CN114532163A - Agricultural seedling raising plug culture method - Google Patents
Agricultural seedling raising plug culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114532163A CN114532163A CN202210167132.8A CN202210167132A CN114532163A CN 114532163 A CN114532163 A CN 114532163A CN 202210167132 A CN202210167132 A CN 202210167132A CN 114532163 A CN114532163 A CN 114532163A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M17/00—Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention provides an agricultural seedling culture plug culture method, which is applied to the technical field of agricultural culture; selecting crop seeds, selecting hole trays, accelerating germination and raising seedlings, extracting a preselected microbial nutrient medium, placing the selected microbial nutrient medium on the surface layer of nutrient soil, using water to wash the surfaces of the seedling roots of the crop seeds completely when the crop seeds are rooted and germinated, placing the seedling raising hole trays in a ventilated place, naturally drying in the air, and then transplanting the seedling roots of the crop seeds from the seedling raising hole trays. The invention applies the microbial deinsectization technology to deinsectize crops, thereby effectively protecting the crops; the invention carries out deinsectization on crops by a microbial deinsectization technology, thereby effectively reducing the pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural culture, in particular to an agricultural seedling culture plug culture method.
Background
With the development of agricultural science and technology, people begin to adopt plug seedling to shorten the seedling age of crops such as rice and the like, and the mode has high production efficiency and can effectively save energy; the plug seedling is introduced into China as a modern seedling raising mode since 1985, and is deeply welcomed by vast agriculture and forestry producers due to the advantages of quick seedling formation, no damage to root systems, high yield, suitability for long-distance transportation and the like;
crops are commonly grown in soil, whether in containers or in the field; containers are used for growing crops primarily for export, while field growing involves prior preparation of the field and correction from time to time, such as planting beds for crop management; in soil agriculture, different types of soil are used to grow different crops; for example, root crops grow better in fine soil because this soil can grow better roots; in ancient times, fertilizers were not suitable for soil crops; nowadays, limited agricultural space makes it difficult for people to crop by turns, so that planting space is fully recovered; in order to increase the yield, farmers must now use agrochemicals on the farmland to increase the soil fertility in order for the crops to obtain the nutrients required for growth. However, farmers using conventional fertilizers have to spray pesticides to increase the yield to prevent the invasion of weeds and pests, and the use of sprayed pesticides inevitably causes pollution and harm to crops and the environment.
In view of the above, the present invention provides an agricultural seedling culture tray culture method to solve the problems of harm to crops and environmental pollution caused by pesticide spraying in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of harm to crops and pollution to the environment caused by pesticide spraying, and provides an agricultural seedling culture plug culture method.
The invention provides an agricultural seedling raising plug culture method, which comprises the following steps:
selecting crop seeds, soaking the crop seeds for 1-2 hours by using crop yield increasing elements, taking out the soaked crop seeds, and airing the crop seeds in a shade;
selecting hole trays, wherein a plurality of soaked crop seeds are arranged in each hole tray, sowing the soaked crop seeds into a seedling raising hole tray filled with 2/3 volumes of nutrient soil, and covering 1/4 volumes of nutrient soil on the soaked crop seeds;
accelerating germination and raising seedlings, namely transversely opening shallow trenches with nutrient soil, scattering fertilizer, covering the nutrient soil, covering the fertilizer and crop seeds with the nutrient soil, and watering until the color of the nutrient soil is changed;
extracting a preselected microbial culture medium and placing the culture medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
when the crop seeds take roots and germinate, the surfaces of the crop seed bud roots are washed clean by water, the seedling raising plug tray is placed at a ventilated position, and the crop seed bud roots are transplanted from the seedling raising plug tray after natural air drying.
Further, before the step of soaking the crop seeds for 1-2 hours by using the crop yield increasing agent, the method also comprises the following steps:
selecting mature and plump crop seeds, placing the seeds in clear water for washing, and removing impurities;
placing the washed seeds in a shade place for natural air drying;
and uniformly placing the seeds into a yield increasing agent soaking box, setting a soaking time period and collecting the seeds to obtain the crop seeds capable of being planted.
Further, the step of sowing the soaked crop seeds into a seedling raising plug tray filled with 2/3 volumes of nutrient soil, wherein 1/4 volumes of nutrient soil are covered on the soaked crop seeds, further comprises:
digging the nutrient soil to 2/3 horizontal position of the seedling raising plug,
selecting a proper amount of crop seeds and sowing the crop seeds in the 2/3 horizontal positions of the seedling raising plug tray;
and (5) filling the nutrient soil to cover the position 1/4 horizontally again, and completing the sowing of the crop seeds.
Further, after the step of watering until the color of the nutrient soil changes, the method also comprises the following steps:
observing whether the nutrient soil has abnormal state or not,
if the nutrient soil is coagulated into blocks after meeting water, the soil can not be loosened,
sand is added to the nutrient soil to moderate the nutrient soil.
Further, the step of extracting the preselected microbial nutrient medium and placing the nutrient medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil further comprises the following steps:
the microorganism culture assisting base comprises a probe and a breeding chamber, and the breeding chamber is communicated to the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe;
placing a proper amount of deinsectization microorganisms in the breeding chamber, and culturing the deinsectization microorganisms through the breeding chamber to obtain deinsectization microorganisms with the quantity corresponding to the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
and (3) opening a probe connecting the breeding room to the surface layer of the nutrient soil, and allowing the deinsectization microorganisms to enter the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe and kill pests.
Further, after the step of extracting the preselected microbial nutrient medium and placing the preselected microbial nutrient medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, the method also comprises the following steps:
a sunshade is additionally arranged at the periphery of the seedling culture hole tray, and the sunshade is provided with opening and closing air holes;
laying a layer of mulching film on the surface layer of the nutrient soil except the range of the crop seeds, wherein a certain gap is reserved between the mulching film and the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
the rooting and sprouting of weeds are inhibited through the mulching film, and sufficient accumulated temperature is provided for crop seeds;
the open and close of the air holes are controlled to control the environmental accumulated temperature of the seedling culture hole tray, so that the condition which is not beneficial to the germination of weeds is formed.
Further, after the step of rooting and sprouting the crop seeds, the method also comprises the following steps:
dissolving a fertilizer in water, and sprinkling the fertilizer to soil near the bud roots on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, wherein the leaf surfaces of the bud roots are not stained with the fertilizer water;
the position of the sunshade is adjusted in time to provide proper illumination and environment temperature for the bud roots;
under the illumination condition, the seeds which do not root and germinate are turned over up and down at intervals, so that the seeds are uniformly illuminated.
Further, the step of soaking the crop seeds for 2 hours by using the crop yield increasing agent further comprises the following steps:
increasing or decreasing the soaking time difference according to the change of the epidermis structure when the crop seeds are soaked;
increasing or decreasing the soaking time difference according to the absorption amount of the yield increasing agent when the crop seeds are soaked;
the soaking time difference is increased or decreased according to the loss of nutrients during the soaking of the crop seeds.
Furthermore, in the step of transversely opening the shallow trench and scattering fertilizer, the method also comprises the following steps:
digging a fertilizing hole with the depth of 50cm-70cm at a position 20-30cm away from the crop seeds,
correspondingly applying organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer into the fertilizing holes according to the growth condition of crop seeds,
irrigating root fixing water into the fertilizing holes.
The present invention also provides a seedling raising tray, comprising:
the digging and modifying structure is used for digging a fertilizing hole matched with the crop seeds at the crop seeds;
the air drying structure comprises an air drying box and a ventilation opening, the air drying box is fixedly arranged at the side end of the seedling culture hole tray, and the ventilation opening is formed in the inner side wall of the air drying box;
the covering structure is used for transversely opening the shallow trench for the nutrient soil, scattering fertilizer and covering the nutrient soil so that the nutrient soil covers the fertilizer and crop seeds;
the laying structure comprises a telescopic platform, a push hook buckle and a clamping groove, the telescopic platform is arranged on the inner side wall of the seedling culture hole tray cavity, the push hook buckle is arranged on the telescopic platform, and the clamping groove is arranged in the seedling culture hole tray inner side wall cavity;
and the cleaning and brushing structure is used for cleaning the root and bud surfaces of the crop buds when the crop seeds take roots and germinate.
The invention provides an agricultural seedling culture plug culture method, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention applies the microbial deinsectization technology to deinsectize crops, thereby effectively protecting the crops;
2. the invention carries out deinsectization on crops by a microbial deinsectization technology, thereby effectively reducing the pollution to the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of one embodiment of the agricultural seedling tray culture method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the agricultural seedling raising plug of the present invention;
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, a cultivation method of an agricultural seedling raising plug tray cultivation method in an embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
selecting crop seeds, soaking the crop seeds for 1-2 hours by using crop yield increasing elements, taking out the soaked crop seeds, and airing the crop seeds in a shade;
selecting hole trays, wherein a plurality of soaked crop seeds are arranged in each hole tray, sowing the soaked crop seeds into a seedling raising hole tray filled with 2/3 volumes of nutrient soil, and covering 1/4 volumes of nutrient soil on the soaked crop seeds;
accelerating germination and raising seedlings, namely transversely opening shallow trenches with nutrient soil, scattering fertilizer, covering the nutrient soil, covering the fertilizer and crop seeds with the nutrient soil, and watering until the color of the nutrient soil is changed;
extracting a preselected microbial culture medium and placing the culture medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
when the crop seeds take roots and germinate, the surfaces of the crop seed bud roots are washed clean by water, the seedling raising plug tray is placed at a ventilated position, and the crop seed bud roots are transplanted from the seedling raising plug tray after natural air drying.
In a specific embodiment: selecting mature and plump crop seeds, placing the seeds in clear water for washing, removing impurities, placing the washed seeds in a shade place for natural air drying, uniformly placing the seeds in a yield increasing agent soaking box, setting a soaking time period and collecting the seeds, increasing or reducing a soaking time difference according to the change of an epidermis structure when the crop seeds are soaked, increasing or reducing the soaking time difference according to the absorption amount of the yield increasing agent when the crop seeds are soaked, and increasing or reducing the soaking time difference according to the loss of nutrient substances when the crop seeds are soaked to obtain the crop seeds capable of being planted; digging the nutrient soil to the 2/3 horizontal position of the seedling raising plug, selecting a proper amount of crop seeds to be sowed in the 2/3 horizontal position of the seedling raising plug, and filling and covering the nutrient soil to the position of 1/4 horizontal position again to complete the sowing of the crop seeds; digging a fertilizing hole with the depth of 50cm-70cm at a position 20-30cm away from the crop seeds, correspondingly applying an organic fertilizer or a compound fertilizer into the fertilizing hole according to the growth condition of the crop seeds, and irrigating root fixing water into the fertilizing hole; observing whether the nutrient soil has an abnormal state, and if the nutrient soil is coagulated into blocks after meeting water and the soil cannot be loosened, adding sand into the nutrient soil to moderate the nutrient soil; setting a microorganism culture medium comprising a probe and a breeding chamber, wherein the breeding chamber is communicated to the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe; placing a proper amount of deinsectization microorganisms in a breeding room, and culturing the deinsectization microorganisms through the breeding room to obtain deinsectization microorganisms with the quantity corresponding to the surface layer of the nutrient soil; opening a probe connecting the breeding room to the surface layer of the nutrient soil, allowing the deinsectization microorganisms to enter the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe and killing pests; a sunshade is additionally arranged at the periphery of the seedling culture hole tray, and the sunshade is provided with opening and closing air holes; laying a layer of mulching film on the surface layer of the nutrient soil except the range of the crop seeds, wherein a certain gap is reserved between the mulching film and the surface layer of the nutrient soil; the rooting and sprouting of weeds are inhibited through the mulching film, and sufficient accumulated temperature is provided for crop seeds; the open and close of the air holes are controlled to control the environmental accumulated temperature of the seedling culture hole tray, so that the condition which is not beneficial to the germination of weeds is formed; after crops sprout, dissolving a fertilizer in water, and sprinkling the fertilizer to soil near the sprout roots on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, wherein the leaves of the sprout roots are not stained with the fertilizer water; adjusting the position of the sunshade in due time to provide proper illumination and environment temperature for the bud roots, and turning over the seeds which do not root and germinate at intervals under the illumination condition to make the seeds uniformly illuminated; and (3) washing the surfaces of the crop seed bud roots with water, placing the seedling raising plug tray at a ventilated position, and transplanting the crop seed bud roots from the seedling raising plug tray after natural air drying.
In one embodiment: before the step of soaking the crop seeds for 1-2 hours by using the crop yield increasing agent, the method also comprises the following steps:
selecting mature and plump crop seeds, placing the seeds in clear water for washing, and removing impurities;
placing the washed seeds in a shade place for natural air drying;
and uniformly placing the seeds into a yield increasing agent soaking box, setting a soaking time period and collecting the seeds to obtain the crop seeds capable of being planted.
In a specific embodiment: filling water into the flushing box, wherein the water content in the flushing box is required to reach 70% -80%, and then sowing the selected mature and plump crop seeds into the flushing box; after the washing is finished and the impurities are removed, the crop seeds are taken out of the washing box to a shade, and a layer of protective film is laid on the shade to partially protect the washed crop seeds from the outside; and (3) until the washed crop seeds are naturally air-dried, putting the crop seeds wrapped by the protective film and air-dried into a yield increasing agent soaking box, setting the soaking time according to different conditions of the seeds, and collecting the soaked seeds after soaking to obtain the sowable crop seeds.
In one embodiment: the step of sowing the soaked crop seeds into a seedling raising plug tray filled with 2/3 volumes of nutrient soil, wherein 1/4 volumes of nutrient soil are covered on the soaked crop seeds, and the method further comprises the following steps:
digging the nutrient soil to 2/3 horizontal position of the seedling raising plug,
selecting a proper amount of crop seeds and sowing the crop seeds in the 2/3 horizontal positions of the seedling raising plug tray;
and (4) filling the nutrient soil to 1/4 horizontal positions again to complete the sowing of the crop seeds.
In a specific embodiment: digging the nutrient soil in the seedling raising plug to a soil position with an area of about 2/3, sowing the sown crop seeds into the soil, and filling the nutrient soil to cover the sown seeds at the 1/4 horizontal position of the soil; and laying and covering a layer of agricultural film on the soil surface for heat preservation, moisture preservation and germination acceleration, covering a small plastic arched shed outside under the condition of low weather temperature for heat preservation and moisture preservation, and establishing a greenhouse facility outside the seedbed for implementing heat preservation measures under the condition of low temperature so as to complete the seeding of crop seeds.
In one embodiment: after the step of watering until the color of the nutrient soil changes, the method also comprises the following steps:
observing whether the nutrient soil has abnormal state or not,
if the nutrient soil is coagulated into blocks after meeting water, the soil can not be loosened,
sand is added to the nutrient soil to moderate the nutrient soil.
In a specific embodiment: a water and fertilizer supply facility is erected on the surfaces of the plug trays, when the water content or nutrient content of the matrix in the seedling plug trays is insufficient, water and nutrient solution are conveyed to the irrigation belt through the irrigation pipe, and then the matrix is irrigated into each plug tray hole through the plug trays, so that the water content in the seedling plug trays is kept between 50% and 70%; observing the soil of the seedling culture hole tray, judging whether the soil is coagulated into blocks or not through the surface color of the soil or the loose state of the soil, and if the soil is coagulated into blocks, the soil cannot be loosened; it is necessary to add sand to the soil in an appropriate amount and to mix the soil with the sand appropriately to moderate the nutrient soil.
In one embodiment: the step of extracting the preselected microbial culture medium and placing the microorganism culture medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil further comprises the following steps:
the microorganism culture assisting base comprises a probe and a breeding chamber, and the breeding chamber is communicated to the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe;
placing a proper amount of deinsectization microorganisms in the breeding chamber, and culturing the deinsectization microorganisms through the breeding chamber to obtain deinsectization microorganisms with the quantity corresponding to the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
and (3) opening a probe connecting the breeding room to the surface layer of the nutrient soil, and allowing the deinsectization microorganisms to enter the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe and kill pests.
In a specific embodiment: placing the preselected microorganism to assist the culture based on the soil surface layer of the seedling raising plug, arranging a preset microorganism culture dish in a microorganism auxiliary culture medium, and performing delicate protection and breeding culture on the microorganism through the common maintenance of the culture dish and the auxiliary culture medium, wherein the bred and cultured microorganism falls into the soil surface layer of the seedling raising plug through a probe which is self-provided by the microorganism auxiliary culture medium, correspondingly searching pests growing and developing at the soil surface layer of the seedling raising plug, and performing silkworm feeding on the pests to kill the pests.
In one embodiment: after the step of extracting the preselected microbial culture medium and placing the microorganism culture medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, the method also comprises the following steps:
a sunshade is additionally arranged at the periphery of the seedling raising plug tray, and the sunshade is provided with opening and closing air holes;
laying a layer of mulching film on the surface layer of the nutrient soil except the range of the crop seeds, wherein a certain gap is reserved between the mulching film and the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
the rooting and sprouting of weeds are inhibited through the mulching film, and sufficient accumulated temperature is provided for crop seeds;
the open and close of the air holes are controlled to control the environmental accumulated temperature of the seedling culture hole tray, so that the condition which is not beneficial to the germination of weeds is formed.
In a specific embodiment: after the microorganism is placed and cultured, the living environment of the microorganism is properly protected; arrange the sunshade in seedling culture plug soil periphery department, through the bleeder vent that the sunshade is equipped with certainly, control illumination intensity to the influence of microorganism, and the sunshade can also shelter from partial air pollutant, effectively protects the existence of microorganism: a layer of mulching film is laid on the soil surface layer of the seedling culture hole tray, a certain gap is reserved between the mulching film and the soil surface layer of the seedling culture hole tray, the mulching film is laid to inhibit weeds from affecting microorganisms, and a proper accumulated temperature environment can be provided for crop seeds.
In one embodiment: after the step of rooting and sprouting of the crop seeds, the method further comprises the following steps:
dissolving a fertilizer in water, and sprinkling the fertilizer to soil near the bud roots on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, wherein the leaf surfaces of the bud roots are not stained with the fertilizer water;
the position of the sunshade is adjusted in time to provide proper illumination and environment temperature for the bud roots;
under the illumination condition, the seeds which do not root and germinate are turned over up and down at intervals, so that the seeds are uniformly illuminated.
In a specific embodiment: when the crop seeds root and sprout from the surface layer of the seedling raising plug soil, the temperature management control is generally controlled to be about 20 ℃, the control of the soil temperature and the water in the seedling raising plug is carefully paid attention to, the seedling emergence condition is observed in time, high-temperature bud burning and excessive or insufficient water non-emergence are prevented, and after the seedlings of the seedling raising plug sprout to 50 percent, the agricultural film on the surface layer of the seedling raising plug is removed in time; dissolving an organic fertilizer or a compound fertilizer in water, and repeatedly and properly watering and scattering the organic fertilizer or the compound fertilizer in the positions except for the root and leaves of the seedling on the surface soil of the seedling culture plug tray; when the temperature is lower than 16 ℃, the position of the sunshade is timely displaced, and the growth temperature of the bud seedlings is ensured to be above 15 ℃.
In one embodiment: in the step of soaking the crop seeds for 2 hours by using the crop yield increasing agent, the method further comprises the following steps:
increasing or decreasing the soaking time difference according to the change of the epidermis structure when the crop seeds are soaked;
increasing or decreasing the soaking time difference according to the absorption amount of the yield increasing agent when the crop seeds are soaked;
the soaking time difference is increased or decreased according to the loss of nutrients during the soaking of the crop seeds.
In a specific embodiment: selecting mature and plump crop seeds, washing the seeds in clear water to remove impurities, placing the washed seeds in a shade place for natural air drying, uniformly placing the seeds in a yield increasing agent soaking box, setting a soaking time period and collecting the seeds, carrying out corresponding soaking time conversion on the seeds through the change of the seeds in the soaking process,
for example: when the crop seeds are soaked, the outer skin of the outer structure falls off, so that the soaking time difference needs to be reduced and the crop seeds need to be protected, otherwise, the skin of the crop seeds completely falls off to influence the subsequent rooting and sprouting of the crop seeds;
incomplete absorption of yield increasing elements occurs inside the crop seeds during soaking, the soaking time difference needs to be increased to carry out more sufficient absorption on the crop seeds, otherwise, the subsequent rooting and sprouting of the crop seeds are influenced due to the incomplete absorption of the crop seeds;
when the crop seeds are soaked, because the condition that the yield increasing agent cannot be absorbed simultaneously occurs outside and inside, the soaking time difference needs to be increased to absorb the yield increasing agent of the crop seeds again, otherwise, the subsequent rooting and sprouting of the crop seeds can be caused because the crop seeds have no nutrient substances.
In one embodiment: in the step of transversely opening the shallow trench and scattering fertilizer, the method also comprises the following steps:
digging a fertilizing hole with the depth of 50cm-70cm at a position 20-30cm away from the crop seeds,
correspondingly applying organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer into the fertilizing holes according to the growth condition of crop seeds,
irrigating root fixing water into the fertilizing holes.
In a specific embodiment: carrying out rotary tillage on the selected soil surface layer, removing weeds, sharp objects and the like, ridging by using a rotary cultivator, and making the soil ridge about 20cm wide; drilling a fertilizing hole with the diameter of 20-30cm and the depth of 50-70cm along the inner edge of the seedling raising hole tray by using a soil punching machine, and then transversely filling 1 or a mixture of more than one of branches, bamboo branches, corn straws, sorghum stalks, cotton stalks and hemp stalks with the length between the radius and the diameter of the fertilizing hole to the bottom of the fertilizing hole; then filling the organic fertilizer into the fertilizer application holes, and scattering 70-100g of urea, 100-150g of calcium superphosphate and 80-100g of potassium sulfate; and finally, adding root fixing water matched with the crop seeds into the fertilizing holes, and covering the surface layers of the fertilizing holes again.
Referring to fig. 2, a seedling raising tray according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the digging and modifying structure 10 is used for digging a fertilizing hole matched with the crop seeds at the crop seeds;
an air-drying structure 20 for air-drying the selected and soaked crop seeds;
and the cleaning and brushing structure 30 is used for cleaning the root and bud surfaces of the crop buds when the crop seeds take roots and germinate.
It can be understood that the brushing structure 30 includes a sprayer and a water outlet pipe, one end of the sprayer is communicated with the water outlet pipe, and the other end of the sprayer is communicated with the soil surface layer, the water outlet pipe is communicated with an external water source; the digging-changing structure 10 comprises a discharging shovel and a connector, wherein the discharging shovel is arranged on the connector, and the connector is fixedly arranged on the seedling raising plug tray; air-dry structure 20 is including air-drying box and vent, air-drying box fixed mounting in the side of seedling culture hole tray, and the inside wall of air-drying box is located to the vent.
The seedling raising hole tray further comprises a soaking structure and a laying structure, wherein the soaking structure comprises a soaking box, a limiting bump and a water outlet, the soaking box is fixedly arranged at the side end of the seedling raising hole tray, the limiting bump is arranged on the inner side wall of the soaking box, and the water outlet is arranged at two sides of the bottom end of the soaking box; the laying structure comprises a telescopic platform, a push hook buckle and a clamping groove, wherein the telescopic platform is arranged on the inner side wall of the seedling culture hole tray cavity, the push hook buckle is arranged on the telescopic platform, and the clamping groove is arranged in the inner side wall of the seedling culture hole tray cavity.
Specifically, mature and full crop seeds are selected and placed in clear water for washing, impurities are removed, the washed seeds are placed in a shade place for natural air drying through an air drying structure 20, the seeds are uniformly placed in a yield increasing agent soaking box, a soaking time period is set, the seeds are collected, the soaking time difference is increased or reduced according to the change of an epidermis structure when the crop seeds are soaked, the soaking time difference is increased or reduced according to the absorption amount of the yield increasing agent when the crop seeds are soaked, and the soaking time difference is increased or reduced according to nutrient substances lost when the crop seeds are soaked, so that the crop seeds capable of being planted are obtained; digging the structure 10 to dig the nutrient soil to 2/3 horizontal position of seedling raising plug, selecting a proper amount of crop seeds to be sowed in 2/3 horizontal position of seedling raising plug, filling the nutrient soil to cover 1/4 horizontal position again, and completing sowing of crop seeds; digging a fertilizing hole with the depth of 50cm-70cm at a position 20-30cm away from the crop seeds, correspondingly applying an organic fertilizer or a compound fertilizer into the fertilizing hole according to the growth condition of the crop seeds, and irrigating root fixing water into the fertilizing hole; observing whether the nutrient soil has an abnormal state, and if the nutrient soil is coagulated into blocks after meeting water and the soil cannot be loosened, adding sand into the nutrient soil to moderate the nutrient soil; setting a microorganism culture medium comprising a probe and a breeding chamber, wherein the breeding chamber is communicated to the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe; placing a proper amount of deinsectization microorganisms in a breeding room, and culturing the deinsectization microorganisms through the breeding room to obtain deinsectization microorganisms with the quantity corresponding to the surface layer of the nutrient soil; a probe connecting the breeding chamber to the surface layer of the nutrient soil is opened, and the deinsectization microorganisms enter the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe and kill pests; a sunshade is additionally arranged at the periphery of the seedling raising plug tray, and the sunshade is provided with opening and closing air holes; laying a layer of mulching film on the surface layer of the nutrient soil except the range of the crop seeds, wherein a certain gap is reserved between the mulching film and the surface layer of the nutrient soil; the rooting and sprouting of weeds are inhibited through the mulching film, and sufficient accumulated temperature is provided for crop seeds; the open and close of the air holes are controlled to control the environmental accumulated temperature of the seedling culture hole tray, so that the condition which is not beneficial to the germination of weeds is formed; after crops sprout, dissolving a fertilizer in water, and sprinkling the fertilizer to soil near the sprout roots on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, wherein the leaves of the sprout roots are not stained with the fertilizer water; adjusting the position of the sunshade in due time to provide proper illumination and environment temperature for the bud roots, and turning over the seeds which do not root and germinate at intervals under the illumination condition to make the seeds uniformly illuminated; the cleaning structure 30 washes the surfaces of the crop seed bud roots clean with water, places the seedling raising plug in a ventilation position, and transplants the crop seed bud roots from the seedling raising plug after natural air drying.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The agricultural seedling raising plug culture method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting crop seeds, soaking the crop seeds for 1-2 hours by using crop yield increasing elements, taking out the soaked crop seeds, and airing the crop seeds in a shade;
selecting hole trays, wherein a plurality of soaked crop seeds are arranged in each hole tray, sowing the soaked crop seeds into a seedling raising hole tray filled with 2/3 volumes of nutrient soil, and covering 1/4 volumes of nutrient soil on the soaked crop seeds;
accelerating germination and raising seedlings, namely transversely opening shallow trenches with nutrient soil, scattering fertilizer, covering the nutrient soil, covering the fertilizer and crop seeds with the nutrient soil, and watering until the color of the nutrient soil is changed;
extracting a preselected microbial culture medium and placing the culture medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
when the crop seeds take roots and germinate, the surfaces of the crop seed bud roots are washed clean by water, the seedling raising plug tray is placed at a ventilated position, and the crop seed bud roots are transplanted from the seedling raising plug tray after natural air drying.
2. The method for cultivating an agricultural seedling raising plug according to claim 1, wherein before the step of soaking the crop seeds for 1-2 hours with the crop yield increasing agent, the method further comprises:
selecting mature and plump crop seeds, placing the seeds in clear water for washing, and removing impurities;
placing the washed seeds in a shade place for natural air drying;
and uniformly placing the seeds into a yield increasing agent soaking box, setting a soaking time period and collecting the seeds to obtain the crop seeds capable of being planted.
3. The agricultural seedling tray culture method of claim 1, wherein the step of sowing the soaked crop seeds into a seedling tray filled with 2/3 volumes of nutrient soil, the soaked crop seeds being covered with 1/4 volumes of nutrient soil, further comprises:
digging the nutrient soil to 2/3 horizontal position of the seedling raising plug,
selecting a proper amount of crop seeds and sowing the crop seeds in the 2/3 horizontal positions of the seedling raising plug tray;
and (5) filling the nutrient soil to cover the position 1/4 horizontally again, and completing the sowing of the crop seeds.
4. The method for cultivating an agricultural seedling raising tray according to claim 1, wherein after the step of watering until the color of the nutrient soil changes, the method further comprises:
observing whether the nutrient soil has abnormal state or not,
if the nutrient soil is coagulated into blocks after meeting water, the soil can not be loosened,
sand is added to the nutrient soil to moderate the nutrient soil.
5. The method for cultivating an agricultural seedling tray as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of extracting the pre-selected microorganism culture medium to be placed on the surface layer of the nutrient soil further comprises:
the microorganism culture assisting base comprises a probe and a breeding chamber, and the breeding chamber is communicated to the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe;
placing a proper amount of deinsectization microorganisms in the breeding chamber, and culturing the deinsectization microorganisms through the breeding chamber to obtain deinsectization microorganisms with the quantity corresponding to the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
and (3) opening a probe connecting the breeding room to the surface layer of the nutrient soil, and allowing the deinsectization microorganisms to enter the surface layer of the nutrient soil through the probe and kill pests.
6. The method for cultivating an agricultural seedling tray as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of extracting the preselected microorganism culture medium is carried out after the step of placing the microorganism culture medium on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, and further comprises the following steps:
a sunshade is additionally arranged at the periphery of the seedling culture hole tray, and the sunshade is provided with opening and closing air holes;
laying a layer of mulching film on the surface layer of the nutrient soil except the range of the crop seeds, wherein a certain gap is reserved between the mulching film and the surface layer of the nutrient soil;
the rooting and sprouting of weeds are inhibited through the mulching film, and sufficient accumulated temperature is provided for crop seeds;
the open and close of the air holes are controlled to control the environmental accumulated temperature of the seedling culture hole tray, so that the condition which is not beneficial to the germination of weeds is formed.
7. The method for cultivating an agricultural seedling raising plug according to claim 1, wherein after the step of rooting and sprouting of the crop seeds, the method further comprises the following steps:
dissolving a fertilizer in water, and sprinkling the fertilizer to soil near the bud roots on the surface layer of the nutrient soil, wherein the leaf surfaces of the bud roots are not stained with the fertilizer water;
the position of the sunshade is adjusted in time to provide proper illumination and environment temperature for the bud roots;
under the illumination condition, the seeds which do not root and germinate are turned over up and down at intervals, so that the seeds are uniformly illuminated.
8. The method for cultivating an agricultural seedling raising tray according to claim 1, wherein the step of soaking the crop seeds for 2 hours with a crop yield increasing agent further comprises:
increasing or decreasing the soaking time difference according to the change of the epidermis structure when the crop seeds are soaked;
increasing or decreasing the soaking time difference according to the absorption amount of the yield increasing agent when the crop seeds are soaked;
the soaking time difference is increased or decreased according to the loss of nutrients during the soaking of the crop seeds.
9. The method for cultivating an agricultural seedling tray as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of spreading the nutrient soil into the fertilizer by crossing the shallow trench further comprises:
digging a fertilizing hole with the depth of 50cm-70cm at a position 20-30cm away from the crop seeds,
correspondingly applying organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer into the fertilizing holes according to the growth condition of crop seeds,
irrigating root fixing water into the fertilizing holes.
10. A seedling raising tray, which is adapted for the agricultural seedling raising tray culture method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the seedling raising tray comprising:
the cleaning structure, the soaking structure, the air drying structure, the digging structure and the laying structure are all arranged on the seedling culture hole tray,
the cleaning and brushing structure comprises a sprayer and a water outlet pipe, wherein one end of the sprayer is communicated with the water outlet pipe, the other end of the sprayer is communicated with the soil surface layer, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with an external water source;
the soaking structure comprises a soaking box, a limiting bump and a water outlet, the soaking box is fixedly arranged at the side end of the seedling raising hole disc, the limiting bump is arranged on the inner side wall of the soaking box, and the water outlet is arranged at two sides of the bottom end of the soaking box;
the air drying structure comprises an air drying box and a ventilation opening, the air drying box is fixedly arranged at the side end of the seedling culture hole tray, and the ventilation opening is formed in the inner side wall of the air drying box;
the digging and modifying structure comprises a discharging shovel and a connector, wherein the discharging shovel is arranged on the connector, and the connector is fixedly arranged on the seedling culture hole tray;
the laying structure comprises a telescopic platform, a push hook buckle and a clamping groove, wherein the telescopic platform is arranged on the inner side wall of the seedling culture hole tray cavity, the push hook buckle is arranged on the telescopic platform, and the clamping groove is arranged in the inner side wall of the seedling culture hole tray cavity.
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