CN112551824B - Vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device and method for sludge treatment - Google Patents
Vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device and method for sludge treatment Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment, which comprises an air heater, an open pipe, a treatment tank, a collecting pipe and wetland plants, wherein the air heater is connected with the treatment tank through the open pipe, the sludge pipe is arranged above the treatment tank, a filter layer is arranged in the treatment tank, the filter layer comprises a plant carbon source filling layer, a coarse sand filling layer, a fine sand filling layer, a zeolite filling layer, a ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and a gravel filling layer, the plant carbon source filling layer, the coarse sand filling layer, the fine sand filling layer, the zeolite filling layer, the ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and the gravel filling layer are sequentially laid from top to bottom, the collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank, a water outlet of the collecting pipe extends out of the treatment tank, and the wetland plants are planted in sludge to be treated in the treatment tank. The cold air is heated by the air heater and then is conveyed into the treatment tank through the through pipe, so that the drying treatment of the sludge is accelerated, the phenomenon of withering of wetland plants in winter is reduced, and the sewage in the sludge is reused after treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sewage treatment technology in environmental protection, in particular to a vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device and a method for sludge treatment.
Background
With the rapid improvement of sewage treatment capability in China, the amount of sludge generated by sewage treatment plants is synchronously and greatly increased. About 80% of these sludges are not properly treated, the problems of pollution and recontamination are of constant social concern, and the sludge treatment and disposal market must step into a rapid development stage. According to the sludge treatment requirements of 'green, environment-friendly, circulating and low carbon', the development and selection of proper technology according to local conditions are particularly important. The traditional sludge composting technology has the defects of high cost and worry about agricultural safety, the digestion technology has the defect of high operating cost, the emerging incineration technology has high investment and complex technology, and the sludge landfill generally adopted in China is more and more strictly limited. Thus, sludge treatment requires a combination of technical, economic and environmental considerations.
The sludge contains rich organic matters, nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, copper, iron and the like which are necessary for the growth of plants, and can promote the growth of wetland plants, and the wetland plants can promote the stabilization and the harmlessness of the sludge in the growth process. The stable and harmless sludge can be used as a fertilizer to improve the soil structure, increase the soil fertility and promote the growth of plants, and is expected to solve the contradiction between the reduction of the soil fertility and the land utilization and soil culture caused by the current excessive application of inorganic fertilizers. The following problems are generally encountered in the existing wetland sludge treatment process: 1. the temperature is lower in winter, and the sludge drying degree is slow; 2. the plants are easy to wither and die, so that the whole system is easy to damage, and the treatment efficiency of the traditional sewage treatment device is low; 3. the sludge of the traditional sewage treatment process is directly buried to cause environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device for sludge treatment. The device adopts the air heater to connect the body pipe, the body pipe is connected with the treatment tank, the air is treated by the air heater to accelerate the drying treatment of the sludge, meanwhile, the phenomenon of withering and death of wetland plants in winter is reduced, and the ecological stability in the tank is maintained.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for sludge treatment. The method has the advantages of simple operation, energy and energy conservation and high treatment benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment comprises an air heater, a through pipe, a treatment tank, a collecting pipe and wetland plants, wherein the air heater is connected with the treatment tank through the through pipe, a sludge pipe is arranged above the treatment tank, a filter layer is arranged in the treatment tank, the filter layer comprises a plant carbon source filling layer, a coarse sand filling layer, a fine sand filling layer, a zeolite filling layer, a ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and a gravel filling layer, the plant carbon source filling layer, the coarse sand filling layer, the fine sand filling layer, the zeolite filling layer, the ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and the gravel filling layer are sequentially laid from top to bottom, the collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank, a water outlet of the collecting pipe extends out of the treatment tank, and the wetland plants are planted in sludge to be treated in the treatment tank;
the utility model discloses a wetland treatment device, including wetland plants, general body pipe, air heater, first general body pipe, second general body pipe, the general body pipe includes first general body pipe and second general body pipe, the one end and the air heater of first general body pipe are connected, the other end and the lower extreme of second general body pipe of first general body pipe are connected, first general body pipe sets up in handling the pond, and is located the below of wetland plants, the pending mud that treats of handling the pond is stretched out to the upper end of second general body pipe.
Preferably, the air heater comprises a solar heat collector, a heater, a cold air pipe, a hot air pipe, a preheater and an air blower, the solar heat collector is connected with the heater, an air inlet of the solar heat collector is connected with one end of the heater through the cold air pipe, the other end of the heater is connected with the hot air pipe, the hot air pipe is connected with the air blower through the preheater, and the air blower is connected with the first through pipe.
Preferably, the solar heat collector is provided with a shifting sheet.
Preferably, the quantity of first siphunculus is 5 ~ 20, lay in the processing pond mutually parallel and level between the first siphunculus, the lower extreme and the first siphunculus union coupling of second siphunculus, the upper end of second siphunculus stretches out pending mud and is parallel with the pool wall of processing pond.
Preferably, the tube wall of the collecting tube is provided with a hole.
Preferably, one end of the collecting pipe extends out of the wall of the treatment tank, and the slope of the collecting pipe is 0.5-1.5% of the slope of the collecting pipe.
A method based on the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, pumping sludge into a treatment tank, forming a first mud cake layer after the sludge is precipitated for 4-7 days, and transplanting wetland plants into the treatment tank;
step S2, starting an air heater to heat cold air, sending hot air obtained after heating into a general tube to heat a first mud cake layer, and finishing primary treatment on the first mud cake layer by combining the sunlight irradiation and plant transpiration;
s3, when the height of the plant reaches 60-80 cm, injecting sludge with the thickness of 45-45 cm again, filtering the sludge by a treatment tank to form a second mud cake layer, reducing the output power of a solar heater, and storing solar energy by a storage battery in the solar heater;
and step S4, after the first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer are treated for 45-50 days, leachate in the sludge permeates into the gravel filling layer and flows into the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe collects the leachate to be discharged to a natural water body, and the first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer are removed.
Preferably, in the step S1, the thickness of the pumped sludge is 25-35 cm, the planting density of wetland plants is 4-8 plants per square meter, and the planting depth does not exceed the coarse sand filling layer.
Preferably, in step S4, a crushed stone layer with a thickness of 10-30 cm is wrapped on the outer wall of the tube body of the collecting tube, and the diameter of the crushed stone in the crushed stone layer is 4-6 cm.
Preferably, the wetland plant is calamus flavus or pampasgrass and reed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device for sludge treatment, which adopts an air heater to connect a body pipe, wherein the body pipe is connected with a treatment tank, cold air is heated by the air heater and then is conveyed into the treatment tank through the body pipe, thereby accelerating the drying treatment of sludge, reducing the withering phenomenon of wetland plants in winter, treating sewage in the sludge in the treatment tank and then flowing into a collecting pipe, and recycling the collected sewage after being discharged by the collecting pipe.
2. The vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device for sludge treatment adopts the air heater to effectively utilize clean energy of light energy to heat air, and the heated air is conveyed to the treatment tank through the through pipe, so that the sludge purification efficiency is accelerated, the ecological stability in the tank is maintained, the service life is longer, the effect of environmental treatment is remarkable, and the energy is saved without pollution.
3. The invention relates to a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment, which adopts a filter layer to treat cement, the decomposition reaction of microorganisms in the filter layer from top to bottom is converted from aerobic to anaerobic, the total nitrogen treatment efficiency in sludge is increased, a plant carbon source layer in the filter layer provides sufficient energy for the decomposition of the microorganisms and effectively catalyzes the accelerated reaction of the microorganisms, a zeolite filling layer, a ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and a gravel filling layer in the filter layer adsorb sewage, and a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage are removed and discharged to a ditch.
4. The vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device for sludge treatment has the advantages that the zeolite filling layer, the ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and the gravel filling layer are adopted, the construction cost is low, the treatment effect on activated sludge is good, wetland plants can be planted as cash crops, the vertical subsurface flow type constructed wetland device is suitable for large-area treatment of rural sewage residual sludge, and the treatment benefit is high.
5. The method for treating the sludge is simple to operate, short in sludge treatment period by batch, high in efficiency, free of pollution, energy-saving and energy-saving, and good in economic benefit of treating the sludge.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a treatment tank of a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment according to the present invention.
The system comprises a solar heat collector 1, a treatment tank 2, a sludge pipe 3, an air inlet 4, a through pipe 5, a first through pipe 501, a second through pipe 502, an air blower 6, a preheater 7, a shifting sheet 8, a ventilating pipe 9, a cold air pipe 901, a hot air pipe 902, a heater 10, a collecting pipe 11, a gravel filling layer 12, a ceramsite biological filter filling layer 13, a zeolite filling layer 14, a fine sand filling layer 15, a coarse sand filling layer 16, a plant carbon source layer 17, a mud cake layer 18, a mud water layer 19 and wetland plants 20.
Detailed Description
The following describes the object of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment comprises an air heater, an open pipe, a treatment tank, a collecting pipe and wetland plants, wherein the air heater is connected with the treatment tank through the open pipe, a sludge pipe is arranged above the treatment tank, the open end of the sludge pipe faces the treatment tank, a plant carbon source filling layer, a coarse sand filling layer, a fine sand filling layer, a zeolite filling layer, a ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and a gravel filling layer are arranged in the treatment tank, the plant carbon source filling layer, the coarse sand filling layer, the fine sand filling layer, the zeolite filling layer, the ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and the gravel filling layer are sequentially laid from top to bottom, the collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank, a water outlet of the collecting pipe extends out of the treatment tank, and the wetland plants are planted in sludge to be treated in the treatment tank. The sludge is gradually dried under the action of gravity, the action of evapotranspiration and the action of transpiration respiration of plants, part of organic substances of water in the sludge is absorbed by surface layer plants, a mud cake layer in the sludge has strong microbial reaction under the condition of sufficient supply of plant carbon sources, the upper part of the treatment tank forms aerobic, the lower part of the treatment tank forms an anaerobic environment, and nitrogen elements in percolate are effectively removed through nitrification and denitrification. The air heater conveys hot air to the treatment tank, accelerates sludge purification efficiency, reduces the withering phenomenon of wetland plants in winter, maintains ecological stability in the tank, has longer service life and has obvious effect on environmental management.
The utility model discloses a wetland treatment device, including wetland plants, general body pipe, air heater, first general body pipe, second general body pipe, the general body pipe includes first general body pipe and second general body pipe, the one end and the air heater of first general body pipe are connected, the other end and the lower extreme of second general body pipe of first general body pipe are connected, first general body pipe sets up in handling the pond, and is located the below of wetland plants, the pending mud that treats of handling the pond is stretched out to the upper end of second general body pipe. The air is heated by the air heater and then conveyed to the through pipe, the first through pipe is located in the middle of the treatment tank, the hot air in the first through pipe provides heat for microorganisms in the treatment tank, the activity of the microorganisms is enhanced, drying treatment of sludge is accelerated, after the upper portion of the treatment tank is heated by the through pipe, the phenomenon of withering and death of wetland plants in winter is reduced, the collecting pipe collects percolate filtered from the sludge and discharges the percolate to the reservoir, and the percolate is reused for irrigating crops.
The air heater comprises a solar heat collector, a heater, a cold air pipe, a hot air pipe, a preheater and an air blower, wherein the solar heat collector is connected with the heater, the solar heat collector collects heat emitted by sunlight, the collected and processed heat can also be used for heating air, meanwhile, solar clean energy is converted into electric energy, a storage battery is further arranged in the solar heat collector and used for storing the electric energy, and the solar heat collector is convenient to provide the electric energy for the heater under the condition that the sunlight does not exist. The air inlet of the solar heat collector is connected with one end of the heater through the cold air pipe, the cold air enters the heater through the cold air pipe, the heater carries out heating treatment on the cold air, the other end of the heater is connected with the hot air pipe, the heated hot air enters the hot air pipe, the hot air pipe is connected with the air blower through the preheater, the hot air enters the preheater to be preheated, the preheater enables the hot air to maintain a certain temperature all the time, the hot air of the preheater is transmitted to the air blower, the air blower is connected with the first through pipe, and the air blower rotates to apply pressure to press the hot air into the first through pipe. The hot air heating treatment pond in first siphunculus and the second siphunculus improves dissolved oxygen content in the filtering ponds, strengthens the microbial action, improves plant activity winter, prevents that the withered plant from leading to the siltation of a large amount of humus on mud surface. This device adopts the heater effectively to utilize the clean energy of light energy heating air, and the air is carried to the treatment tank through the entire body pipe, with higher speed mud purification efficiency, reduces winter wetland plant withers and dies the phenomenon, maintains ecological stability in the pond, pollution-free, and possess longer service life, is showing the environmental improvement effect.
The solar thermal collector is provided with a shifting sheet, the shifting sheet is used for adjusting a solar panel on the solar thermal collector, the shifting sheet adjusts the irradiated angle of the solar panel according to the emitting angle of sunlight, the absorption efficiency of the sunlight is increased, and therefore the storage energy of the storage battery is increased.
The quantity of first siphunculus is 5 ~ 20, lay in the processing pond mutually parallel and level between the first siphunculus, the lower extreme and the first siphunculus union coupling of second siphunculus, the upper end of second siphunculus stretches out pending mud and parallel with the pool wall of processing pond. The first through pipes are arranged between the fine sand filling layer and the coarse sand filling layer, the upper portion and the lower portion of the treatment pool can be connected with hot air, the heat distribution in the treatment pool is balanced by the aid of the first through pipes, microbial activity in the treatment pool is enhanced, impurity adsorption of microbes in percolate is promoted, wetland plant growth is promoted, wetland plants are not easy to attack by cold air, and the death rate of the wetland plants is reduced.
The plant carbon source filling layer is a waste mixture of corncobs, citrus leaves and rice husks, the thickness of the filling layer is 8-15 cm, and the thickness of the coarse sand filling layer and the thickness of the fine sand filling layer are both 25-35 cm. The plants absorb part of phosphorus substances and organic substances in the sludge, the plant carbon source layer provides sufficient energy for the activity of microorganisms, and the coarse sand filling layer and the fine sand filling layer are used for filtering organic substances and impurities in the percolate. The zeolite filling layer is chabazite, the diameter of the chabazite is 3-6 cm, the thickness of the chabazite is 35-45 cm, and the chabazite is used for softening hard water, adsorbing metal ions in percolate and adsorbing radioactive pollutants in the percolate. The diameter of particles in the ceramsite microorganism filter material filling layer is 3-5 cm, the thickness of the ceramsite microorganism filter material is 55-65 cm, the ceramsite microorganism filter material filling layer is high in dirt intercepting capability, and the quality of treated effluent is high. The gravel filling layer is calcite, the diameter of the calcite is 4-16 cm, and the thickness of the calcite is 60-100 cm. The calcite can filter the impurities remained in the percolate and can adsorb the peculiar smell substances in the percolate. The device adopts a plant carbon source filling layer, a coarse sand filling layer, a fine sand filling layer, a zeolite filling layer, a ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and a gravel filling layer, the total nitrogen in the sludge is treated by the aerobic-to-anaerobic conversion of the decomposition reaction of microorganisms from top to bottom, the plant carbon source layer provides sufficient energy for the decomposition of the microorganisms and effectively catalyzes the accelerated reaction of the microorganisms, the zeolite filling layer, the ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and the gravel filling layer adsorb sewage, and a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage are removed and discharged in a ditch. The treatment effect on the activated sludge is good, and the wetland plants planted at the same time can be used as cash crops, so that the method is suitable for large-area treatment of the rural sewage excess sludge, and the treatment benefit is high.
The pipe wall of collecting pipe is equipped with the hole, the diameter of hole is 3 ~ 5mm, and this hole is used for collecting filtration liquid, and filtration liquid flows into the collecting pipe, discharges into the cistern through the collecting pipe, and the cistern utilizes the infiltration to be used for watering, and the one end of penetrant collecting pipe is connected with the pool wall counterbalance of handling the pond, the slope that the other end of penetrant collecting pipe stretches out the pool wall of handling the pond and the downward sloping is 0.5 ~ 1.5%. The design of the inclined slope is adopted, so that the percolate can be discharged into the reservoir more quickly.
A method based on the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, pumping sludge into a treatment tank, forming a first mud cake layer after the sludge is precipitated for 4-7 days, allowing the residual sewage to enter a filter layer to form percolate, and transplanting wetland plants into the treatment tank; the first mud cake layer after the precipitation has a compact soil structure and has proper planting conditions, so that the wetland plants are prevented from being transplanted too fast, and the wetland plants cannot survive.
Step S2, starting an air heater to heat cold air, sending hot air obtained after heating into a general tube to heat a first mud cake layer, and finishing primary treatment on the first mud cake layer by combining the sunlight irradiation and plant transpiration; the hot air enters the second through pipe through the first through pipe, so that the microbial activity in the treatment tank is increased, the impurities in the sewage treated by the microbes are improved, the efficient drying treatment of the sludge is realized, the frost resistance of wetland plants is enhanced, and the death of the wetland plants is avoided.
S3, when the height of the plant reaches 60-80 cm, injecting sludge with the thickness of 45-45 cm again, filtering the sludge by a treatment tank to form a second mud cake layer, reducing the output power of a solar heater, and storing solar energy by a storage battery in the solar heater; the freezing resistance and the adsorption capacity of wetland plants after growing up are enhanced, the survival rate is increased, thick sludge can be treated at one time, the percolate in the sludge flows into the collecting pipe through the filter layer, the percolate reaches the discharge standard after being treated by the filter layer, and the percolate is discharged to the reservoir or is discharged to a natural water body.
And step S4, after the first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer are treated for 45-50 days, leachate in the sludge permeates into the gravel filling layer and flows into the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe collects the leachate to be discharged to a natural water body, and the first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer are removed. The first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer can reach the landfill standard after being treated, or the first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer are secondarily processed by a factory to prepare a ceramsite biological filter material which is used as a filler of other sludge treatment tanks for secondary application.
In step S1, the thickness of the pumped sludge is 25-35 cm, the planting density of wetland plants is 4-8 plants per square meter, the planting density is distributed according to the tank diameter of the wetland plants, the too tight planting results in the reduction of the photosynthesis area of the wetland plants, the growth and the inventory are not facilitated, the too loose planting results in the inability of the wetland plants to effectively adsorb metal and impurities in the sludge, the planting depth does not exceed a coarse sand filling layer, and the roots of the wetland plants are buried in coarse sand, so that the wetland plants die due to the poor planting environment.
In step S4, a layer of gravel with a thickness of 10-30 cm is wrapped on the outer wall of the tube body of the collecting tube, and the diameter of the gravel in the layer of gravel is 4-6 cm. The crushed stone is calcite which can filter the residual impurities and peculiar smell substances in the percolate. The fine calcite forms a plurality of holes, reduces the velocity of flow of filtration liquid to impurity in the filtration liquid obtains more decomposition time, and the rivers after the processing flow in the collecting pipe also accords with the quality of water standard of reuse.
The wetland plant is calamus flavus or pampas grass/reed. The yellow flag or the pampas grass/reed has low price, but strong heavy metal adsorption capacity, obvious environment adaptation capacity and is more economical and practical.
The above treatment method is adopted. Simple operation, short sludge treatment period in batches, high efficiency, no pollution, energy and energy conservation and good economic benefit for sludge treatment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment is characterized in that: the device comprises an air heater, an open pipe, a treatment tank, a collecting pipe and wetland plants, wherein the air heater is connected with the treatment tank through the open pipe, a sludge pipe is arranged above the treatment tank, a filter layer is arranged in the treatment tank, the filter layer comprises a plant carbon source filling layer, a coarse sand filling layer, a fine sand filling layer, a zeolite filling layer, a ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and a gravel filling layer, the plant carbon source filling layer, the coarse sand filling layer, the fine sand filling layer, the zeolite filling layer, the ceramsite biological filter material filling layer and the gravel filling layer are sequentially laid from top to bottom, the collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank, a water outlet of the collecting pipe extends out of the treatment tank, and the wetland plants are planted in sludge to be treated in the treatment tank;
the aeration device comprises an aeration tank, a wetland plant, a wetland treatment tank, a treatment pond, a first aeration pipe, a second aeration pipe, a third aeration pipe and a fourth aeration pipe, wherein the aeration tank is arranged in the treatment pond, the first aeration pipe is arranged in the treatment pond and is positioned below the wetland plant, and the upper end of the second aeration pipe extends out of sludge to be treated in the treatment pond;
the air heater comprises a solar heat collector, a heater, a cold air pipe, a hot air pipe, a preheater and an air blower, wherein the solar heat collector is connected with the heater;
the quantity of first siphunculus is 5 ~ 20, lay in the processing pond mutually parallel and level between the first siphunculus, the lower extreme and the first siphunculus union coupling of second siphunculus, the upper end of second siphunculus stretches out pending mud and parallel with the pool wall of processing pond.
2. The vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment as recited in claim 1, wherein: the solar heat collector is provided with a shifting sheet.
3. The vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment as recited in claim 1, wherein: the pipe wall of the collecting pipe is provided with holes.
4. The vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment as recited in claim 3, wherein: one end of the collecting pipe extends out of the wall of the treatment tank, and the slope of the collecting pipe is 0.5-1.5% of the slope of the collecting pipe.
5. The method for the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland device for sludge treatment as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, pumping sludge into a treatment tank, forming a first mud cake layer after the sludge is precipitated for 4-7 days, and transplanting wetland plants into the treatment tank;
step S2, starting an air heater to heat cold air, sending hot air obtained after heating into a general tube to heat a first mud cake layer, and finishing primary treatment on the first mud cake layer by combining the sunlight irradiation and plant transpiration;
s3, when the height of the plant reaches 60-80 cm, injecting sludge with the thickness of 45-45 cm again, filtering the sludge by a treatment tank to form a second mud cake layer, reducing the output power of a solar heater, and storing solar energy by a storage battery in the solar heater;
and step S4, after the first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer are treated for 45-50 days, leachate in the sludge permeates into the gravel filling layer and flows into the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe collects the leachate to be discharged to a natural water body, and the first mud cake layer and the second mud cake layer are removed.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in step S1, the thickness of the pumped sludge is 25-35 cm, the planting density of wetland plants is 4-8 plants per square meter, and the planting depth does not exceed the coarse sand filling layer.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: in step S4, a layer of gravel with a thickness of 10-30 cm is wrapped on the outer wall of the tube body of the collecting tube, and the diameter of the gravel in the layer of gravel is 4-6 cm.
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