CN114605319A - 一种啶虫脒的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N (E)-acetamiprid Chemical compound N#C/N=C(\C)N(C)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000005875 Acetamiprid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 cyanoethyl ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XALCOJXGWJXWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CNCC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 XALCOJXGWJXWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- SKCNYHLTRZIINA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-5-(chloromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 SKCNYHLTRZIINA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- LFETXMWECUPHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanamine;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC LFETXMWECUPHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000946 synaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- POPPVIRYGJQIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C.CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 POPPVIRYGJQIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010009685 Cholinergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylcholine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004373 acetylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000034337 acetylcholine receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002858 neurotransmitter agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/61—Halogen atoms or nitro radicals
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出的是一种啶虫脒的制备方法,采用2‑氯‑5氯甲基吡啶、甲胺水溶液、乙腈、乙醇、单氰胺反应合成N‑(6‑氯‑3‑吡啶甲基)甲胺和氰基乙酯,再由N‑(6‑氯‑3‑吡啶甲基)甲胺和氰基乙酯进一步合成啶虫脒。本发明使用的原料转化率高,制备的啶虫脒产品纯度高、杂质含量少,摩尔收率高,经济效益良好;制备方法安全、环保,产生的废水量少,适用于大批量工业生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种啶虫脒的制备方法,属于有机合成技术领域。
背景技术
啶虫脒为氯化烟碱类化合物,属硝基亚甲基杂环类化合物,是一种新型杀虫剂,作用于昆虫神经系统突触部位的烟碱乙酰胆碱受体,干扰昆虫神经系统的刺激传导,引起神经系统道路阻塞,造成神经递质乙酰胆碱在突触部位的累积,从而导致昆虫麻痹,最终死亡,具有触杀、毒胃作用,同时有较强的渗透作用,速效性好,持效期长。然而,目前工业上的啶虫脒合成方法对于反应温度未能达到严格控制,导致副反应及副产物增加,严重影响啶虫脒的合成效率,以及最终啶虫脒产品的纯度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有啶虫脒合成方法存在的上述缺陷,提出一种适用于工业大批量生产的啶虫脒安全、高效的制备方法。
本发明的技术解决方案:一种啶虫脒的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
1)在反应器中加入2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶,缓慢滴加甲胺,搅拌升温至45℃,保温反应4h,反应结束后减压脱水得到N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)甲胺;
2)在反应器中加入乙腈、乙醇和溶剂甲苯,降温至3-5℃,在该温度条件下通入氯化氢气体反应10h,通气结束后,加入单氰胺水溶液保温反应,反应结束后,用液碱调节pH至6.0-6.5间,稳定后继续保温反应1h,反应结束后用饱和盐水洗涤,取油层精馏得到氰基乙酯;
3)在反应器中加入步骤1)制备的N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)甲胺、乙醇和溶剂甲苯,再加入步骤2)制备的氰基乙酯,加热升温至65℃,保温反应6~7h,反应结束后降温至0℃,静置分层,过滤,用饱和盐水洗涤,经干燥后得到啶虫脒产品。
进一步的,所述步骤1)中2-氯5-氯甲基吡啶与一甲胺的物质的量之比为1:1.2。
进一步的,所述步骤2)中乙腈与单氰胺的物质的量之比为1:1.05。
进一步的,所述步骤3)中N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)甲胺与氰基乙酯的物质的量之比为1.05:1。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
1)本发明使用的原料转化率高,制备的啶虫脒产品纯度高、杂质含量少,摩尔收率高,经济效益良好;
2)制备方法安全、环保,产生的废水量少,适用于大批量工业生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。以下各实施例中给出的技术方案和相关参数仅是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本实施例公开了一种啶虫脒的制备方法,所述制备方法的具体步骤如下:
在500ml四口烧瓶中加入2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶162g,在250ml恒压滴液漏斗中加入40%甲胺水溶液93g,在搅拌情况下缓慢滴加甲胺;滴加完毕后升温至45℃反应,保温反应4h,反应结束,将物料减压蒸馏脱水后得到N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基) 甲胺157g,经检测分析得到纯度为95.8%,收率为95.6%。
在500ml四口烧瓶中依次加入乙腈41g、乙醇42g和溶剂甲苯100g,温度降至3-5℃,在该温度条件下通入氯化氢气体38g,约10小时通气结束后,加入单氰胺水溶液保温反应,反应结束后,用液碱调节pH至6.0-6.5间,稳定后继续保温反应1h结束,用盐水洗涤,取油层精馏得到氰基乙酯96.8g,经检测分析得到收率为85.6%,含量为99%。
在500ml四口烧瓶中依次加入N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)甲胺157.5g、乙醇100g 和氰基乙酯112g,加热升温至65℃,保温反应6~7h,反应结束降温至0℃,静置分层,过滤,用饱和食盐水洗涤,经干燥后,得到啶虫脒产品22.1g,经检测分析得到啶虫脒纯度为96.8%,收率为96.6%,总反应收率为72.5%。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种啶虫脒的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法具体包括如下步骤:
1)在反应器中加入2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶,缓慢滴加甲胺,搅拌升温至45℃,保温反应4h,反应结束后减压脱水得到N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)甲胺;
2)在反应器中加入乙腈、乙醇和溶剂甲苯,降温至3-5℃,在该温度条件下通入氯化氢气体反应10h,通气结束后,加入单氰胺水溶液保温反应,反应结束后,用液碱调节pH至6.0-6.5间,稳定后继续保温反应1h,反应结束后用饱和盐水洗涤,取油层精馏得到氰基乙酯;
3)在反应器中加入步骤1)制备的N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)甲胺、乙醇和溶剂甲苯,再加入步骤2)制备的氰基乙酯,加热升温至65℃,保温反应6~7h,反应结束后降温至0℃,静置分层,过滤,用饱和盐水洗涤,经干燥后得到啶虫脒产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种啶虫脒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1)中2-氯5-氯甲基吡啶与一甲胺的物质的量之比为1:1.2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种啶虫脒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2)中乙腈与单氰胺的物质的量之比为1:1.05。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种啶虫脒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)中N-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)甲胺与氰基乙酯的物质的量之比为1.05:1。
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Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1413463A (zh) * | 2002-09-29 | 2003-04-30 | 天津大学 | 一种啶虫脒的生产方法 |
CN102174013A (zh) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-09-07 | 江苏长青农化股份有限公司 | 啶虫脒合成新技术 |
CN102827070A (zh) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 安徽常泰化工有限公司 | 一种合成n-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)-甲胺的改进工艺 |
CN104803910A (zh) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-29 | 江苏长青农化南通有限公司 | 啶虫脒的生产工艺 |
CN106187868A (zh) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 南通天泽化工有限公司 | 一种啶虫脒的制备方法 |
CN106699646A (zh) * | 2016-11-12 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏长青生物科技有限公司 | 啶虫脒合成方法 |
CN107353244A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏扬农化工集团有限公司 | 一种啶虫脒合成新工艺 |
CN107501172A (zh) * | 2017-09-03 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏长青农化股份有限公司 | 啶虫脒的生产工艺 |
CN111808018A (zh) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-23 | 青岛恒宁生物科技有限公司 | 一种啶虫脒的生产工艺 |
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2020
- 2020-12-09 CN CN202011430541.XA patent/CN114605319A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1413463A (zh) * | 2002-09-29 | 2003-04-30 | 天津大学 | 一种啶虫脒的生产方法 |
CN102174013A (zh) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-09-07 | 江苏长青农化股份有限公司 | 啶虫脒合成新技术 |
CN102827070A (zh) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 安徽常泰化工有限公司 | 一种合成n-(6-氯-3-吡啶甲基)-甲胺的改进工艺 |
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CN106699646A (zh) * | 2016-11-12 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏长青生物科技有限公司 | 啶虫脒合成方法 |
CN107353244A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏扬农化工集团有限公司 | 一种啶虫脒合成新工艺 |
CN107501172A (zh) * | 2017-09-03 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏长青农化股份有限公司 | 啶虫脒的生产工艺 |
CN111808018A (zh) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-23 | 青岛恒宁生物科技有限公司 | 一种啶虫脒的生产工艺 |
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