CN114794216A - Method for prolonging normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs - Google Patents

Method for prolonging normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114794216A
CN114794216A CN202210308299.1A CN202210308299A CN114794216A CN 114794216 A CN114794216 A CN 114794216A CN 202210308299 A CN202210308299 A CN 202210308299A CN 114794216 A CN114794216 A CN 114794216A
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shed
onion bulbs
onion
bulbs
black plastic
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李威亚
杨海峰
潘美红
惠林冲
陈微
缪美华
陈振泰
何林玉
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Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
    • A23B7/152—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O ; Elimination of such other gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for prolonging the normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs, which comprises the following steps: A. building a shed; B. configuring a shed frame and an ultraviolet lamp; C. preparing an ozone machine; D. beginning in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, pulling out when the overground stem leaves of the onion bulbs fall over 50%, cutting off pseudostems 2-3cm away from the upper parts of the bulbs, and then filling into a mesh bag; E. placing the bagged onion bulbs on a shed frame; F. determining the rolling and unrolling rule of the black plastic film during storage; G. putting down black plastic films around the shed every 10-12 days after the shed is put in the shed for three weeks, and simultaneously opening an ozone machine and an ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and sterilization for 1-1.5 hours; H. the stacking time of the onion bulbs in the bags is as long as 5 months. The method of the invention utilizes the building of a rain-sheltering and sun-sheltering shed, the placement of onion bulbs in the shed frame bags and the automatic permeation and disinfection of ozone and ultraviolet rays to prolong the storage time of the onion bulbs, reduce the pesticide residue and the storage cost and improve the industrial benefit of the onion.

Description

Method for prolonging normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of onion production and storage, and particularly relates to a method for prolonging the normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs by utilizing rain sheltering, sun protection, ventilation and physical killing to preserve the onion bulbs, reduce the pesticide utilization rate and save energy and improve efficiency.
Background
Onion (Allium cepa L.) Is prepared from Alliaceae (Alliaceae)Alliaceae) Allium genus (A)Allium) The biennial herb plant with meat scales and bulbels as the product organ is one of the first five worldwide vegetables, and is introduced into China in the early 20 th century, and the onion planting area and total yield of China are the first in the world at present. The onion bulbs are stored at normal temperature and in a cold storage, the normal-temperature storage method uses more pesticides and bactericides, the storage time is about 2 months at most, the supply period is prolonged for a short time, and the economic benefit is low. Although the storage period of the refrigeration storage is long, the cost of the refrigeration storage construction, the electricity consumption and the like is high, the related benefits are greatly influenced, and the industrial application scale is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a method for prolonging the normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs by keeping the onion bulbs fresh, reducing the pesticide utilization rate, saving energy and improving the efficiency by rain sheltering, sun protection, ventilation and physical killing.
The invention aims to solve the problems by the following technical scheme:
a method for prolonging the normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. constructing a vault rectangular shed, welding breathable metal nets on four sides of the shed, and arranging black plastic films which can be automatically rolled up at regular time outside the metal nets;
B. the distance between adjacent shelves in the shed is not less than 30cm, adjacent rows of shelves are staggered by 30-50cm, and ultraviolet lamps are arranged between upper support legs and between lower support legs at four corners of each shelf;
C. according to the ozone output: the volume ratio of the shed is 1-1.5 g: 30m 3 An ozone machine is arranged on the ground in the center of the shed and is connected with a wire;
D. beginning in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, pulling out when the overground stem leaves of the onion bulbs fall over 50%, cutting off pseudostems 2-3cm away from the upper parts of the bulbs, and then filling into a mesh bag;
E. dragging the bagged onion bulbs into a shed and placing the shed on a shed frame, wherein the number of stacked layers of the shed frame is not more than four;
F. during the storage period of the onion bulbs, the black plastic films around the shed are set as follows: the black plastic film on the south side is put down regularly and automatically every morning to prevent sun and sunshine, the black plastic film on the south side is rolled up regularly and automatically at night to ventilate, and the other three sides are rolled up all day long to ventilate;
G. the onion can be normally stored and dehumidified three weeks before being put in storage without being disinfected, and after three weeks, in order to avoid high temperature caused by sunshine irradiating black plastic films in the daytime, the work of sterilization and disinfection is carried out at night; the concrete measures are as follows: putting down black plastic films around the shed every 10-12 days after the shed is put in the shed for three weeks, and simultaneously opening an ozone machine and an ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and sterilization for 1-1.5 hours;
H. the stacking time of the bagged onion bulbs in the shed is based on the selling requirement or the planting time of the seed balls, and the stacking time is up to 5 months at most.
The shed in the step A is formed by pouring the ground and an arched rain shelter shed roof by cement, the lower part of the shed is a cuboid space, the width and the height of the shed are constructed according to the conventional regulations, and the length of the shed is determined according to the number of onion bulbs planned to be warehoused; and B, controlling the black plastic film in the step A by adopting an automatic film rolling machine which can be timed and remotely controlled.
The shed frame in the step B is a detachable iron square shed frame, the upper supporting leg and the lower supporting leg with the lengths not less than 15cm are reserved at the four corners of the shed frame respectively to be connected with a detachable rectangular leg sleeve and a positioning ultraviolet lamp, the detachable rectangular leg sleeve with the length not less than 60cm can be sleeved on the upper supporting leg and the lower supporting leg of the corresponding shed frame respectively, and the height difference between two adjacent layers of shed frames is not less than 60 cm.
And C, manufacturing four frames and rectangular support legs of the shed frame in the step B by adopting rectangular square tubes with the tube surfaces being 3cm in length and width and the thickness being 2mm, and welding steel bars with the width of 5cm and the thickness of 1mm horizontally and vertically on the inner surfaces of the four frames for bearing.
The detachable rectangular leg sleeve is made of a rectangular square tube with the tube surface length and width of 3.5cm and the thickness of 2 mm.
The specification of the ultraviolet lamp in the step B is 1m long and 30W quartz medical grade, and the ultraviolet lamp is connected with a 220V power supply line in parallel; and the ozone generator in the step C adopts a 220V wide-range ring brand air-cooled ozone generator.
And D, after the onion bulbs in the step D are pulled up, airing the onion bulbs on the ground for 2 days to properly volatilize water, and then cutting and collecting the onion bulbs, and bagging the onion bulbs by adopting a breathable net bag with the diameter of 30cm and the height of 80 cm.
And E, uniformly arranging the bagged onion bulbs on two layers of 12 bags on one layer of shed frame, sleeving a corresponding detachable rectangular leg sleeve on each layer of shed frame, and arranging the upper layer of shed frame to stack the bagged onion bulbs, wherein the number of the bagged onion bulbs is not more than four layers of shed frames and eight layers of bagged onion bulbs.
And F, rolling up the black plastic film in the step F in a sunny day to keep ventilation and ventilation, remotely controlling the rolling up of the black plastic film at the periphery to ventilate and dissipate heat in a rainy day with high temperature and high humidity, and putting down all the black plastic films in the other rainy days to avoid rain.
And G, controlling the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp by adopting the same automatic main switch capable of timing, and performing disinfection and sterilization on the day at the ratio of 20: and automatically turning on the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp after a certain set time after 00, automatically turning off the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp after disinfection and sterilization are finished, and determining whether to roll up the black plastic film according to weather conditions on the next day.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method of the invention can effectively ventilate and dissipate moisture and reduce the breeding of germs by using the net bag packaging and the multilayer shed frame placing method; by utilizing the method of constructing the ventilating shed with the roof and automatically controlling the side film, the effects of sun protection, rain sheltering and heat dissipation can be effectively achieved, the influence of sunlight, temperature and humidity on the vitality of the onion bulbs can be reduced, and the storage time can be prolonged; compared with the use of pesticides, the automatic physical disinfection method by using ozone and ultraviolet rays can effectively permeate, sterilize and prevent insects, greatly save labor and medication cost, and inhibit the bulbs from sprouting to a certain extent, thereby achieving the effects of keeping the quality of the bulbs and prolonging the storage time; by using the automatic timing control instrument, the warehouse management cost can be greatly saved; the method can keep the bulb vitality, inhibit germination to keep quality, reduce pesticide residue and storage cost, prolong the onion bulb storage time, prolong the product supply period, and obtain higher economic benefit; and the method can be applied to the onion bulb seed selection technology, reduces the germination and disease incidence rate during the seed ball storage period, and improves the production efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A method for prolonging the normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs comprises the following steps:
A. building a rectangular shed with an arch crown, wherein the shed adopts a cement poured ground and an arched rain shelter top, the four sides of the shed are welded with a breathable metal net, a black plastic film is arranged outside the metal net and is controlled by adopting an automatic film rolling machine capable of being timed and remotely controlled, and the width, the height and the length of a rectangular space at the lower part of the shed are determined according to the number of onion balls planned to be warehoused;
B. manufacturing a detachable iron square shed frame, wherein the length and width of the shed frame are 120 multiplied by 120cm, upper supporting legs and lower supporting legs with the upper and lower portions being 15cm are respectively reserved at four corners of the shed frame to connect a detachable rectangular leg sleeve and a positioning ultraviolet lamp, four side frames and rectangular supporting legs of the shed frame are made of rectangular square pipes with the pipe surface length and width of 3cm and the thickness of 2mm, and steel bars with the width of 5cm and the thickness of 1mm are welded on the inner surfaces of the four side frames transversely and vertically to bear load; the detachable rectangular leg sleeves are made of rectangular square tubes with the tube surface length and width of 3.5cm and the thickness of 2mm, the detachable rectangular leg sleeves with the length of not less than 60cm can be respectively sleeved on the upper supporting legs and the lower supporting legs of the corresponding shed frames, and the height difference between the two adjacent shed frames is not less than 60 cm; when the shed frame is placed: the distance between adjacent shed frames is not less than 30cm, adjacent rows of shed frames are staggered by 30-50cm, and ultraviolet lamps are arranged between the upper support legs and between the lower support legs at four corners of each shed frame; the specification of the ultraviolet lamp is 1m long, 30W quartz medical grade, the ultraviolet lamp is connected with a 220V power supply line in parallel, and the installation position of the lamp tube is based on ensuring that no dead angle irradiates the bagged bulbs;
C. according to the ozone output: the volume ratio of the shed is 1-1.5 g: 30m 3 An ozone machine is configured, the ozone machine generally adopts a 220V wide-range ring brand air-cooled ozone generator, the ozone machine is arranged on the central ground of the shed and is connected with a wire, and an ultraviolet lamp and the ozone machine are connected with a timing automatic main switch;
D. beginning in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, pulling out when the overground stem leaves of the onion bulbs are more than 50 percent, airing on the ground for 2 days after the onion bulbs are pulled out, properly volatilizing water, shearing and reserving 2-3cm of upper dummy stems, bagging and warehousing, and bagging by adopting a breathable mesh bag with the diameter of 30cm and the height of 80 cm;
E. dragging the bagged onion bulbs into a shed and placing the bagged onion bulbs on a shed frame, wherein the bagged onion bulbs are uniformly arranged on one shed frame according to 12 bags of two layers, and when one shed frame is placed, covering a corresponding detachable rectangular leg sleeve and placing the upper shed frame to stack the bagged onion bulbs, wherein the bagged onion bulbs do not exceed four shed frames and eight bagged onion bulbs at most;
F. during the storage period of the onion bulbs, the black plastic films around the shed are set as follows: the black plastic film on the south side is put down regularly and automatically every morning to prevent sun and sunshine, the black plastic film on the south side is rolled up regularly and automatically at night to ventilate, and the other three sides are rolled up all day long to ventilate; under normal conditions, the black plastic film is rolled up to keep ventilation and ventilation in sunny days, and except for the condition that the black plastic film at the periphery is rolled up to ventilate and dissipate heat in rainy days with high temperature and high humidity in a remote control way, the black plastic films at the other rainy days are all put down to avoid rain;
G. the onion can be normally stored and dehumidified three weeks before being put in storage without being disinfected, and after three weeks, in order to avoid high temperature caused by sunshine irradiating black plastic films in the daytime, the onion is sterilized and killed at night; the concrete measures are as follows: after warehousing in the shed for three weeks, putting down black plastic films around the shed at intervals of 10-12 days at night, and putting down the black plastic films at a position of 20: automatically turning on an ozone machine and an ultraviolet lamp for 1-1.5h at the same time after 00, automatically turning off the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp after sterilization, and determining whether to roll up a black plastic film according to weather conditions on the next day;
H. the stacking time of the bagged onion bulbs in the shed is based on the selling requirement or the planting time of the seed balls, and the stacking time is up to 5 months at most.
Example I onion bulb Normal temperature storage technology of "Lianshallot No. 9
A. Building a rectangular shed with an arch crown, wherein the shed adopts a cement poured ground and an arched rain shelter top, the four sides of the shed are welded with a breathable metal net, a black plastic film is arranged outside the metal net and is controlled by adopting an automatic film rolling machine capable of being timed and remotely controlled, and the width, the height and the length of a rectangular space at the lower part of the shed are determined according to the number of onion balls planned to be warehoused;
B. manufacturing a detachable iron square shed frame, wherein the length and width of the shed frame are 120 multiplied by 120cm, upper supporting legs and lower supporting legs with the upper and lower portions being 15cm are respectively reserved at four corners of the shed frame to connect a detachable rectangular leg sleeve and a positioning ultraviolet lamp, four side frames and rectangular supporting legs of the shed frame are made of rectangular square pipes with the pipe surface length and width of 3cm and the thickness of 2mm, and steel bars with the width of 5cm and the thickness of 1mm are welded on the inner surfaces of the four side frames transversely and vertically to bear load; the detachable rectangular leg sleeves are made of rectangular square tubes with the tube surface length and width of 3.5cm and the thickness of 2mm, the detachable rectangular leg sleeves with the length of not less than 60cm can be respectively sleeved on the upper supporting legs and the lower supporting legs of the corresponding shed frames, and the height difference between the two adjacent shed frames is 60 cm; when the shed frame is placed: the space between adjacent shed frames is 30cm, the adjacent shed frames are arranged in a staggered way by 40cm, and ultraviolet lamps are arranged between the upper support legs and between the lower support legs at the four corners of each shed frame; the specification of the ultraviolet lamp is 1m long, 30W quartz medical grade, the ultraviolet lamp is connected with a 220V power supply line in parallel, and the installation position of the lamp tube is based on ensuring that no dead angle irradiates the bagged bulbs;
C. according to the ozone output: the volume ratio of the shed is 1 g: 30m 3 An ozone machine is configured, the ozone machine generally adopts a 220V wide-range ring brand air-cooled ozone generator, the ozone machine is arranged on the central ground of the shed and is connected with a wire, and an ultraviolet lamp and the ozone machine are connected with a timing automatic main switch;
D. beginning in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, pulling out when the overground stem leaves of the onion bulbs are more than 50 percent, airing on the ground for 2 days after the onion bulbs are pulled out, properly volatilizing water, shearing and reserving 2-3cm of upper dummy stems, bagging and warehousing, and bagging by adopting a breathable mesh bag with the diameter of 30cm and the height of 80 cm;
E. dragging the bagged onion bulbs into a shed and placing the bagged onion bulbs on a shed frame, wherein the bagged onion bulbs are uniformly arranged on one shed frame according to 12 bags of two layers, and when one shed frame is placed, covering a corresponding detachable rectangular leg sleeve and placing the upper shed frame to stack the bagged onion bulbs, wherein the bagged onion bulbs do not exceed four shed frames and eight bagged onion bulbs at most;
F. during the storage period of the onion bulbs, the black plastic films around the shed are set as follows: 7 in the morning: 00 automatically putting down the south, shading and sun-blocking with black plastic film, 19% at night: 00 the black plastic film which automatically rolls up the south side is ventilated, and the other three sides are kept rolling up all day long; under normal conditions, the black plastic film is rolled up to keep ventilation and ventilation in sunny days, and except for the condition that the black plastic film at the periphery is rolled up to ventilate and dissipate heat in rainy days with high temperature and high humidity in a remote control way, the black plastic films at the other rainy days are all put down to avoid rain;
G. the onion can be normally stored and dehumidified three weeks before being put in storage without being disinfected, and after three weeks, in order to avoid high temperature caused by sunshine irradiating black plastic films in the daytime, the onion is sterilized and killed at night; the concrete measures are as follows: after three weeks in storage in the shed, every 10 days, at 20: 30, putting down the black plastic films around the shed, then automatically starting an ozone machine and an ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and sterilization for 1.5 hours, automatically closing the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp after the disinfection and sterilization are finished, and determining whether to roll up the black plastic films according to the weather conditions on the next day;
H. the stacking time of the bagged onion bulbs in the shed is based on the selling requirement or the planting time of the seed balls, and the stacking time is up to 5 months at most.
Example two onion variety 'Lianshallot No. 11' seed ball normal temperature storage technology
A. Constructing a rectangular shed with an arch top, wherein the shed is formed by pouring cement on the ground and an arched rain shelter roof, the four side surfaces of the shed are welded with breathable metal nets, black plastic films are arranged outside the metal nets and are controlled by adopting an automatic film rolling machine capable of being timed and remotely controlled, and the width, height and length of a rectangular space at the lower part of the shed are determined according to the number of onion balls planned to be warehoused;
B. manufacturing a detachable iron square shed frame, wherein the length and width of the shed frame are 120 multiplied by 120cm, upper supporting legs and lower supporting legs with the upper and lower portions being 15cm are respectively reserved at four corners of the shed frame to connect a detachable rectangular leg sleeve and a positioning ultraviolet lamp, four side frames and rectangular supporting legs of the shed frame are made of rectangular square pipes with the pipe surface length and width of 3cm and the thickness of 2mm, and steel bars with the width of 5cm and the thickness of 1mm are welded on the inner surfaces of the four side frames transversely and vertically to bear load; the detachable rectangular leg sleeves are made of rectangular square tubes with the tube surface length and width of 3.5cm and the thickness of 2mm, the detachable rectangular leg sleeves with the length of not less than 60cm can be respectively sleeved on the upper supporting legs and the lower supporting legs of the corresponding shed frames, and the height difference between the two adjacent shed frames is 60 cm; when the shed frame is placed: the distance between adjacent shed frames is not less than 30cm, adjacent rows of shed frames are staggered by 50cm, and ultraviolet lamps are arranged between the upper support legs and between the lower support legs at four corners of each shed frame; the specification of the ultraviolet lamp is 1m long, 30W quartz medical grade, the ultraviolet lamp is connected with a 220V power supply line in parallel, and the installation position of the lamp tube is based on ensuring that no dead angle irradiates the bagged bulbs;
C. according to the ozone output: the volume ratio of the shed is 1.3 g: 30m 3 An ozone machine is configured, the ozone machine generally adopts a 220V wide-range ring brand air-cooled ozone generator, the ozone machine is arranged on the central ground of the shed and is connected with a wire, and an ultraviolet lamp and the ozone machine are connected with a timing automatic main switch;
D. beginning in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, pulling out when the overground stem leaves of the onion bulbs are more than 50 percent, airing on the ground for 2 days after the onion bulbs are pulled out, properly volatilizing water, shearing and reserving 2-3cm of upper dummy stems, bagging and warehousing, and bagging by adopting a breathable mesh bag with the diameter of 30cm and the height of 80 cm;
E. dragging the bagged onion bulbs into a shed and placing the bagged onion bulbs on a shed frame, wherein the bagged onion bulbs are uniformly arranged on one shed frame according to 12 bags of two layers, and when one shed frame is placed, covering a corresponding detachable rectangular leg sleeve and placing the upper shed frame to stack the bagged onion bulbs, wherein the bagged onion bulbs do not exceed four shed frames and eight bagged onion bulbs at most;
F. during the storage period of the onion bulbs, the black plastic films around the shed are set as follows: 7 in the morning: 00 automatically putting down the south, shading and sun-blocking with black plastic film, 19% at night: 00 the black plastic film which automatically rolls up the south side is ventilated, and the other three sides keep rolling up all day; under normal conditions, the black plastic film is rolled up to keep ventilation and ventilation in sunny days, and except for the condition that the black plastic film at the periphery is rolled up to ventilate and dissipate heat in rainy days with high temperature and high humidity in a remote control way, the black plastic films at the other rainy days are all put down to avoid rain;
G. the onion can be normally stored and dehumidified three weeks before being put in storage without being disinfected, and after three weeks, in order to avoid high temperature caused by sunshine irradiating black plastic films in the daytime, the onion is sterilized and killed at night; the concrete measures are as follows: three weeks after storage in the shed, at 12d intervals, at 21: 00, putting down the black plastic films around the shed, then automatically starting an ozone machine and an ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and sterilization for 1 hour, automatically closing the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp after the disinfection and sterilization are finished, and determining whether to roll up the black plastic films according to the weather conditions on the next day;
H. the stacking time of the bagged onion bulbs in the shed is based on the selling requirement or the planting time of the seed balls, and the stacking time is up to 5 months at most.
The method of the invention utilizes the rain-sheltering and sun-proof shed construction, shed frame bagged onion bulb arrangement, and automatic ozone and ultraviolet permeation sterilization to prolong the onion bulb storage time, reduce the pesticide residue and storage cost, improve the onion industrial benefit, has positive significance for further improving the enthusiasm of farmers, and has practical significance in the aspect of seed ball storage of the onion large bulb seed selection technology.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention; the technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. A method for prolonging the normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. constructing a vault rectangular shed, welding breathable metal nets on four sides of the shed, and arranging black plastic films which can be automatically rolled up at regular time outside the metal nets;
B. the distance between adjacent shelves in the shed is not less than 30cm, adjacent rows of shelves are staggered by 30-50cm, and ultraviolet lamps are arranged between upper support legs and between lower support legs at four corners of each shelf;
C. according to the ozone output: the volume ratio of the shed is 1-1.5 g: 30m 3 An ozone machine is arranged on the ground in the center of the shed and is connected with a wire;
D. beginning in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, pulling out when the overground stem leaves of the onion bulbs fall over 50%, cutting off pseudostems 2-3cm away from the upper parts of the bulbs, and then filling into a mesh bag;
E. dragging the bagged onion bulbs into a shed and placing the shed on a shed frame, wherein the number of stacked layers of the shed frame is not more than four;
F. during the storage period of the onion bulbs, the black plastic films around the shed are set as follows: the black plastic film on the south side is put down regularly and automatically every morning to prevent sun and sunshine, the black plastic film on the south side is rolled up regularly and automatically at night to ventilate, and the other three sides are rolled up all day long to ventilate;
G. putting down black plastic films around the shed every 10-12 days after the shed is put in the shed for three weeks, and simultaneously opening an ozone machine and an ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and sterilization for 1-1.5 hours;
H. the stacking time of the bagged onion bulbs in the shed is based on the selling requirement or the planting time of the seed balls, and the stacking time is up to 5 months at most.
2. The method of extending the ambient temperature storage of onion bulbs of claim 1, wherein said step of: the shed in the step A is formed by pouring the ground and an arched rain shelter shed roof by cement, the lower part of the shed is a cuboid space, the width and the height of the shed are constructed according to the conventional regulations, and the length of the shed is determined according to the number of onion bulbs planned to be warehoused; and B, controlling the black plastic film in the step A by adopting an automatic film rolling machine which can be timed and remotely controlled.
3. The method of extending the ambient temperature storage of onion bulbs of claim 1, wherein said step of: the shed frame in the step B is a detachable iron square shed frame, the upper supporting leg and the lower supporting leg with the lengths not less than 15cm are reserved at the four corners of the shed frame respectively to be connected with a detachable rectangular leg sleeve and a positioning ultraviolet lamp, the detachable rectangular leg sleeve with the length not less than 60cm can be sleeved on the upper supporting leg and the lower supporting leg of the corresponding shed frame respectively, and the height difference between two adjacent layers of shed frames is not less than 60 cm.
4. The method for ambient temperature storage of extended onion bulbs of claim 1 or 3, wherein said method comprises: and C, manufacturing four frames and rectangular support legs of the shed frame in the step B by adopting rectangular square tubes with the tube surfaces being 3cm in length and width and the thickness being 2mm, and welding steel bars with the width of 5cm and the thickness of 1mm horizontally and vertically on the inner surfaces of the four frames for bearing.
5. The method of extending the ambient temperature storage of onion bulbs of claim 3, wherein said step of: the detachable rectangular leg sleeve is made of a rectangular square tube with the tube surface length and width of 3.5cm and the thickness of 2 mm.
6. The method of extending the ambient temperature storage of onion bulbs of claim 1, wherein said step of: the specification of the ultraviolet lamp in the step B is 1m long and 30W quartz medical grade, and the ultraviolet lamp is connected with a 220V power supply line in parallel; and the ozone generator in the step C adopts a 220V wide-range ring brand air-cooled ozone generator.
7. The method of extending the ambient temperature storage of onion bulbs of claim 1, wherein said step of: and D, after the onion bulbs in the step D are pulled up, airing the onion bulbs on the ground for 2 days to properly volatilize water, and then cutting and collecting the onion bulbs, and bagging the onion bulbs by adopting a breathable net bag with the diameter of 30cm and the height of 80 cm.
8. The method for ambient temperature storage of extended onion bulbs of claim 1 or 3, wherein said method comprises: and E, uniformly arranging the bagged onion bulbs on two layers of 12 bags on one layer of shed frame, sleeving a corresponding detachable rectangular leg sleeve on each layer of shed frame, and arranging the upper layer of shed frame to stack the bagged onion bulbs, wherein the number of the bagged onion bulbs is not more than four layers of shed frames and eight layers of bagged onion bulbs.
9. The method of extending the ambient temperature storage of onion bulbs of claim 1, wherein said step of: and F, rolling up the black plastic film in the step F in a sunny day to keep ventilation and ventilation, remotely controlling the rolling up of the black plastic film at the periphery to ventilate and dissipate heat in a rainy day with high temperature and high humidity, and putting down all the black plastic films in the other rainy days to avoid rain.
10. The method of extending the ambient temperature storage of onion bulbs of claim 1, wherein said step of: and G, controlling the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp by adopting the same automatic main switch capable of timing, and performing disinfection and sterilization on the day at the ratio of 20: and automatically turning on the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp after a certain set time after 00, automatically turning off the ozone machine and the ultraviolet lamp after disinfection and sterilization are finished, and determining whether to roll up the black plastic film according to weather conditions on the next day.
CN202210308299.1A 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Method for prolonging normal-temperature storage of onion bulbs Pending CN114794216A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06225692A (en) * 1992-12-08 1994-08-16 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Sheet for drying and storing onion, potato or garlic and method for drying and storing using the sheet
CN105993417A (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-10-12 四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Tuber storage method
KR20160003600U (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-10-19 전창업 Container for onion storage
CN106852366A (en) * 2016-12-28 2017-06-16 山东营养源食品科技有限公司 A kind of method for storing and refreshing of shallot
CN106961932A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-07-21 连云港市农业科学院 A kind of storage practice of onion bulb
CN109864128A (en) * 2017-12-03 2019-06-11 薛随芳 A kind of method for storing and refreshing of onion
CN112273428A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-29 江苏康润农业科技发展有限公司 Storage and preservation method of onions

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06225692A (en) * 1992-12-08 1994-08-16 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Sheet for drying and storing onion, potato or garlic and method for drying and storing using the sheet
KR20160003600U (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-10-19 전창업 Container for onion storage
CN105993417A (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-10-12 四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Tuber storage method
CN106852366A (en) * 2016-12-28 2017-06-16 山东营养源食品科技有限公司 A kind of method for storing and refreshing of shallot
CN106961932A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-07-21 连云港市农业科学院 A kind of storage practice of onion bulb
CN109864128A (en) * 2017-12-03 2019-06-11 薛随芳 A kind of method for storing and refreshing of onion
CN112273428A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-29 江苏康润农业科技发展有限公司 Storage and preservation method of onions

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