CN114568664A - 一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗性淀粉相关技术领域,公开了一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:S1:在含有抗性淀粉的原材料中添加植物油;S2:将原材料熟成;S3:将熟成后的原材料进行急速冷冻;S4:将经过所述S3步骤处理的原材料进行烘焙。急速冷冻步骤使原材料内抗性淀粉的分子更加稳定,可以保持或略微提高抗性淀粉的含量,相较于传统抗性淀粉制备中通过在4℃条件下进行熟成的方式,本工艺中急速冷冻的方式对与抗性淀粉的保持和生成具有更好的效果,通过将急速冷冻后的原材料进行烘焙,能够达到进一步增加抗性淀粉含量的效果,使原材料中的抗性淀粉含量增加。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗性淀粉相关技术领域,具体为一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺。
背景技术
抗性淀粉能毫无损失得通过小肠并能够在大肠中发酵产生短链脂肪酸和其他产物。目前抗性淀粉分为4种类型物理包埋淀粉Rsl;(physically trapped starch);抗性淀粉颗粒Rs2(resistant starch granules);回生淀粉Rs3(retrograded starch);化学改性淀粉Rs4,抗性淀粉属于多糖类物质,在功能性上可以被认为是一种新型的膳食纤维,对人体健康有着积极的意义,抗性淀粉所产生的热量约只有糖类的一半,可达到控制体重的目的,因此,抗性淀粉常作为减肥保健食品添加剂,并且,抗性淀粉能够预防胆结石和防脂肪肝的形成。现阶段,通过向含有较多抗性淀粉的原料中加入一些可被人体吸收的添加剂,如微量元素、药物等,抗性淀粉由于其具有的抗酶解性,可将添加剂带入结肠释放,发挥效果,日常生活中一些常见的食物就能够获得抗性淀粉,但是传统制备工艺获得的抗性淀粉纯度较低,颗粒较大,不适合作为添加剂的载体,使得抗性淀粉的应用受到限制,针对上述问题,提出了本申请。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,用于克服上述问题。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的。
本发明的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:在含有抗性淀粉的原材料中添加植物油;
S2:将原材料熟成;
S3:将熟成后的原材料进行急速冷冻;
S4:将经过所述S3步骤处理的原材料进行烘焙。
进一步地,所述S2步骤中的熟成方式为煮,向原材料中加入溶液,在煮熟过程中对原材料进行超声波振荡,并在超声波振荡过程中对原材料进行搅拌,超声波振荡持续时间小于熟成时间,,超声功率随着熟成时间的增加逐渐降低。
进一步地,所述S2步骤中将原材料熟成为部分熟成。
进一步地,所述S3步骤中的急速冷冻温度为-27℃至-36℃。
进一步地,所述S4步骤中的烘焙方式为低温烘焙或高温烘焙,所述低温烘焙温度为100至120摄氏度,所述高温烘焙温度为200至250摄氏度。
进一步地,所述低温烘焙处理时间≥10min。
进一步地,所述高温烘焙处理时间≥5min。
进一步地,所述S1步骤中植物油的添加量与原材料重量的比例关系为1∶1000。
进一步地,所述植物油为椰油或橄榄油。
一种高抗性淀粉含量的食品制作工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:上述的提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺;
S2:将原材料进行冷却,并冷却至常温;
S3:对坑冷却后的原材料进行深加工。
本发明的有益效果:
急速冷冻步骤使原材料内抗性淀粉的分子更加稳定,可以保持或略微提高抗性淀粉的含量,相较于传统抗性淀粉制备中通过在4℃条件下进行熟成的方式,本工艺中急速冷冻的方式对与抗性淀粉的保持和生成具有更好的效果,通过将急速冷冻后的原材料进行烘焙,能够达到进一步增加抗性淀粉含量的效果,使原材料中的抗性淀粉含量增加。
通过在原材料的熟成过程中增加超声波振荡,并在超声波振荡过程中对原材料进行搅拌,使原材料中的抗性淀粉的粒径减小,经过上述处理后,减小后的抗性淀粉可达到纳米级别,从而获得较大的比表面积,使抗性淀粉能够作为较好的载体,实现对药物等添加剂的携带。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:在含有抗性淀粉的原材料中添加植物油,原材料可以选用大米、土豆、红薯、香蕉等,植物油选用椰油或橄榄油效果较好,植物油的添加量与原材料重量的比例关系为1∶1000,选用大米时不需要对大米进行特别处理,只需要正常清,选用土豆时,需要对土豆进行脱皮,切片泡冷水处理,选用香蕉时,需要对香蕉进行脱皮。
S2:将原材料熟成,熟成方式为蒸熟、煮熟或炒熟等方式,优选为蒸熟,将原材料熟成为部分熟成,一般为二分之一熟成或三分之一熟成,根据原材料的不同熟成量由差异,此步骤结束后,大米就是煮熟的米饭状态,其他原材料是糊状。
S3:将熟成后的原材料进行急速冷冻,本实施例中,急速冷冻温度为-27℃至-36℃,急速冷冻方式将原材料放置于空间温度为-27℃至-36℃的冷冻箱中,急速冷冻步骤使原材料内抗性淀粉的分子更加稳定,可以保持或略微提高抗性淀粉的含量,相较于传统抗性淀粉制备中通过在4℃条件下进行熟成的方式,本工艺中急速冷冻的方式对与抗性淀粉的保持和生成具有更好的效果,6、急速冷冻的时间和原材料的量由关,一般一分钟左右达到冻结效果,原材料达到制定温度需要一到两个小时。
S4:将经过所述S3步骤处理的原材料进行烘焙,烘焙方式为使用大型烤箱进行低温烘焙或高温烘焙,所述低温烘焙温度为100至120摄氏度,所述高温烘焙温度为200至250摄氏度。
其中,所述低温烘焙处理时间≥10min,所述高温烘焙处理时间≥5min,烘焙持续时间和烘焙温度与原材料有关,原材料经过烘焙,能够达到进一步增加抗性淀粉含量的效果,使原材料中的抗性淀粉含量增加。
优选地,所述S2步骤中的熟成方式为煮,向原材料中加入溶液,在煮熟过程中对原材料进行超声波振荡,并在超声波振荡过程中对原材料进行搅拌,超声波振荡持续时间小于熟成时间。
搅拌通过搅拌桨叶实现,使原材料和溶液(一般为水)混合均匀,在超声的作用下,溶液混合这淀粉相互碰撞,使原材料中的抗性淀粉的粒径减小,尤其是RS3和RS4型的抗性淀粉,在原材料煮熟的过程中,随着水分的蒸发,将超声功率或频率逐渐降低,这是由于水分的减少导致淀粉分子的浓度增加,如不改变超声频率会导致淀粉分子间激烈碰撞,导致淀粉粒径增大,经过上述处理后,减小后的抗性淀粉可达到纳米级别,从而获得较大的比表面积,使抗性淀粉能够作为较好的载体,实现对药物等添加剂的携带。
经实验发现,超声功率在100-200W之间时,所能获得的抗性淀粉平均粒径最小,在600nm左右,超声持续的时间控制在70min以上,不高于200min。
一种高抗性淀粉含量的食品制作工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:上述的提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺;
S2:将原材料进行冷却,并冷却至常温,冷却方式可采用常温放置或滚轮散热方式;
S3:如要进行产品深加工,成为米糊、土豆粉等产品,对冷却后的原材料进行深加工,如粉碎、成型等深加工工艺。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此领域技术的人士能够了解本发明内容并加以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1:在含有抗性淀粉的原材料中添加植物油;
S2:将原材料熟成;
S3:将熟成后的原材料进行急速冷冻;
S4:将经过所述S3步骤处理的原材料进行烘焙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S2步骤中的熟成方式为煮,向原材料中加入溶液,在煮熟过程中对原材料进行超声波振荡,并在超声波振荡过程中对原材料进行搅拌,超声波振荡持续时间小于熟成时间,超声功率随着熟成时间的增加逐渐降低。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S2步骤中将原材料熟成为部分熟成。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S3步骤中的急速冷冻温度为-27℃至-36℃。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S4步骤中的烘焙方式为低温烘焙或高温烘焙,所述低温烘焙温度为100至120摄氏度,所述高温烘焙温度为200至250摄氏度。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述低温烘焙处理时间≥10min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述高温烘焙处理时间≥5min。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任意一项所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S1步骤中植物油的添加量与原材料重量的比例关系为1∶1000。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述植物油为椰油或橄榄油。
10.一种高抗性淀粉含量的食品制作工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1:权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的提升和保持抗性淀粉含量的生产工艺;
S2:将原材料进行冷却,并冷却至常温;
S3:对坑冷却后的原材料进行深加工。
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