CN114617202A - Compound microecological preparation for improving disease resistance and production performance of ducks as well as preparation method and application of compound microecological preparation - Google Patents
Compound microecological preparation for improving disease resistance and production performance of ducks as well as preparation method and application of compound microecological preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114617202A CN114617202A CN202210313729.9A CN202210313729A CN114617202A CN 114617202 A CN114617202 A CN 114617202A CN 202210313729 A CN202210313729 A CN 202210313729A CN 114617202 A CN114617202 A CN 114617202A
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- microecological preparation
- enterococcus faecalis
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a compound microecological preparation for ducks, which is mainly prepared from enterococcus faecalis and comprises various components such as enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans, clostridium butyricum, yeast cell walls, astragalus polysaccharides, isatis roots and the like; the live bacteria number is high, the property is stable, the feed can be mixed for feeding, and the use is convenient; can obviously improve the ecological balance of duck intestinal flora, promote the growth of organisms, improve the utilization rate of feed, enhance the immunologic function of the duckling, effectively prevent common duck diseases such as duck colibacillosis, duck salmonellosis, duck welfare clostridia disease, duck plague riemerella bacillosis and the like, can be used for adding antibiotic substitutes into the feed, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed additives, in particular to a compound microecological preparation for improving disease resistance and production performance of ducks, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
China is a big waterfowl breeding country, and according to related data, 31.05 hundred million commercial meat ducks are listed in 2014, which occupy 70.5% of the global share, and the total yield of the waterfowl industry reaches 1506.44 hundred million yuan. 4.3 million tons of duck related products are exported in the same year, and the export amount is 9242.14 ten thousand dollars. With the continuous development of the breeding industry towards the large-scale, intensive and green direction, the waterfowl breeding becomes more and more refined and scientific. In recent years, due to multiple considerations, the continuous policy of our country restricts the application of antibiotics in the breeding industry, which brings an opportunity for the development of microecological green pollution-free feed additives.
The probiotics are microorganisms which parasitize human bodies and livestock bodies, can improve the micro-ecological balance of hosts and play a probiotic role. The probiotics represented by enterococcus faecalis in the patent has the characteristics of acid resistance and cholate resistance, has the functions of conditioning the balance of gastrointestinal flora of organisms, preventing gastrointestinal diseases, antagonizing pathogenic bacteria and improving the immunity and the resistance of livestock and poultry, can also inhibit the growth of various pathogenic bacteria, and has good probiotic effect. The probiotics metabolize to produce organic acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid and the like, and the pH of the environment can be obviously reduced after a large amount of organic acids are accumulated to a certain degree, so that the aim of inhibiting the growth and the propagation of putrefying bacteria and pathogenic bacteria is fulfilled; the pathogenic bacteria are competitive with the pathogenic bacteria for adhesion sites, nutrient substances and secretion antibacterial substances to inhibit the colonization of the pathogenic bacteria, accelerate the discharge of the pathogenic bacteria and maintain the balance of intestinal microbial flora. Secondly, the probiotics can improve the digestibility of protein, promote the digestion and absorption of lipid, improve the utilization rate of calcium and phosphorus and promote the absorption of vitamin D.
Enterococcus faecalis can produce organic acid and bacteriocin, has a certain inhibiting effect on pathogenic bacteria, and is an important probiotic in animal intestinal tracts. Screening enterococcus faecalis with good immunogenicity and growth promoting effect, further improving the development and utilization of enterococcus faecalis in waterfowl culture, and improving the economic benefit of waterfowl culture.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to fill the blank of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a compound microecological preparation for improving the disease resistance and the production performance of ducks and a preparation method thereof. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect of the invention, a composite microecological preparation for ducks is provided, which is characterized by comprising Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis), Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum), Bacillus coagulans (Bacillus coagulons), Clostridium butyricum (Clostridium butyricum), yeast cell walls, astragalus polysaccharides and isatis roots.
In one embodiment, the enterococcus faecalis has a collection number of CCTCCM 2022020; the lactobacillus plantarum deposit number is CICC 20022; the Bacillus coagulans deposit number is CICC21736, and the Clostridium butyricum deposit number is CICC No. 23847.
In one embodiment, the yeast cell wall is a baker's yeast cell wall containing 30% beta-glucan.
In a preferred embodiment, the enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum are bacterial powders prepared by microencapsulating and coating bacterial fermentation liquor, and the viable count of the coated bacterial powders is respectively as follows: enterococcus faecalis 1-5 x 1011CFU/g, Lactobacillus plantarum 5-10 multiplied by 1010CFU/g, Bacillus coagulans 1-2 x 1010CFU/g, Clostridium butyricum 1-4 x 1010CFU/g。
In a preferred embodiment, the composite microecological preparation for the ducks comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-35% of enterococcus faecalis, 10-20% of lactobacillus plantarum, 10-15% of bacillus coagulans, 10-20% of clostridium butyricum, 10-15% of yeast cell wall, 5-10% of astragalus polysaccharide and 5-10% of isatis root.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned composite microecological preparation for ducks, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of fungal powder
Respectively fermenting enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum, mixing fermentation liquor according to a proportion, performing microencapsulation coating treatment to obtain an inclusion compound, performing low-temperature vacuum drying and crushing, mixing the inclusion compound with microcrystalline cellulose and corn starch, spraying a sodium alginate aqueous solution for performing shot blasting granulation to obtain microsphere particles, performing low-temperature vacuum drying on the microsphere particles, and performing bottom spraying coating by using vegetable oil to obtain microencapsulated bacteria powder for later use;
(2) pulverizing and sieving solid raw materials
Respectively pulverizing yeast cell wall, radix astragali polysaccharide and radix Isatidis, sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
(3) Mixing of solid raw materials
Proportionally placing the crushed and sieved yeast cell walls, astragalus polysaccharide, radix isatidis and microencapsulated bacteria powder into stirring equipment, and uniformly mixing.
The third aspect of the invention provides application of the composite microecological preparation for ducks in preparation of feeds for improving ecological balance of duck intestinal flora and promoting growth.
The third aspect of the invention provides application of the compound microecological preparation for ducks in preparation of feeds for preventing duck colibacillosis, duck salmonellosis, duck clostridium welchii disease and duck riemerella anatipestifer disease.
In one embodiment, the application is that the duck compound microecological preparation is mixed and stirred with duck feed for use, and the addition amount of the microecological preparation is 8-10 × 10 times of that of enterococcus faecalis respectively based on the number of viable bacteria in the mixed feed12CFU/ton, lactobacillus plantarum 5-8 multiplied by 10115-12 x 10 CFU/ton Bacillus coagulans118-12 multiplied by 10 Clostridium butyricum/ton11CFU/ton calculation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the selected strains of the composite microecological preparation for the ducks are subjected to multiple screening, and the four strains act synergistically. Wherein the selected enterococcus faecalis has acid resistance and cholate resistance, is beneficial to adhesion and permanent planting in intestinal tracts, and can effectively regulate the number of intestinal flora and promote the growth of organisms; the lactobacillus plantarum has high number of fermentation live bacteria, can generate lactic acid, antibiotics and the like, and the generated acidic substances can degrade heavy metals; the bacillus coagulans has high intestinal wall adhesive force, supports good digestion function and can quickly establish an intestinal dominant probiotic community; the clostridium butyricum can regulate the balance of animal intestinal flora, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in animal intestinal, antagonize and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria in the intestinal, improve the activity of digestive enzyme and lysozyme, repair intestinal mucosa and the like.
(2) The composite microecological preparation for the ducks, disclosed by the invention, is high in viable count, stable in property, capable of being mixed with feed for feeding and convenient to use.
(3) The raw materials used in the invention are all healthy and beneficial, and have no side effect. Wherein, the yeast cell wall firmly adsorbs the mycotoxin in the feed through intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals force and the like, and the toxin is prevented from being absorbed by intestinal tracts; the astragalus polysaccharide can be used as an immunopotentiator to strengthen the functions of immune organs, so that the organism can generate more lymphocytes and the generation of antibodies is increased; the radix isatidis has obvious effects of clearing heat, cooling blood, resisting bacteria and resisting virus.
(4) The compound microecological preparation for the ducks has the effects of efficiently preventing and treating duck colibacillosis, duck salmonellosis, duck clostridium welchii disease and duck riemerella anatipestifer disease.
(5) The compound microecological preparation for ducks has the effects of improving the ecological balance of intestinal flora of the ducks, enhancing the immune function, promoting the growth of the ducks and improving the utilization rate of feed.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention.
The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not known to manufacturers and are available from normal sources.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are all conventional ones unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
Example 1: strain screening
The inhibition effect of enterococcus faecalis (number: CCTCCM2022020, purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC)) liquid, lactobacillus plantarum (number: CICC20022, purchased from China center for Industrial microbial cultures Collection (CICC)) liquid, bacillus coagulans (number: CICC21736, purchased from China center for Industrial microbial cultures Collection (CICC)) liquid, clostridium butyricum (number: CICC No.23847, purchased from China center for Industrial microbial cultures Collection (CICC)) liquid, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus casei, bacillus pumilus and lactobacillus buchneri on duck source escherichia coli, salmonella, riemerella and clostridium welchii is respectively taken. Respectively carrying out resuscitation culture (liquid culture-plate streaking-liquid culture) on Escherichia coli, salmonella, Riemerella and Clostridium welchii on respective culture medium, counting by plate counting method, and adjusting the concentration of each probiotic liquid to 1 × 108CFU/mL is reserved, and the concentration of each pathogenic bacterium liquid is adjusted to the pathogenic concentration of 1 multiplied by 106CFU/mL is ready for use.
(1) 1mL of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Riemerella and Clostridium welchii bacterial liquid is taken as a blank control in 50mL of liquid culture medium and cultured for 24h at 37 ℃. And taking 100 mu L of each culture bottle, performing gradient dilution, coating plates, counting, and observing and recording 3 parallel groups.
TABLE 1 isolated culture of pathogenic bacteria (placebo)
(2) Respectively inoculating 1mL of enterococcus faecalis liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, bacillus coagulans liquid, clostridium butyricum liquid, bacillus licheniformis liquid, lactobacillus casei liquid, bacillus pumilus liquid and lactobacillus buchneri liquid into 50mL of liquid culture medium to serve as early stage planting bacteria, culturing for 24h at 37 ℃, inoculating 1mL of escherichia coli, salmonella, riemerella and clostridium welchii liquid into early stage planting enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum, performing 3 parallels on each experimental group, culturing for 24h at 37 ℃, taking 100 mu L of each culture bottle, coating plates after gradient dilution, counting, observing and recording. The number of viable bacteria of each pathogen in each early colonizing probiotic environment is shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 competitive inhibitory Effect of early colonization by Strain on pathogenic bacteria (cfu/ml)
Through comparative analysis, the pathogenic bacteria inhibition capability of the bacillus licheniformis, the lactobacillus casei, the bacillus pumilus and the lactobacillus buchneri is obviously weaker than that of the enterococcus faecalis, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus coagulans and the clostridium butyricum. Enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum are selected as bacteria for preparation.
Example 2: preparation of the composite preparation
The preparation method of the composite microecological preparation comprises the following steps:
10g of enterococcus faecalis powder, 10g of lactobacillus plantarum powder, 5g of bacillus coagulans powder, 4g of clostridium butyricum powder, 10% of yeast cell wall, 5g of astragalus polysaccharide and 5g of isatis root. The enterococcus faecalis, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus coagulans and the clostridium butyricum are prepared by microencapsulating and coating strain fermentation liquor to form bacterium powder, and the viable count of the coated bacterium powder is respectively as follows: enterococcus faecalis 1-5 x 1011CFU/g, Lactobacillus plantarum 5-10 multiplied by 1010CFU/g, Bacillus coagulans 2X 1010CFU/g, Clostridium butyricum 1 ~ 4 x 1010CFU/g. The composite microecological preparation is mixed with conventional duck feed in a mass ratio of 0.03-0.06 thousandth.
Example 3: the composite microecological preparation and the bacteriostatic action of the single effective component thereof
And (3) respectively inhibiting duck-origin escherichia coli, salmonella, riemerella and clostridium welchii by taking the composite microecological preparation bacterial liquid (the total bacterial number is the same as that of a single preparation), enterococcus faecalis liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, bacillus coagulans liquid and clostridium butyricum liquid. Respectively carrying out resuscitation culture (liquid culture-plate streaking-liquid culture) on Escherichia coli, salmonella, Riemerella and Clostridium welchii on respective culture medium, counting by plate counting method, and adjusting the concentrations of the composite microecological preparation bacteria liquid and the probiotic bacteria liquid to 1 × 108CFU/mL is reserved, and the concentration of pathogenic bacteria liquid is adjusted to the pathogenic concentration of 1 multiplied by 106CFU/mL is ready for use.
(1) Pathogen isolated culture experiment: 1mL of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Riemerella and Clostridium welchii bacterial liquid is taken as a blank control in 50mL of liquid culture medium and cultured for 24h at 37 ℃. And taking 100 mu L of each culture bottle, performing gradient dilution, coating plates, counting, and observing and recording 3 parallel groups.
TABLE 1 isolated culture of pathogenic bacteria (placebo)
(2) Early probiotic colonization experiment: respectively inoculating 1mL of composite microecological preparation bacterial liquid (the total bacterial number is the same as that of a single preparation), enterococcus faecalis liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, bacillus coagulans liquid and clostridium butyricum liquid into 50mL of liquid culture medium to serve as early stage field planting bacteria, culturing at 37 ℃ for 24h, inoculating 1mL of escherichia coli, salmonella, riemerella and clostridium welchii liquid into the composite microecological preparation, enterococcus faecalis liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, bacillus coagulans liquid and clostridium butyricum liquid which are early stage field planting bacteria, performing 3 parallel culturing at 37 ℃ for 24h, taking 100 mu L of each culture bottle, coating plates after gradient dilution for counting, observing and recording.
TABLE 2 competitive inhibitory Effect of early colonization by Strain on pathogenic bacteria (cfu/ml)
(3) Later-stage planting experiment of probiotics: inoculating 1mL of escherichia coli, salmonella, riemerella and clostridium welchii liquid into 50mL of liquid culture medium to serve as early stage field planting bacteria, culturing for 24h at 37 ℃, inoculating 1mL of compound microecological preparation bacterial liquid (the total bacterial number is the same as that of a single preparation), enterococcus faecalis liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, bacillus coagulans liquid and clostridium butyricum liquid into the liquid culture medium of the escherichia coli, salmonella, riemerella and clostridium welchii liquid which are planted at early stage, taking 100 mu L of each culture bottle, coating plates after gradient dilution for counting, conducting 3 parallel operations on each experimental group, culturing for 24h at 37 ℃, observing and recording.
TABLE 3 competitive inhibition of pathogenic bacteria by late colonization of the Strain (cfu/ml)
(4) Probiotic and harmful bacteria co-culture experiment: respectively taking 1mL of composite microecological preparation bacterial liquid (the total bacterial number is the same as that of a single preparation), enterococcus faecalis liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, bacillus coagulans liquid, clostridium butyricum liquid, equivalent escherichia coli, salmonella, riemerella and clostridium welchii liquid, simultaneously inoculating the liquid into 50mL of liquid culture medium, culturing for 24h at 37 ℃, taking 100 mu L of the liquid culture medium from each culture bottle, coating plates for counting after gradient dilution, making 3 parallel experiments for each experimental group, culturing for 24h at 37 ℃, observing and recording.
TABLE 4 competitive inhibition of pathogenic bacteria by Co-cultivation (cfu/ml)
The results show that the composite microecological preparation bacterial liquid, the enterococcus faecalis liquid, the lactobacillus plantarum liquid, the bacillus coagulans liquid and the clostridium butyricum liquid have inhibition effects on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria when being mixed and cultured with the pathogenic bacteria, but the inhibition effects of the enterococcus faecalis liquid, the lactobacillus plantarum liquid, the bacillus coagulans liquid and the clostridium butyricum liquid on the four pathogenic bacteria are not as good as the inhibition effects of the composite microecological preparation fermentation liquid, which shows that the inhibition effects on the four pathogenic bacteria are the best when the enterococcus faecalis, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus coagulans and the clostridium butyricum are prepared into the composite preparation.
Example 4: application example 1 of the single microecological preparation and the composite microecological preparation in meat duck breeding
In 9 months 2015, 1800 cherry valley meat ducks in a Xuzhou meat duck farm in Jiangsu suddenly die due to the falling of the feathers at the head and wings, and begin to discharge watery or feed-type feces and brown and black feces in severe cases. The cesarean examination shows the bleeding of the small intestine, the mucosa falling off, necrosis and the intestinal tympanites. And (3) streaking intestinal mucosa of the meat ducks died of diseases on a thioglycollate fluid culture medium for culture, and separating the clostridium welchii. The 1800 sick birds were tested, followed and observed, and the complex micro-ecological preparation prepared in example 2 was mixed with feed, the addition amount was 500g of complex micro-ecological preparation per ton of duck feed, and a single micro-ecological preparation group (which means that one of the bacteria in the complex micro-ecological preparation is selected to prepare the micro-ecological preparation, the total addition amount of the single bacteria and the complex bacteria is the same) and a blank group (which does not contain the micro-ecological preparation) were set as controls. The results are shown in table 6, after the microecologics are continuously used for mixing the feed for 20 days, the growth conditions of meat ducks of other groups except the blank group are obviously improved, and the death rate is reduced; the feed conversion ratio and the death and culling rate of the single microecological preparation group, the composite microecological preparation group and the antibiotic group are lower than those of the blank group, which shows that the single microecological preparation and the composite microecological preparation can relieve necrotic enteritis caused by clostridium welchii and enhance immunity of meat ducks, and the effect of the composite microecological preparation group is superior to that of the single microecological preparation group. The compound is used regularly during cultivation, so that necrotic enteritis of meat ducks can be effectively prevented, and the use of antibiotics is reduced.
Table 6 meat ratio and death and culling rate (meat duck) of each group in example 4
Example 5: application example 2 of the single microecological preparation and the composite microecological preparation in meat duck breeding
In 2016, 3 months, about 1000 ducklings in a meat duck farm in Jiangsu doreither have nervous symptoms of lassitude, lethargy, secretion in eyes and nose, light green excrement, tremor of head and neck and the like. The autopsy revealed a cellulosic exudate, most notably pericardium, liver surface. Aseptically picking the brain and liver of the duck, inoculating the brain and liver to a duck blood agar plate culture medium, and separating out Riemerella anatipestifer. The 1000 sick birds are tested, tracked and observed, the compound/single microecological preparation is used for mixing materials (the same group as the example 4), and the adding amount is 500g of the compound microecological preparation added in each ton of duck feed. The results shown in Table 7 show that after 20 days of continuous use, the growth conditions of meat ducks in other groups except the blank group (the feed does not contain the microecological preparation) are obviously improved, and the death rate is reduced; the feed conversion ratio and the death and culling rate of the single microecological preparation group, the composite microecological preparation group and the antibiotic group are lower than those of the blank group, so that the single microecological preparation and the composite microecological preparation can relieve duck infectious serositis caused by riemerella anatipestifer and enhance immunity of meat ducks, and the effect of the composite microecological preparation group is superior to that of the single microecological preparation group. The compound is used regularly in the cultivation, so that the morbidity of necrotic enteritis of meat ducks can be effectively reduced, and the use of antibiotics is reduced.
TABLE 7 meat ratio and death and culling rate of each group (meat duck)
Example 6: application example 3 of the single microecological preparation and the composite microecological preparation in laying duck breeding
In 2016, about 1200 Shaoxing white ducks in a certain egg duck farm in Shandong chat are in 3 months and have depressed spirit and reduced appetite. Yellow white thin manure. The cesarean examination can show the cellulolytic pericarditis and peritonitis. The cellulose glue film on the pericardium is not easy to peel off, the laying rate of the female duck is reduced, the abdomen is enlarged, and the white excrement with protein fragments is discharged. The abdominal cavity was dissected full of egg yolk fragments. Aseptically picking the diseased duck liver, inoculating the diseased duck liver to SS selective medium, and separating out escherichia coli. The 1200 sick birds are tested, tracked and observed, and the compound/single microecological preparation is used for mixing the feed (the same group as the example 4), wherein the addition amount of the compound microecological preparation is 300g per ton of duck feed. The results are shown in table 8, after 20 days of continuous use, the growth conditions of the laying ducks of other groups except the blank group (the feed does not contain the microecologics) are obviously improved, and the death rate is reduced; the laying rate is basically restored to a normal level; the single microbial preparation and the compound microbial preparation can relieve duck colibacillosis caused by escherichia coli, improve laying rate and average egg weight of laying ducks, and the effect of the compound microbial preparation group is superior to that of the single microbial preparation group. The compound is used regularly during the breeding process, so that the colibacillosis of laying ducks can be effectively prevented, the laying rate of the laying ducks is improved, and the use of antibiotics is reduced.
TABLE 8 laying rate and death and culling rate of each group of laying ducks (laying ducks)
Example 7: application example of the single microecological preparation and the composite microecological preparation in laying duck breeding 4
In 2017, in 4 months, 2400 Shaoxing white ducks in a Shandong duck egg-laying duck farm of 24 days old have symptoms of mental depression, lassitude, drooping two wings, loose feathers and the like. The autopsy revealed marked enlargement of the liver, bronze, gray necrotic foci, enlargement of the rectum and bleeding spots. Aseptically picking the diseased duck liver, inoculating the diseased duck liver to SS selective medium, and separating out salmonella. 2400 ducklings are tested, tracked and observed, and the compound/single microecological preparation is used for mixing materials (the same as example 4 in groups), and the addition amount of the compound microecological preparation is 300g per ton of duck feed. The results are shown in table 9, after 20 days of continuous use, the growth conditions of laying ducks of other groups except the blank group (the feed does not contain the microecological preparation) are obviously improved, and the death and culling rate is reduced; the single microecological preparation and the compound microecological preparation can relieve duck salmonellosis caused by salmonellosis, enhance immunity of laying ducks and improve body resistance, and the effect of the compound microecological preparation group is superior to that of the single microecological preparation group. The compound is used regularly in the breeding process, so that the egg duck salmonellosis can be effectively prevented, and the use of antibiotics is reduced.
TABLE 9 meat ratio and death and culling rate of each group (egg-laying duck)
Example 8: application example of the single microecological preparation and the composite microecological preparation in meat duck breeding 5
In 2017 for 5 months, 3000 cherry valley ducklings of 1 day age in a certain meat duck farm of Jiangsu Temple are selected and randomly divided into 6 groups of 500 in each group. The composite/single microecological preparation is used with feed for mixing (the components are the same as in example 4), and the addition amount is 300g of the composite microecological preparation added into each ton of duck feed for continuously feeding for 42 days. The results are shown in table 10, after the duck is fed for 42 days continuously, the growth condition of the meat duck in the experimental group is good, the feed meat ratio and the death rate of the composite microecological preparation group are obviously lower than those of the control group, and the feed meat ratio and the death rate of each group of the single microecological preparation are lower than those of the control group, which indicates that the single microecological preparation and the composite preparation can improve the feed conversion rate and the growth performance of the meat duck, and the effect of the composite microecological preparation group is better than that of the single microecological preparation group. The results are shown in table 11, the thymus index of the single microecologics and the thymus index of the composite microecologics are higher than that of the control group, and the spleen and the bursa of fabricius are not different, so that the composite preparation can promote the development of immune organs and enhance the body immunity of the meat ducks, and the effect of the composite microecologics is better than that of the single microecologics. The compound microecological preparation is used regularly in cultivation, so that the feed conversion rate is improved, and the feed cost is reduced.
TABLE 10 feed conversion ratio and death and culling rate (meat duck)
TABLE 11 thymus, spleen, and bursal organ indices
Example 9: application example 6 of single microecological preparation and composite microecological preparation in laying duck breeding
In 2017 for 5 months, 3000 Shaoxing white ducks 280 days old in a certain egg duck farm of Jiangsu State are selected and randomly divided into 6 groups of 500 ducks. The composite/single microecological preparation is used with feed mixing materials (the components are the same as in example 4), and the addition amount is that 200g of the composite microecological preparation is added into each ton of duck feed for continuously feeding for 42 days. The results are shown in table 12, after the laying ducks of the experimental group are fed for 42 days continuously, the growth state of the laying ducks of the experimental group is good, the laying rate of the composite microecologics group is remarkably higher than that of the control group, and the average egg weight of the composite microecologics group is remarkably higher than that of the control group, so that the single microecologics and the composite microecologics can improve the laying rate and the average egg weight of the laying ducks, but the effect of the composite microecologics group is better than that of the single microecologics. The compound microecological preparation is used regularly in the cultivation, the laying rate can be obviously improved, and the economic benefit is improved.
TABLE 12 laying rate and death and culling rate (laying ducks)
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. The compound microecological preparation for the ducks is characterized by comprising Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis), Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum), Bacillus coagulans (Bacillus coagulans), Clostridium butyricum (Clostridium butyricum), yeast cell walls, astragalus polysaccharides and isatis roots.
2. The complex microecological preparation for ducks of claim 1, wherein the enterococcus faecalis has a preservation number of CCTCCM 2022020; the lactobacillus plantarum deposit number is CICC 20022; the bacillus coagulans is deposited with the number of CICC21736, the clostridium butyricum is deposited with the number of CICC No.23847, and the yeast cell wall is a baker's yeast cell wall containing 30% beta-glucan.
3. The complex microecological formulation for ducks of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum are bacterial powder prepared by microencapsulating and coating bacterial fermentation liquor, and the viable count of the coated bacterial powderRespectively as follows: enterococcus faecalis 1-5 x 1011CFU/g, Lactobacillus plantarum 5-10 multiplied by 1010CFU/g, Bacillus coagulans 1-2 x 1010CFU/g, Clostridium butyricum 1 ~ 4 x 1010CFU/g。
4. The compound microecological preparation for ducks according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-35% of enterococcus faecalis, 10-20% of lactobacillus plantarum, 10-15% of bacillus coagulans, 10-20% of clostridium butyricum, 10-15% of yeast cell wall, 5-10% of astragalus polysaccharide and 5-10% of isatis root.
5. A method for preparing the composite microecological preparation for the ducks of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of fungal powder
Respectively fermenting enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum, mixing fermentation liquor according to a proportion, performing microencapsulation coating treatment to obtain an inclusion compound, performing low-temperature vacuum drying and crushing, mixing the inclusion compound with microcrystalline cellulose and corn starch, spraying a sodium alginate aqueous solution for performing shot blasting granulation to obtain microsphere particles, performing low-temperature vacuum drying on the microsphere particles, and performing bottom spraying coating by using vegetable oil to obtain microencapsulated bacteria powder for later use;
(2) pulverizing and sieving solid raw materials
Respectively pulverizing yeast cell wall, radix astragali polysaccharide and radix Isatidis, sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
(3) Mixing of solid raw materials
Proportionally placing the crushed and sieved yeast cell walls, astragalus polysaccharide, radix isatidis and microencapsulated bacteria powder into stirring equipment, and uniformly mixing.
6. The use of the compound microecological preparation for ducks of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the compound microecological preparation for ducks obtained by the preparation method of claim 5 in preparing feed for improving ecological balance of intestinal flora and promoting growth of ducks.
7. Use of the complex microecological preparation for ducks of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the complex microecological preparation for ducks obtained by the preparation method of claim 5 in preparation of feed for preventing duck colibacillosis, duck salmonellosis, duck clostridium welchii disease and duck riemerella anatipestifer disease.
8. Use according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the application is that the duck compound microecological preparation and the duck feed are mixed and stirred for use, and the adding amount of the microecological preparation and the viable count of each bacterium in the mixed feed respectively reach 8-10 multiplied by 10 enterococcus faecalis12CFU/ton, lactobacillus plantarum 5-8 multiplied by 10115-12 x 10 CFU/ton Bacillus coagulans118-12 multiplied by 10 Clostridium butyricum/ton11CFU/ton calculation.
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| CN115851557A (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-03-28 | 潍坊华卓生物科技有限公司 | Screening method and application of functional probiotics for preventing riemerella anatipestifer |
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