CN114656743B - 一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒及其制备方法,由以下按重量份数计的原料组成:载体树脂:64‑97.93%;炭黑0‑5%;激光吸收剂:0.01‑5%,光反射剂:0.01‑1%;发泡剂:2‑8%;有机复核颜料红:0.01‑5%;有机复核颜料黄:0.01‑5%;有机复核颜料蓝:0.01‑5%;分散剂:0.01‑1%;加工稳定剂:0.01‑1%;本发明所制备的激光镭雕母粒适用于不同的通用塑料和工程塑料对材料颜色和标记颜色的选择,并且具有添加量少,制备方法简单,对材料性能影响小的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料着色领域,尤其是涉及一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
激光打标是利用高能量密度的激光束对目标作用,使目标表面发生物理或化学变化从而获得可见图案的标记方式,是在激光焊接、激光热处理、激光切割、激光打孔等应用之后发展起来的一门新型加工技术,具有非接触、无污染、无磨损、标记速度快、运作方便、防伪功能强、高速运作自动化,生产成本低的特点。
聚合物可以实现激光打标的前提是聚合物能够吸收激光的波长并且其转化为热量,材料中吸收激光能量的部分产生碳化,雕刻作用是通过熔化或气化被去除材料时实现的,并且热量使材料表层熔化产生气泡,光在微小的气泡下反射,使标记颜色可见,材料面涂层被吸收激光产生的热量烧蚀掉,从而与底层材料形成明显的对比度。但激光束可以穿透大部分的聚合物而不被吸收,聚合物实现激光打标需要通过激光镭雕母粒的改性实现,随着激光打标技术在聚合物中的广泛应用,激光镭雕母粒的需求也日益增加。
中国专利CN102741360B发明了一种可以用用在塑料、涂料、汽车漆、粉末涂料、印刷油墨、纸涂料和造纸原料中白色核和包含单质碳的壳组成的颗粒形式的激光添加剂,可以在深色背景上产生持久的浅色激光标记,但制备工艺繁琐,工业化成本较高。中国专利CN104448531B发明了一种用于浅色的标识的镭雕母粒,母粒载体可以根据基体树脂进行选用,添加量少即可实现雕刻和发泡的作用,但仅实现了浅色的标色,对颜色的选择有很大的局限性。中国专利CN112724497A公开了一种由聚乙烯基体、聚苯乙烯基共聚物、层状结构矿物颗粒、相容剂、润滑剂、交联敏化剂等制备的聚乙烯激光打标母粒,激光打标性能优异,可用于制备光缆护套。但是只针对单一树脂设计的,应用领域受限,目前已公开的资料中很少涉及到颜色和基体树脂可以实现自由选择的激光镭雕母粒。
发明内容
为了填补现有技术的空白,本发明提供了一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒及其制备方法,该方法制备的激光镭雕母粒可以满足差异化的颜色需求,并且适用于PC、PA、ABS等多种基材。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,由以下按重量百分比计的原料组成:
所述载体树脂马来酸酐接枝乙烯丙烯酸酯,马来酸酐通过反应接枝工艺制备,为了增加载体在不同材料的适用性,载体树脂要求丙烯酸酯含量25-35%,熔指≥5g/10min(190℃,2.16kg),接枝率≥0.5%(FTIR方法)。
所述的炭黑为高色素炭黑,粒径9~17nm。
所述的激光吸收剂是一种铌掺杂二氧化钛,铌可以增加二氧化钛吸收激光的效率,粒径0.05-80μm。
所述的光反射剂是表面覆盖着二氧化钛、氧化钛或者其它金属氧化物的云母片,云母的尺寸4-100μm,涂层厚度0.5μm。
所述发泡剂是偶氮二甲酰胺,密度:1.65g/cm3,相对分子量116.1,细度(200目通过)≥99.5%。
所述有机复核颜料红可以是颜料红242、颜料红149,颜料红254,、颜料红247、颜料红144、颜料红214、颜料红122,反射625-740nm波段色光,耐热300℃及以上,本发明优先颜料红149。
所述有机复核颜料黄可以是颜料黄191或颜料黄181,反射565-590nm波段色光,耐热300℃及以上,本发明优先颜料黄191。
所述有机复核颜料蓝可以是颜料蓝15:1或颜料15:3,反射485-500nm波段色光,耐热300℃及以上,本发明优先颜料蓝15:1。
所述的分散剂可以是米糠蜡,熔点90-105℃,粘度40-50m pa.s,密度1.0g/cm3。
所述加工稳定剂是亚磷酸酯和磷酸盐9:1~1:9的组合物,亚磷酸酯可以是三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯,CAS N0.31570-04-4;3,9-二(2,4-二枯基苯氧基)-2,4,8,10-四氧杂-3,9-二磷杂螺[5.5]十一烷,CAS No.154862-43-8;的一种,磷酸盐类抗氧剂是次磷酸钙。
一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方比例称各原料;载体树脂、炭黑、激光吸收剂、光反射剂、发泡剂、有机复核颜料红、有机复核颜料黄、有机复核颜料蓝、分散剂、加工稳定剂,备用;
(2)将上述载体树脂和助剂混合原料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料口加入,在200-260℃的温度下经过熔融挤出、造粒、干燥处理等工序后得到所述的激光镭雕母粒。
上述激光镭雕母粒可以实现多颜色选择、多基材应用,对于增加激光打标工艺在高分子聚合物材料的应用具有重要的意义。
本发明的有益效果:
1)目前市场上激光镭雕母粒以黑打白为主和深颜色打浅颜色,主要是对单一基体树脂进行设计的,并且制备工艺繁琐,本发明可以调节出包括黑色在内的众多颜色,基体树脂涵盖了常见的通用塑料和工程塑料,并且制备工艺简单,对于增加激光打标技术在聚合物的推广具有重要意义。
2)本发明铌掺杂二氧化钛作为激光吸收剂,铌的掺杂增加了二氧化钛的激光吸收效率,并且该体系底色浅,解决了炭黑、碳纳米管等作为激光吸收剂只能做黑色材料的限制,增加了颜色的适用性。
3)本发明有机复核颜料红、有机复核颜料黄、有机复核颜料蓝耐温性高(≥300℃),染色性强,对于900-1100nm激光波可以透过,适用了不同树脂的加工温度,增加了对于基体树脂的使用性。4)本发明偶氮二甲酰胺作为发泡剂,因为它通过氮气的释放而发泡,耐温性高,对基体树脂的适用性广。
通过上述有益效果实现了激光镭雕母粒的多颜色选择、多基材应用的特点,丰富了激光打标工艺在高分子聚合物材料领域的应用。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚,下面将结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明的实施例和对比例采用下列物料,但不限于下列物料:
颜料红149,商品名称PV FAST RED B**,产自CLARIANT;
颜料黄191,商品名称PV FAST YELLOW H2GR,产自CLARIANT;
颜料蓝15:1,商品名称PV FAST BLUE A4R,产自CLARIANT;
炭黑,市售;
激光吸收剂,铌和二氧化钛混合物,市售;
光反射剂,市售;
发泡剂,名称偶氮二甲酰胺,市售;
分散剂,商品名称BIO-R05,产自合才化工科技;
加工稳定剂,次磷酸钙,市售;
加工稳定剂,抗氧剂168,亚磷酸酯抗氧剂,市售;
对标镭雕母粒1#,市售;
对标镭雕母粒2#,市售;
载体树脂,EBA-g-MAH,市售;
聚酰胺树脂PA66,商品名称为EPR27,产自神马工程塑料有限责任公司;
聚碳酸酯树脂PC,商品名称为IR1900,产自台湾台化;
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯,商品名称:1100-211M,产自;长春化工
聚丙烯PP,商品名称BX3900,产自SK;
丙烯腈(A)、丁二烯(B)、苯乙烯(S)三元共聚物ABS,商品名称DG417,产自大沽化工。
实施例1-5及对比例1-5的制备方法:
激光镭雕色母粒的制备:
按配方比例称各原料;载体树脂、炭黑、激光吸收剂、光反射剂、发泡剂、有机复核颜料红、有机复核颜料黄、有机复核颜料蓝、分散剂、加工稳定剂,备用;
将上述载体树脂和助剂混合原料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料口加入,在200-260℃的温度下经过熔融挤出、造粒、干燥处理等工序后得到所述的激光镭雕母粒。
注塑样条制备:
将各类树脂与镭雕母粒的混合后材料在鼓风干燥烘箱中于120℃干燥4h后在220-280℃的注塑温度下注塑成标准样条。将注塑好的力学性能样条在实验室标准环境中(23℃、50%RH)状态调节24h后进行测试。
各性能指标的测试方法:
拉伸强度:拉伸性能:按ISO527方法,样条尺寸:170*10*4mm,试验速度50mm/min
弯曲模量按ISO178方法,样条尺寸:80*10*4mm,试验速度2mm/min。
缺口冲击性能:按ISO 179方法,样条尺寸:80*10*4mm。
激光打标设备:激光波长1064nm,功率50W;
激光打标效果:激光打标根据清晰度的有清晰到模糊分为A、B、C、D、E五个等级,通过目视进行评判,注塑件深色标记颜色为浅色标记为深打浅,注塑件颜色为浅色标记颜色为深色标记为浅打深。
表1:实施例1-8激光镭雕母粒和基体树脂组合物组成及性能:
表2:对比例1-8激光镭雕母粒和基体树脂组合物组成及性能:
通过实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4可以看出,镭雕母粒可以在同一基体树脂中呈现多种镭雕效果,通过实施例1、实施例5、实施例6、实施例7、实施例8,可以看出镭雕母粒可以适用于不同的基体树脂。通过实施例1、实施例8和对比例6、对比例7和对比例8可以看出,镭雕母粒的效果优于现有产品;实施例1和实施例9可以看出本发明的镭雕母粒对于深打浅和浅打深的效果均可以实现;通过实施例1、实施例1、实施例5、实施例6、实施例7、实施例8和对比例1-5可以看出,镭雕母粒的添加并不会影响材料的力学性能。本发明增加了激光打标工艺在高分子聚合物材料中的应用,相比现有产品在颜色的可选择性和基体树脂的适用性显著增加,并且制备工艺简单,有良好的市场应用前景。
Claims (9)
1.一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:由以下按重量百分比计的原料组成:
所述载体树脂马来酸酐接枝乙烯丙烯酸酯,马来酸酐通过反应接枝工艺制备,为了增加载体在不同材料的适用性,载体树脂要求丙烯酸酯含量25-35%,熔指≥5g/10min,接枝率≥0.5%;所述的激光吸收剂是一种铌掺杂二氧化钛,铌可以增加二氧化钛吸收激光的效率,粒径0.05-80μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:所述的炭黑为高色素炭黑,粒径9~17nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:所述的光反射剂是表面覆盖着二氧化钛、氧化钛或者其它金属氧化物的云母片,云母的尺寸4-100μm,涂层厚度0.5μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:所述发泡剂是偶氮二甲酰胺,密度:1.65g/cm3,相对分子量116.1,细度200目通过≥99.5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:所述有机复合颜料红选自颜料红242、颜料红149,颜料红254,、颜料红247、颜料红144、颜料红214、颜料红122,反射625-740nm波段色光,耐热300℃及以上;
所述有机复合颜料黄选自颜料黄191或颜料黄181,反射565-590nm波段色光,耐热300℃及以上;
所述有机复合颜料蓝选自颜料蓝15:1或颜料15:3,反射485-500nm波段色光,耐热300℃及以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:所述有机复合颜料红选自颜料红149;所述有机复合颜料黄选自颜料黄191;所述有机复合颜料蓝选自颜料蓝15:1。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:所述的分散剂为米糠蜡,熔点90-105℃,粘度40-50m pa.s,密度1.0g/cm3。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒,其特征在于:所述加工稳定剂是亚磷酸酯和磷酸盐9:1~1:9的组合物,亚磷酸酯可以是三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯,CAS N0.31570-04-4;3,9-二(2,4-二枯基苯氧基)-2,4,8,10-四氧杂-3,9-二磷杂螺[5.5]十一烷,CAS No.154862-43-8;的一种,磷酸盐类抗氧剂是次磷酸钙。
9.权利要求1-8任意之一所述颜色标识可选的激光镭雕母粒的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方比例称各原料;载体树脂、炭黑、激光吸收剂、光反射剂、发泡剂、有机复合颜料红、有机复合颜料黄、有机复合颜料蓝、分散剂、加工稳定剂,备用;
(2)将上述载体树脂和助剂混合原料通过双螺杆挤出机的主喂料口加入,在200-260℃的温度下经过熔融挤出、造粒、干燥处理等工序后得到所述的激光镭雕母粒。
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