CN114620905A - Multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system for tail water of land-based mariculture - Google Patents
Multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system for tail water of land-based mariculture Download PDFInfo
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- CN114620905A CN114620905A CN202210381047.1A CN202210381047A CN114620905A CN 114620905 A CN114620905 A CN 114620905A CN 202210381047 A CN202210381047 A CN 202210381047A CN 114620905 A CN114620905 A CN 114620905A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000195474 Sargassum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 21
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 5
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- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 4
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- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 description 3
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000269981 Bothidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208672 Lobelia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218378 Magnolia Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a many animal and plant ecological chain processing system of land-based mariculture tail water multistage, relates to mariculture tail water treatment technical field, includes that the pond is supported, sedimentation tank group, breed group and plant the group including the owner who sets gradually along rivers flow direction, plants the group and supports the pond with main and be linked together. The invention solves the problem that tail water purified by the device in the traditional technology can not absorb floating objects and various organic matters in the water; and the secondary culture using of tail water can not be fully utilized, thereby reducing the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mariculture tail water treatment, in particular to a multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system for land-based mariculture tail water.
Background
In the process of seawater aquaculture, tail water can be directly used for agricultural irrigation and absorbs wastes as the tail water cannot be used for freshwater aquaculture; but tail water generated in the process of seawater aquaculture is directly discharged into the sea, which causes natural disasters such as seawater pollution, red tide and the like, so that a difficult problem is faced in how to ecologically process the tail water.
The patent of a CN210751507U is disclosed among the prior art, this scheme includes tail water drainage ditch, be provided with the frame perpendicularly in the tail water drainage ditch, the mounting groove has been seted up to the inner wall of frame, the mounting groove internalization is provided with the tail water filter screen, the tail water filter screen includes the filter screen and fixes the curb plate in the filter screen both sides, two sets of spacing draw-in grooves have all been seted up to the middle part and the below of curb plate, be provided with the mobile jib perpendicularly in the mounting groove, the upper end of mobile jib is fixed with the handle and the inboard spacing kelly that is fixed with two sets of spacing draw-in grooves of cooperation and uses, the perforation has been seted up to the upper end of mobile jib, it has the dwang to alternate in the perforation. This scheme is filtered the mounting structure who uses the filter screen to the tail water and is improved, is provided with the frame of installing in the inside ditch in the outside of filter screen to there is the mechanism side that conveniently fixes and dismantle the filter screen in inside design, and the bullet board mechanism of cooperation bottom is convenient to be dismantled the filter screen and install simple structure convenient to use.
However, the prior device gradually exposes the defects of the technology along with the use:
first, the physical filtration can be carried out to the tail water to current device, but the tail water after the purification can't realize absorbing the plankton and various organic matters of aquatic for can't realize breeding the use after purifying the tail water.
Second, current device is carrying out the processing procedure to the tail water, can't realize that make full use of tail water carries out secondary aquaculture and uses, has reduced economic benefits.
In view of the above, the prior art is obviously inconvenient and disadvantageous in practical use, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system for tail water of land-based mariculture, which is used for solving the problem that tail water purified by a device in the prior art can not absorb floating objects and various organic matters in the water; and the secondary culture of tail water can not be fully utilized, thereby reducing the economic benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a many animals and plants ecological chain processing system of land-based mariculture tail water multistage, includes that the pond is supported to owner that sets gradually along rivers flow direction, sedimentation tank group, breed group's pond and plant the group, plant the group with the pond is supported to owner and is linked together for water resource and heat energy resource utilize each other.
As an optimized scheme, the sedimentation tank group comprises a primary sedimentation tank and a secondary sedimentation tank which are arranged in series.
As an optimized scheme, a plurality of precipitate collecting barrels are uniformly distributed in the primary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank.
As an optimized scheme, the culture pond group comprises a primary culture pond and a secondary culture pond which are arranged in series.
As an optimized scheme, the first-stage culture pond and the second-stage culture pond are internally provided with planktonic substances for absorbing animal organisms.
Preferably, the planktonic absorbing animal organisms include harbor shellfish, shrimp shellfish, and oysters.
As an optimized scheme, the planting pool group comprises a primary planting pool and a secondary planting pool which are arranged in series.
As an optimized scheme, biological plant absorbers are arranged in the primary planting pond and the secondary planting pond.
Preferably, the biological plant absorber comprises laver, gulfweed and kelp.
As an optimized scheme, the main culture pond, the sedimentation pond group, the culture pond group and the planting pond group respectively comprise an elevated iron frame or a soil enclosure frame which are detachably arranged, and a waterproof plastic woven cloth bag is enclosed in the elevated iron frame or the soil enclosure frame.
As an optimized scheme, a net fence is further arranged on the inner wall of the elevated iron frame in a surrounding mode, and the plastic woven cloth bag is arranged on the inner wall of the net fence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
because the water animals of the main culture pond are different and the water temperature requirements are different, the subsidiary culture aquatic animals are required to be matched with species suitable for the water temperature, such as high-temperature south American shrimps, the culture pond is matched with the harbor shellfish and oysters to filter residual bait and excrement, particularly plankton, after the precipitation of the sedimentation pond, and the planting pond absorbs residual organic matters in the water again by using high-temperature plants such as laver, gulfweed and the like; when low-temperature main breeding objects such as turbots, sea cucumbers and the like are eaten by animals in the breeding pond group, matching with the lobelia shells and the oysters; while in the plant absorption of the planting pool group, low-temperature plants such as kelp are added for secondary absorption;
that is, after the animals are mainly raised, the waste in the tail water is thoroughly removed and the seawater is reduced into natural seawater with high purification degree through at least three layers of decomposition and treatment, first-stage precipitation, second-stage shellfish filtration and feeding and absorption of third-stage plants, and then the natural seawater enters the main raising space to become the water for cultivation;
the main aquaculture aquatic animals pass through the circulating flow state and enough closed water source to complete the whole production period, healthy culture and planting process;
the detachable elevated iron frame is used as a support, a net fence is used as an auxiliary support, a waterproof PE or PP plastic woven cloth bag is arranged in the elevated iron frame, different widths, lengths and heights are set according to the production scale, an opening is formed in the upper top, the operation is convenient, the system is quick to build, and the cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-main culture pond; 2-a first-stage sedimentation tank; 3-a secondary sedimentation tank; 4-first-level culture pond; 5-a second-level culture pond; 6-first-stage planting pond; 7-a secondary planting pond; 8-a sediment collecting barrel.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only used as examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in figure 1, the multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system for the tail water of the land-based mariculture comprises a main culture pond 1, a sedimentation pond group, a culture pond group and a planting pond group which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of water flow, wherein the planting pond group is communicated with the main culture pond 1 and is used for mutually utilizing water resources and heat energy resources.
The main culture pond 1 has the specifications of 1m high, 2m wide and 40m long facilities in each pond, and the top of the pond body is a summer single membrane and a winter composite membrane.
The bottom of the sedimentation tank is designed to be 1m high, 6m wide and 40m long.
The culture pond group is designed to be 6m wide, 1m high and 40m long.
The planting pool group has the facility specification of height of 1m, width of 6m and length of 40 m.
The sedimentation tank group comprises a first-stage sedimentation tank 2 and a second-stage sedimentation tank 3 which are arranged in series.
A plurality of precipitate collecting barrels 8 are uniformly distributed in the first-stage sedimentation tank 2 and the second-stage sedimentation tank 3, and after the precipitates are fished out, methane is utilized, and organic fertilizer is developed. The sea health preserving materials require higher protein content than livestock breeding, and the organic fertilizer value of the sea health preserving materials is also higher.
The culture pond group comprises a first-stage culture pond 4 and a second-stage culture pond 5 which are connected in series.
The first-level culture pond 4 and the second-level culture pond 5 are internally provided with planktonic substances for absorbing animal organisms.
The floating matter absorbing animal organism includes Bay shellfish, shrimp and oyster, and the filter feeding aquatic animal is used as the value added source of food, and has advantages over any mechanical and chemical treatment. If the shellfish filter feeders have insufficient filter feeding, partial feed can be added to increase the shellfish yield and the value output rate.
The planting pool group comprises a first-stage planting pool 6 and a second-stage planting pool 7 which are arranged in series.
Biological plant absorbers are arranged in the first-stage planting pond 6 and the second-stage planting pond 7.
The biological plant absorber comprises thallus Porphyrae, Sargassum and herba Zosterae Marinae, and is planted in different seawater plants to exert photosynthesis to absorb organic substances,
the main culture pond 1, the sedimentation pond group, the culture pond group and the planting pond group all comprise an elevated iron frame or a soil enclosure frame which can be detachably arranged, and a water-tight plastic woven cloth bag is arranged in the elevated iron frame or the soil enclosure frame in an enclosing manner.
The inner wall of the elevated iron frame is also surrounded with a net fence, and the plastic woven cloth bag is arranged on the inner wall of the net fence.
Any aquatic animal or plant has strict requirements on water temperature and illumination. For example, the temperature of the south America shrimps is 27-32 ℃ as required, the temperature of the turbot is 15-18 ℃, the temperature of the kelp is below 20 ℃, the temperature of the shrimp magnolia is below 18 ℃, and the oyster requirement range is a little wider; animals do not require illumination in summer and can be present in winter; however, the aquatic plants can not complete photosynthesis without illumination no matter in winter or summer, so that the achievement of the conditions can not be guaranteed in the open air; and the original greenhouse is not enough to solve the changed production reality by adopting a single stiff covering mode or a light transmission mode.
The technical mode requires that the top of a pool body of the low-temperature animal is paved with a layer of plastic-coated PE woven cloth, then a second layer of bubble anti-seismic film is paved on the plastic-coated PE woven cloth, and finally a layer of plastic-coated PE woven cloth is paved on the anti-seismic film. Therefore, the culture space is completely isolated from the outside, and heat energy cannot be conducted mutually.
As is known, there are three ways of heat transfer, namely radiation, convection, and vibration.
The two layers of plastic-coated PE woven cloth have the functions of preventing radiation, preventing convection and preventing rainwater; and the two layers of bubble films mainly play roles in preventing convection and vibration conduction.
Isolating large space air into individually enclosed small space air is one of the most effective ways to prevent thermal convection and conduction. Of course, the effect is better if the bubble film is injected with inert gas.
The top of the tank body is preferably paved in a mode that lightproof woven cloth is paved for heat insulation in summer and a lightproof composite film is paved for heat preservation in winter.
Therefore, the indoor constant temperature can be kept all the year round, and the water temperature can not change greatly. However, the low-temperature plant growth needs light transmission, the winter is good, once the light transmission causes the water temperature to rise in summer, a layer of common plastic cloth can be laid on the top of the plant tank body, and then a layer of natural plant slurry is sprayed, so that part of sunlight is absorbed when the sunlight penetrates through the tank body.
And a layer of plastic cloth is laid on the upper layer, so that the grass powder cannot be washed away by rainwater, and the temperature of the inside air and the outside air can be isolated. The grass meal has the effects of low cost, better temperature absorption effect and better light transmission effect and is more beneficial to crop growth.
If the temperature is required to be reduced in high-temperature seasons, 1-2 layers of sunshade nets can be temporarily paved on the greenhouse. Electric refrigeration is avoided as much as possible, and power consumption is increased. Under the condition, the method for cultivating the low-temperature aquatic animals such as the turbot by using the underground water resources can be thoroughly improved, and the ordinary seawater only needs to keep a low-temperature circulation state, so that the production can be efficiently established.
The top of the tank body of the high-temperature animals and plants in the early winter can be covered with a first layer of light-transmitting plastic cloth, two layers of light-transmitting anti-seismic inflatable films are additionally arranged, and then a layer of light-transmitting plastic cloth is covered for 4 layers. The inflatable film is in a coiled structure, a plurality of inflatable films can be connected into a whole by a sewing machine when in use, and 5-6 inflatable films are one piece, so that the labor and the force are saved.
The experimental result shows that in 5-month-old ten days of 2021 in Shandong Laizhou Shikumura village, the temperature of the open sea water is about 12 ℃, the temperature of the shrimp pond is about 16 ℃, the temperature of the single membrane pond is about 21 ℃, the highest temperature of the 4-layer membrane pond can reach 34 ℃, and the temperature is generally kept at about 32 ℃.
In northern areas such as Shandong and the like, in the coldest cold season, two layers of anti-seismic aerated membranes and one layer of plastic cloth can be supplemented, and the lowest water temperature can be increased by 5-10 ℃ on the basis of underground surface seawater (about 15-17 ℃), so that the basic requirements for culturing high-temperature aquatic animals such as shrimps and the like can be met; the cultivation of the shrimps can also be normally carried out without additional electric heating. Of course, the heating is carried out, and as the circulating temperatures of all the tank bodies are required to be consistent, the energy consumption is not too large, and the heating is carried out at 1-3 ℃ at the coldest stage. One cultivation period (3-5 months) can be enough to use only the electric energy of the past 1-2 days. After severe cold, the inflatable film and the plastic cloth can be removed successively to keep the water temperature in a proper range. The subsidiary culture follows the main culture, and the water temperature is always coordinated and consistent.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system for tail water of land-based mariculture is characterized in that: including along the main pond (1) of supporting that rivers flow direction set gradually, the sedimentation tank group, breed the group of pond and plant the group of pond, plant the group of pond with main pond (1) of supporting is linked together.
2. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the sedimentation tank group comprises a first-stage sedimentation tank (2) and a second-stage sedimentation tank (3) which are connected in series.
3. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 2, wherein: a plurality of precipitate collecting barrels (8) are uniformly distributed in the primary sedimentation tank (2) and the secondary sedimentation tank (3).
4. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the culture pond group comprises a first-stage culture pond (4) and a second-stage culture pond (5) which are connected in series.
5. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: the first-stage culture pond (4) and the second-stage culture pond (5) are internally provided with planktonic substances for absorbing animal organisms.
6. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 5, wherein: the planktonic substance can be used for absorbing animal organism including Bay shellfish, Liriopsis davidii and Concha Ostreae.
7. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the planting pool group comprises a first-stage planting pool (6) and a second-stage planting pool (7) which are connected in series.
8. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 7, wherein: biological plant absorbers are arranged in the first-stage planting pool (6) and the second-stage planting pool (7).
9. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 8, wherein: the biological plant absorber comprises thallus Porphyrae, Sargassum and herba Zosterae Marinae.
10. The land-based mariculture tail water multi-level multi-animal and plant ecological chain treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the main culture pond (1), the sedimentation pond group, the culture pond group and the planting pond group all comprise an elevated iron frame or a soil enclosure frame which can be detachably arranged, and a waterproof plastic woven cloth bag is arranged on the inner periphery of the elevated iron frame or the soil enclosure frame.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115568415A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-06 | 温州科技职业学院 | Wisdom laver planting device |
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| CN114044613A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-15 | 唐山市曹妃甸区会达水产养殖有限公司 | Fishery composite industrial aquaculture tail water treatment system and method |
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