质量份~40质量份,更优选为7质量份~30质量份,进一步优选为11质量份~25质量份。
[6]流平剂(F)
作为流平剂(F),可举出有机硅系表面活性剂、氟系表面活性剂和具有氟原子的有机硅系表面活性剂等。它们也可以在侧链具有聚合性基团。从显影性和发光强度的观点考虑,流平剂(F)优选为氟系表面活性剂。
作为有机硅系表面活性剂,可举出分子内具有硅氧烷键的表面活性剂等。具体而言,可举出Toray Silicone DC3PA、Toray Silicone SH7PA、Toray Silicone DC11PA、Toray Silicone SH21PA、Toray Silicone SH28PA、Toray Silicone SH29PA、ToraySilicone SH30PA、Toray Silicone SH8400(商品名:Dow Corning Toray(株)制)、KP321、KP322、KP323、KP324、KP326、KP340、KP341(信越化学工业(株)制)、TSF400、TSF401、TSF410、TSF4300、TSF4440、TSF4445、TSF4446、TSF4452和TSF4460(Momentive PerformanceMaterials Japan合同会社制)等。
作为氟系表面活性剂,可举出分子内具有氟碳链的表面活性剂等。具体而言,可举出FLUORAD(注册商标)FC430、FLUORAD FC431(住友3M(株)制)、MEGAFAC(注册商标)F142D、MEGAFAC F171、MEGAFAC F172、MEGAFAC F173、MEGAFAC F177、MEGAFAC F183、MEGAFACF554、MEGAFAC F575、MEGAFAC R30、MEGAFAC RS-718-K(DIC(株)制)、F-top(注册商标)EF301、F-top EF303、F-top EF351、F-top EF352(三菱材料电子化成(株)制)、Surflon(注册商标)S381、Surflon S382、Surflon SC101、Surflon SC105(旭硝子(株)制)和E5844((株)大金精细化学研究所制)等。
作为具有氟原子的有机硅系表面活性剂,可举出分子内具有硅氧烷键和氟碳链的表面活性剂等。具体而言,可举出MEGAFAC(注册商标)R08、MEGAFAC BL20、MEGAFAC F475、MEGAFAC F477和MEGAFAC F443(DIC(株)制)等。
流平剂(F)的含有率相对于组合物的总量,例如可以为0.001质量%~1.0质量%,优选为0.005质量%~0.75质量%,更优选为0.01质量%~0.5质量%,进一步优选为0.05质量%~0.5质量%。如果流平剂(F)的含有率在上述范围内,则能够使固化膜的平坦性更良好。
[7]溶剂(G)
溶剂(G)只要是溶解树脂(B)、光聚合性化合物(C)和光聚合引发剂(D)的溶剂就没有特别限定,可以使用该领域通常使用的溶剂。例如可举出酯溶剂(分子内包含-COO-且不含-O-的溶剂)、醚溶剂(分子内包含-O-且不含-COO-的溶剂)、醚酯溶剂(分子内包含-COO-和-O-的溶剂)、酮溶剂(分子内包含-CO-且不含-COO-的溶剂)、醇溶剂(分子内包含OH且不含-O-、-CO-和-COO-的溶剂)、芳香族烃溶剂、酰胺溶剂、二甲基亚砜等。
作为酯溶剂,可举出乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸正丁酯、2-羟基异丁酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丁酯、乙酸异丁酯、甲酸正戊酯、乙酸异戊酯、丙酸正丁酯、丁酸异丙酯、丁酸乙酯、丁酸正丁酯、丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、丙酮酸丙酯、乙酰乙酸甲酯、乙酰乙酸乙酯、乙酸环己醇酯和γ-丁内酯等。
作为醚溶剂,可举出乙二醇单甲基醚、乙二醇单乙基醚、乙二醇单丙基醚、乙二醇单丁基醚、二乙二醇单甲基醚、二乙二醇单乙基醚、二乙二醇单丁基醚、丙二醇单甲基醚、丙二醇单乙基醚、丙二醇单丙基醚、丙二醇单丁基醚、3-甲氧基-1-丁醇、3-甲氧基-3-甲基丁醇、四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃、1,4-二烷、二乙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇二乙基醚、二乙二醇甲基乙基醚、二乙二醇二丙基醚、二乙二醇二丁基醚、苯甲醚、苯乙醚和甲基苯甲醚等。
作为醚酯溶剂,可举出甲氧基乙酸甲酯、甲氧基乙酸乙酯、甲氧基乙酸丁酯、乙氧基乙酸甲酯、乙氧基乙酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、2-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、2-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、2-甲氧基丙酸丙酯、2-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、2-甲氧基-2-甲基丙酸甲酯、2-乙氧基-2-甲基丙酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丁基乙酸酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单丙基醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯、二乙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯和二乙二醇单丁基醚乙酸酯等。
作为酮溶剂,可举出4-羟基-4-甲基-2-戊酮、丙酮、2-丁酮、2-庚酮、3-庚酮、4-庚酮、4-甲基-2-戊酮、环戊酮、环己酮和异佛尔酮等。
作为醇溶剂,可举出甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、己醇、环己醇、乙二醇、丙二醇和甘油等。
作为芳香族烃溶剂,可举出苯、甲苯、二甲苯和均三甲苯等。
作为酰胺溶剂,可举出N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮等。
作为溶剂,优选丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯、乳酸乙酯、丙二醇单甲基醚、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙二醇单甲基醚、二乙二醇单甲基醚、二乙二醇单乙基醚、4-羟基-4-甲基-2-戊酮或甲苯。
溶剂(G)为固体成分以外的成分,例如为还包含量子点(A)、树脂(B)等中所含的溶剂的成分。溶剂(G)的含有率为组合物中所含的全部溶剂的合计质量相对于组合物的总量的比例,相对于组合物的总量,例如可以为40质量%~95质量%,优选为55质量%~90质量%。换言之,组合物的固体成分优选为5质量%~60质量%,更优选为10质量%~45质量%。如果溶剂(G)的含量在上述范围内,则存在涂布时的组合物层的平坦性变得更良好,并且容易形成适当的膜厚的固化膜的趋势。
[8]光散射剂(H)
本发明的组合物可以进一步含有光散射剂(H)。作为光散射剂(H),可举出金属或金属氧化物的粒子、玻璃粒子等。作为金属氧化物,可举出TiO2、SiO2、BaTiO3、ZnO等。光散射剂(H)的粒径例如为0.03μm~20μm左右,优选为0.05μm~1μm,进一步优选为0.05μm~0.5μm。
组合物中的光散射剂(H)的含有率相对于组合物的固体成分的总量,例如可以为0.001质量%~50质量%,从显影性和发光强度的观点考虑,优选为1质量%~30质量%,更优选为2质量%~10质量%。固化性组合物包含有机溶剂时,光散射剂(H)可以使用利用分散剂(J)预先分散在有机溶剂(G)的一部分中而得的分散液。作为分散剂(J),例如可以使用市售品。作为市售品的例子,可举出:
BYK-Chemie Japan公司制的DISPERBYK-101、102、103、106、107、108、109、110、111、116、118、130、140、154、161、162、163、164、165、166、170、171、174、180、181、182、183、184、185、190、192、2000、2001、2020、2025、2050、2070、2095、2150、2155;ANTI-TERRA-U、U100、203、204、250;BYK-P104、P104S、P105、220S、6919;BYK-LPN6919、21116;LACTIMON、LACTIMON-WS;Bykumen等;
日本路博润公司制的SOLSPERSE-3000、9000、13000、13240、13650、13940、16000、17000、18000、20000、21000、24000、26000、27000、28000、31845、32000、32500、32550、33500、32600、34750、35100、36600、38500、41000、41090、53095、55000、76500等;
BASF公司制的EFKA-46、47、48、452、4008、4009、4010、4015、4020、4047、4050、4055、4060、4080、4400、4401、4402、4403、4406、4408、4300、4310、4320、4330、4340、450、451、453、4540、4550、4560、4800、5010、5065、5066、5070、7500、7554、1101、120、150、1501、1502、1503等;
味之素精密技术公司制的Ajisper PA111、PB711、PB821、PB822、PB824等。
应予说明,本发明的固化性树脂组合物可以根据需要进一步包含阻聚剂、填充剂、其它高分子化合物、密合促进剂、光稳定剂、链转移剂等该技术领域公知的添加剂。
<组合物的制造方法>
组合物的制造方法可以包括如下工序:将量子点(A)、树脂(B)、聚合性化合物(C)、光聚合引发剂(D)、抗氧化剂(E)、流平剂(F)和溶剂(G)、以及根据需要使用的其它成分混合。
<固化膜>
本发明的固化膜可以通过将本发明的组合物涂布于基板并在光或热的作用下使其固化而得到。本发明的固化膜可以形成于上述基板整面,也可以形成于上述基板的一部分(即固化图案)。作为在上述基板的一部分形成固化膜的方法,可举出光刻法、喷墨法、印刷法等。其中,优选光刻法。光刻法是一种将本发明的组合物涂布于基板,根据需要使其干燥而形成组合物层,并隔着光掩模将该组合物层曝光,进行显影的方法。
作为在基板整面形成固化膜的方法,可举出将本发明的组合物涂布于基板,根据需要使其干燥而形成组合物层,并将该组合物层加热和/或对该组合物层整面进行曝光的方法。
作为基板,可举出石英玻璃、硼硅酸玻璃、铝硅酸盐玻璃、对表面进行了二氧化硅涂布的钠钙玻璃等玻璃板、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯等树脂板、硅、在上述基板上形成有铝、银、银/铜/钯合金薄膜等的基板。
基于光刻法的固化图案的形成可以以公知或惯用的装置、条件进行。例如可以如下制作。
首先,将固化性组合物涂布于基板上,进行加热干燥(预烘烤)和/或减压干燥,由此除去溶剂等挥发成分,得到组合物层。作为涂布方法,可举出旋涂法、狭缝涂布法以及狭缝和旋涂法等。
进行加热干燥时的温度优选30~120℃,更优选50~110℃。另外,作为加热时间,优选为10秒~60分钟,更优选为30秒~30分钟。
进行减压干燥时,优选在50~150Pa的压力下以20~25℃的温度范围进行。
组合物层的膜厚没有特别限定,只要根据目标固化图案的膜厚而适当地选择即可,例如可以为0.5μm~20μm,优选为3μm~18μm,更优选为5μm~16μm。
接下来,对组合物层隔着用于形成目标固化图案的光掩模进行曝光。该光掩模上的图案没有特别限定。
作为曝光中使用的光源,优选产生250~450nm的波长的光的光源。例如,可以利用带通滤波器根据聚合引发剂的吸收波长从该波长的光中选择性地提取436nm附近、408nm附近或365nm附近的光。具体而言,可举出汞灯、发光二极管、金属卤化物灯、卤素灯等。
为了能够对曝光面整面均匀地照射平行光线、或者进行光掩模与形成有组合物层的基板的精确对准,优选使用掩模对准器和步进器等曝光装置。被曝光的组合物层通过该组合物层中所含的聚合性化合物等聚合而固化。
通过使曝光后的组合物层与显影液接触进行显影,从而组合物层的未曝光部溶解于显影液而被除去,得到固化图案。作为显影液,例如,可举出氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、四甲基氢氧化铵等碱性化合物的水溶液、有机溶剂。碱性化合物的水溶液中的浓度优选为0.01质量%~10质量%,更优选为0.03质量%~5质量%。作为有机溶剂,可举出与上述的溶剂(G)同样的溶剂。进而,显影液也可以包含表面活性剂。
显影方法可以为桨法(Paddle method)、浸渍法和喷雾法等中的任一种。进而,在显影时可以使基板以任意角度倾斜。
优选对通过显影而得到的固化图案进一步进行加热(后烘烤)。加热温度优选150~250℃,更优选160~235℃。加热时间优选1~120分钟,更优选10~60分钟。通过在显影后进行加热,能够进行固化图案中所含的未反应的聚合性化合物等的聚合,因此能够得到耐化学药品性更优异的固化图案。
本发明的固化膜能够通过对固化膜照射紫外光或可见光而发出与照射光不同波长的光。通过在形成本发明的固化膜时使用的组合物中选择量子点的成分、粒径,能够选择所发出的光的波长。
本发明的固化膜如上所述具有转换照射光的波长的功能,因此能够作为显示装置的颜色转换层利用。作为这样的显示装置,例如,可举出日本特开2006-309219号公报、日本特开2006-310303号公报、日本特开2013-15812号公报、日本特开2009-251129号公报、日本特开2014-2363号公报等中记载的显示装置。
本发明的组合物存在即便为厚膜也可得到显影速度快且发光强度高的膜的趋势,因此作为显示装置、特别是液晶显示装置的颜色转换层是有用的。
<树脂>
本发明的另一要点为具有硫醚基、羧基和不饱和双键的树脂(以下,也称为树脂(I))。树脂(I)可以为上述的聚合物(B1)。对于构成树脂(I)的单体、结构单元、结构单元的比例、重均分子量、酸值、丙烯酸当量、每1条分子链1的修饰量和制造方法,应用上述的聚合物(B1)中的说明。
实施例
以下,利用实施例对本发明进行更详细的说明。例中的“%”和“份”只要没有特别说明,就为质量%和质量份。
〔发光强度的测定〕
利用旋涂法将固化性组合物(X)以膜厚为10μm的方式涂布于5cm见方的玻璃基板(EAGLE 2000;CORNING公司制)上后,以100℃预烘烤3分钟而形成固化性组合物层。使用曝光机(TME-150RSK;TOPCON(株)制)对形成有该固化性组合物层的基板在大气气氛下以500mJ/cm2的曝光量(365nm基准)照射光,显影后,以180℃进行60分钟后烘烤,由此得到具有固化膜的基板。
使用光谱仪(Ocean Optics公司)测定比485nm长的波长区域处的发光强度。
〔耐溶剂性的评价〕
将上述的发光强度的测定中使用的样品在有机溶剂(PGMEA)中浸渍30分钟后,依照上述发光强度的测定步骤来测定发光强度。求出浸渍后的发光强度相对于浸渍于有机溶剂之前的发光极度的比例。
〔显影残渣的评价〕
利用旋涂法将组合物以膜厚为10μm的方式涂布于5cm见方的玻璃基板(EAGLE2000;CORNING公司制)上后,以100℃进行3分钟预烘烤而形成组合物层,浸渍于显影液(氢氧化钾0.05%水溶液),进行显影。利用荧光灯反射光对进行显影后的玻璃基板表面进行观察,进行有无组合物层残渣的评价。
〔重均分子量〕
树脂的重均分子量(Mw)的测定利用GPC法按照以下条件进行。
装置;K2479((株)岛津制作所制)
柱子;SHIMADZU Shim-pack GPC-80M
柱温;40℃
溶剂;四氢呋喃
流速;1.0mL/min
检测器;RI
校正用标准物质;TSK STANDARD POLYSTYRENE F-40、F-4、F-288、A-2500、A-500(东曹(株)制)
〔酸值〕
精确称量树脂溶液3g,溶解于丙酮90g与水10g的混合溶剂中,使用0.1当量的KOH水溶液作为滴定液,利用自动滴定装置(平沼产业公司制,商品名:COM-555)测定聚合物溶液的酸值,由溶液的酸值和溶液的固体成分求出每1g固体成分的酸值(AV)。
〔固体成分〕
在铝杯中量取约1g的聚合物溶液,在180℃干燥1小时后,测定质量。根据其质量减少量来计算聚合物溶液的固体成分(质量%)。
制造例1:散射剂(H-1)
在氧化钛纳米粒子70质量份中加入以固体成分计为3质量份的DISPERBYK21116(BYK-Chemie Japan制),并加入PGMEA以使总量为100质量份后,用涂料振荡器搅拌直至充分分散,得到散射剂(H-1)的分散液(固体成分73%)。
实施例1:树脂(B-1)
向具备搅拌器、带有温度计的回流冷却管、滴液漏斗和氮导入管的烧瓶中投入丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯(以下,称为“PGMEA”)110质量份后,一边进行氮置换一边搅拌,升温到80℃。将甲基丙烯酸二环戊酯10质量份、甲基丙烯酸苄酯45质量份、甲基丙烯酸45质量份、2,2’-偶氮双(2.4-二甲基戊腈)7质量份溶解于PGMEA110质量份,将由此得到的溶液从滴液漏斗滴加到烧瓶中后,在80℃搅拌3h。
接下来,将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯15质量份、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)0.4质量份、三乙基胺0.8质量份投入到烧瓶内并升温到110℃,搅拌8小时后,冷却到室温,由此得到树脂溶液。对该树脂溶液100质量份加入巯基丙酸0.4质量份,在80℃搅拌4小时,由此得到树脂(B-1)溶液。树脂(B-1)溶液中的固体成分为40质量%。将树脂(B-1)的重均分子量、酸值、丙烯酸当量、修饰量示于表3。
实施例2:树脂(B-2)
实施例1中加入巯基丙酸0.8质量份代替加入巯基丙酸0.4质量份,除此以外,与实施例1同样地得到树脂(B-2)溶液。将结果示于表3。
实施例3:树脂(B-3)
实施例1中加入巯基琥珀酸0.6质量份代替加入巯基丙酸0.4质量份,除此以外,与实施例1同样地得到树脂(B-3)溶液。将结果示于表3。
实施例4:树脂(B-4)
向具备搅拌器、带有温度计的回流冷却管、滴液漏斗和氮导入管的烧瓶中投入丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯(以下,称为“PGMEA”)110质量份后,一边进行氮置换一边搅拌,升温到80℃。将甲基丙烯酸二环戊酯10质量份、甲基丙烯酸苄酯45质量份、甲基丙烯酸45质量份、2,2’-偶氮双(2.4-二甲基戊腈)12.5质量份溶解于PGMEA 110质量份,将由此得到的溶液从滴液漏斗向烧瓶中滴加后,以80℃搅拌3h。
接下来,将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯15质量份、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)0.4质量份、三乙基胺0.8质量份投入到烧瓶内并升温到110℃,搅拌8小时后,冷却到室温,由此得到固体成分40%的树脂溶液。
对该树脂溶液100质量份加入巯基丙酸0.5质量份,在80℃搅拌4小时,由此得到树脂(B-4)溶液。将结果示于表3。
比较例1:树脂(B-5)
实施例1中不加入巯基丙酸,除此以外,与实施例1同样地得到树脂(B-5)溶液。将结果示于表3。
[表3]
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 比较例1 | |
树脂 | (B-1) | (B-2) | (B-3) | (B-4) | (B-5) |
重均分子量Mw | 10300 | 10400 | 10400 | 6700 | 10200 |
酸值AV[mgKOH/g] | 104 | 109 | 109 | 105 | 100 |
丙烯酸当量[g/eq] | 1330 | 1530 | 1340 | 1420 | 1170 |
由投料比算出的修饰量 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.75 | 0 |
<实施例5~8、比较例2>
将表4的各成分混合来制备实施例和比较例的组合物。对所得到的组合物进行发光强度、耐溶剂性和显影性的评价。将结果示于表5。
[表4]
单位:质量%(将树脂组合物的固体成分设为100%)
(量子点(A)、散射剂(B)和树脂(C)的值不含溶剂)
含有配体的量子点(A-1):配位有油酸的InP/ZnSeS量子点的甲苯分散液(固体成分10%)
光聚合性化合物(C-1):M-510(多元酸改性丙烯酸酯,东亚合成公司制)
光聚合引发剂(D-1):OXE02(肟引发剂,BASF公司制)
抗氧化剂(E-1):Sumilizer-GP(磷/酚复合型,抗氧化剂,住友化学公司制)
流平剂(F-1):Toray Silicone SH8400(有机硅系流平剂,Toray Dow公司制)
溶剂(G一1):PGMEA(丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯)
[表5]
Claims (9)
1.一种组合物,包含量子点A和树脂B,
所述树脂B包含具有硫醚基、羧基和不饱和双键的聚合物B1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中,所述聚合物B1为具有来自单体a、单体b和单体c的结构单元的聚合物,所述单体a具有巯基和羧基,所述单体b为选自不饱和羧酸和不饱和羧酸酐中的至少1种,所述单体c具有环氧乙烷基和烯键式不饱和键。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的组合物,其中,所述具有环氧乙烷基和烯键式不饱和键的单体c包含单体c1和单体c2中的至少任一者,所述单体c1具有将不饱和链式脂肪族烃环氧化而得的结构以及烯键式不饱和键,所述单体c2具有将不饱和脂环式烃环氧化而得的结构以及烯键式不饱和键。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的组合物,其中,所述聚合物B1具有通式(ba)、(bb)和(bc)表示的结构单元,
式中,
R61、R62、R63相互独立地表示氢原子或甲基,
R7表示氢原子或碳原子数1~4的烷基,该烷基中所含的氢原子可以被羟基取代,
X表示*-R8-X3-、*-R8-O-X3-、*-R8-S-X3-、*-R8-NH-X3-,*表示与R7侧的氧原子的键合位点,R8表示碳原子数1~6的链烷二基,X3表示亚乙基或二价脂环式烃基,它们具有羟基,
Y表示**-(R)p-,R表示烃基,存在多个R时,彼此可以相同,也可以不同,所述烃基可以具有1个以上的取代基,存在多个取代基时,它们可以相同或不同,它们也可以相互键合并与各自所键合的原子一起形成环,所述烃基中所含的-CH2-可以取代为-O-、-CO-和-NH-中的至少1种,**表示与S的键合位点,p表示1~10的整数,
Z表示羧基。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的组合物,其中,进一步包含聚合性化合物C和聚合引发剂D。
7.一种固化膜,由权利要求1~6中任一项所述的组合物形成。
8.一种显示装置,包含权利要求7所述的固化膜。
9.一种树脂,具有硫醚基、羧基和不饱和双键。
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JP2021105108A (ja) | 2021-07-26 |
JP7406983B2 (ja) | 2023-12-28 |
TW202146496A (zh) | 2021-12-16 |
EP4083097A4 (en) | 2024-01-31 |
US20230013986A1 (en) | 2023-01-19 |
CN114868047B (zh) | 2024-10-15 |
EP4083097A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
WO2021132332A1 (ja) | 2021-07-01 |
KR20220123252A (ko) | 2022-09-06 |
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