CN114830972A - Method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of development and utilization of plant resources. The method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: (1) in autumn of the first year, digging a planting ditch in a planting field with the drainage ditch, broadcasting desert cistanche seeds on the soil at the bottom of the planting ditch and on the two sides of the planting ditch, then planting atriplex canescens in the planting ditch, backfilling the soil on the two sides of the planting ditch into the planting ditch, and performing conventional field management; (2) desert cistanche is collected in autumn in the next year. The cistanche seeds are broadcast and sown simultaneously when the atriplex canescens seedlings are planted, and the ditching and the inoculation of the cistanche are not needed again in the second year, so that the working procedure is saved, and the planting cost is greatly saved; the mode is more convenient for mechanical use, and can further reduce labor cost; by adopting the mode of harvesting the cistanche deserticola one year after one year, the cistanche deserticola can grow for enough time, the land utilization rate can be greatly improved, and the annual output of a unit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of development and utilization of plant resources, in particular to a method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil.
Background
Cistanche deserticola is a rare Chinese herbal medicine, is originally produced in Xinjiang and inner Mongolia and is known as desert ginseng. Cistanche deserticola is a species of cistanche genus, and the plant as the source of medicinal materials was first recorded in Ben Cao gang mu. In 2020, desert cistanche passes the medicine and food homology certification of the national food and drug administration, and has good popularization prospect in the healthy food market. Desert cistanche contains phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoid, betaine, polysaccharide and other components beneficial to human body, and has the effects of invigorating kidney yang, replenishing essence and blood, improving immunity, delaying aging, improving nervous system, loosening bowel to relieve constipation, etc. As medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines and foods, people can condition the physical state through daily diet, and have two aspects of eating and health care, thereby having important significance for improving the quality of public life and health preserving.
The traditional host plant of cistanche deserticola is haloxylon ammodendron. Recent studies have found that cistanche deserticola can also parasitize at the root of atriplex canescens. Atriplex canescens, a family Chenopodiaceae, is a perennial shrub with high resistance to drought, low temperatures and saline and alkaline. The salt concentration of 1% has certain promotion effect on the growth and development of atriplex canescens. The atriplex canescens has a special salt secretion function, salt absorbed by root systems can be secreted out through salt glands on the surfaces of leaves, so that the aim of soil desalination is fulfilled, and the atriplex canescens is also a high-quality high-protein feed. The cistanche deserticola can parasitize at the root of the atriplex canescens, and the cistanche deserticola growing on the atriplex canescens has higher yield and better quality. However, the existing technical method for inoculating the desert cistanche to the atriplex canescens is suitable for northwest arid desert regions, specifically, in the first year, a host is allowed to grow to reach a certain biomass, and then the desert cistanche is inoculated to ensure the yield, but the method needs to dig ditches for many times, has large labor amount and is not beneficial to large-area popularization and application. The soil and climate conditions in the yellow river delta area are greatly different from those in northwest arid desert areas, and the area has large rainfall capacity and high soil salt content. The method of firstly growing the host to a certain biomass in the first year and then inoculating the cistanche is adopted, so that the cistanche seeds are difficult to be fully contacted with the atriplex canescens root system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows: the method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
(1) in the first year, digging a planting ditch in a planting field with a drainage ditch, broadcasting desert cistanche seeds on the soil at the bottom of the planting ditch and on two sides of the planting ditch, then planting atriplex canescens in the planting ditch, backfilling the soil on two sides of the planting ditch into the planting ditch, and performing conventional field management;
(2) and harvesting desert cistanche in the next year.
Furthermore, the interval of escape canal is 20m, and the ditch width is 80 ~ 100cm, and the ditch depth is 80 ~ 100 cm.
Further, the first year is the first autumn, and the second year is the second autumn.
Furthermore, the planting field is saline soil or sandy loam, the land is flat, the topography is high, and the drainage is good; the soil salt content of the planting field is less than or equal to 0.6 percent.
Furthermore, the height of the atriplex canescens is 40-50 cm, the root length is 20-30 cm, and the root system is intact.
Furthermore, the diameter of the desert cistanche seeds is larger than 0.5mm, the seeds are full and have no impurities, and the color is deep.
Furthermore, the row spacing of the planting furrows is 1m, the furrow width is 28-32 cm, and the furrow depth is 28-32 cm.
Further, the planting distance of the atriplex canescens is 30 cm; the sowing amount of the cistanche deserticola seeds is 180-200 g/mu.
Further, before broadcasting, the cistanche deserticola seeds are refrigerated for promoting germination through wintering and are uniformly mixed with fine sandy soil with the humidity of 60 percent.
Further, before digging the planting furrows, applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with the dosage of 40 kg/mu in the planting field, and carrying out rotary tillage with the rotary tillage depth of 30 cm.
Further, when soil on two sides of the planting ditch is backfilled, watering in the planting ditch with water consumption of 5-8 tons/mu is further included.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) the cistanche seeds are broadcast and sown simultaneously when the atriplex canescens seedlings are planted, and the ditching and the inoculation of the cistanche are not needed again in the second year, so that the working procedure is saved, and the planting cost is greatly saved; the mode is more convenient for the use of machinery, and can further reduce the labor cost.
(2) The invention adopts the waterlogging prevention measures such as the drainage ditch, relieves the influence of waterlogging damage on the growth of the atriplex canescens in summer, ensures the luxuriant foliage of the atriplex canescens and provides sufficient nutrients for the cistanche parasitized at the root of the atriplex canescens.
(3) The invention adopts a cultivation mode of planting atriplex canescens and cistanche salsa in autumn of the first year and harvesting cistanche salsa in autumn of the second year, and the cistanches are harvested once a year (generally, the atriplex canescens in northwest arid areas of China are planted for 2-3 years and then inoculated and can be harvested for 3-4 years), so that the cistanche salsa in desert can grow for enough time, the land utilization rate can be greatly improved, and the yield per year can be improved.
(4) Because the yellow river delta area has sufficient rainwater and proper temperature, the atriplex canescens grows rapidly. Secondly, the invention adopts annual atriplex canescens seedling for planting, and inoculates cistanche salsa while planting. The cultivation method that the host and the cistanche are planted simultaneously is adopted, so that the cistanche seeds are fully contacted with the atriplex canescens root system, and the cistanche inoculation rate is effectively improved.
(5) The cultivation method can ensure that the desert cistanche grows normally in saline-alkali soil of the yellow river delta, and has high yield and quality. The inoculation rate of the cistanche deserticola reaches 85.3 percent, the desert cistanche deserticola is 251.9kg per mu, the inoculation rate is high, and the yield is high. The sum of the contents of echinacoside and verbascoside in desert cistanche produced in the yellow river delta is 3.52% (specified in Chinese pharmacopoeia, the total content of echinacoside and verbascoside in cistanche is not less than 0.30% calculated according to dry products), and desert cistanche produced in the yellow river delta is higher than the requirement of the Chinese pharmacopoeia. The content of betaine reaches 14.27%, and the high content of betaine improves the salt tolerance and frost resistance of desert cistanche.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of cistanche deserticola and cistanche deserticola harvested in example 1 of the present invention, wherein A is cistanche deserticola and B is cistanche deserticola.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and materials in connection with which they pertain. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The cultivation method is suitable for the cultivation of desert cistanche in yellow river delta areas, and can realize the cultivation of desert cistanche in east China, Binzhou China, Weifang China and other fields.
Example 1
The method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
(1) land selection and leveling: selecting saline soil or sandy loam in yellow river delta region (east Shandong Ying), and using the plot with higher topography, better drainage and soil salt content not higher than 0.6% as a planting field; digging drainage ditches, wherein one drainage ditch is dug every 20m, the width of each ditch is 1m, and the depth of each ditch is 1m, so that a drainage channel is smooth; applying 40 kg/mu of common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer sold in the market, carrying out rotary tillage for 30cm, and leveling land parcels.
(2) Atriplex canescens nursery stock and desert cistanche seed selection
The atriplex canescens is the annual seedling, the height of the overground part is 40-50 cm, the root length is 20-30 cm, the root system is intact and is provided with mud, and the root is sealed and moisturized by plastic paper;
desert cistanche seeds are purchased from AlaRashan area of inner Mongolia, the diameter of the seeds is more than 0.5mm, the seeds are full and have no impurities, and the color is deep.
(3) Atriplex canescens planting and cistanche deserticola inoculation
In autumn of the first year (11 months), digging planting ditches by using a small-sized trencher, wherein soil dug out by the trencher is piled on two sides of the ditches, the row spacing of the planting ditches is 1m, the width of the ditches is 30cm, and the depth of the ditches is 30 cm;
uniformly spreading cistanche deserticola seeds (after the cistanche deserticola seeds are subjected to overwintering refrigeration germination promotion treatment, uniformly mixing with fine sandy soil with the humidity of 60%) at the bottom of the planting ditch and on the side, facing the pit, of the soil on the two sides of the planting ditch, wherein the using amount of the cistanche deserticola seeds is 200 g/mu;
placing the atriplex canescens seedlings in the middle of a planting ditch according to the plant spacing of 30cm (about 2200 plants planted per mu), backfilling soil with seeds on the surface layer of a soil pile into the planting ditch, watering the ditch when the depth of the soil backfilled in the planting ditch is about half (about 15cm), wherein the water consumption per mu is 7 tons, and after the water is fully absorbed by the soil, completely backfilling the remaining soil into the planting ditch, and treading.
(4) Conventional field management: weeding and draining stagnant water are well done during the growing period of the atriplex canescens, and timely drainage and no water accumulation are ensured when raining. Because the yellow river delta area has sufficient water and high soil nutrient, the atriplex canescens has luxuriant branches and leaves and is easy to infect the cabbage caterpillar, and the high-efficiency cyhalothrin, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole are sprayed to prevent and treat the cabbage caterpillar. Guard rails are built in winter, and animals such as hares are strictly prevented from gnawing by catching instruments.
(5) Harvesting desert cistanche: harvesting cistanche deserticola in autumn of the next year (11 months) by digging out the whole plant of atriplex canescens with a mini-excavator, shaking off the soil on the root system, and harvesting the cistanche deserticola completely, wherein the harvested cistanche deserticola and atriplex canescens are shown in figure 1, A is atriplex canescens and cistanche deserticola, and B is cistanche deserticola.
The branches and leaves of the atriplex canescens harvested are directly dried in the sun and used as dry feed or ensiled for silage.
Example 2
The method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
(1) land selection and leveling: selecting saline soil or sandy loam in yellow river delta region (Shandong Binshou), and using the plot with higher topography, better drainage and soil salt content not higher than 0.6% as a planting field; digging drainage ditches, wherein one drainage ditch is dug every 20m, the width of each ditch is 80cm, and the depth of each ditch is 80cm, so that a drainage channel is smooth; applying 40 kg/mu of common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer sold in the market, carrying out rotary tillage for 30cm, and leveling land parcels.
(2) Atriplex canescens nursery stock and desert cistanche seed selection
The atriplex canescens is the annual seedling, the height of the overground part is 40-50 cm, the root length is 20-30 cm, the root system is intact and is provided with mud, and the root is sealed and moisturized by plastic paper;
desert cistanche seeds are purchased from AlaRashan area of inner Mongolia, the diameter of the seeds is more than 0.5mm, the seeds are full and have no impurities, and the color is deep.
(3) Atriplex canescens planting and cistanche deserticola inoculation
In autumn of the first year (11 months), digging planting ditches by using a small-sized trencher, wherein soil dug out by the trencher is piled on two sides of the ditches, the row spacing of the planting ditches is 1m, the ditch width is 28cm, and the ditch depth is 32 cm; uniformly spreading cistanche deserticola seeds (after the cistanche deserticola seeds are subjected to overwintering refrigeration germination promotion treatment, uniformly mixing with fine sandy soil with the humidity of 60%) at the bottom of the planting ditch and on the side, facing the pit, of the soil on the two sides of the planting ditch, wherein the using amount of the cistanche deserticola seeds is 180 g/mu;
placing the atriplex canescens seedlings in the middle of a planting ditch according to the plant spacing of 30cm (about 2200 plants planted per mu), backfilling soil with seeds on the surface layer of a soil pile into the planting ditch, watering the ditch when the depth of the soil backfilled in the planting ditch is about half (about 15cm), wherein the water consumption per mu is 5 tons, and after the water is fully absorbed by the soil, completely backfilling the remaining soil into the planting ditch, and treading.
(4) Conventional field management: weeding and draining stagnant water are well done during the growing period of the atriplex canescens, and timely drainage and no water accumulation are ensured when raining. Because the yellow river delta area has sufficient water and high soil nutrient, the atriplex canescens has luxuriant branches and leaves and is easy to infect the cabbage caterpillar, and the high-efficiency cyhalothrin, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole are sprayed to prevent and treat the cabbage caterpillar. Guard rails are built in winter, and animals such as hares are strictly prevented from gnawing by catching instruments.
(5) Harvesting desert cistanche: desert cistanche is harvested in the autumn of the next year (11 months), the harvesting mode is that a small excavator is used for digging out the whole atriplex canescens plant, soil on the root system is shaken off, and desert cistanche is harvested completely.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that atriplex canescens is planted in spring, cistanche deserticola is planted, and harvested in autumn of the year.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the width of the planting furrows was 40cm, and the rest were the same.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that there is no drainage ditch, and the rest is the same.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the row spacing of the planting furrows was 2m, and the rest were the same.
Comparative example 4
(1) Land selection and leveling: selecting saline soil or sandy loam in yellow river delta region (east Shandong Ying), and using the plot with higher topography, better drainage and soil salt content not higher than 0.6% as a planting field; digging drainage ditches, wherein one drainage ditch is dug every 20m, the width of each ditch is 1m, and the depth of each ditch is 1m, so that a drainage channel is smooth; applying 40 kg/mu of common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer sold in the market, carrying out rotary tillage for 30cm, and leveling land parcels.
(2) Atriplex canescens nursery stock and desert cistanche seed selection
The atriplex canescens is the annual seedling, the height of the overground part is 40-50 cm, the root length is 20-30 cm, the root system is intact and is provided with mud, and the root is sealed and moisturized by plastic paper;
desert cistanche seeds are purchased from AlaRashan area of inner Mongolia, the diameter of the seeds is more than 0.5mm, the seeds are full and have no impurities, and the color is deep.
(3) Atriplex canescens planting
In spring of the first year (3 months), a small-sized trencher is used for digging planting trenches, soil dug by the trencher is piled on two sides of the trenches, the row spacing of the planting trenches is 1m, the trench width is 30cm, and the trench depth is 30 cm. Placing the atriplex canescens seedlings in the middle of the planting ditches according to the plant spacing of 30cm (about 2200 plants planted per mu), backfilling soil into the planting ditches, watering the ditches when the depth of the soil backfilled in the planting ditches is about half of the depth (about 15cm), wherein the water consumption per mu is 7 tons, and after the water is fully absorbed by the soil, completely backfilling the remaining soil into the planting ditches and treading the soil.
(4) Atriplex canescens planting and cistanche deserticola inoculation
In autumn (11 months) of the year, two inoculation trenches are dug at two sides of the root of the atriplex canescens by a shovel, the distance between the inoculation trenches and the main root is 30cm, the width of the trenches is 20cm, and the depth of the trenches is 30 cm. Uniformly spreading cistanche deserticola seeds (after the cistanche deserticola seeds are subjected to overwintering refrigeration germination promotion treatment, uniformly mixing with fine sandy soil with the humidity of 60%) at the bottom of the inoculation trench and on the side of soil (soil pile) facing the pit, wherein the dosage of the cistanche deserticola seeds is 200 g/mu; and (3) backfilling soil into the inoculation ditch, when the depth of the backfilled soil in the inoculation ditch is about half (about 15cm), watering the ditch, fully absorbing water by the soil, backfilling the rest soil into the planting ditch, and treading to be solid, wherein the water consumption per mu is 10 tons.
(5) Conventional field management: weeding and draining stagnant water are well done during the growing period of the atriplex canescens, and timely drainage and no water accumulation are ensured when raining. Because the yellow river delta area has sufficient water and high soil nutrient, the atriplex canescens has luxuriant branches and leaves and is easy to infect the cabbage caterpillar, and the high-efficiency cyhalothrin, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole are sprayed to prevent and treat the cabbage caterpillar. Guard rails are built in winter, and animals such as hares are strictly prevented from gnawing by catching instruments.
(6) Harvesting desert cistanche: desert cistanche is harvested in the autumn of the next year (11 months), the harvesting mode is that a small excavator is used for digging out the whole atriplex canescens plant, soil on the root system is shaken off, and desert cistanche is harvested completely.
Comparative example 5
(1) Atriplex canescens forestation
In northwest arid desert (Gansu), selecting sandy loam-based land for planting atriplex canescens. Planting atriplex canescens in spring 4 months, digging planting pits with diameter of 30cm, depth of 40cm and plant-row spacing of 150cm multiplied by 150cm on flat ground, placing nursery stock in the planting pits, burying soil to fixed value pit 2/3 height, pulling the nursery stock a little upward, treading, and filling and treading the soil.
(2) Watering after afforestation
Irrigating water in time after planting atriplex canescens; in the initial stage of field planting, irrigating water once every 12 days and continuously irrigating for 4 times; after the root system of the atriplex canescens reaches a certain depth (after 7 months), irrigating for 1 time in 7-10 months and irrigating for 1 time in 11 middle ten days; filling water for the second year only twice in the months of 4 and 11; inoculating herba cistanches in the third year.
(3) Cistanche seed treatment and inoculation
Inoculating cistanche salsa in spring or autumn, and selecting the cistanche salsa seeds which are newly harvested in the previous year, have full seeds and have no diseases and insect pests for treatment. The treatment method comprises exposing Cistanchis herba seeds in burning sun for more than 10 hr, treating in 50 deg.C incubator for 1 hr, and treating in 4 deg.C incubator for 30 d.
And digging a seed pit with the depth of 40-50 cm and the length and width of 30cm on the sunny side of the atriplex canescens plant from the main stem of the plant, and piling the dug soil on one side of the seed pit. 0.05g of seeds is poured into 1kg of fine sand, and the seeds and the sand are mixed and stirred sufficiently to be mixed uniformly. And uniformly spreading the mixed seeds on the surface of the soil heap, which is close to one side of the inoculation pit, by taking the top of the soil heap as a boundary. Filling soil into the inoculation pit from one side of the soil pile by hand, wherein the thickness is about 12cm, the soil with seeds is completely filled into the inoculation pit, the seeds are distributed in the inoculation pit in a three-dimensional manner in each layer, the inoculation pit is filled with the residual soil on the ground until the soil is about 17cm from the ground surface, and treading is carried out. And watering the planting pit in time after the soil is filled, so that the root system of the atriplex canescens can extend to the direction with good moisture condition, thus greatly improving the inoculation rate of the cistanche, which is a key link for improving the inoculation rate of the cistanche, and the water is poured thoroughly for the first time. And irrigating water once again in 2-3 months.
(4) Harvesting cistanche
And after inoculating the cistanche for 2 years, completely harvesting the cistanche.
Effect example 1
And (3) counting and calculating the inoculation rate and the yield of the cistanche deserticola in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-5. The inoculation rate calculation method comprises the following steps: when harvesting, 10 atriplex canescens plants are dug randomly, and the percentage of the number of parasitic cistanche canescens plants to the total number of atriplex canescens plants is set to 3 times. The yield calculation method comprises the following steps: collecting Cistanchis herba at 3 points with each point of 20m 2 And calculating the fresh weight of the cistanche harvested per mu. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 inoculation rates and yield differences
| Grouping | Inoculation Rate (%) | Yield (kg/mu/year) |
| Example 1 | 85.3 | 251.9 |
| Example 2 | 83.1 | 249.3 |
| Example 3 | 83.4 | 177.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 72.2 | 203.9 |
| Comparative example 2 | 75.5 | 57.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 84.0 | 130.4 |
| Comparative example 4 | 62.3 | 113.3 |
| Comparative example 5 | 78.7 | 63.4 |
Effect example 2
The content of the effective components of cistanche deserticola obtained by the cultivation in example 1 and comparative example 5 was measured, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 desert cistanche main effective ingredient comparison (% dry weight)
As can be seen from Table 2, the content of echinacoside and verbascoside in cistanche deserticola produced in saline and alkaline land of Huanghe Delta (Shandong) is slightly lower than that of cistanche deserticola produced in comparative example 5 (Gansu), and the low content is related to that the growth period of cistanche deserticola produced in Shandong (1 year) is shorter than that of Gansu (3-5 years). The content of the tubuloside A is higher than that of cistanche salsa grown on canna Gansu. The content of betaine reaches 14.27%, and the high content of betaine is beneficial to improving the salt resistance and frost resistance of desert cistanche.
By adopting the cultivation method, the sum of the contents of echinacoside and verbascoside in the harvested desert cistanche is 3.52 percent and is obviously higher than the specification of Chinese pharmacopoeia (the total content of echinacoside and verbascoside in the desert cistanche is not less than 0.30 percent).
Effect example 3
The nutrient content of atriplex canescens harvested in example 1 was measured, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 atriplex canescens composition
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for cultivating desert cistanche in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) in the first year, digging a planting ditch in a planting field with a drainage ditch, broadcasting desert cistanche seeds on the soil at the bottom of the planting ditch and on two sides of the planting ditch, then planting atriplex canescens in the planting ditch, backfilling the soil on two sides of the planting ditch into the planting ditch, and performing conventional field management;
(2) and harvesting desert cistanche in the next year.
2. The method for cultivating desert cistanche as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intervals between the drainage ditches are 20m, the width of the ditches is 80-100 cm, and the depth of the ditches is 80-100 cm.
3. The method for cultivating cistanche deserticola in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the first year is the first autumn and the second year is the second autumn.
4. The method for cultivating desert cistanche deserticola in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the atriplex canescens has a height of 40-50 cm, a root length of 20-30 cm and a perfect root system.
5. The method for cultivating cistanche deserticola in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of cistanche deserticola seeds is more than 0.5mm, the seeds are full and have no impurities and deep color.
6. The method for cultivating desert cistanche as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting furrows have row spacing of 1m, width of 28-32 cm and depth of 28-32 cm.
7. The method for cultivating cistanche deserticola in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the planting distance of atriplex canescens is 30 cm; the sowing amount of the cistanche deserticola seeds is 180-200 g/mu.
8. The method for cultivating cistanche deserticola in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the cistanche deserticola seeds are subjected to overwintering refrigeration germination promotion treatment before broadcasting and are uniformly mixed with fine sandy soil with the humidity of 60%.
9. The method for cultivating cistanche deserticola in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, further comprising applying NPK compound fertilizer with dosage of 40 kg/mu in the planting field and carrying out rotary tillage with depth of 30cm before digging the planting furrows.
10. The method for cultivating cistanche deserticola in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein when the soil at both sides of the planting trench is backfilled, watering is further carried out in the planting trench, and the water consumption is 5-8 tons/mu.
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