CN114468186A - Barbus capito breeding fish feed and application thereof in artificial cultivation of Barbus capito - Google Patents
Barbus capito breeding fish feed and application thereof in artificial cultivation of Barbus capito Download PDFInfo
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- CN114468186A CN114468186A CN202210207510.0A CN202210207510A CN114468186A CN 114468186 A CN114468186 A CN 114468186A CN 202210207510 A CN202210207510 A CN 202210207510A CN 114468186 A CN114468186 A CN 114468186A
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- fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed and application thereof in sinocyclocheilus grahami artificial cultivation. The fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of castor seed kernels, 10-20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5-15 parts of wild chrysanthemum flowers, 5-10 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 10-20 parts of motherwort and 10-25 parts of schisandra chinensis. The feed for the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling provided by the invention has stronger sterilization and bacteriostasis effects, is beneficial to enhancing the immunity, disease prevention and disease resistance of the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling, can also improve the digestion and absorption capacity and growth and development of the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling, can obviously promote gonad development and maturation, shorten the gonad maturation time, effectively improve the fecundity and egg discharge amount, and improve the quality of ova so as to enhance the reproductive capacity of the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling. The fish feed has extremely important significance in artificial cultivation of the large-scale sinocyclocheilus grahami.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed and application thereof in sinocyclocheilus grahami artificial cultivation.
Background
The Sinocyclocheilus grahami is a common edible fish in the Xishuangbanna area of Yunnan, has tender meat and delicious taste, is a common local economic fish, is deeply loved by consumers and has higher popularization value. With the increasing market demand, the culture scale of the large-scale Sinocycheilus grahami is gradually enlarged. However, the reproduction efficiency of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is low and unstable, so that the seedling supply amount is seriously insufficient. At present, in order to relieve the problem of insufficient seedling quantity, a mode of adding chemical hormones and other medicines into feed is often adopted to promote gonad maturation of the sinocyclocheilus grahami so as to enhance the reproductive capacity of the sinocyclocheilus grahami. However, long-term use of the feed can not only reduce the quality of seedlings, but also cause certain pollution to the environment.
The parent fish, also called parent fish, is a fish used for breeding fry, and refers to male or female fish having reproductive ability when it develops to a sexual maturity stage. The breeding fish is the crucial basis of artificial propagation, and the quality of fish eggs determines the basic quality of the larvae and the young fishes. The gonadal development stage of fish in the parent fish stage usually requires more nutrients. In addition, the breeding fish has higher requirements on nutrient elements such as protein, fat and the like in the feed.
The gonad maturation time of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is longer under natural conditions, and the fecundity and the ovulation quantity are lower, so that the fertility rate and the reproductive capacity of the sinocyclocheilus grahami are reduced. In addition, with the rapid development of large-scale and intensive culture of fish, outbreaks of culture diseases caused by bacterial and viral infection are more and more frequent, which can seriously affect the breeding of breeding fish and reduce the quality of offspring seeds.
China has rich Chinese herbal medicine resources, and the Chinese herbal medicine has the advantages of low residue, no harm to human health, high efficiency, safety and the like, and meets the requirement of healthy cultivation. Therefore, Chinese herbal medicine resources are reasonably developed and utilized in the cultivation of the sinocyclocheilus grahami, so that the sinocyclocheilus grahami has great significance for nutrition of the sinocyclocheilus grahami, gonad maturation promotion, improvement of the fecundity and ovulation quantity and improvement of disease prevention and disease resistance, and simultaneously, the sinocyclocheilus grahami also meets the requirement of sustainable development of aquaculture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale four-whisker barbel fish feed and application thereof in artificial cultivation of the large-scale four-whisker barbel, the fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive, the Chinese herbal medicine additive has sterilization and bacteriostasis effects on various pathogenic bacteria, the fish feed is added into the large-scale four-whisker barbel fish feed, the growth and development of the large-scale four-whisker barbel fish can be promoted, the maturity of the gonad of the large-scale four-whisker barbel fish can be promoted, the reproductive capacity of the large-scale four-whisker barbel fish can be enhanced, the fecundity and the egg discharge amount can be effectively improved, the quality of an ovum can be improved to improve the fertility rate, and the fish feed is also beneficial to enhancing the immunity and the disease prevention and resistance of the large-scale four-whisker barbel fish.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed which comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of castor seed kernels, 10-20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5-15 parts of wild chrysanthemum flowers, 5-10 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 10-20 parts of motherwort and 10-25 parts of schisandra chinensis.
Castor seed kernel: the white kernel is obtained by removing the shell of the seeds of the plant castor, contains a large amount of sulfur grease, has the lubricating effect, and can reduce swelling, remove toxicity, relax bowel, prevent and delay cancers and the like.
Houttuynia cordata: pungent and slightly cold. The traditional Chinese medicine considers that the traditional Chinese medicine has pungent taste and cold and cool property, can clear away heat and toxic materials, relieve pain and swell, cure sore, promote urination and remove dampness, and strengthen stomach and promote digestion, and is used for treating lung abscess, sore and ulcer seed toxicity, hemorrhoid hematochezia, heat accumulation in spleen and stomach and the like caused by excess heat, heat toxin, dampness pathogen and disease heat. The herba Houttuyniae mainly contains volatile oil, decanoyl acetaldehyde houttuynine sodium bisulfite, etc., has antibacterial effect on various pathogenic bacilli, cocci, influenza virus, leptospira, etc., and can improve immunity regulating function of human body.
Wild chrysanthemum flower: perennial herb of Compositae contains volatile oil, terpenes, flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, glyceryl behenate, palmitic acid, polysaccharide, beta 2 carotene, etc., and has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-infective, antiviral, and immunity enhancing effects.
Leek seeds: monocotyledons, plants, liliaceae and allium, which contain leek seed alcohol, alkaloid, sterol, coumarin, cardiac glycoside and other components, and have the main effects of tonifying liver and kidney, soothing liver qi, stimulating appetite and enhancing digestion.
Motherwort: the motherwort contains various alkaloids such as leonurine, stachydrine, leonuridine, leonurine and the like, benzoic acid, potassium chloride and the like, and has the effects of promoting blood circulation to regulate menstruation, reducing swelling and promoting urination, clearing heat and detoxicating, resisting aging, improving coronary circulation, resisting platelet aggregation, exciting uterus, relaxing and expanding intestinal canals and the like.
Schisandra chinensis: the traditional Chinese medicine is dry mature fruit of magnoliavine fruit or schisandra chinensis in Magnoliaceae, has sweet acid skin and sour meat, is bitter in core, has salty taste, is named as Tai 33614v 3412727, Xuan He and Hui He, is listed in the traditional Chinese medicines of Shennong herbal channels at the earliest time, has extremely high medicinal value, has the effect of strengthening the body and can be used for treating insomnia at the same time.
The Chinese herbal medicine additive contains castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis, wherein the semen allii tuberosi has strong smell, so that the taste of the feed can be influenced to a certain extent when the semen allii tuberosi is added into the feed for the fish with the sinocyclocheilus grahami, the castor seed kernels have certain fragrance, and the skin and flesh of the schisandra chinensis are sweet, so that the taste of the feed can be improved after the castor seed kernels and the schisandra chinensis are added, and the feeding effect of the fish with the sinocyclocheilus grahami is further improved. The Chinese herbal medicines are prepared into the Chinese herbal medicine additive and added into the feed for the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling, so that the feed has stronger sterilization and bacteriostasis effects, is favorable for enhancing the immunity, the disease prevention and resistance of the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling, and is specifically represented as follows: after the sinocyclocheilus grahami is fed with the feed containing the Chinese herbal medicine additive, the survival rate of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is improved from 70% to more than 90%. Moreover, the feed can also improve the digestion and absorption capacity and growth and development of the large-scale barbel seed fish, can obviously promote gonad development and maturation, shorten the gonad maturation time, effectively improve the fecundity and the egg discharge amount, improve the quality of eggs, thereby improve the fertility rate and enhance the reproductive capacity of the large-scale barbel seed fish, and has the concrete expression that: after the sinocyclocheilus grahami is fed with the feed containing the Chinese herbal medicine additive for the female fish, the fertility rate of the female fish is improved from 71 percent to more than 81 percent. In addition, the important additive can not remain in the large-scale four-whisker barbel seed fish body, can not influence the seedling quality of the large-scale four-whisker barbel seed, and can not pollute the environment.
Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of castor seed kernel, 15 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 5 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 15 parts of motherwort and 20 parts of schisandra chinensis.
Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 15-30 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
(2) and (3) steaming the Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution for 1-3 hours, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine additive.
The Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by drying Chinese herbal medicine liquid, and Chinese herbal medicine powder is obtained by directly grinding Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, so that the problem that the feeding effect of the large-scale barbel parent fish is reduced due to overhigh cellulose content in the feed caused by using the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the feed can be effectively solved.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to the water is 1-2: 10-20.
Preferably, the feed for breeding fish also comprises a basic feed, wherein the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of spirulina powder, 1-3 parts of bile acid, 10-20 parts of pig placenta, 0.1-0.5 part of xylanase and 5-10 parts of beer yeast.
The spirulina powder is added into the basic feed, so that the protein content of the feed is richer, the feed is easy to digest and absorb by the large-scale barbel breeding fish, the immunity of the organism can be enhanced, the infection rate and death rate of the breeding fish are reduced, and meanwhile, the spirulina powder plays an important role in postpartum recovery of the large-scale barbel breeding fish. The addition of bile acid can improve the utilization ratio of fat of the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling, reduces the accumulation of redundant fat in the abdominal cavity of the fingerling, improves the condition that ovulation is influenced due to too thick abdominal fat, and is favorable for improving the reproduction rate of the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling. The pig placenta is added into the feed, so that the anti-stress capability of an organism can be improved, the immunity can be enhanced, the egg laying amount and the egg quality can be improved to a certain degree, and the protective effect on the egg laying activity can be realized to a certain extent. The xylanase is added, so that the damage of the cell wall of the plant feed to the intestinal mucosa structure of the large-scale Sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerlings can be effectively avoided, the normal barrier function of the fingerlings is ensured, the intestinal health is maintained, germs are reduced, the bacteria enter the fingerlings from the intestinal tracts, the health of the fingerlings is ensured, and the morbidity is reduced. The beer yeast is added, so that the elasticity of the intestinal tract can be increased, the damaged intestinal tract can be repaired, the absorption of the large-scale Sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerlings to nutrient substances can be improved, and the absorption and utilization of substances such as protein, sugar and the like can be promoted, so that the growth of the large-scale Sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerlings can be promoted.
The basic feed contains spirulina powder, bile acid, pig placenta, xylanase and beer yeast, and the matching of the components ensures that the fish-growing feed has high protein content and rich nutrient components, so that the fish-growing feed can further promote the organism immunity of the large-scale four-whisker barbel-growing fish, improve the quality of eggs and the spawning quality, and has a certain protective effect on spawning activities while providing balanced nutrition for the large-scale four-whisker barbel-growing fish.
Preferably, the basic feed further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of soybean meal, 20-40 parts of fish meal, 2-5 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of betaine, 0.2-0.5 part of compound vitamin and 0.5-1 part of compound mineral.
Preferably, the multivitamin is a vitamin premix for fish.
Preferably, the compound mineral is a trace element premix for fish.
Preferably, in the feed for the breeding fish, the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 1-5: 50-200.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the feed for the sinocyclocheilus grahami parent fish, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing raw materials for preparing the basic feed and the Chinese herbal medicine additive, and carrying out conditioning, plasmid drying and cooling on the mixture to obtain the feed for the parent fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the application of the sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed in the artificial cultivation of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is provided.
The feed for the sinocyclocheilus grahami intermediate fish is applied to artificial cultivation of sinocyclocheilus grahami, can promote growth and development and gonad maturation of sinocyclocheilus grahami intermediate fish, and enhances the immunity of sinocyclocheilus grahami intermediate fish, so that the reproductive capacity of sinocyclocheilus grahami intermediate fish is enhanced, and the feed has extremely important significance in aquaculture.
Detailed Description
Technical features in the technical solutions provided by the present invention are further clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive and a basal feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of castor seed kernel, 15 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 5 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 15 parts of motherwort and 20 parts of schisandra chinensis;
the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 25 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to the water is 1.5: 15;
(2) steaming the Chinese medicinal soaking solution for 2 hr, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Chinese medicinal additive;
the Dachang raw fish compound feed produced by Fujian Dachang biotechnology industry Co Ltd is used as a basic feed;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 2.5: 120;
the sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following steps: uniformly spraying the Chinese herbal medicine additive on a basic feed, then placing the basic feed in a drying oven, and drying the basic feed at 65 ℃ until the water content of the feed is 10% to obtain the feed for the seed fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami.
Example 2
The sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive and a basal feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of castor seed kernel, 10 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 10 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 10 parts of motherwort and 10 parts of schisandra chinensis;
the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the parts by weight, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 15 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to water is 1: 10;
(2) decocting the Chinese medicinal soaking solution for 3 hr, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Chinese medicinal additive;
the Dachang raw fish compound feed produced by Fujian Dachang biotechnology industry Co Ltd is used as a basic feed;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 5: 50;
the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following steps: uniformly spraying the Chinese herbal medicine additive on a basic feed, then placing the basic feed in a drying oven, and drying the basic feed at 65 ℃ until the water content of the feed is 10% to obtain the feed for the seed fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami.
Example 3
The sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive and a basal feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of castor seed kernel, 20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 15 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 8 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 20 parts of motherwort and 25 parts of schisandra chinensis;
the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 30 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to the water is 2: 20;
(2) steaming the Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution for 1 hour, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Chinese herbal medicine additive;
the compound feed of the Dachang fresh fish produced by Fujian Dachang biotechnology and technology industries ltd is used as a basic feed;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 1: 200;
the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following steps: uniformly spraying the Chinese herbal medicine additive on a basic feed, then placing the basic feed in a drying oven, and drying the basic feed at 65 ℃ until the water content of the feed is 10% to obtain the feed for the seed fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami.
Comparative example 1
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 1 in that: the raw materials of the Chinese herbal medicine additive do not contain castor seed kernels.
Comparative example 2
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 1 in that: the Chinese herbal medicine additive does not contain Chinese chive seeds.
Comparative example 3
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 1 in that: the Chinese herbal medicine additive does not contain schisandra chinensis in raw materials.
Comparative example 4
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 1 in that: the raw materials of the Chinese herbal medicine additive do not contain castor seeds and Chinese chive seeds.
Comparative example 5
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 1 in that: the raw materials of the Chinese herbal medicine additive do not contain castor seed kernel, semen allii tuberosi and fructus schizandrae.
Example 4
The sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive and a basal feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of castor seed kernel, 15 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 5 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 15 parts of motherwort and 20 parts of schisandra chinensis;
the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps: weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, uniformly mixing, and grinding and crushing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine additive;
the Dachang raw fish compound feed produced by Fujian Dachang biotechnology industry Co Ltd is used as a basic feed;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 1: 200;
the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following steps: the Chinese herbal medicine additive and the basic feed are uniformly mixed, and the feed is subjected to conditioning, granulation, drying and cooling to obtain the parent fish feed, namely the parent fish feed of the Barcheilus grahami.
Example 5
A feed for a Sinocyclocheilus grahami breeder fish comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive and a basal feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of castor seed kernel, 15 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 5 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 15 parts of motherwort and 20 parts of schisandra chinensis;
the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 30 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to the water is 2: 20;
(2) steaming the Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution for 1 hour, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Chinese herbal medicine additive;
the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of spirulina powder, 2 parts of bile acid, 15 parts of pig placenta, 0.3 part of xylanase, 8 parts of beer yeast, 20 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of betaine, 0.2 part of vitamin complex and 0.8 part of compound mineral;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 2.5: 120;
the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following steps: weighing spirulina powder, bile acid, pig placenta, xylanase, beer yeast, soybean meal powder, fish meal, fish oil, betaine, compound vitamin and compound mineral substance according to the weight parts, adding the Chinese herbal medicine additives, uniformly mixing, tempering, granulating, drying and cooling to obtain the breeding fish feed.
Example 6
The sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive and a basal feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of castor seed kernel, 10 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 10 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 10 parts of motherwort and 10 parts of schisandra chinensis;
the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 30 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to the water is 2: 20;
(2) steaming the Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution for 1 hour, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Chinese herbal medicine additive;
the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of spirulina powder, 3 parts of bile acid, 10 parts of pig placenta, 0.1 part of xylanase, 10 parts of beer yeast, 25 parts of soybean meal, 30 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of fish oil, 1.5 parts of betaine, 0.4 part of compound vitamin and 0.5 part of compound mineral;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 2.5: 120;
the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following steps: weighing spirulina powder, bile acid, pig placenta, xylanase, beer yeast, soybean meal powder, fish meal, fish oil, betaine, compound vitamin and compound mineral substance according to the weight parts, adding the Chinese herbal medicine additives, uniformly mixing, tempering, granulating, drying and cooling to obtain the breeding fish feed.
Example 7
The sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed comprises a Chinese herbal medicine additive and a basal feed, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of castor seed kernel, 20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 15 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 8 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 20 parts of motherwort and 25 parts of schisandra chinensis;
the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing castor seed kernels, houttuynia cordata, wild chrysanthemum flowers, semen allii tuberosi, motherwort and schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 30 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to the water is 2: 20;
(2) steaming the Chinese medicinal soaking solution for 1 hr, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Chinese medicinal additive;
the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of spirulina powder, 1 part of bile acid, 20 parts of pig placenta, 0.5 part of xylanase, 5 parts of beer yeast, 10 parts of soybean meal, 40 parts of fish meal, 2 parts of fish oil, 1 part of betaine, 0.5 part of vitamin complex and 1 part of compound mineral;
the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 2.5: 120;
the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following steps: weighing spirulina powder, bile acid, pig placenta, xylanase, beer yeast, soybean meal powder, fish meal, fish oil, betaine, compound vitamin and compound mineral substance according to the weight parts, adding the Chinese herbal medicine additives, uniformly mixing, tempering, granulating, drying and cooling to obtain the breeding fish feed.
Comparative example 6
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 5 in that: the basic feed contains no bile acid.
Comparative example 7
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 5 in that: the basic feed does not contain pig placenta.
Comparative example 8
This example provides a sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed, which differs from example 5 in that: the basic feed does not contain bile acid and pig placenta.
Test example
1. Experimental construction mode
The method comprises the steps of selecting and breeding a sinocyclocheilus grahami with the initial weight of 200g in a 32-port net cage, randomly dividing the sinocyclocheilus grahami into 16 groups, and randomly dividing each group into 2 ports, wherein 20 female fishes and 10 male fishes are placed in each port cage, feeding the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feeds prepared in the examples 1-7 and the comparative examples 1-8 respectively for each group, feeding the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feeds continuously for 6 months by taking a sinocyclocheilus grahami compound feed produced by the sinocyclocheilus grahami biotechnology industry limited company as a blank control group, and feeding the sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feeds for the sinocyclocheilus grahami female fishes and the male fishes which are deep in body color and soft in abdomen. At the moment, 4 tails of female fishes are caught from a cannel, the weight of the female fishes and the total survival rate of the female fishes and the male fishes of the sinocyclocheilus grahami are measured, and the weight gain rate and the survival rate are calculated, and the results are shown in table 1; meanwhile, the method comprises the steps of dissecting female large-scale barbel gracile, measuring the egg weight and the egg diameter of the female large-scale barbel gracile, calculating the gonad index, counting the egg collection amount and the fertilized egg amount, and calculating the fertilization rate, wherein the results are shown in table 2.
The formula for calculating the gonadal index is as follows: gonad index (%) ═ gonad weight (g)/fish weight (g) × 100%.
2. Results of the experiment
TABLE 1 weight gain and survival rate of female Barcheilus grahami
As can be seen from Table 1, after the feed prepared in examples 1 to 3 is fed to the sinocyclocheilus grahami, the weight gain rate can reach 330 to 350%, the survival rate can reach more than 90%, and the survival rate is significantly higher than that of a blank control group. The Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared from castor seed kernels, the houttuynia cordata, the wild chrysanthemum flowers, the semen allii tuberosi, the leonurus japonicus and the schisandra chinensis, so that the fish feed has strong sterilization and bacteriostasis effects, is favorable for enhancing the immunity, the disease prevention and disease resistance of the large-scale barbel breeding fish, further promotes the digestion, the absorption, the growth and the development of the large-scale barbel breeding fish, and improves the survival rate of the large-scale barbel breeding fish.
In addition, after the feed prepared in the embodiment 5-7 is fed to the large-scale sinocyclocheilus grahami, the weight gain rate can reach 360-375%, and the survival rate reaches 93%, which is higher than that in the embodiment 1-3. The basic feed contains the spirulina powder, the bile acid, the porcine placenta, the xylanase and the beer yeast, and can further promote the digestion and absorption and the organism immunity of the large-scale four-whisker barbecuing when providing balanced nutrition for the large-scale four-whisker barbecuing fish feed, thereby improving the weight gain rate and the survival rate.
TABLE 2 Barcheilus grahami gonadal development and fertilization
As can be seen from Table 2, after the sinocyclocheilus grahami is fed with the feeds prepared in the examples 1 to 3, the fertilization rate is as high as 81 to 84 percent and is significantly higher than that of a blank control group. The Chinese herbal medicine additive prepared from the castor seed kernel, the houttuynia cordata, the wild chrysanthemum, the semen allii tuberosi, the motherwort and the schisandra chinensis is added, so that the fish feed can promote the gonad development, improve the fecundity, improve the quality of ova and further improve the fertilization rate.
In addition, after the large-scale sinocyclocheilus grahami is fed with the feed prepared in the embodiment 5-7, the fertility rate of the large-scale sinocyclocheilus grahami is up to 88-90%, which is higher than that of the embodiment 1-3. This demonstrates that in the four must bull barbel kind fish fodder, the basal feed contains spirulina powder, bile acid, pig placenta, xylanase, beer yeast, when providing balanced nutrition for four must bull barbel, can improve the quality of ovum to a certain extent, has certain guard action to the activity of laying eggs, and then improves the fertility rate of four must bull barbel kind fish.
The feed for the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling provided by the invention can also obviously promote gonad development and maturation, shorten gonad maturation time, effectively improve the fecundity and egg discharging amount, and improve the quality of ova, thereby enhancing the fertility rate and reproductive capacity of the sinocyclocheilus grahami fingerling.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The sinocyclocheilus grahami breeding fish feed is characterized by comprising a Chinese herbal medicine additive, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of castor seed kernels, 10-20 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5-15 parts of wild chrysanthemum flowers, 5-10 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 10-20 parts of motherwort and 10-25 parts of schisandra chinensis.
2. The feed of Sinocyclocheilus grahami according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of castor seed kernel, 15 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 5 parts of semen allii tuberosi, 15 parts of motherwort and 20 parts of schisandra chinensis.
3. The feed of the sinocyclocheilus grahami parent fish according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing the castor seed kernel, the houttuynia cordata, the wild chrysanthemum flower, the semen allii tuberosi, the motherwort herb and the schisandra chinensis according to the weight parts, mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, and soaking in water for 15-30 hours to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution;
(2) and (3) cooking the Chinese herbal medicine soaking solution for 1-3 hours, cooling, separating to obtain filtrate, and concentrating to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine additive.
4. The feed for a sinocyclocheilus grahami parent fish according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (1), the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture to the water is 1-2: 10-20.
5. The feed for a sinocyclocheilus grahami parent fish according to claim 1, wherein: the parent fish feed also comprises a basic feed, wherein the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of spirulina powder, 1-3 parts of bile acid, 10-20 parts of pig placenta, 0.1-0.5 part of xylanase and 5-10 parts of beer yeast.
6. The feed of the Sinocyclocheilus grahami parent fish according to claim 5, wherein the basal feed further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of soybean meal, 20-40 parts of fish meal, 2-5 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of betaine, 0.2-0.5 part of compound vitamin and 0.5-1 part of compound mineral.
7. The feed for a sinocyclocheilus grahami parent fish according to claim 6, wherein: the compound vitamin is a vitamin premix for fish, and the compound mineral is a microelement premix for fish.
8. The feed for a sinocyclocheilus grahami parent fish according to claim 5, wherein: the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine additive to the basic feed is 1-5: 50-200.
9. The method for preparing the feed for the parent fish of sinocyclocheilus grahami according to any one of claims 5 to 8, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials for preparing the basic feed and the Chinese herbal medicine additive, and carrying out conditioning, granulating, drying and cooling on the mixture to obtain the feed for the parent fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami.
10. Use of the sinocyclocheilus grahami seed fish feed according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in sinocyclocheilus grahami artificial cultivation.
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20220513 |