CN114557252B - Planting method for promoting root and strengthening seedlings of sugarcane - Google Patents
Planting method for promoting root and strengthening seedlings of sugarcane Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly discloses a planting method for promoting the root and strengthening seedlings of sugarcane, which comprises the following steps: treating seed stems of sugarcane: soaking the single-bud seed stems of the sugarcane in a coating agent solution, wherein the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.08 to 0.10 part of bactericide, 0.01 to 0.02 part of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.004 to 0.006 part of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 0.8 to 1.0 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.2 to 0.4 part of trehalose, 0.1 to 0.3 part of polyethylene glycol and 1000 parts of deionized water, taking out sugarcane seed stems, and drying at normal temperature; land preparation and fertilization; seeding; covering the seed stems of the sugarcane with crushed soil, and then covering a layer of nutrient soil on the surface of the crushed soil; and spraying leaf fertilizer at the early stage of sugarcane tillering. According to the planting method for promoting the roots and strengthening the seedlings of the sugarcanes, the single-bud seed stems of the sugarcanes are coated, and the components of the coating agent are mutually cooperated, so that the emergence of the seedlings and the growth of the root systems of the single-bud seed stems of the sugarcanes are promoted, the seedlings of the sugarcanes can grow faster, the seed sowing amount can be reduced, the yield and the quality of the sugarcanes are improved, and the economic benefit of planting is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of sugarcane.
Background
The sugarcane contains rich sugar and water, also contains various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron and other substances which are very beneficial to the metabolism of a human body, is an important raw material for preparing the sucrose, is widely planted in areas such as Guangxi, guangdong, fujian and the like in China, and is an important sugar economic crop in southern areas in China. Sugarcane is a vegetative propagation crop, generally, sugarcane seed stems are used as seedlings for planting, the sugarcane seed stems are planted in sugarcane planting ditches, soil is covered, fertilizer is applied, the sugarcane seed stems root and emerge, and grow to form complete plants. The root system of the sugarcane is an important organ for the sugarcane to absorb nutrition and moisture, plays an important role in the growth and development process of the sugarcane, and can directly influence the emergence rate, the tillering rate, the accumulation of sugar, the yield of the sugarcane and the like. The strong absorption capacity of the root system of the sugarcane is necessary to promote the growth of the sugarcane and the development of the root system. After the sugarcane seed stems are planted in the land, if the rooting rate is high, sugarcane seedlings can grow faster, accumulate more sugar and can enhance the capacity of resisting external stress.
The bud number of following kind of sugarcane kind of stem is different to be divided into single bud stem, two bud stems, three bud stems etc. because the germination rate of two bud sections is higher and seedling growth is good in traditional planting, traditional sugarcane is planted and is generally planted with two bud sections kind of stem, the general stem length of traditional two bud sections kind of stem is 30 ~ 40cm, it is big to adopt two bud sections kind of stem seed planting volume in sugarcane production is planted, can lose a large amount of sugarcane stalks, reported data shows, it reaches 6 ~ 10t/ha to sow kind of volume, consumed about 8~ 10% of sugarcane total yield. And the stem length of the single-bud seed stem of the sugarcane is 3-5 cm, if the single-bud seed stem of the sugarcane is adopted for planting, the seeding amount is only about 17% of the traditional planting amount, the seed consumption amount can be saved, the sugar yield is increased, and compared with other multi-bud stem segments, the single-bud seed stem of the sugarcane is easier, more effective and more economical to use. However, in the prior planting production, the single-bud seed stem of the sugarcane has poor field performance effects, such as slow seedling emergence, slow root growth, low tillering rate, small number of effective stems and the like, due to the fact that the water loss of two sections of the single-bud seed stem is fast, the single-bud seed stem is easy to be infected by germs, the self nutrient substance is fast in consumption and the like, and thus the yield is poor. Promoting the emergence of seedlings and the growth of root systems of single-bud seed stems of the sugarcanes, improving the tillering rate and having important significance for reducing the seed sowing amount, saving the planting cost, improving the yield of the sugarcanes and improving the economic benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of sugarcane, which improves the emergence rate, promotes the root growth of the sugarcane, and improves the tillering rate and the effective stem number of the sugarcane, thereby reducing the seeding amount, and achieving the purposes of improving the yield and improving the economic benefit.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of sugarcane, which comprises the following steps:
the sugarcane seed stem treatment comprises the steps of (1) soaking single-bud sugarcane seed stems in a coating agent solution, taking out the sugarcane seed stems, and drying at normal temperature, wherein the coating agent solution is obtained by diluting a coating agent by 800-1000 times with water;
the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.08 to 0.10 portion of bactericide, 0.01 to 0.02 portion of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.004 to 0.006 portion of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 0.8 to 1.0 portion of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.2 to 0.4 portion of trehalose, 0.1 to 0.3 portion of polyethylene glycol and 1000 portions of deionized water;
(2) Land preparation and fertilization: deeply ploughing and loosening the planting field to a depth of 40-50 cm, and applying a base fertilizer;
(3) The following steps: planting furrows with the depth of 20-30 cm, the row spacing of 1.1-1.2 m and flat bottom are formed, and the treated seed stems of the sugarcanes are placed in the planting furrows with the seeding amount of 3000-5000 buds/mu;
(4) Covering the seed stems of the sugarcane with crushed soil, and then covering a layer of nutrient soil on the surface of the crushed soil; the nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 to 6 portions of urea, 1.0 to 1.5 portions of potassium fulvate, 0.6 to 0.9 portion of ferrous sulfate, 3 to 5 portions of biochar, 0.02 to 0.04 portion of diuron, 3 to 5 portions of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 20 to 30 portions of plant ash and 30 to 40 portions of sandy soil;
(5) Spraying a foliar fertilizer at the early stage of sugarcane tillering, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03 to 0.05 percent of thidiazuron, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of gibberellin, 1 to 3 percent of calcium ascorbate, 0.08 to 0.1 percent of proline and 2 to 4 percent of sophorolipid; the foliar fertilizer is diluted by 400 to 500 times and sprayed, and the dosage of the foliar fertilizer is 80 to 100ml.
Preferably, in the planting method for promoting the roots and strengthening the seedlings of the sugarcanes, the base fertilizer consists of a farmyard organic fertilizer and a compound fertilizer, wherein 800-1200 kg of the farmyard organic fertilizer and 30-40 kg of the compound fertilizer are applied to each mu.
Preferably, in the planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of the sugarcane, the bactericide is one or more of carbendazim, prochloraz and difenoconazole.
Preferably, in the planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of the sugarcane, the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.09 part of bactericide, 0.012 part of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.005 part of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 0.9 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3 part of trehalose, 0.2 part of polyethylene glycol and 1000 parts of deionized water.
Preferably, in the planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of the sugarcane, the preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing urea, potassium fulvate and ferrous sulfate, crushing to prepare mixed powder, and granulating the mixed powder to obtain core particles;
(2) adding diuron into hot alcohol to obtain a diuron solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, stirring and mixing biochar and the diuron solution to enable the biochar to fully adsorb the diuron, and then drying at 50-60 ℃ to remove alcohol to obtain the diuron-adsorbing biochar;
(3) adding the biochar obtained in the step (2) into a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 20-30%, uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain slurry, spraying the slurry on the surface of the core particle obtained in the step (1) through a coating machine, drying, and coating a biochar layer on the core particle;
(4) dissolving hydroxymethyl cellulose in water to prepare a hydroxymethyl cellulose solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10-15%, then spraying the hydroxymethyl cellulose on the surface of a charcoal layer, and drying to obtain fertilizer particles;
(5) and mixing the fertilizer particles with plant ash and sandy soil to obtain the nutrient soil. The fertilizer particles in the nutrient soil have a slow release effect, the biochar layer adsorbing the diuron is released, the diuron in the biochar is desorbed, the growth of weeds can be inhibited, the diuron loss can be reduced through biochar adsorption and particle slow release, the pesticide effect duration is improved, and the dosage of a herbicide is reduced; furthermore, fertilizer components of the fertilizer particle core are slowly released, the fertilizer effect time is long, nutrients are increased for the later growth of sugarcane seedlings, and the fertilizing times are reduced.
Preferably, in the planting method of the sugarcane root-promoting strong seedlings, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the biochar to the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution is 1.
Preferably, in the planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of the sugarcane, 50-60 kg of nutrient soil is applied to each mu in the step (4).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the planting method for promoting the roots and strengthening the seedlings of the sugarcanes, the single-bud seed stems of the sugarcanes are coated, and the components of the coating agent are mutually cooperated, so that the emergence of the seedlings and the growth of the root systems of the single-bud seed stems of the sugarcanes are promoted, the seedlings of the sugarcanes can grow faster, the seed sowing amount can be reduced, the yield and the quality of the sugarcanes are improved, and the economic benefit of planting is improved.
2. The planting method for promoting the roots of the sugarcane and strengthening the seedlings can obviously enhance the rooting capacity of the seed stems of the sugarcane, improve the number of root systems, increase the length of the root systems, promote the sugarcane to construct a large root system, accumulate more nutrient components and improve the stress resistance of the sugarcane.
3. According to the planting method for promoting the roots and strengthening the seedlings of the sugarcane, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed at the early tillering stage of the sugarcane, the components in the foliar fertilizer are matched with each other, the tillering and stem forming of the sugarcane can be further improved, compared with a control group, the tillering rate of the sugarcane is improved by more than 43%, and the effective stem number is improved by more than 65%.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of the sugarcane comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) sugarcane seed stem treatment: soaking the single-bud seed stems of sugarcane in the coating agent solution for 10min, taking out the seed stems of sugarcane, and drying at normal temperature; the coating agent solution is obtained by diluting the coating agent with water 1000 times;
the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.06 part of carbendazim, 0.03 part of difenoconazole, 0.012 part of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.005 part of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 0.9 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3 part of trehalose, 0.2 part of polyethylene glycol and 1000 parts of deionized water;
(2) Land preparation and fertilization: deeply ploughing and loosening the soil of a planting field, wherein the ploughing depth is 40-50 cm, and applying a base fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components: 1000 kg/mu of farmyard organic fertilizer and 35 kg/mu of compound fertilizer (N-P-K15-15-15);
(3) The following steps: planting furrows with the depth of 25cm, the row spacing of 1.2m and flat bottom, placing the treated seed stems of the sugarcanes in the planting furrows, and sowing the seeds at 3000-4000 buds/mu;
(4) Covering the sugarcane seed stems with soil, and then covering a layer of nutrient soil on the surface of the soil, wherein the dosage of the nutrient soil per mu is 55kg; the nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of urea, 1.2 parts of potassium fulvate, 0.8 part of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of biochar, 0.03 part of diuron, 4 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 15 parts of plant ash and 38 parts of sandy soil;
(5) Spraying a foliar fertilizer at the early tillering stage of the sugarcane, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.04% of thidiazuron, 0.02% of gibberellin, 2% of calcium ascorbate, 0.09% of proline and 3% of sophorolipid; and diluting the foliar fertilizer by 500 times for spraying, wherein the dosage of the foliar fertilizer is 100ml.
The preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing urea, potassium fulvate and ferrous sulfate, crushing to prepare mixed powder, and granulating the mixed powder to obtain core particles;
(2) adding diuron into hot alcohol to obtain a diuron solution with the mass percentage concentration of 8%, stirring and mixing biochar and the diuron solution to enable the biochar to fully adsorb the diuron, and then drying at 50 ℃ to remove alcohol to obtain the diuron-adsorbing biochar;
(3) adding the biochar obtained in the step (2) into a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 25%, wherein the mass ratio of the biochar to the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution is 1.5, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain slurry, spraying the slurry on the surface of the core particle obtained in the step (1) through a coating machine, drying, and coating a biochar layer on the core particle;
(4) dissolving hydroxymethyl cellulose in water to prepare a hydroxymethyl cellulose solution with the mass percentage concentration of 12%, then spraying the hydroxymethyl cellulose on the surface of a charcoal layer, and drying to obtain fertilizer particles;
(5) and mixing the fertilizer particles with plant ash and sandy soil to obtain the nutrient soil.
Example 2
A planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of the sugarcane comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) sugarcane seed stem treatment: soaking the single-bud seed stems of sugarcane in the coating agent solution for 10min, taking out the seed stems of sugarcane, and drying at normal temperature; the coating agent solution is obtained by diluting the coating agent by 1000 times with water;
the coating agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.05 part of carbendazim, 0.04 part of difenoconazole, 0.015 part of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.0045 part of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 1.0 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.28 part of trehalose, 0.25 part of polyethylene glycol and 1000 parts of deionized water;
(2) Land preparation and fertilization: deeply ploughing and loosening the soil of a planting field, wherein the ploughing depth is 40-50 cm, and applying a base fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components: 1000 kg/mu of farmyard organic fertilizer and 35 kg/mu of compound fertilizer (N-P-K15-15-15);
(3) The following steps: planting furrows with the depth of 25cm, the row spacing of 1.2m and flat bottom are arranged, and the treated seed stems of the sugarcanes are placed in the planting furrows with the seeding amount of 3000-4000 buds/mu;
(4) Covering the sugarcane seed stems with soil, and then covering a layer of nutrient soil on the surface of the soil, wherein the dosage of the nutrient soil per mu is 55kg; the nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of urea, 1 part of potassium fulvate, 0.7 part of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of biochar, 0.032 part of diuron, 4 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 14 parts of plant ash and 40 parts of sandy soil; the preparation method of the nutrient soil is the same as that of the example 1
(5) Spraying a foliar fertilizer at the early stage of sugarcane tillering, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.038% of thidiazuron, 0.025% of gibberellin, 2% of calcium ascorbate, 0.08% of proline and 3% of sophorolipid; and (3) diluting the foliar fertilizer by 500 times, and spraying the foliar fertilizer with the dosage of 100ml.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the double-bud seed stem of the sugarcane is adopted to replace the single-bud seed stem of the sugarcane, and other steps and parameters are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the coating agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.06 part of carbendazim, 0.03 part of difenoconazole, 0.015 part of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.9 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3 part of trehalose, 0.2 part of polyethylene glycol and 1000 parts of deionized water, and other steps and parameters are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: and (3) spraying no leaf fertilizer at the early tillering stage of the sugarcane, wherein other steps and parameters are the same as those in the example 1.
Field test
The test method comprises the following steps: selecting the cinnamic sugar 42 as a test object, and setting 6 groups of examples 1-2, comparative examples 1-3 and a control group; the control group is the sugarcane single-bud seed stem without coating treatment and spraying foliar fertilizer, and the rest is the same as the example 1. The random block design is adopted, each group is repeated for 3 times, each cell has 5 rows, the row length is 7 meters, the row spacing is 1.2 meters, and the seeding amount is 50 buds/row. The method is characterized in that corresponding planting methods are respectively adopted for planting, and other management such as moisture management, insect prevention and the like is carried out according to a conventional sugarcane cultivation management method. Investigating and counting the emergence rate and tillering rate of the sugarcane seedlings at the tillering stage; the plant height, the stem diameter, the effective stem number and the root system condition, the cane juice purity, the cane juice brix, the cane sugar content and the yield are investigated in the maturity period. Each set of test results was averaged over 3 replicates.
Table 1 shows the emergence rates, tillering rates and effective stem numbers of the sugarcanes of each group, and it can be seen from the table that the emergence rates of the sugarcanes of the examples of the present invention are significantly higher than those of the comparative examples and the control groups, and compared with the control group, the emergence rates of the examples 1 and 2 are respectively increased by 35.7% and 32.2%, the tillering rates of the examples 1 and 2 are respectively increased by 48.0% and 48.2%, and the difference between the effective stem number examples and the control groups is very significant. The results show that the planting method can improve the emergence rate of the sugarcane, has obvious effect on the tillering rate of the sugarcane, and obviously improves the effective stem number.
TABLE 1 emergence rate, tillering rate and effective stem number of each group of sugarcane
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the plant height and stem diameter of the sugarcane are improved to a certain extent in the examples, the difference of the total root length of the sugarcane is obvious, the purity and the sucrose content of the sugarcane juice are improved to different degrees compared with those of the control group, and the sugarcane juice has the effect of improving the quality of the sugarcane.
TABLE 2 sugarcane plant height, stem diameter and Total root Length
Table 3 shows the sugarcane quality
The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of sugarcane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Treating seed stems of sugarcane: soaking the single-bud seed stems of the sugarcane in a coating agent solution, taking out the seed stems of the sugarcane, and drying at normal temperature; the coating agent solution is obtained by diluting the coating agent by 800-1000 times with water;
the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.08 to 0.10 portion of bactericide, 0.01 to 0.02 portion of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.004 to 0.006 portion of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 0.8 to 1.0 portion of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.2 to 0.4 portion of trehalose, 0.1 to 0.3 portion of polyethylene glycol and 1000 portions of deionized water;
(2) Land preparation and fertilization: carrying out deep ploughing and loosening on the planting land, wherein the ploughing depth is 40-50 cm, and applying a base fertilizer;
(3) The following steps: planting furrows with the depth of 20-30 cm, the row spacing of 1.1-1.2 m and flat bottom are formed, and the treated seed stems of the sugarcanes are placed in the planting furrows with the seeding amount of 3000-5000 buds/mu;
(4) Covering the seed stems of the sugarcane with crushed soil, and then covering a layer of nutrient soil on the surface of the crushed soil; the nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 to 6 portions of urea, 1.0 to 1.5 portions of potassium fulvate, 0.6 to 0.9 portion of ferrous sulfate, 3 to 5 portions of biochar, 0.02 to 0.04 portion of diuron, 3 to 5 portions of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 20 to 30 portions of plant ash and 30 to 40 portions of sandy soil;
(5) Spraying a foliar fertilizer at the early tillering stage of the sugarcane, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03 to 0.05 percent of thidiazuron, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of gibberellin, 1 to 3 percent of calcium ascorbate, 0.08 to 0.1 percent of proline and 2 to 4 percent of sophorolipid; the foliar fertilizer is diluted by 400 to 500 times and sprayed, and the dosage of the foliar fertilizer is 80 to 100ml.
2. The planting method for promoting the root and strengthening the seedling of the sugarcane according to claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer consists of a farmyard organic fertilizer and a compound fertilizer, and 800-1200 kg of the farmyard organic fertilizer and 30-40 kg of the compound fertilizer are applied per mu.
3. The planting method of the sugarcane root-promoting and seedling-strengthening seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bactericide is one or more of carbendazim, prochloraz and difenoconazole.
4. The planting method of the sugarcane root-promoting and seedling-strengthening seedlings according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.09 part of bactericide, 0.012 part of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.005 part of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 0.9 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3 part of trehalose, 0.2 part of polyethylene glycol and 1000 parts of deionized water.
5. The planting method of the sugarcane root-promoting and seedling-strengthening seedlings according to claim 1 or 3, wherein in the step (1), the soaking time is 10-15 min.
6. The planting method of the sugarcane root-promoting and strong seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing urea, potassium fulvate and ferrous sulfate, crushing to prepare mixed powder, and granulating the mixed powder to obtain core particles;
(2) adding diuron into hot alcohol to obtain a diuron solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, stirring and mixing the biochar with the diuron solution to enable the biochar to fully adsorb the diuron, and then drying at 50-60 ℃ to remove the alcohol to obtain the biochar adsorbing the diuron;
(3) adding the biochar obtained in the step (2) into a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 20-30%, uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain slurry, spraying the slurry on the surface of the core particle obtained in the step (1) through a coating machine, drying, and coating a biochar layer on the core particle;
(4) dissolving hydroxymethyl cellulose in water to prepare a hydroxymethyl cellulose solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10-15%, then spraying the hydroxymethyl cellulose on the surface of a charcoal layer, and drying to obtain fertilizer particles;
(5) and mixing the fertilizer particles with plant ash and sandy soil to obtain the nutrient soil.
7. The planting method of the sugarcane root-promoting strong seedlings according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of the biochar to the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution is 1.
8. The planting method of sugarcane root-promoting strong seedlings according to claim 1, wherein 50-60 kg of nutrient soil is applied per mu in the step (4).
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