CN114790237B - 一种抗菌肽及其应用 - Google Patents
一种抗菌肽及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114790237B CN114790237B CN202210608414.7A CN202210608414A CN114790237B CN 114790237 B CN114790237 B CN 114790237B CN 202210608414 A CN202210608414 A CN 202210608414A CN 114790237 B CN114790237 B CN 114790237B
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Abstract
本发明涉及基因工程领域,具体的,本发明公开了一种抗菌肽LFcinB‑W及其表达和应用。本发明以牛乳铁蛋白肽(LFcinB)为模板,将第1位、第3位及第10位氨基酸进行色氨酸(Trp)替换,设计出新型高抗菌活性的衍生肽LFcinB‑W;利用基因工程技术构建成重组表达载体pPIC9K‑LFcinB‑W,将重组表达载体电转化至毕赤酵母GS115中,通过甲醇诱导分泌性表达出衍生肽LFcinB‑W;本发明公开的衍生肽LFcinB‑W对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,B.subtilis)的抑菌活性均高于LFcinB,且在体内的抑菌活性也高于LFcinB。本发明公开的抗菌肽LFcinB‑W有望替代抗生素成为一种安全、绿色、高效的理想抗菌剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及基因工程领域,具体的,本发明公开了一种新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W及其表达和应用。
背景技术
抗生素滥用导致的细菌耐药性已成为全球范围内严重的生态问题,寻找有效的抗生素替代品迫在眉睫。抗菌肽有望替代抗生素成为一种安全、绿色、高效的理想抗菌剂。目前抗菌肽的生产方式主要有三种:天然提取、化学合成和生物工程发酵。天然提取过程甚为复杂且效率低,无法推广应用;化学合成成本高昂,不适合工业化生产;生物工程发酵是采用现代工程技术手段,利用微生物的特定功能,为人类生产产品的一种技术,具备质量稳定、成本低等优势,是实现抗菌肽规模化生产的最佳途径。
乳铁蛋白肽(LFcinB,FKCRR WQWRM KKLGA PSITC VRRAF)是由牛乳铁蛋白(BovineLactoferrin,BLF)经消化酶水解产生的一类具有广谱抑菌活性的两亲性阳离子短肽,具有杀菌快速、不易产生抗药性、热稳定性及水溶性好等优点。目前LFcinB的研究主要集中在探究其生物学活性方面,如何得到高质高量的LFcinB产品是制约其开发应用的关键问题。研究者利用大肠杆菌原核表达系统、动物乳腺表达系统、毕赤酵母表达系统成功地对LFcinB进行了体外表达。CN201510686691.X公开了根据牛乳铁蛋白的氨基酸序列和核苷酸序列制备表达载体pPIC9K-LfcinB,并将载体转化到毕赤酵母GS115宿主细胞,形成可表达的重组细胞;培养宿主细胞,使其表达LfcinB抗菌肽;分离浓缩母液,加入蛋白抑制剂及保护剂,经透析和20%的三羟甲基甘氨酸—十二烷基硫酸钠—聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳来获得纯度较高的牛乳铁蛋白;CN201010133179.X公开了利用牛乳铁蛋白的核苷酸序列构建载体pGHX-LCB,构建重组表达质粒pGEX-4T-2-LCB,将重组质粒转化感受态细胞DH5a,提取被转化的阳性感受态细胞DH5a的质粒转化E.coli BL21,利用大肠杆菌诱导表达乳铁蛋白。但是在大肠杆菌中表达的LFcinB因为缺乏结构修饰多以包含体的形式表达,无法分离纯化;动物乳腺表达系统操作繁琐、周期长、成本高;而在酵母中的表达研究较少,产物产量低、稳定性差、活性低。
发明内容
要解决的问题
目前乳铁蛋白肽的抗菌活性有待进一步提高,如何通过基因工程手段提升母肽的抗菌活性,将对抗菌肽的品质进一步的提高,对于本领域技术人员而言是一个重要的挑战。因此,本发明的目的是开发一种高抗菌活性的新型抗菌肽,解决现有技术中存在的不足,提供一种新型牛乳铁蛋白衍生肽及其表达和应用。
技术方案
本发明利用通过基因工程手段,构建了毕赤酵母表达系统分泌性表达出高抗菌活性的抗菌肽LFcinB-W,为开发高产、高效并且作用机制明确的新型抗菌肽提供理论依据,对将来人类的卫生健康和畜牧行业的稳定发展具有重要的应用指导意义。具体的,本发明的提供了一种抗菌肽LFcinB-W,所述抗菌肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。SEQ ID No.1:WKWRR WQWRW KKLGA PSITC VRRAF。
本发明的一个方面,基于本发明的LFcinB-W高效广谱的抗菌能力,本发明的抗菌肽LFcinB-W可以用于制备药物。任意的与感染相关疾病都是本发明LFcinB-W的潜在的治疗对象,优选的,所述药物可以用于抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤,调节肠道菌群。
本发明的一个方面,本发明的抗菌肽LFcinB-W可以用于制备添加剂,所述添加剂为食品、保健品、化妆品或饲料添加剂中的任意一种。本发明的LFcinB-W高效广谱的抗菌能力,本发明的LFcinB-W可以作为一种高效的、绿色、安全的添加剂用于食品保鲜、保健品、化妆品、饲料防腐中,代替各种化学类的防腐剂。
有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明改造设计出一种抗菌肽LFcinB-W序列,并构建出能够大量表达抗菌肽LFcinB-W的重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株,获得抗菌肽LFcinB-W,抗菌肽LFcinB-W对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的抑菌活性均高于母肽LFcinB,该抗菌肽LFcinB-W能减少受感染果蝇体内载菌量、降低细菌活力,该抗菌肽LFcinB-W在体内表现出比LFcinB更好的抗感染活性。本发明提供的抗菌肽LFcinB-W有望替代抗生素成为一种安全、绿色、高效的理想抗菌剂,可作为一种潜在的抗生素替代药物,应用前景十分广阔。
附图说明
图1新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W的理化参数及结构预测。(A)为使用在线蛋白分析工具ProtParam tool(https://web.expasy.org/protparam/)和ProtScale(https://web.expasy.org/protscale/)对抗菌肽LFcinB-W的二级结构组成及分布的预测结果;(B)为使用在线同源建模工具Swiss-Model(https://www.swissmodel.expasy.org/)对抗菌肽LFcinB-W的空间结构的预测结果。
图2重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W的构建。(A)为使用EcoR I和Not I限制性内切酶对空载质粒pPIC9K双酶切的电泳检测结果,M泳道:10000bp Marker;泳道1:未酶切pPIC9K;2:线性化pPIC9K;(B)为重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W的构建示意图;(C)为重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W的电泳检测结果,M泳道:10000bp Marker;泳道1:pPIC9K;泳道2:pPIC9K-LFcinB-W;(D)为使用Sac I对重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W单酶切线性化的电泳检测结果,M泳道:10000bp Marker;泳道1:线性化pPIC9K-LFcinB-W;泳道2:未线性化pPIC9K-LFcinB-W。
图3pPIC9K-LFcinB-W的重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株的筛选。(A)为pPIC9K-LFcinB-W电转化至毕赤酵母感受态细胞,转化产物涂布至MD培养基后的生长情况,MD平板上长出His+转化子。(B)为使用MD培养基和MM培养基对转化子甲醇利用型的筛选结果,甲醇利用型为Muts的转化子相比于Mut+的转化子生长较慢,在挑取的36个His+转化子菌落中,初步观察有10个转化子在MM培养基上生长缓慢,为His+Muts,其余为His+Mut+。(C)为对26个MM培养基筛选出的His+Mut+转化子的PCR鉴定结果,表型为His+Mut+的转化子的PCR产物在电泳检测时出现两条条带,一条为编码AOX1基因片段(2.2kb),一条为pPIC9K-LFcinB-W上的外源基因片段(562bp),表型为His+Muts的转化子的PCR产物电泳时只有一条pPIC9K-LFcinB-W上的外源基因片段(562bp)的条带,泳道1,2,16,25,26只有一条外源基因条带,其表型为His+Muts;其余泳道均有2条条带,表型为His+Mut+;(D)为对21个His+Mut+发酵上清液抑菌性筛选结果,成功获得pPIC9K-LFcinB-W的重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株。
图4LFcinB-W的体外抑菌活性检测。(A)为使用琼脂板扩散法分析和对比发酵上清液中抗菌肽LFcinB-W与LFcinB对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌活性的结果,其中1-2为LFcinB产生的抑菌圈,3-4为LFcinB-W产生的抑菌圈,5为50mg/mL氨苄青霉素钠产生的抑菌圈;(B)为使用Image J对抑菌圈的直径进行统计分析的结果,各组均n≥6,LFcinB-W产生抑菌圈直径约为LFcinB的1.52倍。(C)为使用琼脂板扩散法检测500mg/L抗菌肽LFcinB-W对不同菌种的抑菌效果,其中金黄色葡萄球菌及枯草芽孢杆菌为革兰氏阳性菌,大肠杆菌为革兰氏阴性菌,1-2为LFcinB产生的抑菌圈,3-4为LFcinB-W产生的抑菌圈,5为50mg/mL氨苄青霉素钠产生的抑菌圈;(D)为使用ImageJ对抑菌圈的直径进行统计分析的结果,各组均n≥6,LFcinB-W对金黄色葡萄球菌产生抑菌圈直径约为LFcinB的1.41倍,对大肠杆菌产生的抑菌圈的直径约为LFcinB的1.42倍,对枯草芽孢杆菌产生的抑菌圈的直径约为LFcinB的1.38倍。
图5LFcinB-W的体内抑菌活性检测。(A)为不同食物组上受感染雌果蝇的寿命统计结果,食物中添加LFcinB-W饲养的雌蝇中期寿命由10d被延长至21d,食物中添加母肽LFcinB饲养的雌蝇中期寿命由10d被延长至15d;(B)为不同食物组上受感染雄果蝇的寿命统计结果,食物中添加LFcinB-W培养的雄蝇中期寿命由6d被延长至16d,食物中添加LFcinB培养的雄蝇中期寿命由6d被延长至14d;(C)为使用荧光显微镜1.5倍镜明场下对不同食物组上受感染果蝇的肠道形态的拍摄结果,经病原体感染24h后的果蝇肠道明显缩短,添加抗菌肽LFcinB-W明显挽救肠道缩短的表型;(D)为使用ImageJ对不同食物组上受感染果蝇肠道长度的统计结果,果蝇经ECC15感染诱导24h后,肠道平均长度缩短了23.88%,LFcinB-W组的肠道平均长度增加了27.87%;(E)为使用ImageJ对不同食物组上受感染果蝇肠道单侧表面积的统计结果,受感染果蝇肠道平均单侧表面积缩小了27.12%,LFcinB-W组的肠道平均单侧表面积增加了31.66%。
图6LFcinB-W降低受感染果蝇体内载菌量。(A)为将染菌后的不同食物组果蝇研磨粉碎离心,上清液梯度稀释至1×10-6后涂布平板,在超灵敏化学发光成像系统ColonyPlats模式下所拍摄图片,n≥6;(B)为使用Image J软件对平板上菌落数进行自动统计的结果,n≥6,果蝇受感染后体内载菌量上升了215.97%,细菌细胞活力上升了96.74%;LFcinB-W组的受感染果蝇体内载菌量下降了42.42%,LFcinB组的受感染果蝇体内载菌量下降了36.48%,LFcinB-W组相较于LFcinB组载菌量下降10.49%;(C)为将染菌后不同食物组果蝇研磨粉碎离心,使用CCK-8检测上清中细菌细胞活力的结果,果蝇受感染后体内细菌细胞活力上升了96.74%,LFcinB-W组的受感染果蝇体内细菌细胞活力下降了46.05%,LFcinB组的受感染果蝇体内细菌细胞活力下降了20.91%,LFcinB-W组相较于LFcinB组细菌细胞活力下降46.61%。
图7LFcinB-W降低受感染果蝇体内ROS水平。(A)为为使用试剂盒测定不同食物组受感染果蝇体内H2O2水平,以此反应果蝇体内ROS水平,n=3,果蝇受感染后体内ROS水平显著升高,H2O2含量升高138.07%,LFcinB-W组H2O2含量降低了52.89%,LFcinB组H2O2含量降低了47.74%,LFcinB-W组与LFcinB组之间差异不显著;(B)为使用qPCR测定不同食物组受感染果蝇体内SOD1、SOD2及CAT的mRNA水平,n=3,感染组的果蝇肠道中SOD1的mRNA水平显著升高了48.1%,SOD2的mRNA水平升高52.43%,CAT的mRNA水平升高69.99%;LFcinB-W及母LFcinB组的果蝇肠道中SOD1、SOD2和CAT基因的mRNA水平都相应回调。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步进行描述。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,可以参考冷泉港实验室编写的分子生物学实验指南、细胞生物学实验指南等现有公知的教科书、工具书获得。
首先,对以下实施例所需试剂及其配置方法进行如下说明:
(1)氨苄青霉素(Amp+)溶液:用超纯水配制终浓度为100mg/mL的氨苄青霉素溶液,经0.22μm滤膜过滤,-20℃保存备用。
(2)LB液体培养基:称取1.5g LB肉汤,溶于100mL超纯水,高温高压灭菌,4℃保存。
(3)Amp+/LB液体培养基:在100mL的LB液体培养基中加入1mL的Amp+储存液,使其终浓度达到100μg/mL;加入终浓度为1.5%的琼脂粉即为固体培养基。
(4)10×无氨基酵母氮源(YNB):称取134g无氨基酵母氮源于1000mL去离子水中,加热溶解,使用0.22μm无菌水相滤膜过滤除菌,于4℃保存。(5)500×生物素:称取20mg生物素,溶解于100mL去离子水中,使用0.22μm无菌水相滤膜过滤除菌,于4℃保存。
(6)10×甲醇:量取5mL甲醇,溶于100mL去离子水中,使用0.22μm无菌水相滤膜过滤除菌,于4℃保存。
(7)10×甘油:量取100mL甘油,溶于900mL去离子水中,于121℃,高压灭菌21min,室温保存。
(8)1M磷酸钾缓冲液,pH 6.0:量取132mL 1M的K2HPO4和862mL 1M的KH2PO4,使用磷酸或KOH调整pH=6.0±0.1,于121℃,高压灭菌21min,室温保存,保存期限可超过一年。
(9)YPD液体培养基:酵母提取物10g/L,蛋白胨20g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,于121℃,高压灭菌21min。
(10)YPD固体培养基:酵母提取物10g/L,蛋白胨20g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,琼脂粉15g/L,于121℃,高压灭菌21min。
(11)MD固体培养基:无氨基酵母氮源13.4g/L,生物素0.4mg/L,葡萄糖20g/L,琼脂粉15g/L。
(12)MM固体培养基:无氨基酵母氮源13.4g/L,生物素0.4mg/L,甲醇5mL/L,琼脂粉15g/L。
(13)BMGY液体培养基:酵母提取物10g/L,蛋白胨20g/L,磷酸钾缓冲液(pH6.0)100mM,YNB(无氨基酵母氮源)13.4g/L,生物素0.4mg/L,甲醇5mL/L,
于4℃保存。
(14)BMMY液体培养基:酵母提取物10g/L,蛋白胨20g/L,磷酸钾缓冲液(pH6.0)100mM,YNB(无氨基酵母氮源)13.4g/L,生物素0.4mg/L,甘油10mL/L,于4℃保存。(15)果蝇玉米培养基防腐剂配料:无水乙醇500mL,丙酸125mL,对羟基苯甲酸甲酯50g。
(16)果蝇玉米培养基:玉米粉100g/L,大豆粉10g/L,红糖40g/L,白糖14.5g/L,酵母25g/L,琼脂8g/L,防腐剂2%。
实施例1:新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W的设计
根据NCBI上公布的牛乳铁蛋白肽LfcinB序列为模板(NCBI序列号GI:159162645,其氨基酸序列为:FKCRR WQWRM KKLGA PSITC VRRAF),以提高抗菌肽活性及稳定性为目标,借助生物信息学工具,将第1位、第3位及第10位氨基酸进行色氨酸(Trp)替换,得到新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W序列。利用抗菌肽数据库(APD)及在线的蛋白质及多肽理化参数计算工具ProtParam,对新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W的分子量、理论PI、氨基酸组成、电荷数、疏水氨基酸比例、脂肪族指数和亲水性的平均值进行评估计算,结果如表1所示,LFcinB-W电荷量与LFcinB相同,保持了与靶细菌细胞膜的结合能力,疏水性残基的比例增加至56%,GRAVY比母肽高且在衍生肽中最高,脂肪族指数提高,等电点相近;利用生物信息学工具SOPMA提供的预测方法预测新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W的二级结构,结合对衍生肽理化参数的优化及比较衍生肽与母肽的二级结构变化,结果如图1中(A)所示,LFcinB-W与LFcinB二级结构分布类似均;利用同源建模工具SWISS-MODEL以LFcinB的空间结构为参考模板,模拟LFcinB-W的空间结构并对其结构进行评估和优化,结果如图1中(B)所示,其空间结构与LFcinB类似;利用在线抗菌肽数据库CAMP对LFcinB-W的抗菌活性进行预测,结果如表2所示,预测LFcinB-W为抗菌肽,表明抗菌肽的设计在理论上的合理性。LFcinB-W氨基酸序列SEQ ID No.1:WKWRRWQWRW KKLGA PSITC VRRAF。
表1
多肽名称 | 疏水残基比例 | 净电荷数 | 分子量 | 理论PI | 脂肪族指数 | GRAVY |
LFcinB | 48% | 8 | 3125.80 | 11.84 | 50.8 | -0.576 |
LFcinB-W | 56% | 8 | 3155.70 | 12.18 | 52.92 | -1.129 |
表2
多肽名称 | SVM | RF | DA | ANN | CAMP预测 |
LFcinB | 0.842 | 0.9945 | 0.963 | AMP | AMP |
LFcinB-W | 0.986 | 0.9955 | 0.967 | AMP | AMP |
实施例2:构建分泌性重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W
根据LFcinB-W的氨基酸序列,使用snapgene软件优化设计出LFcinB-W的基因序列,基因序列交由生物公司合成。使用EcoR I和Not I限制性内切酶对pPIC9K质粒双酶切,pPIC9K双酶切的线性化的电泳图如图2A所示,双酶切片段出现在未酶切质粒上方,说明质粒pPIC9K双酶切成功;按照图2中(B)所示形式,使用T4-DNA连接酶将退火形成的LFcinB-W基因片段与双酶切的线性化pPIC9K片段相连接,构建成分泌性表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W,携带重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W的阳性转化子摇瓶培养后送至生物公司进行基因测序鉴定。筛选测序正确后的菌株,摇瓶扩大培养,使用质粒小提试剂盒(Qiagen Plasmid MidiKit)提取质粒备用。构建成功的pPIC9K-LFcinB-W重组载体检测电泳图如图2中(C)所示,由于插入片很小,重组表达载体与空载质粒大小相近,所以DNA条带差异不明显。
实施案例3:获取pPIC9K-LFcinB-W重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株
1)重组表达载体线性化
重组表达载体使用SacⅠ单酶切线性化的电泳检测图如图2中(D)所示,单酶切后的线性化载体条带位于未酶切载体条带上方,表明重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-W已被单酶切线性化。
2)制备毕赤酵母感受态细胞
将YPD平板上的GS115菌种接种至10mL YPD液体培养基中,于30℃,220r/min恒温摇床培养,活化菌种。将1mL活化后的菌液加入至100mL YPD培养基,同上述条件摇瓶培养至OD600=0.8。将菌液1500g,4℃离心5min去掉上清,使用100mL预冷的无菌去离子水重悬,并再次离心除去上清,重复2次。将酵母菌体用适量冰上预冷的1M无菌山梨糖醇溶液重悬,同上述条件离心收集菌体。加入适量冰上预冷的1M无菌山梨糖醇溶液制成毕赤酵母GS115感受态细胞悬液。
3)重组表达载体电转化至GS115
将10μL线性化重组表达载体pPIC9K-LFcinB-L1与80μL GS115感受态细胞用移液枪吹打混匀后,加入冰上预冷的Bio-Rad伯乐2mm电转杯中,将电转杯冰浴5min。设置电转参数:U=1500V,C=25μF,R=200Ω。电转结束后使用1mL冰上预的1M无菌山梨醇将电转杯中的电转产物转移至无菌离心管。将电转产物涂布至MD固体培养基,于30℃恒温培养箱中静置生长3d待His+转化子长出,结果如图3中(A)所示。
4)pPIC9K-LFcinB-W重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株筛选与鉴定
使用MM和MD平板筛选转化子甲醇利用型,His+转化子在MD培养基和MM培养上的生长情况见图3中(B)所示,在挑取的36个His+转化子菌落中,有26个转化子为His+Mut+;为进一步确定转化子的表型,对26个转化子进行PCR检测,以未做电转化的GS115基因组为阴性对照,电泳结果如图3中(C)所示,泳道M:2000bp Marker;泳道G:野生型GS115;1-26泳道:转化子。泳道1,2,16,25,26只有一条外源基因条带,其表型为His+Muts;其余21个泳道均有2条条带,表型为His+Mut+,即筛选到21个His+Mut+;利用甲醇诱导21个转化子发酵表达抗菌肽LFcinB-W,进行抑菌性筛选,结果如图3中(D)所示,成功获得高拷贝的pPIC9K-LFcinB-W重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株。
实施例4:表达及制备新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W
对重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株进行培养,探索最佳的诱导发酵条件,经过摸索得到最适发酵条件为诱导时间:72h,甲醇浓度:2%。
使用2%甲醇诱导pPIC9K-LFcinB-W重组毕赤酵母GS115菌株发酵72h,使重组菌株分泌性表达抗菌肽LFcinB-W,收集发酵液,将发酵液15000g,4℃离心,收集上清弃沉淀,上清液中加入3倍体积无水乙醇除去培养基中杂蛋白,再次离心收集上清液,旋蒸浓缩后冻干。400mL发酵上清液制备的冻干粉质量为8.59g,使用福林酚法检测冻干粉中衍生肽含量约为37.19%。
实施例5:新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W体外抑菌活性检测
使用琼脂板扩散法对发酵上清液中LFcinB-W与LFcinB的抑菌性进行对比,结果如图4所示,图4中(A):1-2为LFcinB产生的抑菌圈;3-4为LFcinB-W产生的抑菌圈;5为50mg/mL氨苄青霉素钠产生的抑菌圈。LFcinB-W对金黄色葡萄球菌产生的抑菌圈的直径约为LFcinB的1.54倍,表明改造设计后的新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W比母肽具有更强的抗菌活性。
使用琼脂板扩散法检测500mg/mL抗菌肽LFcinB-W对不同菌种的抑菌活性,结果如图4所示,图4中(B):1-2为500mg/mL LFcinB产生的抑菌圈;3-4为500mg/mL LFcinB-W产生的抑菌圈;5为50mg/mL氨苄青霉素钠产生的抑菌圈。LFcinB-W对金黄色葡萄球菌(G+)、大肠杆菌(G-)和枯草芽孢杆菌(G+)均具有良好的抑菌活性;图4中(C):1-2为500mg/mL LFcinB产生的抑菌圈;3-4为500mg/mL LFcinB-W产生的抑菌圈;5为50mg/mL氨苄青霉素钠产生的抑菌圈。LFcinB-W对金黄色葡萄球菌产生的抑菌圈的直径约为LFcinB的1.41倍。LFcinB-W对大肠杆菌产生的抑菌圈的直径约为LFcinB的1.42倍,对枯草芽孢杆菌产生的抑菌圈的直径约为LFcinB的1.38倍。
实施例6:新型抗菌肽LFcinB-W体内抑菌活性检测
1)构建黑腹果蝇结肠炎模型
将双层滤纸片放入果蝇PP塑料饲养管中,将200μL ECC15细菌与5%蔗糖的混合液(OD600=200)加至饲养管并浸透滤纸片,重复操作一次后静置至无明显液体析出,对照组为不含菌的5%蔗糖溶液。将已经饥饿脱水2h的成虫果蝇先用CO2麻醉,挑选20只,使用细毛刷轻轻将果蝇扫入加有菌液的饲养管或只加蔗糖的饲养管,此时将饲养管横放等待果蝇在管内苏醒,果蝇苏醒后慢慢将饲养管竖立,谨防果蝇跌落管底被液体粘附后死亡,置于29℃培养箱中培养。对于一过性感染可于2d后将果蝇转移至含有正常食物的饲养管中,置于29℃饲养;对于持续性感染,以后可每2d将果蝇转移至含新鲜菌液滤纸的饲养管中。
2)果蝇寿命实验
收集羽化2-4d内的成蝇,雌雄分组,将已经饥饿脱水2h的成虫果蝇先用CO2麻醉,每挑选20只使用细毛刷轻轻将果蝇扫入加有菌液的饲养管或只加蔗糖的饲养管,此时将饲养管横放等待果蝇在管内苏醒,果蝇苏醒后慢慢将饲养管竖立,谨防果蝇跌落管底被水粘附后死亡,置于29℃培养箱中培养。每24h将果蝇转移至正常食物的饲养管中,并统计果蝇的存活率,实验结果如图5所示,(A)为不同食物组上受感染雌果蝇的寿命统计结果,食物中添加LFcinB-W饲养的雌蝇中期寿命由10d被延长至21d,食物中添加母肽LFcinB饲养的雌蝇中期寿命由10d被延长至15d;(B)为不同食物组上受感染雄果蝇的寿命统计结果,食物中添加LFcinB-W培养的雄蝇中期寿命由6d被延长至16d,食物中添加LFcinB培养的雄蝇中期寿命由6d被延长至14d;结果显示,经病原体Ecc15一过性感染的果蝇寿命明显下降,喂食抗菌肽LFcinB-W和LFcinB明显延长了受感染果蝇的寿命,且LFcinB-W相比于LFcinB对受感染果蝇寿命的挽救效果更好。
3)果蝇肠道形态学变化观察
收集常规培养基中羽化2-3d的雌蝇,经过24h染菌处理后,在解剖盘中分离出12-15条完整果蝇肠道,于荧光显微镜下拍摄肠道形态并统计分析肠道的长度和单侧表面积,结果如图5所示,(C)为使用荧光显微镜1.5倍镜明场下对不同食物组上受感染果蝇的肠道形态的拍摄结果,经病原体感染24h后的果蝇肠道明显缩短,添加抗菌肽LFcinB-W明显挽救肠道缩短的表型;(D)为使用ImageJ对不同食物组上受感染果蝇肠道长度的统计结果,果蝇经ECC15感染诱导24h后,肠道平均长度缩短了23.88%,LFcinB-W组的肠道平均长度增加了27.87%;(E)为使用ImageJ对不同食物组上受感染果蝇肠道单侧表面积的统计结果,受感染果蝇肠道平均单侧表面积缩小了27.12%,LFcinB-W组的肠道平均单侧表面积增加了31.66%。即结果显示,经病原体感染24h后的果蝇肠道明显缩短,添加抗菌肽LFcinB-W明显挽救肠道缩短的表型,且抗菌肽LFcinB-W对果蝇肠道损伤的挽救效果强于LFcinB。
4)受感染果蝇体内细菌载菌量测定
将30只感染24h的成蝇置于离心管中,加入1mL无菌PBS缓冲液,使用一次性研磨杵将果蝇组织粉碎后离心,吸取上清液进行梯度稀释,使用平板计数法统计每个平板生长的菌落数,结果如图6所示,(A)为将染菌后的不同食物组果蝇研磨粉碎离心,上清液梯度稀释至1×10-6后涂布平板,在超灵敏化学发光成像系统Colony Plats模式下所拍摄图片,n≥6;(B)为使用Image J软件对平板上菌落数进行自动统计的结果,n≥6,果蝇受感染后体内载菌量上升了215.97%,细菌细胞活力上升了96.74%;LFcinB-W组的受感染果蝇体内载菌量下降了42.42%,LFcinB组的受感染果蝇体内载菌量下降了36.48%,LFcinB-W组相较于LFcinB组载菌量下降10.49%;即结果显示,在食物中添加抗菌肽LFcinB-W及LFcinB后,LFcinB-W与LFcinB可以在体内发挥抗菌作用,杀死病原菌,同时LFcinB-L1在体内的抗菌活性比LFcinB更高。
5)受感染果蝇体内细菌细胞活力测定
将30只感染24h的成蝇置于离心管中,加入500μL无菌PBS,使用一次性研磨杵将果蝇组织粉碎后离心,吸取100μL菌液于96孔无菌培养板,加入10μL CCK-8Solution,37℃,避光孵育1h,孵育结束后在酶标仪下测定OD450值,结果如图6中(C)所示,将染菌后不同食物组果蝇研磨粉碎离心,使用CCK-8检测上清中细菌细胞活力,果蝇受感染后体内细菌细胞活力上升了96.74%,LFcinB-W组的受感染果蝇体内细菌细胞活力下降了46.05%,LFcinB组的受感染果蝇体内细菌细胞活力下降了20.91%,LFcinB-W组相较于LFcinB组细菌细胞活力下降46.61%。即结果显示,喂食抗菌肽LFcinB-W及LFcinB的受感染果蝇体内细菌细胞活力下降。
6)受感染果蝇体内ROS水平检测
取约100只感染后果蝇于1.5mL离心管,加入500μL裂解液后,使用一次性研磨杵将果蝇组织破碎后离心,取上清液使用H2O2试剂盒测定过氧化氢含量。结果如图7中(A)所示,使用试剂盒测定不同食物组受感染果蝇体内H2O2水平,以此反应果蝇体内ROS水平,n=3,果蝇受感染后体内ROS水平显著升高,H2O2含量升高138.07%,LFcinB-W组H2O2含量降低了52.89%,LFcinB组H2O2含量降低了47.74%,LFcinB-W组与LFcinB组之间差异不显著;即结果显示,受感染果蝇体内H2O2含量显著升高,ROS水平升高,喂食抗菌肽LFcinB-W及LFcinB的受感染果蝇体内H2O2含量显著降低,ROS水平下降。
提取果蝇肠道组织的RNA,反转录后进行qPCR反应测定肠道内SOD1、SOD2和CAT的mRNA水平,引物序列如表3所示,qPCR结果如图7中(B)所示,n=3,感染组的果蝇肠道中SOD1的mRNA水平显著升高了48.1%,SOD2的mRNA水平升高52.43%,CAT的mRNA水平升高69.99%;LFcinB-W及母LFcinB组的果蝇肠道中SOD1、SOD2和CAT基因的mRNA水平都相应回调。即结果显示,受感染果蝇肠道中SOD1、SOD2和CAT基因的mRNA水平显著升高,喂食抗菌肽LFcinB-W及LFcinB的受感染果蝇肠道中SOD1、SOD2和CAT基因的mRNA水平都相应回调。
表3
本发明设计和制备的LFcinB-W具有与母肽相近的二级结构及空间结构,并且通过构建表达载体转化毕赤酵母菌GS115获得了重组表达系统,表达获得的LFcinB-W对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性比母肽LFcinB高约2倍,且对革兰氏阴性菌好革兰氏阳性菌均具有良好的抑菌效果,5)能减少果蝇结肠炎模型体内载菌量、降低细菌活力,维持果蝇肠道形态,延长受感染果蝇的寿命,并且抗菌肽LFcinB-W在体内表现出比LFcinB更好的抗感染活性。本发明制备的LFcinB-W具有广阔的应用前景,可以用于制备感染相关疾病的药物,有望替代抗生素成为一种安全、绿色、高效的理想抗菌剂。同时,本发明抗菌肽LFcinB-W可以用于制备各种添加剂,起到保鲜防腐的作用。
以上内容是结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明具体实施只局限于这些说明,对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单的推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明所提交的权利要求书确定的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种抗菌肽LFcinB-W,其特征在于,所述抗菌肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示,所述SEQ ID No.1为WKWRR WQWRW KKLGA PSITC VRRAF。
2.根据权利要求1所述抗菌肽LFcinB-W在制备药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物是抗结肠炎的药物,或所述药物是抗金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌或枯草芽孢杆菌的药物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌肽LFcinB-W在制备添加剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述添加剂为化妆品或饲料添加剂中的任意一种。
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