CN114847092A - Culture and application method of cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn - Google Patents
Culture and application method of cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/033—Flat containers for turf, lawn or the like, e.g. for covering roofs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture and application method of a cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing cavernous sludge-based soil A: adjusting the pH value of the dewatered sludge, and sintering for later use to prepare soil A; (2) preparing cavernous sludge-based soil B: adding auxiliary materials into the dewatered sludge, adjusting the pH, performing thermal hydrolysis treatment, adjusting the pH again after cell wall breaking to control the water content of the material, and performing aerobic fermentation treatment to prepare soil B; (3) culturing and applying the watering-free lawn: loading the spongy sludge-based soil A into a spongy sludge-based supporting layer, loading the spongy sludge-based soil B mixed with the soil A into a power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer, and attaching a turf layer to the sludge-based connecting layer. The design of the power storage structure prepared by the invention realizes the cultivation of the watering-free lawn through microcosmic and macroscopic processes, reduces the maintenance cost of the lawn, and truly realizes the aims of sludge treatment reduction, harmlessness and recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment and recycling, and particularly relates to a culture and application method of a cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn.
Background
The lawn has three-component cultivation and seven-component cultivation, and the maintenance management of the newly built lawn and the lawn which is already built needs to be strengthened, so that the reasonable fertilization and the timely irrigation are realized. The lawn maintenance principle is as follows: uniform, pure and green in all seasons. The maintenance management work mainly comprises the following steps: spraying water, fertilizing, pruning, removing impurities, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, ventilating and the like. The maintenance cost of the lawn is different, for example, the maintenance cost of square meters of golf green grass is more than 26-28 yuan per year, the ornamental lawn is generally more than 18 yuan per year, the manila lawn of high-grade hotels is generally more than 12-15 yuan, and the maintenance cost of common public green lands is generally more than 11-13 yuan. The early investment cost of a plurality of enterprises and public institutions can be borne, and the later maintenance cost is high. Therefore, the watering-free lawn becomes a maintenance technology which needs to be developed urgently in the future grass industry science.
The sludge of the sewage plant contains a large amount of water, rich organic matters, N, P, K and other nutrient elements, and also contains heavy metals, pathogenic bacteria and other harmful substances, if any discharge is not processed, the sludge not only pollutes the environment, but also pollutes resourcesIs seriously wasted. According to incomplete statistics, the domestic sewage discharge amount is 4474 multiplied by 10 7 m 3 And/d, more than 100 sewage treatment plants with different scales and different treatment degrees are provided. The sludge amount generated every day is about 0.5-10% of the sewage treatment amount, so that the development of a sponge sludge base which has low cost, good effect, no damage to the soil structure and easy implementation becomes necessary, the unstable heavy metal solidification is realized, and the resource utilization can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a culture and application method of a sponge body sludge-based watering-free lawn aiming at urgent needs of lawn maintenance and sludge treatment, solves maintenance work of water spraying, fertilization and ventilation in structure and function, greatly saves manpower and material resources, and has the advantages of high feasibility, simple and convenient operation, high controllability, high flexibility and realization of win-win of environmental protection and economic benefit.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a culture and application method of a cavernous body sludge base watering-free lawn comprises the following steps: the device comprises a sludge-based linking layer for planting a turf layer, and a sponge sludge-based supporting layer and a power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer which are positioned on the lower portion of the sludge-based linking layer, wherein the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer is positioned in the middle of the sponge sludge-based supporting layer.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cavernous sludge-based soil A: adjusting the pH value of the dewatered sludge, dewatering to reduce the water content of the material to be below 45%, and sintering for later use to prepare soil A;
(2) preparing cavernous sludge-based soil B: adding auxiliary materials into the dewatered sludge, adjusting the pH, performing thermal hydrolysis treatment, adjusting the pH again after cell wall breaking, controlling the water content of the material to be 40-60% after dehydration treatment, and performing aerobic fermentation treatment to prepare soil B;
(3) culturing and applying the watering-free lawn: loading the spongy sludge-based soil A into a spongy sludge-based supporting layer, loading the spongy sludge-based soil B mixed with the soil A into a power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer, and attaching a turf layer to the sludge-based connecting layer.
The sludge has high organic matter content, generates a large amount of gas in the sintering process, enables the sintered body to generate more holes, is beneficial to the sintered body in natural environment, has good water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability, obtains the sludge sintered body with low heavy metal content and leaching amount, and can select the sludge of industrial sewage treatment plants.
Further, the step (1) adjusts the pH of the dewatered sludge to 6.8 to 7.5.
Further, during the sintering treatment in the step (1), the preheating temperature is 370 ℃, the preheating time is 25 minutes, the sintering temperature is 800-.
Furthermore, the sintered material is naturally cooled after being sintered, and can be mixed with other organic materials for sintering, the minimum mixing mass of the sludge reaches 60 percent, and the organic matter content of the sintered material is not less than 35 percent.
Further, the auxiliary materials in the step (2) comprise one or more of calcium oxide, calcium carbonate and fly ash, and the adding volume ratio is 3-5%.
Further, adding auxiliary materials, stirring, adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5, carrying out thermal hydrolysis treatment at 75-80 ℃, keeping the pressure at 0.7-1.1 MPa and the temperature at 150-180 ℃ for 20-30 minutes.
Further, after cell wall breaking, adjusting the pH value to 6.8-7.2, after dehydration treatment, keeping the water content of the material at 40% -60%, putting the material into an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation device, recovering the waste heat of the sintering process, controlling the temperature to be 85-90 ℃, and fermenting for 12-15 days, wherein the water content of the completely decomposed material is below 30%.
Further, judging the humus content of the soil B in the step (2), wherein when the humus carbon content of the soil B is 9-13g/kg +/-0.5 g/kg, the mixing proportion of the soil A and the soil B is 2: 5; when the carbon content of the humus of the soil B is 4-7g/kg +/-0.5 g/kg, the mixing proportion of the soil A and the soil B is 1: 5.
Furthermore, the volume of the sponge sludge-based supporting layer below the turf layer in the step (3) accounts for 40%, the volume of the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer accounts for 60%, the turf layer is attached to the sludge-based connecting layer, and the minimum thickness of the turf is 18-22 cm.
Furthermore, the soil B can adopt a domestic sewage treatment plant with high organic matter content or be doped with organic matters of excrement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
this patent is through sintering and pyrohydrolysis with mud to and the cavernosum mud base of two kinds of different porosities is prepared to high temperature aerobic fermentation technology, avoids the lawn and punches ventilative step, and accessible cavernosum mud base provides sufficient oxygen for the rhizome. The invention relates to a sponge sludge-based watering-free lawn, which is characterized in that a sponge sludge-based supporting layer and a power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer are arranged at the lower part of a sludge-based connecting layer, the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer is positioned in the middle of the sponge sludge-based supporting layer, sponge sludge-based soil A with better water and oxygen permeability is filled into the sponge sludge-based supporting layer, sponge sludge-based soil B with high fertility and good water locking performance is mixed with the soil A and filled into the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer, a turf layer is attached to the sludge-based connecting layer, the turf layer continuously takes nutrition and moisture from the sponge supporting layer and the power-storage fermentation layer, and the lawn maintenance cost can be avoided by the design of the water locking capability and the power-storage application structure of the sponge sludge-based soil, so that the lawn has low cost and good effect, the spongy sludge base which does not damage the soil structure and is easy to implement can realize the solidification of unstable heavy metals and can be recycled.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-3 are schematic structural views of a sponge sludge matrix;
in the figure: 1-a turf layer; 2-sludge-based tie-up layer; 3-sponge sludge-based supporting layer; 4-accumulation sludge-based fermentation layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Example 1
The cultivation and application method of the municipal afforestation watering-free lawn comprises the following steps:
adjusting the pH value of the dewatered sludge to 6.8, fully stirring, dewatering to reduce the water content of the material to below 45%, sending the material into a sintering machine for sintering, preheating at 370 ℃ for 25 minutes, sintering at 800 ℃ for 20 minutes, naturally cooling after sintering, and mixing with other organic materials during sintering to prepare the soil A.
Adding calcium oxide as an auxiliary material into the dewatered sludge, adding the calcium oxide into the dewatered sludge in a volume ratio of 3%, adjusting the pH to 7.5 after stirring, performing thermal hydrolysis treatment at 75 ℃, keeping the pressure at 1.1MPa and the temperature at 150 ℃ for 20 minutes, adjusting the pH to 7 after cell wall breaking, enabling the water content of the material to be 40% after dehydration treatment, putting the material into an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation device, recovering the waste heat of a sintering process, controlling the temperature to be 85 ℃, and fermenting for 12 days.
As shown in figures 1-3, the cavernous body sludge base soil A with better water and oxygen permeability is filled into a cavernous sludge base supporting layer 3, the cavernous body sludge base soil B with high fertility and good water locking performance is mixed with the soil A and is filled into a power storage sludge base fermentation layer 4, a turf layer 1 is attached to a sludge base connecting layer 2, nutrition and moisture are continuously taken from the cavernous supporting layer and the power storage fermentation layer, and the lawn maintenance cost is avoided by the design of the water locking capability and power storage application structure of the cavernous body sludge base soil.
Specifically, the mixing ratio of the soil A to the soil B is 2: 5. The volume of the sponge sludge-based supporting layer 3 below the turf layer 1 accounts for 40%, the volume of the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer 4 accounts for 60%, the turf layer 1 is attached to the sludge-based connecting layer 2, and the minimum thickness of the turf is 18 cm. The total porosity of the soil A is 50% -60%, the organic matter content of the soil B is higher than 5%, the nitrogen content is higher than 0.2%, and the effective phosphorus content of the soil is higher than 50 mg/kg.
Example 2
The method for cultivating and applying the green lawn in a certain cell comprises the following steps:
adjusting the pH value of the dewatered sludge, dewatering to reduce the water content of the material to be below 45%, sintering at a preheating temperature of 370 ℃ for backup, for 25 minutes, at a sintering temperature of 900 ℃ for 35 minutes, and preparing soil A;
adding auxiliary materials of calcium carbonate and fly ash into the dewatered sludge in a ratio of 1: 1, adjusting the pH value to 8 and carrying out thermal hydrolysis treatment at 80 ℃ under the condition that the adding volume accounts for 3 percent, and keeping the state of pressure of 1MPa and temperature of 180 ℃ for 25 minutes. After cell wall breaking, adjusting the pH value to 7 again, controlling the water content of the material to be 40-60% after dehydration treatment, performing aerobic fermentation treatment, controlling the temperature to be 85 ℃, and fermenting for 12 days to prepare soil B;
the spongy sludge-based soil A is filled into the spongy sludge-based supporting layer 3, the spongy sludge-based soil B is mixed with the soil A and is filled into the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer 4, and the turf layer 1 is attached to the sludge-based connecting layer 2. The carbon content of the humus of the soil B is about 9g/kg +/-0.5 g/kg, and the mixing proportion of the soil A to the soil B is 2: 5.
The volume of the sponge sludge-based supporting layer 3 below the turf layer accounts for 40%, the volume of the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer 4 accounts for 60%, the turf layer 1 is attached to the sludge-based connection layer 2, the minimum thickness of the turf is 21cm, and excrement can be generally added to ensure high fertility in a small area during preparation of the lawn soil B. The total porosity of the soil A is 50-60%. The content of organic matters in the soil B is higher than 5%, the content of nitrogen is higher than 0.2%, and the content of available phosphorus in the soil B is higher than 50 mg/kg.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A culture and application method of a cavernous body sludge base watering-free lawn is characterized in that the cavernous body sludge base watering-free lawn comprises the following steps: a sludge-based linking layer for planting a turf layer, a sponge sludge-based supporting layer and a power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer, wherein the sponge sludge-based supporting layer and the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer are positioned at the lower part of the sludge-based linking layer, the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer is positioned in the middle of the sponge sludge-based supporting layer,
the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cavernous sludge-based soil A: adjusting the pH value of the dewatered sludge, dewatering to reduce the water content of the materials to be below 45%, and sintering for later use to prepare soil A;
(2) preparing cavernous sludge-based soil B: adding auxiliary materials into the dewatered sludge, adjusting the pH, performing thermal hydrolysis treatment, adjusting the pH again after cell wall breaking, controlling the water content of the material to be 40-60% after dehydration treatment, and performing aerobic fermentation treatment to prepare soil B;
(3) culturing and applying the watering-free lawn: filling sponge sludge-based soil A into the sponge sludge-based supporting layer, filling the sponge sludge-based soil B mixed with the soil A into the power-storage sludge-based fermentation layer, and attaching the turf layer to the sludge-based connecting layer.
2. The culture and application method of the cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH of the dewatered sludge in the step (1) is adjusted to 6.8-7.5.
3. The culture and application method of the cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheating temperature is 370 ℃, the preheating time is 25 minutes, the sintering temperature is 800 ℃ and 1000 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-35 minutes during the sintering treatment in step (1).
4. The culture and application method of the sponge sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lawn is naturally cooled after sintering, and can be mixed with other organic materials during sintering, the minimum mixing mass of the sludge reaches 60%, and the organic matter content of the sintering material is not less than 35%.
5. The culture and application method of the cavernous body sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary material in the step (2) comprises one or more of calcium oxide, calcium carbonate and fly ash, and the adding volume ratio is 3-5%.
6. The culture and application method of the cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 5, wherein the auxiliary materials are added in the step (2) and stirred, the pH is adjusted to 7.5-8.5, and the thermal hydrolysis treatment is carried out at 75-80 ℃, the pressure is 0.7-1.1 MPa, and the temperature is 150-180 ℃ and then the temperature is kept for 20-30 minutes.
7. The culture and application method of the cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pH value is adjusted to 6.8-7.2 after the cell wall is broken in the step (2), the water content of the material is 40% -60% after dehydration treatment, the material is put into an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation device, the waste heat of the sintering process is recovered, the temperature is controlled to 85-90 ℃, the fermentation is carried out for 12-15 days, and the water content of the completely decomposed material is below 30%.
8. The culture and application method of the cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil B in the step (2) is subjected to humus content determination, and when the humus content of the soil B is 9-13g/kg ± 0.5g/kg, the mixing ratio of the soil A to the soil B is 2: 5; when the carbon content of the humus of the soil B is 4-7g/kg +/-0.5 g/kg, the mixing proportion of the soil A and the soil B is 1: 5.
9. The culture and application method of the cavernous sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cavernous sludge-based supporting layer under the lawn layer in step (3) accounts for 40% in volume, the accumulating sludge-based fermented layer accounts for 60% in volume, and the minimum thickness of the lawn is 18-22 cm.
10. The culture and application method of the cavernous body sludge-based watering-free lawn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil B is a domestic sewage treatment plant with high organic matter content, or is doped with organic matter components of feces and kitchen waste.
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