CN114657100A - 一株能够缓解流感病毒感染小鼠病理特征的戊糖乳杆菌及其应用 - Google Patents
一株能够缓解流感病毒感染小鼠病理特征的戊糖乳杆菌及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一株能够缓解流感病毒感染小鼠病理特征的戊糖乳杆菌及其应用,属于微生物领域。本发明提供的一株戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227能有效提高流感病毒感染小鼠先天免疫应答,进而预防和/或缓解流感病毒感染的戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227,具体体现在:流感病毒感染小鼠减重缓解;流感病毒感染小鼠肺泡灌洗液总蛋白水平降低86%;流感病毒感染小鼠肺部炎症浸润减少;流感病毒感染小鼠肺部病毒载量降低67%;流感病毒感染小鼠肺部IL‑6水平降低63%;流感病毒感染小鼠血清IL‑6水平降低21%;流感病毒感染小鼠肺部IFN‑β水平增加1倍。并且本发明的戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227可以发酵根皮素产去氨基酪氨酸。因此,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227在制备预防和/或缓解流感病毒感染的产品中,具有巨大的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一株能够缓解流感病毒感染小鼠病理特征的戊糖乳杆菌及其应用,属于微生物领域。
背景技术
流感是流行性感冒的简称,不同于普通感冒,流感的病原体是流感病毒。流感病毒属于正黏病毒科的流感病毒属,常见有甲(A)、乙(B)、丙(C)三型,甲型流感病毒可感染多宿主,包括人类、猪、禽类和鲸等哺乳动物。流感的典型症状为发热、头晕头痛、肌痛、乏力和厌食等,同时伴有呼吸道不适,如鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽等,严重时会伴有潜在致死性的并发症。然而流感大流行时期,感染者均表现为呼吸道发病较重。潜伏期在1~5天,通常情况前3天症状并不明显。
仅19世纪末到21世纪初短短100多年的时间里就发生了四次严重的全球性流感大流行,H1N1和H3N2如今仍是全球流行的流感毒株。目前,临床针对流感的预防和治疗手段主要是流感疫苗和奥司他韦。流感病毒灭活疫苗作为唯一注册用于人的流感疫苗,现行疫苗是基于甲型流感病毒H1N1、H3N2和乙型流感病毒研制的三联灭活疫苗。流感疫苗的有效性取决于流行毒株的匹配度和疫苗组分。疫苗预防流感的依托是机体适应性免疫的免疫记忆功能,专一性较强,仅针对于已感染过的病毒起到预防作用,对于变异流感病毒,现行疫苗不能起到有效的预防作用。而流感病毒最大的特点就是变异性极高,历史上的流感大流行的出现也是变异出的新型感染力强的病毒所造成的。调查显示,甲型流感约每十几年便会发生一次大变异,随着亚型的不断转变,目前已知甲型流感病毒共有135种亚型,流感疫苗对流感病毒的预防存在一定的缺陷。
近年来,随着“肺-肠轴”研究的进展,肠道微生态与肺部疾病存在明显的相关性。流感病毒感染可能导致肠道微生态的紊乱,反之,肠道菌群及其相关的代谢产物可能对机体抵抗流感病毒起到关键作用。由于流感病毒存在免疫逃逸机制,使得机体对病毒的入侵响应降低,因此提高机体的免疫应答,有助于病毒清除。研究表明,肠道微生物有助于提高机体的免疫力,在病毒入侵时增强先天免疫应答,同时增加抗炎因子的表达,以平衡炎症的发生。
肠道细菌产生的代谢产物去氨基酪氨酸被证实可以激活先天免疫中的Ⅰ型干扰素响应,以缓解流感病毒的感染。去氨基酪氨酸,又称为对羟基苯丙酸、根皮酸,是山葵过氧化物酶的灵敏荧光底物,被应用做医药中间体。目前去氨基酪氨酸的主要生产方法是以苯酚、对羟基苯甲醛及对甲氧基苯甲醛为原料进行化学合成。化学合成的方法存在收率低,副产品较多,污染环境等问题。化学合成方法得到的工业产品需要经过纯化及检测才能安全运用到疾病的预防和治疗。而生物转化成为更高效更安全的替代方式。根皮素,主要分布于苹果、梨等多汁水果的果皮及根皮,在日常饮食中可以摄取到。根皮素进入肠道后,可以被肠道菌群利用,水解产生去氨基酪氨酸。补充具有水解根皮素作用的益生菌,可以增加肠源性去氨基酪氨酸的含量,从而激活机体免疫应答、缓解流感病毒感染。
综上所述,或许可通过开发能够激活机体免疫应答从而缓解流感病毒感染小鼠病理特征的益生菌,从而为预防和缓解流感病毒感染提供更安全和高效的选择。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一株戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227,所述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227已于2022年3月21日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:62306,保藏地址为广州市先烈中路100号大院59号楼5楼。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种益生菌制剂,所述益生菌制剂含有上述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述益生菌制剂含有所述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227的湿菌体或冻干细胞。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述益生菌制剂为液体菌剂或固体菌剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述益生菌制剂的制备方法为:将戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227按照占培养基总质量2~4%的接种量接种到培养基中,于37℃下培养30h,得到培养液;将培养液离心,收集菌体;将菌体用pH为7.2的磷酸盐缓冲液清洗3次后用冻干保护剂重悬,得到重悬液;将重悬液采用真空冷冻法进行冻干,得到戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227的发酵剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述冻干保护剂和菌体的质量比为2:1。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述冻干保护剂含有脱脂奶粉、麦芽糊精和L-谷氨酸钠;其中脱脂奶粉:麦芽糊精:L-谷氨酸钠=8~10:8~10:1。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述培养基是由占培养基总质量10%的脱脂乳、0.5%的葡萄糖、1.5%的胰蛋白胨以及0.3%的酵母浸膏溶解于水中制得的。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述培养基的pH为6.8。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种产品,所述产品包含上述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227或上述益生菌制剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述产品包含药品或食品。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述产品中戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227的活菌数不低于1×106CFU/mL。
在一种实施方式中,所述药品含有上述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227、药物载体和/或药用辅料。
在一种实施方式中,所述药物载体包含微囊、微球、纳米粒以及脂质体。
在一种实施方式中,所述药用辅料包含赋形剂以及附加剂。
在一种实施方式中,所述药用辅料包含抗黏合剂、渗透促进剂、缓冲剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、包合剂、吸收剂、保湿剂、溶剂、抛射剂、增溶剂、助溶剂、乳化剂、着色剂、pH值调节剂、黏合剂、崩解剂、填充剂、润滑剂、润湿剂、整合剂、渗透压调节剂、稳定剂、助流剂、矫味剂、防腐剂、发泡剂、助悬剂、包衣材料、芳香剂、稀释剂、絮凝剂与反絮凝剂、助滤剂以及释放阻滞剂。
在一种实施方式中,所述附加剂包含微晶纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素以及精制卵磷脂。
在一种实施方式中,所述药品的剂型包含颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液。
在一种实施方式中,所述食品为发酵食品。
在一种实施方式中,所述食品是使用戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227或上述益生菌制剂生产得到的。
在一种实施方式中,所述食品包括乳制品、豆制品或果蔬制品。
本发明的第四个目的是提供上述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227或上述益生菌制剂在制备具有如下至少一种功能的产品中的应用:
(1)缓解流感病毒感染小鼠减重情况;
(2)减轻流感病毒感染小鼠肺部损伤情况;
(3)下调流感病毒感染小鼠肺部病毒载量;
(4)下调流感病毒感染小鼠肺部和血清中的IL-6水平;
(5)提高流感病毒感染小鼠肺部IFN-β水平;
(6)具有发酵根皮素生产去氨基酪氨酸的能力。
有益效果:
本发明提供一株提高流感病毒感染小鼠先天免疫应答,进而预防和/或缓解流感病毒感染的戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227,具体体现在:
(1)流感病毒感染小鼠减重缓解;
(2)流感病毒感染小鼠肺泡灌洗液总蛋白水平降低86%;
(3)流感病毒感染小鼠肺部炎症浸润减少;
(4)流感病毒感染小鼠肺部病毒载量降低67%;
(5)流感病毒感染小鼠肺部IL-6水平降低63%;
(6)流感病毒感染小鼠血清IL-6水平降低21%;
(7)流感病毒感染小鼠肺部IFN-β水平增加1倍;
(8)戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227发酵根皮素产生去氨基酪氨酸。
因此,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227在制备预防和/或缓解流感病毒感染的产品(如食品、药品或保健食品等)中,具有巨大的应用前景。
生物保藏
一株戊糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus pentosus)CCFM1227,已于2022年3月21日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:62306,保藏地址为广州市先烈中路100号大院59号楼5楼。
附图说明
图1:不同组别实验小鼠体重水平。
图2:不同组别实验小鼠肺泡灌洗液总蛋白水平。
图3:不同组别实验小鼠肺部病理切片。
图4:不同组别实验小鼠肺部病毒载量。
图5:不同组别实验小鼠肺部IL-6水平。
图6:不同组别实验小鼠血清IL-6水平。
图7:不同组别实验小鼠肺部IFN-β水平。
图8:不同菌株发酵根皮酸产生去氨基酪氨酸的水平。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
下述实施例中所涉及的SPF级ICR雌性小鼠购自北京维通利华。
下述实施例中涉及的培养基如下:
MRS培养基配方(1L):蛋白胨10g,牛肉膏10g,酵母粉5g,葡萄糖20g,K2HPO4 2g,柠檬酸二铵2g,乙酸钠2g,吐温80 1mL,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g,MnSO4·4H2O 0.25g,pH为7.2~7.4。
MRS固体培养基配方(1L):蛋白胨10g,牛肉膏10g,酵母粉5g,葡萄糖20g,K2HPO42g,柠檬酸二铵2g,乙酸钠2g,吐温80 1mL,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g,MnSO4·4H2O 0.25g,琼脂20g,pH为7.2~7.4。
M9培养基配方(1L):硫酸镁0.2407g,氯化钙0.0110g,磷酸二氢钾2.9940g,磷酸氢二钠4.7840g,氯化铵0.5001g,氯化钠0.5000g,根皮素0.5mM。
下述实施例中涉及的检测方法如下:
活菌数的检测方法:采用国标《GB 4789.35-2016食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检测乳酸菌检测》。
酸度检测方法:采用国标GB 431334-2010。
戊糖乳杆菌L.pentosus 1为采用相同方法分离从不同的粪便样品中分离获得的另一菌株。
实施例1:菌株的筛选与鉴定
(1)菌株的筛选
将粪便样本用无菌生理盐水进行梯度稀释后涂布于含有制霉菌素的MRS固体培养基,37℃培养24h,挑取MRS固体培养基上不同形态的菌落进行划线分离,直至得到形态一致的纯的单菌落;挑取MRS固体培养基上的纯菌落接种于5mL MRS培养基中,至于37℃条件下培养12h,得到纯化培养液。
(2)菌株的鉴定
将步骤1获得的纯化培养液混匀,离心弃上清,获得菌体。将菌体送至公司进行基因组测序,将测序结果与NCBI数据库中序列进行比对分析发现编号为CCFM1227和1的菌株为戊糖乳杆菌。
(3)菌株的培养和菌悬液的制备
将戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227和L.pentosus 1分别接入MRS固体培养基中于37℃培养24h后,观察其菌落并在显微镜下对其菌体进行观察,发现其菌落乳白色、圆形凸起、光滑,其菌体形状呈轻微不规则、圆形末端的弯曲杆菌,通常单个、成对和小簇存在。
将两株戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227和L.pentosus 1分别接入MRS液体培养基中于37℃培养24h后,转入新鲜的MRS液体培养基中,同样条件培养12h,8,000×g离心菌体15min,用0.9%生理盐水洗涤菌体后于8000×g再次离心10min,弃上清收集菌体,用30%(m/v)蔗糖溶液重悬,冻存于80℃待用。
戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227和L.pentosus 1用于给小鼠灌胃时,从-80℃取出后离心弃上清,用无菌生理盐水重悬得到灌胃用的菌悬液。
实施例2:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠体重减轻的缓解作用
将3-4周龄的SPF级ICR雌性小鼠分成4组,分别为正常组、模型组和CCFM1227实验组和L.pentosus 1实验组,每组8只。动物饲养在扬州大学实验动物中心,普通饲料喂养,恒定温度21-26℃,湿度40-70%,噪声小于等于60dB,动物照度15-20LX(所有动物实验程序皆由扬州大学动物福利与伦理管理委员会进行审查并批准)。
实验周期共计26天,第21天进行造模,在对小鼠进行麻醉后用10μL浓度为5LD50的H1N1病毒悬液鼻滴感染小鼠。实验期间,实验组每天灌胃0.2mL活菌数为1×109CFU/mL的菌悬液,正常组和模型组仅灌胃等量的无菌生理盐水作为对照,所有分组均为自由饮水和摄食。在病毒感染后每天对小鼠进行称重,直至第27天处死小鼠。
实验动物分组及处理方法见表1:
表1实验动物分组
由图1可知,小鼠体重在H1N1病毒感染期间显著降低,表明流感病毒感染导致了小鼠体重的下降;而CCFM1227实验组较之模型组和L.pentosus 1实验组,体重基本保持稳定,体重变化率较模型组和L.pentosus 1实验组分别降低了11.8%和5.54%。
以上实验结果表明,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227可以缓解流感病毒感染导致的体重减轻,其效果显著优于L.pentosus 1。
实施例3:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺部损伤的缓解作用
小鼠分组和造模方式同实施例2。
第21天处死小鼠,获得肺泡灌洗液。
由图2可知,正常组小鼠肺泡灌洗液中蛋白含量较少;而模型组小鼠肺泡灌洗液中蛋白质含量显著增加,表明H1N1流感病毒感染导致了小鼠肺部出现损伤,导致了肺部组织液浸润;而CCFM1227实验组组较之模型组,小鼠的肺泡灌洗液中蛋白质含量显著降低了86%(P<0.01)。
以上实验结果表明,戊糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus pentosus)CCFM1227可以缓解流感病毒感染导致的肺部损伤,其效果显著优于L.pentosus 1。
实施例4:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺部炎症的缓解作用
小鼠分组和造模方式同实施例2。
于第21天处死小鼠,取小鼠左肺叶制作病理学切片,进而进行组织病理学分析。结果见图3。
由图3可知,H1N1流感病毒感染后,模型组小鼠的肺部出现严重的炎症浸润,而实验组小鼠中肺部炎症浸润有明显的缓解,其中L.pentosus 1实验组的肺部的炎症浸润比CCFM1227实验组严重。
以上实验结果表明,相比戊糖乳杆菌L.pentosus 1,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227更能改善H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺部炎症浸润现象。
实施例5:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺部病毒载量的影响
小鼠分组和造模方式同实施例2。
于第21天处死小鼠,获得肺部组织。提取RNA后使用qPCR检测肺部组织病毒载量结果见图4。
表2qPCR检测引物
由图4可知,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227组小鼠的肺部病毒载量相较于模型组小鼠显著降低了67%(P<0.001),而戊糖乳杆菌L.pentosus 1对小鼠肺部病毒载量的影响较小。
以上结果表明,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227能显著降低小鼠肺部病毒载量。
实施例6:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺部炎症因子IL-6水平的影响
小鼠分组和造模方式同实施例2。
于第21天处死小鼠,获得肺部组织。通过ELISA检测肺部组织上清中IL-6水平,结果见图5。
由图5可知,模型组小鼠较正常组小鼠的肺部IL-6水平有显著上调;而灌胃戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227后,肺部IL-6水平显著降低,CCFM1227实验组小鼠较之模型组显著降低了63%(P<0.01)。
以上实验结果表明,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227有降低流感病毒感染小鼠肺部炎症因子IL-6水平的作用,并且其效果显著优于L.pentosus 1。
实施例7:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠血清中炎症因子IL-6的影响
小鼠分组和造模方式同实施例2。
于第21天处死小鼠,血液离心得到上清液,用ELISA试剂盒进行血清中IL-6水平检测。
由图6可知,模型组较正常组小鼠的血清中IL-6水平显著增加;而CCFM1227实验组较之模型组,小鼠血清中IL-6水平显著降低了21%(P<0.05)。
以上实验结果表明,灌胃戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227可以有效降低流感病毒感染小鼠血清中的炎症因子IL-6水平,进一步缓解流感病毒导致的炎症反应。
实施例8:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺部Ⅰ型干扰素细胞因子IFN-β水平的影响
小鼠分组和造模方式同实施例2。
于第21天处死小鼠,获得肺部组织。通过ELISA检测肺部组织上清中IFN-β水平,结果见图7。
由图7可知,模型组较正常组小鼠的肺部IFN-β水平无显著变化;而CCFM1227实验组较之模型组,小鼠肺部中IFN-β水平显著增加了1倍(P<0.01),而戊糖乳杆菌L.pentosus1对肺部IFN-β水平无影响。
以上实验结果表明,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227有提高流感病毒感染小鼠先天免疫Ⅰ型干扰素抗病毒通路响应的作用,有助于提高机体抗病毒的能力,其效果显著优于L.pentosus 1。
实施例9:戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227对根皮素的发酵作用
戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227和L.pentosus 1使用MRS培养基划线并液培活化三代之后,取200μL菌液加到5mL的MRS培养基中,37℃下厌氧培养至平台期初期后,在4℃条件下3400g离心20min去除MRS培养基,并使用PBS清洗一次获得的菌泥。
向菌泥中添加1mL的含有0.5mM根皮素的M9培养基(g/L),37℃厌氧培养24h。微生物的静息培养结束后,4℃,7000g的条件下离心10min,取上清液1mL于1.5mL的离心管中,涡旋振荡10s后取100μL于一根新的1.5mL离心管。加入800μL预冷的甲醇后振荡混匀,放在冰上沉降蛋白30min,然后15000g,4℃离心10min,取上清,45℃真空浓缩2~4h,重悬于100μL20%甲醇水中,15000g,10min,4℃离心,使用0.2μm滤膜过滤。使用液质联用检测去氨基酪氨酸浓度。
由图8可知,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227可以发酵根皮素产生去氨基酪氨酸;而L.pentosus 1则不能产生去氨基酪氨酸。
实施例10:含有戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227菌粉的制备
将保藏于保菌管的戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227的种子液按照占培养基总质量3%的接种量接种到MRS培养基中,于37℃下培养12h,得到培养液;将培养液离心,收集菌体;将菌体用pH为7.2的磷酸盐缓冲液清洗3次后用海藻糖浓度为100g/L的海藻糖冻干保护剂重悬,并控制冻干保护剂和菌体的质量比为2:1,得到重悬液;将重悬液-80℃预冷1.5h后立即转移至冷冻干燥机干燥24h,得到戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227菌粉。
实施例11:含有戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227酸奶的制备
将奶粉、菊粉、甜菊糖、水按重量比20:5:5:75进行混料,均质,制成发酵原材料;以121℃超高温灭菌300s杀菌,然后冷却到42℃,接种保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的混合菌粉,在42℃下发酵12h后,使保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的菌体浓度控制为105CFU/g和107CFU/g,之后进行调配;将发酵产物冷却至37℃,加入戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227冻干菌粉,戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227冻干菌粉的投料量为109CFU戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227/mL酸奶,搅拌,罐装,在4℃下保存2天自然完成后熟,制成益生菌酸奶。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (10)
1.一株戊糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus pentosus)CCFM1227,已于2022年3月21日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:62306,保藏地址为广州市先烈中路100号大院59号楼5楼。
2.一种益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述益生菌制剂含有权利要求1所述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227。
3.根据权利要求2所述的益生菌制剂,其特征在于,所述益生菌制剂含有权利要求1所述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227的湿菌体或冻干细胞。
4.一种产品,其特征在于,所述产品包含权利要求1所述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227或权利要求2或3所述的益生菌制剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的产品,其特征在于,所述产品包含药品或食品。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述产品中权利要求1所述的戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227的活菌数不低于1×106CFU/mL。
7.根据权利要求5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述药品含有权利要求1所述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227、药物载体和/或药用辅料。
8.根据权利要求5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述食品为发酵食品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的产品,其特征在于,所述食品包括乳制品、豆制品或果蔬制品。
10.权利要求1所述戊糖乳杆菌CCFM1227或权利要求2~4任一所述益生菌制剂在制备具有如下至少一种功能的产品中的应用:
(1)缓解流感病毒感染小鼠减重情况;
(2)减轻流感病毒感染小鼠肺部损伤情况;
(3)下调流感病毒感染小鼠肺部病毒载量;
(4)下调流感病毒感染小鼠肺部和血清中的IL-6水平;
(5)提高流感病毒感染小鼠肺部IFN-β水平;
(6)具有发酵根皮素生产去氨基酪氨酸的能力。
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