CN114631465A - Low-cost-input environment-friendly seedling raising method - Google Patents
Low-cost-input environment-friendly seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment, which comprises the following steps of: leveling the seedbed, paving fine soil with the thickness of alpha and the particle diameter of beta to form a fine soil layer, and watering until the fine soil layer is fully watered; opening the biomass seedling raising trays loaded with the matrixes and sowed on the fine soil layer in sequence; watering the biomass seedling raising plate until the matrix in the hole is thoroughly drenched; when the surface of the matrix is dry, watering is repeated until 5-7 days before transplanting; after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is prepared according to the weight ratio: adding water-soluble compound fertilizer into water in the proportion of 1: 1000-; wherein, the bottom of the hole of the biomass seedling raising plate is a through hole; alpha is more than 2cm and beta is less than or equal to 2mm when the length of the alpha is more than 0.5 cm. The method can improve the germination rate of seeds, promote the growth of root systems, cultivate strong seedlings, and has high transplanting survival rate and basically no seedling revival stage; the seeds do not need to be germinated, the technical requirement is low, a culture tray is omitted, the cost is saved, and the method is more beneficial to popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seedling culture, in particular to an environment-friendly seedling culture method with low cost investment.
Background
The plug tray, also called seedling tray, has become an important apparatus in the industrial production process of seedlings. No matter flowers or vegetables, plug seedling is the most fundamental change of modern horticulture, and provides guarantee for quick and mass production. At present, plastic hole trays are mainly adopted in agricultural production due to the advantage of price of the plastic hole trays, but the plastic hole trays are poor in air permeability and water permeability, high in strength and high in toughness, influence the development of crop roots and are not beneficial to the growth and development of seedlings. Secondly, the plastic hole tray is difficult to degrade under natural conditions, remains in the soil to influence the soil quality and cause soil pollution. In addition, the plastic plug tray is required to be used for seedling transferring during planting, so that roots are easily damaged, seedlings are easily damaged, and the growth of the seedlings is influenced.
In order to solve the problems that the plastic plug tray is not beneficial to the growth of crops, pollutes the environment and the like, in recent years, a degradable seedling culture container which mainly comprises a plant fiber seedling culture container and a paper seedling culture container is developed domestically. The two degradable seedling raising containers have the advantages that: (1) the water permeability and the air permeability are good, the root system of the seedling is easy to penetrate, and the growth and the development of the seedling are facilitated; (2) can be transplanted together with the seedlings, and the seedling raising container is naturally degraded in the cultivation process.
When the degradable seedling culture container is manufactured, the degradable seedling culture container is formed by pressing after the degradable seedling culture container is bonded by using an adhesive, and if a chemical adhesive is used, soil is still polluted, and soil texture is influenced; if biological adhesives such as latex and vegetable glue are adopted, the addition amount is large, and the unit price of the natural glue is high, so that the manufactured degradable seedling raising container is difficult to be widely applied in agriculture due to price reasons. In addition, although the degradable seedling raising container can be degraded, the degradation period is long, and the degraded substances cannot be completely used as fertilizers to provide nutrition for plants and increase soil fertility.
The applicant has developed a new low-cost biomass seedling raising tray at present, the degradation period is shorter than that of a plant fiber seedling raising container and a paper seedling raising container, and degraded substances can be completely used as fertilizers to provide nutrition for plants and increase soil fertility. However, if the plastic tray is directly replaced without changing the seedling raising method for seedling raising, the seed germination rate is low, so that after various costs are integrated, a grower does not want to use the biomass seedling raising tray instead of the plastic tray, and the plastic-free planting is still difficult to promote.
The side wall of the plate hole of the biomass seedling raising plate is thick, the biomass seedling raising plate is formed by adopting materials such as fungi growth kinked straws and the like, so that the biomass seedling raising plate has the advantages of degradability, capability of being used as nutrients, capability of saving a matrix, capability of being penetrated by a root system, and the like, but also has the defect of strong hypha hydrophobicity, and the biomass seedling raising plate has poor water absorption before being penetrated by the root system and decomposed by microorganisms, and the loaded matrix is few, so that moisture in the matrix can be quickly evaporated, thereby leading to frequent watering at the initial seedling raising stage, and easily leading the biomass seedling raising plate to mildew after excessive watering, and influencing the use. In the earlier stage of popularizing the biomass seedling raising plate, the applicant designs a shallow water dry-wet alternative culture mode combining the biomass seedling raising plate and the tray, although the total seedling raising cost is greatly reduced, the used tray can be reused, but a vegetable farmer is not willing to accept the cost of investing too much on the tray at the earlier stage, so the popularization of the biomass seedling raising plate is still limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: under the condition of ensuring the seed germination rate and seedling quality of seedling, a novel environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment is designed, and further the plastic-free planting development is promoted.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment comprises the following steps of:
s1: leveling the seedbed, paving fine soil with the thickness of alpha and the particle diameter of beta to form a fine soil layer, and watering until the fine soil layer is completely watered;
s2: opening the biomass seedling raising trays loaded with the matrixes and sowed on the fine soil layer in sequence;
s3: watering the biomass seedling raising plate until the matrix in the hole is thoroughly drenched;
s4: when the surface of the substrate is dry, repeating the step S3 until the time is 5-7d before transplanting; after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is prepared according to the weight ratio: adding water-soluble compound fertilizer into water in the proportion of 1: 1000-; wherein, the bottom of the hole of the biomass seedling raising disk is provided with a through hole; alpha is more than 2cm and beta is less than or equal to 2mm when the length of the alpha is more than 0.5 cm.
Further, in the step S4, after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is added to the water every 4-6 days.
Further, before the step S2 is executed, the humidity of the seedbed is firstly adjusted to 80-90%, and the temperature is adjusted to 24-26 ℃; after more than 80% of the seeds germinate, the humidity of the seedbed is adjusted to 70-80%.
Further, the matrix consists of the following components in parts by volume: 15-20 parts of mushroom dregs, 1-5 parts of garden soil and 5-10 parts of perlite.
Further, the plane area of each biomass seedling raising plate is 0.08-0.25m2，0.8cm≤α≤1.5cm。
Further, the step of sowing the seeds to the biomass seedling raising plate is as follows: filling holes of the biomass seedling raising tray with a substrate with the water content of 40-70%; stacking the biomass seedling raising plates filled with the matrix, pressing downwards to form a pit with the depth of 0.2-0.5cm on the surface of the matrix in the hole, sowing the seeds to the pit according to the amount of 2-3 seeds/hole, and finally covering the surface of the hole with the matrix of 2-5 mm.
Further, the number of the stacked layers of the biomass seedling raising plates is 6-8; after sowing, redundant matrix on the surface of the biomass seedling raising plate is swept away, so that the plate lattices of the biomass seedling raising plate are exposed.
Further, when transplanting, firstly soaking the biomass seedling raising tray in a water tank containing liquid medicine, so that the liquid medicine can soak and disinfect the root systems of the seedlings; after the biological material seedling raising tray is completely soaked with the liquid medicine, the biological material seedling raising tray is planted in time and watered with root fixing water.
Further, the biomass seedling raising tray is formed by inoculating fungi to grow and kink after mixing the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of wheat straw, 18 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of quicklime and 1 part of gypsum.
Furthermore, when watering, watering is carried out from top to bottom in a spraying mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the seed germination rate can be improved, the root system growth is promoted, strong seedlings are cultivated, the transplanting survival rate is high, and the seedling revival stage is basically avoided; the seeds do not need to be germinated, the technical requirement is low, a culture tray is omitted, the cost is saved, and the method is more beneficial to popularization. Because the fine soil particles are small, the fine soil layer can quickly absorb a certain amount of water, and all water is prevented from flowing into soil of the seedbed and then seeping away; the biomass seedling raising tray above the fine soil layer is like a mulching film and shields water evaporated in the fine soil layer, most of water can only be absorbed by the matrix after passing through the through holes, water is continuously supplied to seedlings, and watering frequency is reduced. The fine soil particles cannot be too large, otherwise the water storage effect is poor, and the watering frequency needs to be increased. The thickness of the fine soil layer cannot be larger than 2cm, otherwise, the root system of the seedling is easy to be crosslinked in a large amount, the seedling revival stage is caused by root damage during transplanting, and the transplanting survival rate is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical contents, structural features, and concrete embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
Example 1
An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment comprises the following steps of:
s1: leveling the seedbed, paving fine soil with the thickness of alpha and the particle diameter of beta to form a fine soil layer, and watering until the fine soil layer is completely watered;
s2: opening the biomass seedling raising trays loaded with the matrixes and sowed on the fine soil layer in sequence;
s3: watering the biomass seedling raising plate until the matrix in the hole is thoroughly drenched, and making water flow out from the bottom of the hole as thorough drenching;
s4: when the surface of the substrate is dry, repeating the step S3 until the time is 5-7d before transplanting; after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is prepared according to the weight ratio: adding water-soluble compound fertilizer into water in the proportion of 1: 1000-; wherein, the bottom of the hole of the biomass seedling raising disk is provided with a through hole; alpha is more than 2cm and beta is less than or equal to 2mm when the length of the alpha is more than 0.5 cm.
Because the fine soil particles are small, the fine soil layer can quickly absorb a certain amount of water, and all water is prevented from flowing into soil of the seedbed and then seeping away; the biomass seedling raising tray above the fine soil layer is like a mulching film and shields water evaporated in the fine soil layer, most of the water can only be absorbed by the matrix after passing through the through holes, the water is continuously supplied to seedlings, and watering frequency is reduced. The fine soil particles cannot be too large, otherwise the water storage effect is poor, and the watering frequency needs to be increased. The thickness of the fine soil layer cannot be larger than 2cm, otherwise, the root system of the seedling is easy to be crosslinked in a large amount, the seedling revival stage is caused by root damage during transplanting, and the transplanting survival rate is reduced. And stopping watering 5-7 days before transplanting, and aims to air the tray to harden the seedlings so as to facilitate the transportation and transplanting of the biomass seedling raising tray.
Example 2
An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment comprises the following steps of:
s1: leveling the seedbed, paving fine soil with the thickness of alpha and the particle diameter of beta to form a fine soil layer, and watering until the fine soil layer is fully watered;
s2: firstly, adjusting the humidity of a seedbed to 80-90 percent and the temperature to 24-26 ℃; opening the biomass seedling raising trays loaded with the matrixes and sowed on the fine soil layer in sequence;
s3: watering above the biomass seedling raising plate until the matrix in the hole is thoroughly drenched, and making water flow out from the bottom of the hole as thorough drenching;
s4: when the surface of the substrate is dry, repeating the step S3 until the time is 5-7d before transplanting; after more than 80% of seeds germinate, adjusting the humidity of the seedbed to 70-80%, reducing the humidity and promoting the growth of the sprouts; after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is prepared according to the weight ratio: adding water-soluble compound fertilizer into water at the ratio of 1:1000-1500 at intervals of 4-6 days, and fertilizing with water; wherein, the bottom of the hole of the biomass seedling raising disk is provided with a through hole; alpha is more than or equal to 0.8cm and less than or equal to 1.5cm, and beta is less than or equal to 2 mm.
Example 3
Further, in the above examples 1 and 2, the size of the plane area of each of the biomass seedling raising trays was 0.08 to 0.25m2The compound bactericide is formed by inoculating fungi to grow and kink after mixing the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of corn straw and 20-30 parts of wheat straw18 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of quicklime and 1 part of gypsum. The matrix consists of the following components in parts by volume: 15-20 parts of mushroom dregs, 1-5 parts of garden soil and 5-10 parts of perlite.
The steps of sowing seeds to a biomass seedling raising plate are as follows: filling holes of the biomass seedling raising tray with a substrate with the water content of 40-70%; stacking the biomass seedling raising plates filled with the matrix for 6-8 layers, pressing downwards to form a pit with the depth of 0.2-0.5cm on the surface of the matrix in the hole, sowing the seeds to the pit according to the amount of 2-3 seeds/hole, finally covering the surface of the hole with the matrix of 2-5mm, and sweeping away the redundant matrix on the surface of the biomass seedling raising plate to expose the plate lattices of the biomass seedling raising plate.
When watering, watering is carried out from top to bottom by adopting a spraying mode.
When transplanting, firstly soaking the biomass seedling raising tray in a water tank containing liquid medicine to enable the liquid medicine to soak and disinfect the root system of the seedling; after the biomass seedling raising plate is completely soaked with the liquid medicine, the biomass seedling raising plate is planted in time and watered with rooting water.
To further discuss the beneficial effects of the present invention, the following test examples and test example results are further illustrated:
in the following test examples, the adopted biomass seedling raising tray is formed by inoculating oyster mushroom to grow kinks after mixing the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn straw, 30 parts of wheat straw, 18 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of quicklime and 1 part of gypsum. The size of the biomass seedling raising plate is 37cm multiplied by 28 cm; the tray size is: 90cm × 40 cm. The adopted matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 15 parts of mushroom dregs, 5 parts of garden soil, 10 parts of perlite and 60 percent of water content.
The biomass seedling raising plate has the following structure: comprises a supporting part and a connecting part; the supporting part is provided with a through hole and a U-shaped cavity for loading a culture substrate; the through hole is positioned at the bottom of the U-shaped cavity body, and the U-shaped cavity body is also communicated with the outside of the supporting part through the through hole; the supporting part is provided with M rows and N rows, and the M rows and the N rows are all fixed on the connecting part; a gap exists between the outer walls of the two adjacent supporting parts, wherein M, N are natural numbers, N is larger than or equal to 1, and M is larger than or equal to 1. The connecting part is flat, and hollow grooves with the number matched with that of the supporting parts are arranged on the connecting part; the supporting part is fixed in the hollow groove close to the opening end of the U-shaped cavity body; the thickness of the connecting part is A, the height of the supporting part in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the connecting part is B, wherein A is more than or equal to 0.5cm and less than or equal to 0.5B, and B is more than or equal to 2 cm.
When transplanting, firstly soaking the biomass seedling raising tray in a water tank containing liquid medicine to enable the liquid medicine to soak and disinfect the root system of the seedling; after the biological material seedling raising tray is completely soaked with the liquid medicine, the biological material seedling raising tray is planted in time and watered with root fixing water.
Test example 1
An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment comprises the following steps of:
s1: leveling a seedbed, covering fine soil (with the thickness of 1cm and the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 mm) with a 10-mesh screen to form a fine soil layer, and watering until the fine soil layer is completely watered;
s2: firstly, adjusting the humidity of a seedbed to 80-90 percent and the temperature to 24-26 ℃; checking the bottom of the hole of the biomass seedling raising tray to ensure that each hole is a through hole and then loading a substrate with the water content of 60 percent and sowing; opening biomass seedling-raising trays (48 holes, 2-3 cucumber seeds in each hole) which are loaded with matrixes and sown with the same batch of cucumber seeds on a fine soil layer in sequence, wherein the three trays are all three trays;
s3: watering the biomass seedling raising plate until the matrix in the hole is thoroughly drenched, and making water flow out from the bottom of the hole as thorough drenching;
s4: when the surface of the matrix is dry, repeating the step S3 until 7d before transplanting; after more than 80% of seeds germinate, adjusting the humidity of the seedbed to 70-80%; after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is prepared according to the following weight ratio: adding the water-soluble compound fertilizer into water once according to the proportion of 1:1000, and then adding the water-soluble compound fertilizer into the water once every 5 days. Watering is carried out from top to bottom by adopting a spraying mode.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the test example 1 is that the biomass seedling raising tray is placed on a tray, water is added into the tray, and no water is addedWatering above the biomass seedling raising plate. Adding 16.7L/m of water for the first time2Repeatedly adding water or water containing water-soluble compound fertilizer when the surface of the substrate is dry (adding water-soluble compound fertilizer into water every 5 days after the first true leaf appears), wherein the water adding amount of the repeatedly adding water or the water containing water-soluble compound fertilizer is 2.2L/m2。
Comparative example 2
The difference from the test example 1 is that the seedling is grown by using a plastic tray, soil is not paved below the plastic tray, and the loading capacity of the matrix in the plastic tray is 5 times of that of the matrix in the test example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from test example 1 is that the fine soil layer had a thickness of 0.5 cm. At least 3 times a day. The phenomenon that the biomass seedling raising plate is mildewed and partial structure is damaged is found during transplanting.
Comparative example 4
The difference from test example 1 is that the fine soil particles were larger than 2mm (soil was obtained after passing through an 8-mesh sieve and then passing through a 10-mesh sieve and removing particles of 2mm or less). At least 3 times a day. The phenomenon that the biomass seedling raising plate is mildewed and partial structure is damaged is found during transplanting.
Comparative example 5
The difference from test example 1 is that the fine soil layer has a thickness of 2 cm. And (5) during transplanting, the root systems positioned at the fine soil layer between the seedlings are crosslinked.
The seed germination rates were counted for the above test example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 2 on the 10 th day after sowing, the seedling agronomic parameters (plant height, stem thickness, fresh weight of roots, fresh weight on the ground) were counted for the 35 th day after sowing, and the transplant survival rates were counted for the 10 th day after field planting, with the results shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 cucumber seedling Effect results
Test example 2
An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment comprises the following steps of:
s1: leveling a seedbed, covering fine soil (with the thickness of 1cm and the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 mm) with a 10-mesh screen to form a fine soil layer, and watering until the fine soil layer is completely watered;
s2: firstly, adjusting the humidity of a seedbed to 80-90 percent and the temperature to 24-26 ℃; checking the bottom of the hole of the biomass seedling raising tray to ensure that each hole is a through hole and then loading a substrate with the water content of 60 percent and sowing; opening three biomass seedling raising trays (48 holes, 2-3 cucumber seeds in each hole) loaded with the matrix and sown with the same batch of broccoli seeds on a fine soil layer in sequence;
s3: watering the biomass seedling raising plate until the matrix in the hole is thoroughly drenched, and making water flow out from the bottom of the hole as thorough drenching;
s4: when the surface of the substrate is dry, repeating the step S3 until 7d before transplantation; after more than 80% of seeds germinate, adjusting the humidity of the seedbed to 70-80%; after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is prepared according to the weight ratio: adding the water-soluble compound fertilizer into water once according to the proportion of 1:1000, and then adding the water-soluble compound fertilizer into the water once every 5 days. Watering is carried out from top to bottom by adopting a spraying mode.
Comparative example 6
The difference from the experimental example 2 is that the biomass seedling raising tray is placed on a tray, water is added into the tray, and watering is not carried out above the biomass seedling raising tray. Adding 16.7L/m of water for the first time2Repeatedly adding water or water containing water-soluble compound fertilizer when the surface of the substrate is dry (adding water-soluble compound fertilizer into water every 5 days after the first true leaf appears), wherein the water adding amount of the repeatedly adding water or the water containing water-soluble compound fertilizer is 2.2L/m2。
Comparative example 7
The difference from the test example 1 is that the plastic tray is adopted for seedling culture, soil is not paved below the plastic tray, and the loading capacity of the matrix in the plastic tray is 5 times of that of the matrix in the test example 2.
The germination rates of the seeds were counted for test example 2 and comparative examples 6 to 7 on the 10 th day after sowing, the agronomic parameters of the seedlings (plant height, stem thickness, fresh weight of roots, fresh weight on the ground) were counted for the 35 th day after sowing, and the transplanting survival rates were counted for the 10 th day after field planting, with the results shown in table 1.
TABLE 2 Broccoli seedling Effect results
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, compared with the plastic tray seedling and tray shallow water seedling methods, the cucumber seedling and broccoli seedling cultured by the seedling method of the present invention are better: the seedling raising method can improve the seed germination rate, promote the root growth, culture strong seedlings, and has high transplanting survival rate and basically no seedling revival period; the seeds do not need to be germinated, the technical requirement is low, a culture tray is omitted, the cost is saved, and the method is more beneficial to popularization. In test examples 1-2, the actual number of watering times was once a day. And the roots at the fine soil layer are observed during transplanting, the roots are less crosslinked, and the transplanting is not influenced.
In conclusion, the environment-friendly seedling culture method with low cost investment provided by the invention has the advantages that the fine soil particles are small, the fine soil layer can quickly absorb a certain amount of water, and all water is prevented from flowing into soil of the seedbed and then seeping away; the biomass seedling raising tray above the fine soil layer is like a mulching film and shields water evaporated in the fine soil layer, most of the water can only be absorbed by the matrix after passing through the through holes, the water is continuously supplied to seedlings, and watering frequency is reduced. The thickness of the fine soil layer and the size of fine soil particles are appropriate, watering is carried out once a day, the seed germination rate is high, the root growth is promoted, the seedling quality is better, the root system of the seedling is less crosslinked, the transplanting is not influenced, the seedling revival stage does not occur after the transplanting, and the transplanting survival rate is high; the seeds do not need to be germinated, the technical requirement is low, a culture tray is omitted, the cost is saved, and the method is more beneficial to popularization.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: leveling the seedbed, paving fine soil with the thickness of alpha and the particle diameter of beta to form a fine soil layer, and watering until the fine soil layer is completely watered;
s2: opening the biomass seedling raising trays loaded with the matrixes and sown in sequence on a fine soil layer;
s3: watering the biomass seedling raising plate until the matrix in the hole is thoroughly drenched;
s4: when the surface of the substrate is dry, repeating the step S3 until the time is 5-7d before transplanting; after the first true leaf appears, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is prepared according to the weight ratio: adding water-soluble compound fertilizer into water in the proportion of 1: 1000-;
wherein, the bottom of the hole of the biomass seedling raising disk is provided with a through hole; alpha is more than 0.5cm and less than 2cm, and beta is less than or equal to 2 mm.
2. An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost input as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step S4, after the first true leaf appears, water-soluble compound fertilizer is added to the water every 4-6 days.
3. An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost input as claimed in claim 2, wherein before the step S2 is executed, the humidity of the seedbed is firstly adjusted to 80-90%, and the temperature is adjusted to 24-26 ℃; when more than 80% of seeds germinate, the humidity of the seedbed is adjusted to 70-80%.
4. The low-cost environment-friendly seedling raising method according to claim 3, wherein the substrate is composed of the following components in parts by volume: 15-20 parts of mushroom dregs, 1-5 parts of garden soil and 5-10 parts of perlite.
5. The low-cost environment-friendly seedling raising method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the planar area of each biomass seedling raising tray is 0.08-0.25m2，0.8cm≤α≤1.5cm。
6. The low-cost environment-friendly seedling raising method according to claim 5, wherein the step of sowing the seeds into the biomass seedling raising tray comprises: filling holes of the biomass seedling raising tray with a substrate with the water content of 40-70%; stacking the biomass seedling raising plates filled with the matrix, pressing downwards to form a pit with the depth of 0.2-0.5cm on the surface of the matrix in the hole, sowing the seeds to the pit according to the amount of 2-3 seeds/hole, and finally covering the surface of the hole with the matrix of 2-5 mm.
7. The low-cost environment-friendly seedling raising method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the number of the stacked layers of the biomass seedling raising trays is 6-8; after sowing, redundant matrix on the surface of the biomass seedling raising plate is swept away, so that the plate lattices of the biomass seedling raising plate are exposed.
8. An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein during transplanting, the biomass seedling raising tray is soaked in a water pool containing liquid medicine, so that the liquid medicine can soak and disinfect the root system of the seedling; after the biological material seedling raising tray is completely soaked with the liquid medicine, the biological material seedling raising tray is planted in time and watered with root fixing water.
9. The low-cost environment-friendly seedling raising method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the biomass seedling raising tray is formed by inoculating fungi after being mixed according to the following components in parts by weight and growing and kinking: 40-50 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of wheat straw, 18 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of quicklime and 1 part of gypsum.
10. An environment-friendly seedling raising method with low cost investment as claimed in claim 9, wherein watering is carried out from top to bottom by spraying.
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