CN114848763A

CN114848763A - Traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in gestation period and/or lactation period, fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114848763A
Application number: CN202210306459.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔宏兴; 范明夏; 孙彦婷; 张晓静; 康宇; 赵圣振; 张菡; 边传周; 邢得强
Original assignee: Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
Current assignee: Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
Priority date: 2022-03-25
Filing date: 2022-03-25
Publication date: 2022-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-25
Also published as: CN114848763B

Abstract

The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period, a fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparations for livestock. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period consists of the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 40-50 parts of angelica sinensis, 55-65 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 55-65 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 55-65 parts of poria cocos, 40-50 parts of prepared rehmannia rhizome, 30-40 parts of motherwort, 30-40 parts of glossy privet fruit, 30-40 parts of malt, 30-40 parts of dried orange peel and 30-40 parts of liquorice. The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period is mainly prepared from lactic acid bacteria and the traditional Chinese medicine composition; the lactobacillus consists of lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium, and the sub-health state of the sow can be improved and the production performance of the sow can be improved by organically combining probiotics and the traditional Chinese medicine composition.

Description

Traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in gestation period and/or lactation period, fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparations for livestock, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in gestation and/or lactation, a fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The sow is the most central 'production machine' of the pig farm, the health condition of the sow is directly related to the exertion of the production performance and influences the production benefit of the pig farm, and particularly, the sow puts higher requirements on the health level of the sow in a large-scale and intensive breeding mode and a high-intensity production rhythm in modern animal husbandry breeding. Epidemic diseases caused by livestock in traditional breeding are usually treated by antibiotics, but along with the development of modern animal husbandry, the drug resistance problem and toxic and side effects caused by the antibiotics are gradually highlighted, adverse effects on the health of livestock can be caused by long-term administration, drug residues in the meat quality of livestock also cause the occurrence of food safety problems, and therefore more and more pig farms do not use antibiotics.

However, in actual clinic, the sow has various sub-health problems such as rough fur, tear drop, constipation, poor resistance and the like generally after the antibiotic is not used, and the production performance of the sow also has the problem of reduction, thereby affecting the benefit of a pig farm. Therefore, there is a need for a green and pollution-free drug that can replace antibiotics to improve the sub-health status of sows and improve the productivity of sows.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period, and the prepared fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation can improve the sub-health problem of sows in the gestation period and the lactation period.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period, which is beneficial to improving the sub-health problem of sows in the gestation period and the lactation period.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period, which has the advantages of simple process and high utilization rate.

The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in gestation and/or lactation, which adopts the technical scheme that:

a traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in gestation and/or lactation periods comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 40-50 parts of angelica sinensis, 55-65 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 55-65 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 55-65 parts of poria cocos, 40-50 parts of prepared rehmannia rhizome, 30-40 parts of motherwort, 30-40 parts of glossy privet fruit, 30-40 parts of malt, 30-40 parts of dried orange peel and 30-40 parts of liquorice.

The traditional Chinese medicine composition for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period has the characteristics that:

astragalus root: is dried root of Astragalus membranaceus bge, Astragalus mongholicus bge, or other similar plants of the same genus of Leguminosae, and contains polysaccharides such as glucose AG-1 and AG-2, heteropolysaccharide AH-1 and AH-2, saponins such as astragalosides I-VIII and soyasaponin I, astragaloside IV and astragaloside B; mild and sweet in nature and taste; entering lung and spleen meridians; has the effects of invigorating qi, invigorating yang, consolidating superficial resistance, arresting sweating, promoting skin ulcer and granulation, and inducing diuresis to alleviate edema. It can be used for treating qi deficiency of spleen and lung, collapse due to qi deficiency, sweating due to exterior deficiency, skin ulcer, carbuncle, ulcer, and edema due to qi deficiency. Modern pharmacology proves that astragalus has the effects of enhancing immunity, promoting hematopoiesis, improving gastrointestinal tract function, regulating heart, regulating blood pressure, resisting tumor, radiation, fatigue, oxidation damage and protecting liver.

Chinese angelica: is root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels of Angelica of Umbelliferae, and contains neutral oil components such as beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, camphene, etc. Contains acidic oil components such as p-methylbenzyl alcohol and 5-methoxy-2, 3-xylenol, and effective components such as organic acid, saccharide, vitamins, and amino acids; sweet and pungent in flavor and warm in nature; it enters liver, heart and spleen meridians; has effects in replenishing blood, regulating menstruation, promoting blood circulation, relieving pain, and loosening bowel to relieve constipation. Can be used for treating blood deficiency, sallow complexion, menoxenia, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, blood deficiency, blood stagnation, pain due to blood cold, traumatic injury, rheumatalgia, superficial infection, pyocutaneous disease, intestinal dryness, and constipation. Modern pharmacology proves that the angelica has the effects of resisting anemia, enhancing immunologic function, inhibiting platelet aggregation, resisting thrombus, resisting myocardial ischemia and anoxia, expanding peripheral vessels, lowering blood pressure, exciting or inhibiting uterine smooth muscle, relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, reducing blood fat, resisting inflammation, protecting liver and the like.

Codonopsis pilosula: is dried root of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf, Codonopsis pilosula Nannf, var. modesta (Nannf.) L.T.Shen or Codonopsis tangshen Codonopsis tandshen Oliv, contains volatile oil, baicalein glucoside, trace alkaloid, amino acid, polysaccharide and saponin, and contains syringin, n-hexyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, taraxacin alcohol and friedelin; sweet and mild in nature and taste; spleen and lung meridian entered; has the effects of invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, and invigorating spleen and lung. It can be used for treating weakness of spleen and stomach, anorexia, diarrhea, tiredness, asthenia, and cough with asthma due to lung deficiency. Modern pharmacological studies prove that the codonopsis pilosula has the effects of reducing blood pressure, exciting a nervous system, increasing blood sugar, promoting blood coagulation and the like.

White atractylodes rhizome: is dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz of Atractylodes of Compositae, and contains effective components such as atractylol, beta-eudesmol, citronellol, atractylol ether, atractyloide, dehydrated atractyloide, fructose, inulin, etc.; warm, sweet and bitter in nature and taste; spleen and stomach meridians entered; has the effects of invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, eliminating dampness and promoting diuresis, consolidating superficial resistance and arresting sweating, and invigorating qi and preventing miscarriage. It can be used for treating spleen deficiency, diarrhea, edema, spontaneous perspiration, and threatened abortion. Modern pharmacology proves that the bighead atractylodes rhizome has the effects of improving gastrointestinal functions, enhancing immune system functions, resisting tumors, promoting urination, regulating the nervous system and the like.

Tuckahoe, poria cocos: is dried sclerotium of Poria cocos (Schw.) wolf of Polyporaceae family, and contains effective components such as beta-pachyman, pachymin, pachymic acid, acetyl pachymic acid, pinoceric acid, odontic acid, 3 beta-hydroxy lanoceric acid, histidine, choline, adenine, etc.; mild, sweet and light in nature and taste; the heart, lung, spleen, stomach and kidney meridians are entered; has the effects of promoting diuresis, eliminating dampness, invigorating spleen, strengthening middle warmer, calming heart, and tranquilizing mind. It can be used for treating phlegm-damp edema, oliguria, spleen deficiency, anorexia, loose stool, diarrhea, and restlessness. Modern pharmacology proves that the tuckahoe has the effects of promoting diuresis, soothing the nerves, resisting inflammation, inhibiting bacteria, resisting tumors, improving the immunologic function, protecting the liver, resisting rejection reaction, promoting the hematopoietic function and the like.

Prepared rhizome of rehmannia: is root tuber of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch (Rehmannia glutinosa, and Rehmannia glutinosa aglycone of Scrophulariaceae family. Sweet in nature and taste, slightly warm. It enters liver and kidney meridians. Has effects in replenishing blood, nourishing yin, replenishing essence, and nourishing marrow. It can be used for treating blood deficiency, asthenia, blood deficiency, essence deficiency, deficiency heat, night sweat, etc. Modern pharmacological studies prove that the prepared rehmannia root has the effects of reducing the blood sugar content, strengthening the heart, promoting urination, inhibiting fungi and the like.

Motherwort: is fresh or dried aerial part of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. of Leonurus of Labiatae, and contains leonurine, stachydrine, linolenic acid, beta-linolenic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, benzoic acid, rutin, fumaric acid, etc. Bitter and pungent in flavor, slightly cold in nature, entering liver, pericardium and bladder meridian. Has effects of promoting blood circulation, regulating menstruation, inducing diuresis, relieving swelling, and clearing away heat and toxic materials. It can be used for treating menoxenia, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, lochiorrhea, edema, oliguria, pyocutaneous disease, and toxic swelling. Modern pharmacological studies prove that motherwort has the effects of exciting uterus, accelerating uterine contraction, promoting urination, inhibiting dermatophytes and the like.

Glossy privet fruit: is mature fruit of Ligustrum lucidum air of Ligustrum genus of Oleaceae family, and contains oleanolic acid, acetyl oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, mannitol, glucose, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc. Sweet and bitter in nature and taste and cool in nature; it enters liver and kidney meridians. Has effects of nourishing liver and kidney, clearing heat and improving eyesight. Can be used for treating soreness of waist and knees, premature gray hair, yin deficiency, internal heat, hectic fever, night sweat, spermatorrhea, dizziness, blurred vision, amnesia, and tinnitus. Modern pharmacological studies prove that the glossy privet fruit has the effects of resisting cancer, resisting inflammation, reducing blood fat, reducing blood sugar, enhancing the immunity of the organism, resisting the photooxidation of HPD, reducing intraocular pressure, resisting aging, protecting the liver and the like.

Malt: is prepared from mature fruit of Hordeum vulgare L.of Gramineae by germinating and drying, and contains amylase, invertase, vitamin C, fat, lecithin, dextrin, maltose, glucose, etc. Sweet in nature and flavor, neutral in nature and flavor, and entering spleen and stomach meridians. Has the effects of promoting qi circulation, promoting digestion, invigorating spleen, stimulating appetite, stopping lactation, etc. It can be used for treating weakness of spleen and stomach, anorexia, abdominal distention, and milk stagnation. Modern pharmacological studies prove that the malt has the effects of promoting the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin, reducing blood sugar and inhibiting platelet aggregation.

Dried orange peel: is dried mature pericarp of Citrus reticulata Blanco of Citrus of Rutaceae and its cultivar, and contains nobiletin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, hesperetin, parahydroxyfolin, flavone compounds, etc. Pungent and bitter in nature and warm in nature; it enters spleen and lung meridians. Has effects of regulating qi-flowing, invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness and phlegm. Can be used for treating qi stagnation of spleen and stomach, emesis, singultus, damp phlegm, cough due to cold phlegm, and thoracic obstruction. Modern pharmacological research proves that the dried orange peel has the effects of removing oxygen free radicals, resisting lipid peroxidation, benefiting cholesterol, reducing serum cholesterol and the like.

Licorice root: is dried root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal, or Glycyrrhiza glabra L of Glycyrrhiza genus plant of Leguminosae, and contains glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, isoglycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhizin, mannitol, glucose, sucrose, organic acid, volatile oil, etc. Sweet in taste and neutral in nature; it enters heart, lung, spleen and stomach meridians. Has effects of invigorating qi, strengthening middle warmer, moistening lung, relieving cough, clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving pain, and regulating drug properties. It can be used for treating spleen deficiency, asthenia, palpitation, cough, asthma, carbuncle, cellulitis, pharyngitis, poisoning, abdominal distention, and spasm and pain of limbs. Modern pharmacological studies prove that the liquorice has the effects of detoxification, diuresis, cough relief, inflammation resistance, allergy resistance and the like.

The traditional Chinese medicine composition for the gestation period and/or the lactation period of the sow has reasonable compatibility of the traditional Chinese medicine components, can play a synergistic role, is beneficial to enhancing the immunity of the sow, protecting the reproductive system, promoting the absorption and utilization of nutrition, is also beneficial to the growth and development of piglets, can be matched with a strain to prepare a fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and has a relatively high application prospect.

Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine composition for the pregnancy and/or lactation period of the sow comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 65 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 45 parts of angelica sinensis, 60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 60 parts of poria cocos, 45 parts of rehmannia glutinosa, 35 parts of motherwort, 35 parts of glossy privet fruit, 35 parts of malt, 35 parts of dried orange peel and 35 parts of liquorice.

The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period adopts the technical scheme that:

a fermented Chinese medicinal preparation for sow in gestation and/or lactation period is mainly prepared from lactobacillus and any one of the above Chinese medicinal compositions; the lactobacillus is composed of lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium.

The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period adopts the lactic acid bacteria with the main characteristics as follows:

lactobacillus plantarum: is Lactobacillus in Lactobacillus family, and is facultative anaerobic, and has optimal pH of 6.5; the strain is in a short rod shape or a chain shape, does not produce spores, and is in a gray, round, smooth and opaque colony in LBS agar culture medium; lactic acid is produced during the fermentation process, and the capability of fermenting carbohydrate is very strong. The main functions are maintaining the balance of intestinal flora and intestinal functions, promoting the absorption of nutrient substances, improving the immunity level, resisting bacteria and tumors, reducing cholesterol, improving the liver function and the like.

Enterococcus faecium: the strain belongs to the enterococcus and is a facultative anaerobic gram-positive lactic acid bacteria, the shape of the strain is spherical or chain-shaped, the strain has no capsule, no spore, strong environmental adaptability and resistance, can tolerate various antibiotics such as tetracycline, kanamycin, gentamicin and the like, and has stricter growth condition requirements. Arginine can be used as an energy source to ferment sorbitol without arabinose fermentation. The main functions are improving the intestinal microecological balance, preventing and treating the disorder of the intestinal flora of animals, decomposing protein into small peptide, synthesizing B vitamins and the like.

The invention selects astragalus root, angelica, radix codonopsitis, atractylodes, tuckahoe, prepared rhizome of rehmannia, motherwort, glossy privet fruit, malt and dried orange peel as fermentation raw materials, and simultaneously carries out biotransformation by using lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium to prepare the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation. The lactobacillus plantarum and the enterococcus faecium are matched for fermentation, so that the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine composition can be fully extracted, and the utilization rate of the medicinal materials can be improved; and the probiotics and the traditional Chinese medicine composition are organically combined, so that the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is enhanced, the toxic and side effects are reduced, and the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation has new efficacy, so that the immunity of an animal organism can be improved, the growth is promoted, the balance of intestinal flora is adjusted, and the fermented traditional Chinese medicine composition also has multiple efficacies and advantages of antibiosis and antivirus, no drug resistance, greenness, high efficiency and the like.

The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation mainly solves the following problems: (1) the application of antibiotics can be reduced, and the problems of bacterial drug resistance, drug residue and the like can be easily solved; (2) the health-care food has the effects of benefiting qi and nourishing blood, improving the immunity and disease resistance of the organism and solving the sub-health problem of the sow; (3) the productivity of the sows is improved, and the breeding life is prolonged; (4) can regulate the balance of animal intestinal flora and further improve the immunity of the organism; (5) is beneficial to the improvement of the growth quality of the piglets and is beneficial to the healthy development of the livestock industry.

Preferably, the lactobacillus plantarum is provided by lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid, and the enterococcus faecium is provided by enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid.

The viable count of the bacterial liquid of the X bacterium in the present invention means the viable count of the X bacterium in the bacterial liquid of the X bacterium, for example: the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid refers to the viable count of lactobacillus plantarum in the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid.

Preferably, the volume of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid correspondingly adopted by every 60-70 g of astragalus is120-130 mL, the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid is (1.0-10.0) x 10 ⁶ CFU/mL; the volume of the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid correspondingly adopted by every 60-70 g of astragalus is 120-130 mL, and the viable count of the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid is (1.0-10.0) multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL。

Preferably, in order to ensure the flora balance in the fermentation process and promote the close matching of two lactic acid bacteria, the ratio of the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid to that of the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid is 1: 1, volume ratio of 1: 1.

further, in the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period, the traditional Chinese medicine composition consists of the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 65 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 45 parts of angelica sinensis, 60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 60 parts of poria cocos, 45 parts of rehmannia glutinosa, 35 parts of motherwort, 35 parts of glossy privet fruit, 35 parts of malt, 35 parts of dried orange peel and 35 parts of liquorice; the volume of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid correspondingly adopted by every 65g of astragalus is 125mL, and the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid is 5.0 multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL; the volume of enterococcus faecium liquid correspondingly adopted by every 65g of astragalus is 125mL, and the viable count of the enterococcus faecium liquid is 5.0 multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL。

The preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period adopts the technical scheme that:

a preparation method of any one of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparations comprises the following steps: mixing the Chinese medicinal composition powder of 60-100 meshes with the lactic acid bacteria, and then sealing and fermenting to obtain the lactobacillus milk powder. The preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation is characterized in that the traditional Chinese medicine and the fermentation strain are mixed and then are subjected to solid state fermentation, the method is simple and convenient to operate, no harmful substances such as industrial three wastes and the like exist after fermentation, the utilization rate is high, the feasibility is good, and the preparation method is suitable for large-scale industrial production and has good popularization and application values.

Preferably, the 60-100 mesh powder of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by crushing the traditional Chinese medicine composition, screening the powder by using a screen with the number of 60-100 meshes, and collecting the powder of the traditional Chinese medicine composition passing through the screen.

Preferably, the particle size of the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder is 80 meshes.

Preferably, the temperature of the closed fermentation is 25-35 ℃, and the time is 3-7 days. For example, the temperature of the closed fermentation is 30 ℃ and the time is 5 days.

The lactobacillus in the invention consists of lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium. Preferably, the lactobacillus plantarum is provided by lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid, and the enterococcus faecium is provided by enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid.

The lactobacillus plantarum liquid is obtained by activating lactobacillus plantarum strains to obtain liquid strains and then diluting the liquid strains; the activation of the lactobacillus plantarum strain was performed in MRS broth.

The enterococcus faecium liquid is obtained by activating enterococcus faecium strains to obtain liquid strains and then diluting the liquid strains; the activation of enterococcus faecium strain is carried out in MRS broth culture medium.

Preferably, the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid is (1.0-10.0) multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL; the viable count of the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid is (1.0-10.0) multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL。

Preferably, the closed fermentation is carried out in a constant temperature incubator.

Preferably, when the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period is used as an additive to be applied to the feed of the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period, the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation can be used for improving the sub-health state of the sows in the gestation period and the lactation period according to the fragile constitution of the sows in the special period, and improving the immunity and the production performance of the sows in the gestation period and the lactation period.

Preferably, the mass of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation adopted by each ton of the feed for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period is 3000 g.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is the body surface of a sow observed in an experimental example 3 before feeding;

FIG. 2 is a body surface of a sow observed in Experimental example 3 after 15 days of feeding;

FIG. 3 is the body surface of sows observed in Experimental example 3 after 30 days of feeding;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of analyzing the diversity of intestinal flora of fecal samples of day 0, day 14 and day 28 of sows obtained in Experimental example 4;

fig. 5 shows the results of NMDS analysis of intestinal flora of day 0, 14 and 28 fecal samples from sows obtained in experimental example 4.

Detailed Description

The following provides a supplementary explanation of the technical effects of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments.

The raw materials in the following examples and comparative examples are all conventional commercial products, wherein the strain number of lactobacillus plantarum is CGMCC 1.557, the strain number of enterococcus faecium is CGMCC 1.130, and the lactobacillus plantarum and the enterococcus faecium are purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center; MRS broth was purchased from Oboxing Biotechnology, Inc., Beijing.

Example 1

The traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period consists of the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 65 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 45 parts of angelica sinensis, 60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 60 parts of poria cocos, 45 parts of rehmannia glutinosa, 35 parts of leonurus, 35 parts of glossy privet fruit, 35 parts of malt, 35 parts of dried orange peel and 35 parts of liquorice.

Example 2

The traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period consists of the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 60 parts of astragalus, 40 parts of angelica, 55 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 55 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 55 parts of poria cocos, 40 parts of prepared rhizome of rehmannia, 30 parts of motherwort, 30 parts of glossy privet fruit, 30 parts of malt, 30 parts of dried orange peel and 30 parts of liquorice.

Example 3

The traditional Chinese medicine composition for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period consists of the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 70 parts of astragalus, 50 parts of angelica, 65 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 65 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 65 parts of poria cocos, 50 parts of prepared rhizome of rehmannia, 40 parts of motherwort, 40 parts of glossy privet fruit, 40 parts of malt, 40 parts of dried orange peel and 40 parts of liquorice.

Example 4

The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period is mainly prepared from lactic acid bacteria and the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the embodiment 1, wherein the lactic acid bacteria consist of lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium.

Example 5

The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period is mainly prepared from lactic acid bacteria and the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the embodiment 2, wherein the lactic acid bacteria comprise lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium.

Example 6

The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period is mainly prepared from lactic acid bacteria and the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the embodiment 3, wherein the lactic acid bacteria comprise lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium.

Example 7

This example is a method for preparing the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or lactation period of example 4, comprising the following steps:

1) activating Lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium with MRS broth, and diluting until viable count is 5.0 × 10 ⁶ CFU/mL to obtain lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid for later use;

2) pulverizing the traditional Chinese medicine composition of example 1, sieving with a sieve with 80 mesh size, and collecting the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder passing through the sieve;

3) mixing the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid obtained in the step 1) and the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder obtained in the step 2), wherein the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid are used in the following amounts: and (3) carrying out closed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 5 days to obtain the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid with the volume of 125mL for each 65g of astragalus and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid with the volume of 125mL for each 65g of astragalus.

Example 8

This example is a method for preparing the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or lactation period of example 5, comprising the following steps:

2) pulverizing the traditional Chinese medicine composition of example 2, then screening by using a screen with the mesh size of 80 meshes, and collecting the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder passing through the screen;

3) mixing the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid obtained in the step 1) and the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder obtained in the step 2), wherein the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid are used in the following amounts: and (3) performing closed fermentation at 25 ℃ for 7 days to obtain the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid with the volume of 120mL for every 60g of astragalus mongholicus and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid with the volume of 120mL for every 60g of astragalus mongholicus.

Example 9

This example is the preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or lactation period of example 6, comprising the following steps:

2) pulverizing the traditional Chinese medicine composition of example 3, then screening by using a screen with the mesh size of 80 meshes, and collecting the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder passing through the screen;

3) mixing the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid obtained in the step 1) and the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder obtained in the step 2), wherein the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid are used in the following amounts: and (3) performing closed fermentation at 35 ℃ for 3 days to obtain the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid with the volume of 130mL for every 70g of astragalus and the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid with the volume of 130mL for every 70g of astragalus.

Example 10

The preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or lactation period in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 7 only in that: step 2) is to crush the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the embodiment 1, then sieve the traditional Chinese medicine composition by using a sieve with the sieve pore size of 60 meshes, and collect the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder passing through the sieve.

Example 11

The preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or lactation period in the embodiment is different from the preparation method in the embodiment 7 only in that: step 2) is to crush the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the embodiment 1, then sieve the traditional Chinese medicine composition by using a sieve with the sieve pore size of 100 meshes, and collect the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder passing through the sieve.

Comparative example 1

The feed of this comparative example did not contain any drugs and additives.

Comparative example 2

The preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation of the comparative example is only different from the preparation method of the example 7 in that: the adopted traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 65 parts of astragalus, 45 parts of white paeony root, 60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 60 parts of rhizoma alismatis, 45 parts of prepared rhizome of rehmannia, 35 parts of motherwort, 35 parts of medlar, 35 parts of malt, 35 parts of green tangerine peel and 35 parts of liquorice.

Comparative example 3

The preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation of the comparative example is only different from the preparation method of the example 7 in that: bacillus subtilis is adopted to replace lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus licheniformis is adopted to replace enterococcus faecium.

Experimental example 1

After the fermentation of the examples 7-9 and the comparative examples 2-3 is finished, taking a sample of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared in each example or comparative example, extracting total polysaccharides in the sample by adopting a water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, and measuring the content of the total polysaccharides by utilizing a phenol-sulfuric acid method; meanwhile, organic acid is extracted by adopting a distillation method, and the content of formic acid and acetic acid is detected by utilizing a liquid chromatography.

The traditional Chinese medicine composition in the example 1 is pulverized, then sieved by a sieve with the sieve pore size of 80 meshes, the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder passing through the sieve is collected, and then the powder is taken as a sample to measure the content of total polysaccharide, formic acid and acetic acid in the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder by the method in the experimental example. The measurement results of this experimental example are shown in table 1 below.

TABLE 1 Total polysaccharide and organic acid contents of examples 1, 7 to 9 and comparative examples 2 to 3

The results in table 1 show that, compared with the powder of the traditional Chinese medicine composition prepared in example 1 without fermentation, the contents of total polysaccharides and organic acids in the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparations prepared in examples 7 to 9 are improved to different degrees, wherein the content of the total polysaccharides after fermentation is improved by 1.87 to 4.05 percent compared with the content of the total polysaccharides in the comparative examples, which indicates that the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation of the invention is beneficial to improving the immunity of sows; in addition, compared with the traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared in the embodiment 7-9 without fermentation, the formic acid content is increased by 0.0338-0.0501%, and the acetic acid content is increased by 0.0870-0.2389%, which shows that the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is beneficial to adjusting the pH value of intestinal flora and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria.

In the comparative example 2, the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared by adopting other traditional Chinese medicine composition formulas has the total polysaccharide content and the organic acid content lower than those of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared in the embodiment 7-9 of the application; comparative example 3 after fermentation using bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, the content of acetic acid was rather decreased.

Experimental example 2

In the experimental example, the feed using the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparations prepared in examples 7 to 11 as additives and the feed of comparative example 1 were statistically compared with each other with respect to relevant data on the productivity of sows.

In 2021, in a core pig farm in Jiaozuo city, Henan province, sows are cultured in a green ecological mode, antibiotics are not used, and the problems of long delivery period, more weak piglets, low survival rate in the lactation period, small weaning weight of piglets and the like generally exist. 60 pregnant sows in the same batch (the gestation period is 75-80 days) with similar gestation times are selected and randomly divided into 6 groups, each group comprises 10 pregnant sows, the groups 1-5 are sequentially fed with the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared in the application examples 7-11 as the feed of the additive, the group 6 is fed with the feed containing the comparative example 1, the feeding amount and the feeding mode of each group are controlled to be the same, and 3000g of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into each ton of the feed. The production index of the sows and piglets is recorded during the period of 60 consecutive days, namely the end of the lactation period (25 days of the average weaning day in the field), and is specifically shown in the following table 2.

TABLE 2 production Performance indices of sows and piglets in Experimental example 2

As can be seen from Table 2, compared with comparative example 1, after the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared by the preparation method of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period of examples 7-11 is taken, the birth process of the sows is shortened to 0.6-1.9 h, the litter size is improved by 0.9-2.5, the litter size is improved by 1.18-2.68, the litter weight is improved by 0.42-0.69 kg, and the survival rate in the lactation period is improved by 2.09% -4.87%. Test results show that the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation has a remarkable effect on improving the production performance of sows.

Experimental example 3

The body surfaces of sows (fed with the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared in application example 7) in group 1 of experiment example 2 were observed, wherein the body surfaces of sows before, after and 30 days after feeding were shown in fig. 1-3. As can be seen from the comparison of the graphs in Figs. 1 to 3, the body surface of the sow is obviously changed, and the phenomena of rough and disorderly body surface, chapped skin and the like of the sow due to the sub-health state are obviously improved, which shows that the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation provided by the invention has excellent effects of improving the immunity of the sow and improving the sub-health state.

Experimental example 4

The feces of the sows of group 1 in experimental example 2 (fed with the fermented chinese medicinal preparation prepared in application example 7) on days 0, 14 and 28 were sampled, and the intestinal flora diversity analysis was performed on the feces samples at three different time points by high-throughput sequencing, with the results shown in fig. 4 (note: fig. 4 includes 7 frames, each corresponding to seven alpha diversity indices, identified in the top gray area thereof, in each frame, the abscissa is the grouping label, group a is the result on day 0 of the experiment, group B is the result on day 14 of the experiment, group C is the result on day 28 of the experiment, and the ordinate is the value of the corresponding alpha diversity index).

As can be seen from fig. 4, in the fecal samples of the sows fed with the feed prepared by the method for preparing the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period of example 7, the Chao1 index and the observes species index were improved to some extent on day 14, and are remarkably improved on day 28, indicating that the abundance of intestinal flora is gradually and remarkably improved after the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation is used; the Shannon index and the Simpson index are also improved at the 14 th day and are obviously improved at the 28 th day, which shows that the diversity of intestinal colony is gradually and obviously improved after the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation is used; in addition, Pielou's evenness index shows the same variation trend, which shows that the distribution uniformity of intestinal flora is better after the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation is used.

Meanwhile, fecal samples of day 0, day 14 and day 28 of the sows in group 1 of Experimental example 2 were subjected to NMDS analysis of intestinal flora, and the results are shown in FIG. 5 (note: each dot in FIG. 5 represents a specimen, and dots of different colors indicate different specimens (groups). since NMDS is ranked, the closer (farther) the distance between two dots is considered, indicating the smaller (greater) the difference in microbial flora between the two specimens, can be approximated). The results in FIG. 5 show that: by using the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation, except for samples with large individual differences, on the 14 th day, the differences of the microbial communities in the intestinal tracts of different individuals are gradually reduced, and on the 28 th day, the differences of the microbial communities in the intestinal tracts of different individuals are further reduced (the differences are obvious), which indicates that the intestinal flora can gradually tend to be consistent by using the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation.

In addition, fecal samples from day 0, day 14 and day 28 of the sows in group 1 of Experimental example 2 were sequenced and the population composition of the intestinal flora of the sows was analyzed at phylum and genus taxonomic levels, with the results shown in tables 3 and 4, respectively.

TABLE 3 analysis of sow intestinal flora level (%)

Item	Day 0	14 days	28 days
				Thick wall fungus door	89.77±2.90a	89.76±4.43a	80.96±4.83b
Bacteroides door	11.23±1.04a	7.43±1.08b	11.08±0.98a
				Firmicutes/bacteroidetes	11.62±1.53a	8.06±0.91b	7.36±0.76b

Note: the data in Table 3 are expressed in terms of mean values + -standard deviation, and the letters a and b are shoulder marks, which indicate whether there is significant difference between the data, the letters are the same and represent insignificant difference (P is greater than or equal to 0.05), and the shoulder marks are different and represent significant difference (P is less than or equal to 0.05).

As can be seen from Table 3, more than 90% of the intestinal flora of the sow are distributed in firmicutes and bacteroidetes, and the relative abundance of the firmicutes is remarkably reduced (P is less than or equal to 0.05) in 28 days after the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added; the relative abundance of Bacteroides is significantly reduced at day 14 (P.ltoreq.0.05) and returned to the level before use at day 28; the firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio decreased significantly (P.ltoreq.0.05) at day 14 and continued until day 28. The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation disclosed by the invention can improve the structure of intestinal flora, reduce the relative abundance of firmicutes in the intestinal flora of sows, and reduce the ratio of the firmicutes to bacteroidetes. Therefore, the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation disclosed by the invention can promote the absorption of nutrition of sows to a certain extent, prevent metabolic diseases of sows and the incidence of pathological obesity such as fatty liver and the like, has an important effect on the adjustment of body conditions (such as backfat thickness) of sows, and has an important guiding significance in production.

TABLE 4 analysis of the level of the intestinal flora (%)

Item	Day 0	14 days	28 days
				SMB53	28.10±2.29a	20.42±2.55b	16.25±2.85c
Lactobacillus	2.91±0.33c	12.83±1.40b	18.96±1.15a
				Oscillospira	2.35±0.29c	2.11±0.20b	1.82±0.17a

Note: the data in Table 4 are expressed in terms of mean values + -standard deviation, and the letters a, b, and c are shoulder marks, which indicate whether there is significant difference between the data, the letters are the same and represent insignificant difference (P ≧ 0.05), and the shoulder marks are different and represent significant difference (P ≦ 0.05).

As shown in table 4, the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention can significantly reduce the ratio of SMB53(SMB53 genus) and Oscillospira (oscillatoria genus), and significantly increase the abundance of Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus genus). The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation can improve the abundance of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts and reduce the abundance of part of harmful bacteria when being added into daily ration of sows.

The experimental examples show that the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation preparation can comprehensively improve the sub-health state of the sow and improve the health degree of the sow after being applied as the feed additive for the sow in the gestation period and/or the lactation period, so that the overall production performance of the sow is improved, and meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation preparation also has a remarkable effect on adjusting the micro-ecological balance of the intestinal flora of the sow.

Claims

1. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period is characterized by comprising the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 40-50 parts of angelica sinensis, 55-65 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 55-65 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 55-65 parts of poria cocos, 40-50 parts of prepared rehmannia rhizome, 30-40 parts of motherwort, 30-40 parts of glossy privet fruit, 30-40 parts of malt, 30-40 parts of dried orange peel and 30-40 parts of liquorice.

2. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 65 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 45 parts of angelica sinensis, 60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 60 parts of poria cocos, 45 parts of rehmannia glutinosa, 35 parts of motherwort, 35 parts of glossy privet fruit, 35 parts of malt, 35 parts of dried orange peel and 35 parts of liquorice.

3. A fermented Chinese medicinal preparation for sows in gestation and/or lactation is characterized by being mainly prepared from lactic acid bacteria and the Chinese medicinal composition for sows in gestation and/or lactation as claimed in claim 1 or 2; the lactobacillus is composed of lactobacillus plantarum and enterococcus faecium.

4. The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sow in the gestation period and/or the lactation period of claim 3, wherein the lactobacillus plantarum is prepared by plantingProviding lactobacillus faecium liquid, wherein the enterococcus faecium is provided by enterococcus faecium liquid; the volume of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid correspondingly adopted by every 60-70 g of astragalus membranaceus is 120-130 mL, and the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid is (1.0-10.0) multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL; the volume of the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid correspondingly adopted by every 60-70 g of astragalus is 120-130 mL, and the viable count of the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid is (1.0-10.0) multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL。

5. The fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the gestation period and/or the lactation period of the sow as claimed in claim 4, wherein the ratio of the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid to the viable count of the enterococcus faecium bacterial liquid is 1: 1, volume ratio of 1: 1.

6. the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the sows in the gestation period and/or the lactation period as claimed in claim 4, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition consists of the following traditional Chinese medicine components in parts by weight: 65 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 45 parts of angelica sinensis, 60 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 60 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 60 parts of poria cocos, 45 parts of rehmannia glutinosa, 35 parts of motherwort, 35 parts of glossy privet fruit, 35 parts of malt, 35 parts of dried orange peel and 35 parts of liquorice; the volume of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid correspondingly adopted by every 65g of astragalus is 125mL, and the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid is 5.0 multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL; the volume of enterococcus faecium liquid correspondingly adopted by every 65g of astragalus is 125mL, and the viable count of the enterococcus faecium liquid is 5.0 multiplied by 10 ⁶ CFU/mL。

7. A method for preparing a fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for a sow in a gestation period and/or a lactation period as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, which comprises the following steps: mixing the Chinese medicinal composition powder of 60-100 meshes with the lactic acid bacteria, and then sealing and fermenting to obtain the lactobacillus milk powder.

8. The method for preparing a fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the gestation period and/or the lactation period of the sow as claimed in claim 7, wherein the particle size of the traditional Chinese medicine composition powder is 80 meshes.

9. The method for preparing the fermented traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the gestation period and/or the lactation period of the sow as claimed in claim 7, wherein the temperature of the closed fermentation is 25-35 ℃ and the time is 3-7 days.