CN104094756A - Method for safely and efficiently cultivating dendrobium officinale through winters - Google Patents
Method for safely and efficiently cultivating dendrobium officinale through winters Download PDFInfo
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- CN104094756A CN104094756A CN201410326246.8A CN201410326246A CN104094756A CN 104094756 A CN104094756 A CN 104094756A CN 201410326246 A CN201410326246 A CN 201410326246A CN 104094756 A CN104094756 A CN 104094756A
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- dendrobium officinale
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for safely and efficiently cultivating dendrobium officinale through winters. The method includes 1), creating cultivation environments, to be more specific, selecting glass greenhouses or plastic film greenhouses, erecting frames to cultivate the dendrobium officinale or cultivating the dendrobium officinale in fields; 2), laying cultivation media and cultivating the dendrobium officinale by the aid of the mixed media comprising pine barks and rubbles; 3), cultivating and planting the dendrobium officinale, and to be more specific, planting the dendrobium officinale in a group-planting mode; 4), applying fertilizers and water to the dendrobium officinale, to be more specific, applying the low-nitrogen compound liquid fertilizers with the concentration of 1.0-3.0g/L once every half a month during fertilization, starting to primarily water the dendrobium officinale on the third day after the dendrobium officinale is planted, performing freeze-tolerance hardening on the dendrobium officinale before the winters, properly reducing the humidity before the winters, and spraying water on the dendrobium officinale once in every period from a week to half a month. The lengths of the glass greenhouses or the plastic film greenhouses are shorter than or equal to 40m, and the distances among the greenhouses are farther than or equal to 2m. Each group of dendrobium officinale includes 3-5 dendrobium officinale plants, the row spacing is 20cm, the group spacing is 10cm, and the density of the dendrobium officinale is 100000 plants per 667m<2>. Owing to the mode, the method has the advantages that the problem of freezing injury can be solved from the aspects of cultivation facilities and cultivation technologies, accordingly, the yield of the winter dendrobium officinale can be increased, and the quality of the winter dendrobium officinale can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering.
Background technology
The stem of noble dendrobium begins to be loaded in Shennong's Herbal, classifies as top grade: " taste is sweet, flat.In main wound, except numbness, lower gas, tonifying five zang organs consumptive disease, frail, reinforcing yin essence.For a long time clothes, thick stomach, make light of one's life by commiting suicide, prolong life." modern pharmacological research proves, has the immunity of enhancing, eliminates tumour, suppresses the effects such as cancer, and pharyngolaryngitis, gastrointestinal disease, cataract, angiocardiopathy, diabetes, tumour are all had to significant curative effect.And modern society, environmental pollution, be full of competition, life is rich, aging is serious, billions of haze victims, hundreds of millions of sphagitis, tracheitis, patients with lung cancer, 1.3 hundred million diabetics, more than 1,600 ten thousand teachers, 300,000,000 thickness people iron, the skin stem of noble dendrobium is fabulous health, disease-treatment and health-care good medicine, is expected to cultivate the industry that becomes hundred billion grades.
Only resistance to-2 DEG C low temperature of the most kinds of dendrobium candidum, freeze injury is a subject matter that affects officinal dendrobium stem plantation.Solve freeze injury problem and first set about from kind, then consider that cultivating facility and culture technique are antifreeze.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering, can solve freeze injury problem from cultivating facility and culture technique, improves the yield and quality of the dendrobium candidum of surviving the winter.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering is provided, comprises the following steps:
1) make and establish planting environment, select glass greenhouse or plastic film shed, canopy length is less than or equal to 40m, and canopy spacing is more than or equal to 2m; Adopt built cultivation or ground to plant, when ground plants, the bedding of ditching in canopy, the wide 1.2 m ~ 1.4m of furrow, furrow ditch, encloses the high 20 ~ 30cm of ditch, and ditch ditch communicates, and has delivery port; High 50cm ~ the 80cm of cultivating stand of built cultivation, wide 1.2 m ~ 1.4m, sunshade degree 60 ~ 70%;
2) lay cultivation matrix, cultivation adopts the mixed-matrix of pine bark and rubble, and ground cultivation matrix thickness general control is at 15 ~ 25cm, the thick matrix of 3 ~ 10cm particle diameter for lower floor, 2cm for upper strata ~ 3cm particle diameter pine bark and rubble formula; Built cultivation matrix thickness is generally used 2cm ~ 3cm particle diameter pine bark, thickness 5cm ~ 10cm;
3) cultivating and growing, selects the cultivation of annual spring and autumn, and temperature is at 12 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C during this period of time, and clump cultivation mode is planted, taking 3 strain ~ 5 strains as one clump, and line-spacing 20cm, clump is apart from 10cm, 100,000 strain/667 ㎡;
4) apply rich water, when fertilising, with the low nitrogen composite liquid fertilizer of concentration 1.0 ~ 3.0 g/L, every first quarter moon is executed 1 time, and fertilization time, generally in the vegetative period in annual 4 ~ October, in the time that dendrobium candidum stops growing, also stops fertilising; The 3rd day after plantation starts to water for the first time, before winter, will carry out freeze proof exercise and suitably reduce humidity dendrobium candidum, a water of every thoughtful two weeks spray.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 1), described furrow face leveling, and on furrow face, be equipped with rubble, asbestos shingle or ground cloth.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 2) in, pine bark and rubble mixed-matrix comprise 70% pine bark and 30% rubble.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 2) in matrix need fermentation, sterilization before using, prevent from burning seedling, and kill off the insect pests, worm's ovum and germ.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 4), meeting arid on the hot summer days, sooner or later spraying water, avoid spraying water under exposure in sunshine; Area of heavy rainfull and rainy season, timely ditch cleaning reason moisture in the soil, deepen furrow ditch and drain ditch.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when temperature is during higher than 40 DEG C, canopy temperature reaches 50 DEG C above, reduces temperature of shed by canopy external spraying, and can reduce more than 3 DEG C in temperature of shed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering of the present invention can solve freeze injury problem from cultivating facility and culture technique, improve the yield and quality of the dendrobium candidum of surviving the winter.
Embodiment
To the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention be clearly and completely described below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making all other embodiment that obtain under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention comprises:
An efficient cultivation method for dendrobium candidum safe overwintering, comprises the following steps:
1) make and establish planting environment,
Select sunshade, antifreeze, rainproof glass greenhouse or plastic film shed, canopy length is less than or equal to 40m, and canopy spacing is more than or equal to 2m, in order to ventilation; Adopt built cultivation or ground to plant, when ground plants, the bedding of ditching in canopy, the wide 1.2 m ~ 1.4m of furrow, furrow ditch, encloses the high 20 ~ 30cm of ditch, and ditch ditch communicates, and has delivery port, the leveling of furrow face, upper berth rubble, asbestos shingle or ground cloth, the anti-grass of waterproof; High 50cm ~ the 80cm of cultivating stand of built cultivation, wide 1.2 m ~ 1.4m, is beneficial to ventilation, convenient operation.Adopt artificial sunshade, sunshade degree 60 ~ 70%.
2) lay cultivation matrix,
Cultivation adopts the mixed-matrix of pine bark 70% and rubble 30%, has both met moisture capacity, gas permeability requirements, is conducive to again plant and fixes.Ground cultivation matrix thickness general control is at 15 ~ 25cm, the thick matrix of 3 ~ 10cm particle diameter for lower floor, and 2cm for upper strata ~ 3cm particle diameter pine bark 70% and rubble 30% are filled a prescription; Built cultivation matrix thickness is generally used 2cm ~ 3cm particle diameter pine bark, thickness 5cm ~ 10cm.Matrix needs fermentation, sterilization before using, prevent from burning seedling, and kill off the insect pests, worm's ovum and germ.
3) cultivating and growing,
Tissue-culture container seedling is directly planted, and should select annual spring and autumn cultivation, is better than autumn spring.Best Times be annual late March to the first tenday period of a month in May, temperature is at 12 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C during this period of time, and air humidity is larger, test-tube seedling transplanting survival rate after bottle outlet is higher and vegetative period is longer; Next be mid-September to late October, transplant the cold-resistant antifreeze work of will carrying out especially in this in period.Clump cultivation mode is planted, taking 3 strain ~ 5 strains as one clump, and line-spacing 20cm, clump is apart from 10cm, 100,000 strain/667 ㎡.
4) apply rich water,
Dendrobium candidum has fixed nitrogen function, while therefore cultivation, needn't use high nitrogen fertilizer.Macerating ripe cake fertilizer, sheep excrement, natural pond liquid can effectively promote to nourish and grow.When fertilising, with the low nitrogen composite liquid fertilizer of concentration 1.0 ~ 3.0 g/L, every first quarter moon is executed 1 time, and fertilization time, generally in the vegetative period in annual 4 ~ October, in the time that dendrobium candidum stops growing, also stops fertilising; The 3rd day after plantation starts to water for the first time, as arid on the hot summer days, can, sooner or later spraying water, avoid spraying water under exposure in sunshine.Area of heavy rainfull and rainy season, timely ditch cleaning reason moisture in the soil, deepen furrow ditch and drain ditch, draining in time.Before entering winter, to carry out freeze proof exercise and suitably reduce humidity dendrobium candidum, a water of every thoughtful two weeks spray.
In addition, Growth of Dendrobium candidum optimum temperature is 20 ~ 26 DEG C, and when temperature exceedes 35 DEG C, facility cultivation dendrobium candidum stops growing substantially; Temperature is during higher than 40 DEG C, and canopy temperature can reach more than 50 DEG C, has a strong impact on growth and the product quality of dendrobium candidum.Can reduce temperature of shed by canopy external spraying, and can reduce more than 3 DEG C in temperature of shed, be most economical effective high temperature resistance means.
Specific practice outside ceiling fills a water pipe, on water pipe, fills a fog spray head every 3 ~ 4 meters.
The efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering of the present invention can solve freeze injury problem from cultivating facility and culture technique, improves the yield and quality of the dendrobium candidum of surviving the winter.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an efficient cultivation method for dendrobium candidum safe overwintering, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) make and establish planting environment, select glass greenhouse or plastic film shed, canopy length is less than or equal to 40m, and canopy spacing is more than or equal to 2m; Adopt built cultivation or ground to plant, when ground plants, the bedding of ditching in canopy, the wide 1.2 m ~ 1.4m of furrow, furrow ditch, encloses the high 20 ~ 30cm of ditch, and ditch ditch communicates, and has delivery port; High 50cm ~ the 80cm of cultivating stand of built cultivation, wide 1.2 m ~ 1.4m, sunshade degree 60 ~ 70%;
2) lay cultivation matrix, cultivation adopts the mixed-matrix of pine bark and rubble, and ground cultivation matrix thickness general control is at 15 ~ 25cm, the thick matrix of 3 ~ 10cm particle diameter for lower floor, 2cm for upper strata ~ 3cm particle diameter pine bark and rubble formula; Built cultivation matrix thickness is generally used 2cm ~ 3cm particle diameter pine bark, thickness 5cm ~ 10cm;
3) cultivating and growing, selects the cultivation of annual spring and autumn, and temperature is at 12 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C during this period of time, and clump cultivation mode is planted, taking 3 strain ~ 5 strains as one clump, and line-spacing 20cm, clump is apart from 10cm, 100,000 strain/667 ㎡;
4) apply rich water, when fertilising, with the low nitrogen composite liquid fertilizer of concentration 1.0 ~ 3.0 g/L, every first quarter moon is executed 1 time, and fertilization time, generally in the vegetative period in annual 4 ~ October, in the time that dendrobium candidum stops growing, also stops fertilising; The 3rd day after plantation starts to water for the first time, before winter, will carry out freeze proof exercise and suitably reduce humidity dendrobium candidum, a water of every thoughtful two weeks spray.
2. the efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1), and described furrow face leveling, and on furrow face, be equipped with rubble, asbestos shingle or ground cloth.
3. the efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in, pine bark and rubble mixed-matrix comprise 70% pine bark and 30% rubble.
4. the efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in matrix need fermentation, sterilization before using, prevent from burning seedling, and kill off the insect pests, worm's ovum and germ.
5. the efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4), meeting arid on the hot summer days, sooner or later spraying water, avoids spraying water under exposure in sunshine; Area of heavy rainfull and rainy season, timely ditch cleaning reason moisture in the soil, deepen furrow ditch and drain ditch.
6. the efficient cultivation method of dendrobium candidum safe overwintering according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when temperature is during higher than 40 DEG C, canopy temperature reaches 50 DEG C above, reduces temperature of shed by canopy external spraying, and can reduce more than 3 DEG C in temperature of shed.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104322257A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 安徽牧龙山生态旅游开发股份有限公司 | Method for normatively planting dendrobium officinale in simple greenhouse |
| CN106550751A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-05 | 唐翔 | A kind of dendrobium candidum Emulational culture method |
| CN106561244A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐翔 | Biomimetic tissue culturing planting method of fimbriate dendrobium |
| CN106561246A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐翔 | High-yield and high-efficiency dendrobium chrysanthum emulational culture method |
| CN106561247A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐翔 | Cultivation method for imitated wild Dendrobium nobile Lindl |
| CN108157120A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-15 | 康美药业（文山）药材种植管理有限公司 | A kind of Dendrobium Chrysotoxum Lindl culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109121999A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-04 | 天峨县平昌生态农业有限公司 | A kind of stereo cultivating method of dendrobium candidum and grape |
| CN109169220A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-11 | 镇江陶氏健康源生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of the dendrobium candidum containing selenium |
| CN114208647A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-22 | 湖北兴杰农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for planting dendrobium officinale |
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| CN106561244A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐翔 | Biomimetic tissue culturing planting method of fimbriate dendrobium |
| CN106561246A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐翔 | High-yield and high-efficiency dendrobium chrysanthum emulational culture method |
| CN106561247A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 唐翔 | Cultivation method for imitated wild Dendrobium nobile Lindl |
| CN108157120A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-15 | 康美药业（文山）药材种植管理有限公司 | A kind of Dendrobium Chrysotoxum Lindl culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109121999A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-04 | 天峨县平昌生态农业有限公司 | A kind of stereo cultivating method of dendrobium candidum and grape |
| CN109169220A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-11 | 镇江陶氏健康源生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of the dendrobium candidum containing selenium |
| CN114208647A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-22 | 湖北兴杰农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for planting dendrobium officinale |
| CN114208647B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-12-22 | 湖北兴杰农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for dendrobium candidum planting |
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Application publication date: 20141015 |