CN114794162A - Synergist for improving aniseed anthracnose prevention and control medicament effect and preparation and use method thereof - Google Patents
Synergist for improving aniseed anthracnose prevention and control medicament effect and preparation and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synergist for improving the effect of an aniseed anthracnose control medicament and a preparation and use method thereof, which relate to the technical field of plant disease control pesticide auxiliaries and comprise the following components: the medicine is prepared from 99-99.5 weight percent of raw material liquid medicine: 0.5-1 auxiliary materials, wherein the raw material liquid medicine comprises the following materials: rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, rhizoma Chuanxiong, fructus Arctii, HEISAN tablet, radix Curcumae, fructus forsythiae, cortex Phellodendri, gynostemma pentaphyllum, and radix Angelicae Dahuricae. In addition, the main material of the synergist is a natural plant source, so that the synergist is low in cost, easy to cultivate, available in raw materials, extremely simple in preparation process, convenient to use, green, safe to people and livestock, free of emission and more environment-friendly, and slag can be used as an organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide auxiliary agents for preventing and controlling plant diseases, in particular to a synergist for improving the effect of an aniseed anthracnose prevention and control medicament and a preparation and use method thereof.
Background
The star anise is also called anise and aniseed and is a special spice economic forest tree species in southern subtropical regions, the star anise and the anise oil which are products of the star anise are widely used in the fields of feed, chemical industry, medicines, spices, cosmetics and daily necessities, the star anise is mainly distributed in provinces such as Guangxi, Yunnan and Guangdong in southern China, the maximum culture area and yield in Guangxi are more than 85 percent of the whole country, the star anise anthracnose is a fungal disease which is most common and seriously influenced and has multiple frequency, and the disease causes fallen leaves, withered branches and even withered plants of the star anise trees. In severe areas, thousands of mu of patches are generated, the branches are withered seriously, the shapes of the branches are like fire burn, the grains are not harvested, and the survival and the development of the aniseed industry are seriously influenced. The following problems exist in the prior art:
in the actual process of comprehensively preventing and treating aniseed anthracnose, chemical pesticides are often needed for prevention and treatment, but in the chemical prevention and treatment practice, due to the host and environmental conditions of aniseed and the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria, the actual problems that the prevention and treatment effects of the used prevention and treatment medicines are not ideal in production and the prevention and treatment effects are reduced because the pathogenic bacteria generate drug resistance after being used for several times, so that the dosage of the medicines needs to be increased are solved, the dosage of the medicines is reduced, the disease prevention effect is improved, the drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria is reduced, the purposes of reducing the dosage, improving the effect of the medicines, protecting the ecological environment and improving the social and economic benefits are achieved, and the research of the invention is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a synergist for improving the effect of an aniseed anthracnose control medicament and a preparation and use method thereof, and solves the problems that in the chemical control practice, due to aniseed hosts, environmental conditions and pathogenic bacteria characteristics, the control effect of the control medicament used in production is not ideal, and the control effect is reduced because the pathogenic bacteria generate medicament resistance after being used for several times, so that the medicament dosage needs to be increased.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
on the first hand, the synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose control agent consists of the following components: the medicine is prepared from 99-99.5 weight percent of raw material liquid medicine: 0.5-1 auxiliary materials, wherein the raw material liquid medicine comprises the following materials: rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, rhizoma Chuanxiong, fructus Arctii, HEISAN tablet, radix Curcumae, fructus forsythiae, cortex Phellodendri, gynostemma pentaphyllum, and radix Angelicae Dahuricae.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the raw material liquid medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of ligusticum wallichii, 15g of burdock, 5g of black cis-piece, 5g of radix curcumae, 5g of fructus forsythiae, 5g of golden cypress, 5g of gynostemma pentaphylla and 3g of radix angelicae, and the raw materials are soaked and extracted by 95% ethanol solution, and the raw materials are mainly used as natural plant sources, so that the cost is low, the cultivation can be realized, and the raw materials are easy to obtain.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the auxiliary materials comprise fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate monoester, nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and tween-80%, wherein: secondly, the step of: the weight ratio is: 35-50: 30-40: 20 to 25.
In a second aspect, the preparation method of the synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose control agent comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing raw medicinal materials required by the preparation of the synergist;
s2, placing the cut and mixed medicinal materials into a corresponding plastic or glass container, injecting 1600ml of 95% ethanol solution into the container, and naturally soaking for 10 days;
s3, filtering the medicinal material mixed liquid by using a filtering device, and filtering residues to obtain a raw material liquid medicine;
s4, adding auxiliary materials to prepare a finished synergist;
s5, directly mixing the obtained synergist product with the control agent for use or packaging and storing for later use.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the S1 also comprises the steps of cutting and mixing 10g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of ligusticum wallichii, 15g of burdock, 5g of black strips, 5g of radix curcumae, 5g of fructus forsythiae, 5g of golden cypress, 5g of gynostemma pentaphylla and 3g of radix angelicae, wherein the raw material medicines are dry materials, and the preparation is carried out by adopting the dry materials, so that the components of the medicine can be effectively prevented from losing, and the effective components and the content of the medicine can be guaranteed.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the S4 further comprises the following steps of mixing the raw material liquid medicine according to the weight ratio of 99-99.5: 0.5-1 weight ratio, adding auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials and the mixture ratio are as follows: fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether phosphate monoester, nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and tween-80 percent, wherein the components of the formula (I): secondly, the step of: the weight ratio is: 35-50: 30-40: 20-25, stirring the mixture for 3-5 minutes by using a stirrer with the rotating speed of about 100-150 revolutions per minute to prepare a finished product of the synergist, and preparing the synergist by using a simple proportion and a simple process, so that the finished product is low in cost and convenient to use.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: adding 20-25% of the synergist into the raw liquid medicine according to the weight ratio, uniformly mixing and stirring, and then using according to the same usage amount or concentration and using method recommended in the raw liquid medicine specification, such as: the required concentration of the original liquid medicine is 1000 times, and the original liquid medicine is also used according to the concentration of 1000 times after the synergist is added.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
1. the invention provides a synergist for improving the effect of an aniseed anthracnose control agent and a preparation and use method thereof, and aims of reducing the dosage of the agent, improving the disease prevention effect and slowing down the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria are achieved by reducing the dosage of the agent, improving the effect, protecting the ecological environment and improving the social and economic benefits.
2. The invention provides a synergist for improving the effect of an aniseed anthracnose prevention and treatment medicament and a preparation and use method thereof, wherein Chinese herbal medicines which can be cultivated in production and are easily bought in a conventional pharmacy are used as main raw materials, the synergist is prepared by a simple preparation process, is low in product cost, convenient to use, environment-friendly, safe to people and livestock, green, ecological and environment-friendly, and can be directly mixed with the medicament for preventing and treating the aniseed anthracnose in the field for use, so that the activity of the used medicament for preventing and treating the aniseed anthracnose can be enhanced, the prevention and treatment effect can be improved by 16-25%, the occurrence of drug resistance of germs can be slowed down, the medicament reduction and synergism can be achieved, the cost can be reduced, the ecological environment can be protected, and the social and economic benefits can be improved.
3. The synergist can be used for synergically improving the effect of the medicament for preventing and treating the anthracnose of the anise and improving the prevention and treatment effect and slowing down the occurrence of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, so that the dosage of the medicament can be reduced in production, the prevention and treatment cost is reduced, the prevention and treatment effect is improved, the selection range of varieties of the disease-resistant medicament is favorably expanded, the ecological environment is favorably protected, and the social and economic benefits are favorably improved.
4. The synergist prepared by the invention has stable property, is unchanged in property after being stored for 2 years, can be directly mixed and used in fields, and is convenient to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
example 1
The invention provides a synergist for improving the effect of an aniseed anthracnose control medicament, which comprises the following components: the medicine is prepared from 99-99.5 weight percent of raw material liquid medicine: 0.5-1 auxiliary materials, wherein the raw material liquid medicine comprises the following materials: the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials of bighead atractylodes rhizome, ligusticum wallichii, burdock, black shun tablet, radix curcumae, fructus forsythiae, golden cypress, gynostemma pentaphylla and radix angelicae, wherein the raw material liquid medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of ligusticum wallichii, 15g of burdock, 5g of black cis-piece, 5g of radix curcumae, 5g of fructus forsythiae, 5g of golden cypress, 5g of gynostemma pentaphylla and 3g of radix angelicae, and the raw materials are soaked and extracted by 95% ethanol solution, and auxiliary materials of the composition comprise (i) fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate monoester, (ii) nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and (iii) tween-80%, wherein (i) the following components are mixed: secondly, the step of: the weight ratio is: 35-50: 30-40: 20-25, the main material of natural plant source is utilized, the cost is low, the cultivation can be realized, and the raw material is easy to obtain.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of example 1, the invention provides a preparation method of a synergist for improving the effect of an aniseed anthracnose control agent, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing raw material medicines required for preparing the synergist, cutting and mixing 10g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of ligusticum wallichii, 15g of burdock, 5g of black strips, 5g of radix curcumae, 5g of fructus forsythiae, 5g of golden cypress, 5g of gynostemma pentaphylla and 3g of radix angelicae, wherein the raw material medicines are dry materials;
s2, placing the cut and mixed medicinal materials into a corresponding plastic or glass container, injecting 1600ml of 95% ethanol solution into the container, and naturally soaking for 10 days;
s3, filtering the medicinal material mixed liquid by using a filtering device, and filtering residues to obtain a raw material liquid medicine;
s4, adding auxiliary materials to prepare a finished synergist, adding the auxiliary materials into the raw material liquid medicine according to the weight ratio of 0.5-1%, and stirring for 3-5 minutes by using a stirrer with the rotating speed of about 100-150 r/min to prepare the finished synergist;
s5, directly mixing the obtained synergist product with the control agent for use or packaging and storing for later use.
In addition, the invention also provides a use method of the synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose control agent, wherein the synergist is added into the raw liquid medicine in a weight ratio of 20-25%, and the raw liquid medicine is uniformly mixed and used according to the same use amount or concentration and use method recommended in the specification of the raw liquid medicine.
Example 3
As shown in figure 1, on the basis of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the field synergistic test is carried out, the field synergistic test has the time period of 2 years, the specific time is selected from 6-8 months of the onset peak period of the aniseed anthracnose, and the corresponding control effect and large-area application test are carried out on the aniseed forest lands with 20-25 years of age in the high peak forest farm sand station, the great-lunge countryside red pavilion forest farm in Baise city in Guangxi.
The following are specific experimental data and results:
a1, testing, mixing the synergist newly prepared and stored for 2 years with the commonly recommended medicament variety for preventing and treating the aniseed anthracnose in production, preventing and treating the diseases according to the use concentration of the original medicament, and comparing the prevention and treatment effects of the treatments;
a2, the varieties of tested medicaments are as follows: 5 kinds of prochloraz, pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole, Dasheng M-45 and tebuconazole;
a3, designing the test in a combination mode and processing in the combination by a comparison method, randomly arranging the test in blocks, repeating the test for 3 times, and contrasting with clear water; all treatments are used by adding water spray according to the using method of the original medicine, and the control effect of each treatment is calculated according to the disease spot ratio (the disease spot number is in the percentage of the leaf number) according to the damage characteristics of the diseases according to the test result;
a4, test results show that: after various tested medicaments are added with the synergist, the control effect is improved under the condition of the same using concentration and method as the original medicament, and the improvement range is 16-25%.
The test results are detailed in Table 1 below
Table 1 results of efficacy test of anise anthracnose by adding synergist into raw pesticide
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of examples 1 and 2, the invention also performs an anti-drug resistance test, and the specific test scheme is as follows:
b1, testing and adopting the newly prepared synergist of the invention to mix with the medicament variety which is recommended to be used for preventing and treating the aniseed anthracnose in production, continuously using the synergist for 4 times according to the use concentration of the original medicament to prevent and treat the diseases, and comparing the prevention and treatment effects of the times;
b2, the varieties of tested medicaments are as follows: 3 kinds of prochloraz, pyraclostrobin, tebuconazole and the like;
b3, designing a combination mode in the test, designing each treatment in the combination by a contrast method, arranging the treatment in random blocks, repeating the treatment for 3 times, using clear water for comparison, using all the treatments by adding water spray according to the using method of the original medicament, and calculating the control effect of each treatment according to the hazard characteristics of the diseases by the ratio of the disease spots (the ratio of the number of the disease spots to the number of the leaves);
b4, test results show that: after the synergist is added into various tested medicaments, the control effect of each time is more stable under the condition of the same using concentration and method as the original medicament.
The test results are shown in Table 2 below (note: negative numbers in parentheses)
TABLE 2 preventive and therapeutic effects on anthracnose of Anise Stellati by continuous use of the agent for 4 times
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the invention also performs a field large-area application expanding test, and the specific test scheme is as follows:
the large-area trial is carried out in a great-lun village red pavilion forest field in a hector region in Guangxi, the prevention and control area is 1200 mu, wherein 250 mu of the pesticide is as follows: the benzyl prochloraz aqueous emulsion (difenoconazole and prochloraz) with the content of 40 percent, and the rest 950 mu of the aqueous emulsion comprises the following medicaments: the benzyl prochloraz aqueous emulsion with the content of 40 percent is mixed with 20 percent of the synergist, the pesticide amount is the same for each mu, the pesticide amount is 110 g/mu, the pesticide is sprayed once every 15 days and is continuously sprayed for 2 times, the control effect is investigated on the 15 th day after the pesticide is sprayed for the second time, and the result shows that: compared with the part without the added raw pesticide, the part sprayed with the synergist has the prevention and treatment effect of 81.8 percent, the prevention and treatment effect (65.2 percent) is improved by 16.6 percent, and the disease index (graded according to the disease spot ratio) is reduced by 18.2 percent.
It is worth mentioning from the test results of the above examples 4-5 that the addition of the synergist of the present invention to the original drug (purchased commercial drug) can increase the activity of the original drug, improve the disease prevention effect, slow down the occurrence of the resistance to pathogenic bacteria, and can be popularized and applied in production.
The working principle of the synergist for controlling the aniseed anthracnose and the preparation and use method thereof is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, when the synergist is prepared, firstly, raw medicinal materials required for preparing the synergist are weighed, 10g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of ligusticum wallichii, 15g of burdock, 5g of black cis-strips, 5g of radix curcumae, 5g of fructus forsythiae, 5g of golden cypress, 5g of gynostemma pentaphylla and 3g of radix angelicae are cut and mixed, the raw medicinal materials are dry materials, then, the cut and mixed medicinal materials are placed in corresponding plastic or glass containers, 1600ml of 95% ethanol solution is injected into the containers, the containers are naturally soaked for 10 days, then, the mixed liquid of the medicinal materials is filtered by using filtering equipment, residues are filtered to obtain a raw medicinal liquid, and then, 99-99.5: 0.5-1 weight ratio, adding auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials and the mixture ratio are as follows: fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether phosphate monoester, nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and tween-80 percent, wherein the components of the formula (I): secondly, the step of: the weight ratio is: 35-50: 30-40: 20-25, stirring the mixture for 3-5 minutes by using a stirrer with the rotating speed of about 100-150 revolutions/min to prepare a finished synergist product, and when the synergist is needed, adding 20-25% of the synergist into the raw liquid medicine according to the weight ratio, and mixing and stirring the mixture uniformly according to the same using amount or concentration and using method recommended in the specification of the raw liquid medicine.
The present invention has been described in general terms in the foregoing, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements are within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit of the inventive concept.
Claims (7)
1. The synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose prevention and control medicament is characterized in that: the composition comprises the following components: the medicine is prepared from 99-99.5 weight percent of raw material liquid medicine: 0.5-1 auxiliary materials, wherein the raw material liquid medicine comprises the following materials: rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, rhizoma Chuanxiong, fructus Arctii, HEISAN tablet, radix Curcumae, fructus forsythiae, cortex Phellodendri, gynostemma pentaphyllum, and radix Angelicae Dahuricae.
2. The synergist for improving the effect of aniseed anthracnose control agents according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw material liquid medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of ligusticum wallichii, 15g of burdock, 5g of black cis-piece, 5g of radix curcumae, 5g of fructus forsythiae, 5g of golden cypress, 5g of gynostemma pentaphylla and 3g of radix angelicae, and the raw materials are soaked and extracted by 95% ethanol solution.
3. The synergist for improving the effect of aniseed anthracnose control agents according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary materials comprise fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate monoester, nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and tween-80%, wherein: secondly, the step of: the weight ratio is: 35-50: 30-40: 20 to 25.
4. The preparation method of the synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose control agent is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing raw medicinal materials required by the preparation of the synergist;
s2, placing the cut and mixed medicinal materials into a corresponding plastic or glass container, injecting 1600ml of 95% ethanol solution into the container, and naturally soaking for 10 days;
s3, filtering the medicinal material mixed liquid by using a filtering device, and filtering residues to obtain a raw material liquid medicine;
s4, adding auxiliary materials to prepare a finished synergist;
s5, directly mixing the obtained synergist product with the control agent for use or packaging and storing for later use.
5. The method for preparing the synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose control medicament according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the S1 also comprises the steps of cutting and mixing 10g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of ligusticum wallichii, 15g of burdock, 5g of black tablets, 5g of radix curcumae, 5g of fructus forsythiae, 5g of golden cypress, 5g of gynostemma pentaphylla and 3g of radix angelicae, wherein the raw material medicines are dry materials.
6. The method for preparing the synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose control medicament according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: and S4, adding 0.5-1% of auxiliary materials into the raw material liquid medicine by weight ratio, and stirring for 3-5 minutes by using a stirrer with the rotating speed of about 100-150 r/min to prepare a finished synergist.
7. The use method of the synergist for improving the effect of the aniseed anthracnose control medicament according to claim 1, characterized in that: adding 20-25% of the synergist into the raw liquid medicine according to the weight ratio, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then using according to the same usage amount or concentration and using method recommended in the raw liquid medicine specification.
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