CN114479697A - 可降解压敏胶带 - Google Patents
可降解压敏胶带 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114479697A CN114479697A CN202210211749.5A CN202210211749A CN114479697A CN 114479697 A CN114479697 A CN 114479697A CN 202210211749 A CN202210211749 A CN 202210211749A CN 114479697 A CN114479697 A CN 114479697A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- agent
- portions
- parts
- degradable
- pressure sensitive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- -1 methyl hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
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- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- SXEQNYJKZGIDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methoxy-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CONC(=O)C(C)=C SXEQNYJKZGIDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
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- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
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- ZIWRUEGECALFST-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 4-(4-dodecoxysulfonylphenoxy)benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)c1ccc(Oc2ccc(cc2)S([O-])(=O)=O)cc1 ZIWRUEGECALFST-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]butyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULYOZOPEFCQZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(methoxymethyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound COCNC(=O)C=C ULYOZOPEFCQZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
- C09J7/25—Plastics; Metallised plastics based on macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/255—Polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1808—C8-(meth)acrylate, e.g. isooctyl (meth)acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06
- C09J133/068—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06 containing glycidyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
- C09J7/381—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA] based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/385—Acrylic polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/40—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by release liners
- C09J7/401—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by release liners characterised by the release coating composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/10—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
- C09J2301/12—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers
- C09J2301/122—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers the adhesive layer being present only on one side of the carrier, e.g. single-sided adhesive tape
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/30—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
- C09J2301/302—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being pressure-sensitive, i.e. tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2467/00—Presence of polyester
- C09J2467/006—Presence of polyester in the substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2483/00—Presence of polysiloxane
- C09J2483/005—Presence of polysiloxane in the release coating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种可降解压敏胶带，包括依次叠放的离型层，按重量份数计，包括以下原料组分：乳液型有机硅离型剂30‑50份，第一交联剂3‑5份，锚固剂1‑2份，消泡剂0.2‑0.8份，第一乳化剂0.2‑0.6份，催化剂0.2‑0.6份，去离子水30‑60份；基材层，由聚乳酸基材料构成；以及胶粘剂层，按重量份数计，包括以下组分：软单体为33.5‑45.1份、硬单体4.8‑6.3份、极性单体为1.2‑6.4份、内交联单体为0.2‑0.8份、阴离子乳化剂为0.3‑0.8份、缓冲剂为0.1‑0.2份、引发剂为0.2‑0.4份、三官能度氮丙啶系交联剂0.5‑2.0份、去离子水为48.1‑55.2份以及pH值调节剂为0.5～2份。本发明的可降解压敏胶带具有可降解的优点，从而降低了胶带对环境的污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明是关于胶带，特别是关于一种可降解压敏胶带。
背景技术
随着人们的环保意识增加，为实现包装的绿色发展，减少白色污染，产品的可降解性能有着重要意义，目前市面上普通胶带不可以被降解，废弃在自然环境中很难被降解，普通胶带埋填在土壤中的降解周期长达到几十年甚至上百年。焚烧处理法存在的问题会造成环境污染，破坏土质和地下水质。因而现有的聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯等材质的普通胶带，虽然成本较低，但是对环境造成很大的危害。
因此，有必要提供一种可降解压敏胶带，来解决上述问题。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可降解压敏胶带，其可以降低压敏胶带对环境的污染程度。
为实现上述目的，本发明的实施例提供了一种可降解胶带，包括依次叠放的离型层，按重量份数计，包括以下原料组分：乳液型有机硅离型剂30-50份，第一交联剂3-5份，锚固剂1-2份，消泡剂0.2-0.8份，第一乳化剂0.2-0.6份，催化剂0.2-0.6份，去离子水30-60份。基材层，由聚乳酸基材料制得。以及胶粘剂层，按重量份数计，包括以下组分：软单体为33.5-45.1份、硬单体4.8-6.3份、极性单体为1.2-6.4份、内交联单体为0.2-0.8份、阴离子乳化剂为0.3-0.8份、缓冲剂为0.1-0.2份、引发剂为0.2-0.4份、三官能度氮丙啶系交联剂0.5-2.0份、去离子水为48.1-55.2份以及pH值调节剂为0.5-2份。
其中，离型层选用乳液型有机硅离型剂作为主要原料，是因为溶剂型的原料成本高、毒性大、污染严重；而乳液型的原料则具有无毒、无污染的优点。
所述基材层由聚乳酸基材料制得。其中，聚乳酸基材料可以为PLA,PLA是一种由100％可再生资源(如糖、马铃薯、甘蔗、玉米、甜菜等)衍生而来的线性脂肪族热塑性聚酯。工业生产高分子PLA的最常见途径是丙交酯单体的开环聚合(ROP)由可再生农业资源发酵产生的乳酸形成，其制成的产品光泽度、透明性、耐热度好，抗拉强度及延展度好，可生物降解，PLA分子结构中的酯键易水解，通过主链上不稳定的酯键水解而成低聚物，然后微生物进入组织物内，将其分解成二氧化碳和水，可降解性好。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述乳液型有机硅离型剂为反应型硅氧烷聚合物。反应型硅氧烷聚合物具体可以为SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述第一交联剂为甲基含氢硅油乳液。甲基含氢硅油乳液具体可以为SYL-OFFTMSL 12 Crosslinker。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述锚固剂为有机硅烷。有机硅烷具体可以为SYL-OFFTMSL 9176 Anchorage Additive。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述消泡剂为乳液型消泡剂。乳液型消泡剂具体可以为SYL-OFFTM EM 7989 Antifoam。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述第一乳化剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述催化剂为铂化合物。铂化合物具体可以为SYL-OFFTM EM 7975 Catalyst Emulsion。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述软单体包括丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯以及丙烯酸异辛酯中的至少一种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述硬单体包括丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯以及苯乙烯中的一种或两种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述极性单体包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯以及丙烯酸羟丙酯中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述内交联单体包括丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺以及N-甲氧基甲基丙烯酰胺中的至少一种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述阴离子乳化剂包括壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵以及十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠中的一种或两种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述缓冲剂包括碳酸氢钠。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述引发剂包括过硫酸钠以及过硫酸铵中的一种或两种。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述三官能度氮丙啶系交联剂，具体可以为SAC-100。
在本发明的一个或多个实施方式中，所述pH值调节剂包括氨水。
与现有技术相比，根据本发明实施方式的可降解压敏胶带，通过对基材层的材料选择，以及对胶粘剂层和离型层组成原料的选择，从而使本发明的可降解压敏胶带具备可降解的性能，从而降低了胶带对环境的污染。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述，但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
除非另有其它明确表示，否则在整个说明书和权利要求书中，术语“包括”或其变换如“包含”或“包括有”等等将被理解为包括所陈述的元件或组成部分，而并未排除其它元件或其它组成部分。
实施例1
基材层选取PLA材料制得。
制备离型剂：
分别称取SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating 40g，SYL-OFFTM SL 12Crosslinker 3g，SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive 1g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7989Antifoam 0.5g，十二烷基硫酸钠0.3g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7975Catalyst Emulsion 0.3g，去离子水50g。
1)将SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating、SYL-OFFTM SL 12 Crosslinker、去离子水投入搅拌桶，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
2)把SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive、SYL-OFFTM EM 7975 CatalystEmulsion在搅拌的情况下加入到搅拌桶中，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
3)向搅拌桶中加入十二烷基硫酸钠、SYL-OFFTM EM 7989 Antifoam中速搅拌600转/分钟搅拌20分钟，得到环保型离型剂。
制备胶粘剂
分别称取丙烯酸丁酯为37.1g、丙烯酸甲酯5.2g、丙烯酸为3.2g、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为0.5g、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵为0.4g、碳酸氢钠为0.1g、过硫酸钠为0.3g、SAC-100为0.7g，去离子水为52.9g。
1)称取0.4g壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、30g去离子水，搅拌均匀后加入37.1g丙烯酸丁酯、5.2g丙烯酸甲酯、3.2g丙烯酸、0.5g甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，然后以600r/min的速度，搅拌45min；
2)将0.1g碳酸氢钠、18.9g离子水投入反应釜，并加热至81℃，注入0.3g的过硫酸钠。
4)滴加完毕后，将反应釜升温至87℃，反应1.5小时，降温至40℃，加入氨水，调节PH为7～8之间即可，300目过滤出料，即得预乳液。(其中，氨水的用量为1g)。
5)称取0.7gSAC-100，加入4g的去离子水，混合均匀。
6)将稀释好的SAC-100慢慢加入预乳液中，搅拌30min。
即得到胶粘剂。
在基材层的一侧涂离型液，制备离型层；在基材层的另一侧胶粘剂，制备胶粘剂层，干燥后得可降解压敏胶带。
实施例2，
基材层选取PLA材料制得。
制备离型剂：
分别称取SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating 42g，SYL-OFFTM SL 12Crosslinker 3.1g，SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive 1g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7989Antifoam 0.6g，十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.3g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7975Catalyst Emulsion 0.3g，去离子水52g。
1)将SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating、SYL-OFFTM SL 12 Crosslinker、去离子水投入搅拌桶，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
2)把SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive、SYL-OFFTM EM 7975 CatalystEmulsion在搅拌的情况下加入到搅拌桶中，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
3)向搅拌桶中加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠、SYL-OFFTM EM 7989 Antifoam中速搅拌600转/分钟搅拌20分钟，得到环保型离型剂。
制备胶粘剂
分别称取甲基丙烯酸丁酯为37.2g、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5.5g、甲基丙烯酸为3.3g、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为0.6g、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵为0.5g、、碳酸氢钠为0.1g、过硫酸钠为0.3g、SAC-100为0.6g、去离子水为52.1g。
1)称取0.5g壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、29g去离子水，搅拌均匀后加入37.2g丙烯酸丁酯、5.5g丙烯酸甲酯、3.3g甲基丙烯酸、0.6g甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，然后以600r/min的速度，搅拌45min；
2)将0.12g碳酸氢钠、19.1g离子水投入反应釜，并加热至80℃，注入0.3g的过硫酸钠。
4)滴加完毕后，将反应釜升温至86℃，反应1.5小时，降温至40℃，加入氨水，调节PH 7～8之间即可，300目过滤出料，即得预乳液。(其中，氨水的用量为0.9g)。
5)称取0.6gSAC-100，加入4g的去离子水，混合均匀。
6)将稀释好的SAC-100慢慢加入预乳液中，搅拌30min。
即得到胶粘剂。
在基材层的一侧涂离型液，制备离型层；在基材层的另一侧胶粘剂，制备胶粘剂层，干燥后得可降解压敏胶带。
实施例3，
基材层选取PLA材料制得
制备离型剂：
分别称取SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating 30g，SYL-OFFTM SL 12Crosslinker 3.2g，SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive 1.2g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7989Antifoam 0.3g，辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.3g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7975 Catalyst Emulsion 0.3g，去离子水30g。
1)将SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating、SYL-OFFTM SL 12 Crosslinker、去离子水投入搅拌桶，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
2)把SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive、SYL-OFFTM EM 7975 CatalystEmulsion在搅拌的情况下加入到搅拌桶中，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
3)向搅拌桶中加入辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、SYL-OFFTM EM 7989 Antifoam中速搅拌600转/分钟搅拌20分钟，得到环保型离型剂。
制备胶粘剂
分别称取丙烯酸异辛酯为36.9g、苯乙烯5.8g、丙烯酸羟乙酯为3.3g、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺为0.5g、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵为0.6g、碳酸氢钠为0.1g、过硫酸钠为0.3g、0.6gSAC-100、去离子水为52.3g。
1)称取0.6g壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、30g去离子水，搅拌均匀后加入36.9g丙烯酸异辛酯、5.8g苯乙烯、3.3g丙烯酸羟乙酯、0.5gN-羟甲基丙烯酰胺，然后以600r/min的速度，搅拌45min；
2)将0.11g碳酸氢钠、18.3g离子水投入反应釜，并加热至82℃，注入0.3g的过硫酸钠。
4)滴加完毕后，将反应釜升温至85℃，反应1.5小时，降温至40℃，加入氨水，调节PH 7～8之间即可，300目过滤出料，即得预乳液。(其中，氨水的用量为1.1g)。
5)称取0.6gSAC-100，加入4g的去离子水，混合均匀。
6)将稀释好的SAC-100慢慢加入预乳液中，搅拌30min。
即得到胶粘剂。
在基材层的一侧涂离型液，制备离型层；在基材层的另一侧胶粘剂，制备胶粘剂层，干燥后得可降解压敏胶带。
实施例4，
基材层选取PLA材料制得
制备离型剂：
分别称取SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating 30g，SYL-OFFTM SL 12Crosslinker 4g，SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive 1.5g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7989Antifoam 0.2g，十二烷基硫酸钠0.2g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7975Catalyst Emulsion 0.2g，去离子水50g。
1)将SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating、SYL-OFFTM SL 12 Crosslinker、去离子水投入搅拌桶，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
2)把SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive、SYL-OFFTM EM 7975CatalystEmulsion在搅拌的情况下加入到搅拌桶中，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
3)向搅拌桶中加入十二烷基硫酸钠、SYL-OFFTM EM 7989Antifoam中速搅拌600转/分钟搅拌20分钟，得到环保型离型剂。
制备胶粘剂
分别称取丙烯酸异辛酯为33.5g、丙烯酸甲酯4.8g、丙烯酸羟丙酯为1.2g、N-甲氧基甲基丙烯酰胺为0.2g、十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠0.3g、碳酸氢钠为0.1g、过硫酸铵为0.2g、0.5gSAC-100、去离子水为48.1g。
1)称取0.5g十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠、25g去离子水，搅拌均匀后加入33.5g丙烯酸异辛酯、4.8g丙烯酸甲酯、1.2g丙烯酸羟丙酯、0.2gN-甲氧基甲基丙烯酰胺，然后以600r/min的速度，搅拌45min；
2)将0.1g碳酸氢钠、19.1g离子水投入反应釜，并加热至80℃，注入0.2g的过硫酸铵。
4)滴加完毕后，将反应釜升温至85℃，反应1.5小时，降温至40℃，加入氨水，调节PH 7～8之间即可，300目过滤出料，即得预乳液。(其中，氨水的用量为0.5g)。
5)称取0.5gSAC-100，加入4g的去离子水，混合均匀。
6)将稀释好的SAC-100慢慢加入预乳液中，搅拌30min。
即得到胶粘剂。
在基材层的一侧涂离型液，制备离型层；在基材层的另一侧胶粘剂，制备胶粘剂层，干燥后得可降解压敏胶带。
实施例5，
基材层选取PLA材料制得
制备离型剂：
分别称取SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating 50g，SYL-OFFTM SL 12Crosslinker 5g，SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive 2g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7989Antifoam 0.8g，十二烷基硫酸钠0.6g，SYL-OFFTM EM 7975Catalyst Emulsion 0.6g，去离子水60g。
1)将SYL-OFFTM 7920 Emulsion Coating、SYL-OFFTM SL 12Crosslinker、去离子水投入搅拌桶，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
2)把SYL-OFFTM SL 9176 Anchorage Additive、SYL-OFFTM EM 7975 CatalystEmulsion在搅拌的情况下加入到搅拌桶中，低速300转/分钟搅拌搅拌5min；
3)向搅拌桶中加入十二烷基硫酸钠、SYL-OFFTM EM 7989 Antifoam中速搅拌600转/分钟搅拌20分钟，得到环保型离型剂。
制备胶粘剂
分别称取丙烯酸丁酯为45.1g、甲基丙烯酸甲酯6.3g、丙烯酸为6.4g、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为0.8g、十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠为0.8g、碳酸氢钠为0.2g、过硫酸铵为0.4g、2.0gSAC-100、去离子水为55.2g。
1)称取0.8g十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠、30g去离子水，搅拌均匀后加入45.1g丙烯酸丁酯、6.3g甲基丙烯酸甲酯、6.4g丙烯酸、0.8g甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，然后以600r/min的速度，搅拌45min；
2)将0.2g碳酸氢钠、21.2g离子水投入反应釜，并加热至82℃，注入0.4g的过硫酸铵。
4)滴加完毕后，将反应釜升温至88℃，反应1.5小时，降温至40℃，加入氨水，调节PH 7～8之间即可，300目过滤出料，即得预乳液。(其中，氨水的用量为2g)。
5)称取2.0gSAC-100，加入4g的去离子水，混合均匀。
6)将稀释好的SAC-100慢慢加入预乳液中，搅拌30min。
即得到胶粘剂
在基材层的一侧涂离型液，制备离型层；在基材层的另一侧胶粘剂，制备胶粘剂层，干燥后得可降解压敏胶带。
对比例1，
市售普通聚丙烯胶带。
下面将对实施例1～5中得到的可降解压敏胶带以及对比例1中的胶带进行如下的性能测试：
1)按照GB 4852-2002压敏胶带初粘性试验方法(滚球法)。
2)按照GB/T4851压敏胶黏带持粘性试验方法。
3)按照GB/T 2792压敏胶带180°剥离强度试验。
4)按照GB7753-87压敏胶带拉伸性能实验方法。
按上述公开的方法分别进行初粘性、持粘性、180°剥离强度、拉伸强度/断裂伸长率测试，测试数据如下表：
表1
下面将对实施例1～5中得到的可降解压敏胶带以及对比例1中的胶带进行如下的可降解测试，并得到表2内的数据：
1)重金属与特定物质限量：将胶带样品经高压微波系统消解后，用原子吸收光谱仪按照国家标准GB/T15337规定的方法进行测试。
2)生物分解率按照国家标准GB/T19277.1、GB/T19277.2规定进行测试。
表2
从表1中的各项数据可以看出，实施例1～5中得到的可降解胶带的各项性能与市面上的普通聚丙烯胶带的各项性能相近，甚至有个别性能优于市面上的普通丙烯胶带的性能。
从表2内的数据可以得知，实施例1～5中得到的可降解胶带的重金属与特定物质的含量与市面上的普通聚丙烯胶带的重金属与特定物质的含量几乎一样。但是实施例1～5中得到的可降解胶带的相对生物分解率明显优于市面上的普通聚丙烯胶带的相对生物分解率，且实施例1～5中得到的可降解胶带的相对生物分解率甚至可以达到95％以上，因为本发明的可降解胶带在自然环境中可以认为是可以自然降级的，从而减轻胶带对于环境的污染程度。
综上所述，本发明的可降解胶带的有益效果为：通过对基材层的材料选择，以及对胶粘剂层和离型层组成原料的选择，从而使本发明的可降解压敏胶带具备可降解的性能，从而降低了胶带对环境的污染程度。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式，并且很显然，根据上述教导，可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，包括依次叠放的
离型层，按重量份数计，包括以下原料组分：乳液型有机硅离型剂30-50份，第一交联剂3-5份，锚固剂1-2份，消泡剂0.2-0.8份，第一乳化剂0.2-0.6份，催化剂0.2-0.6份，去离子水30-60份；
基材层，由聚乳酸基材料构成；以及
胶粘剂层，按重量份数计，包括以下组分：软单体为33.5-45.1份、硬单体4.8-6.3份、极性单体为1.2-6.4份、内交联单体为0.2-0.8份、阴离子乳化剂为0.3-0.8份、缓冲剂为0.1-0.2份、引发剂为0.2-0.4份、三官能度氮丙啶系交联剂0.5-2.0份、去离子水为48.1-55.2份以及pH值调节剂为0.5-2份。
2.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述乳液型有机硅离型剂为反应型硅氧烷聚合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述第一交联剂为甲基含氢硅油乳液。
4.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述锚固剂为有机硅烷。
5.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述第一乳化剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述催化剂为铂化合物。
7.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述软单体包括丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯以及丙烯酸异辛酯中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述硬单体包括丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯以及苯乙烯中的一种或两种。
9.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述极性单体包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯以及丙烯酸羟丙酯中的至少一种。
10.如权利要求1所述的可降解压敏胶带，其特征在于，所述内交联单体包括丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺以及N-甲氧基甲基丙烯酰胺中的至少一种。
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