CN114467407B - Method for economically and rapidly breaking dormancy of acacia confusa seeds and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds - Google Patents
Method for economically and rapidly breaking dormancy of acacia confusa seeds and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN114467407B CN114467407B CN202210002660.8A CN202210002660A CN114467407B CN 114467407 B CN114467407 B CN 114467407B CN 202210002660 A CN202210002660 A CN 202210002660A CN 114467407 B CN114467407 B CN 114467407B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for economically and rapidly breaking dormancy of acacia confusa seeds and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds, which comprises the following steps: 1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use; 2) Soaking seeds in a chitosan solution at 80-95 ℃; 3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds; 4) Germination: placing the seed bed with the seeds put in step 3) in an incubator. By adopting the method, the dormancy of the acacia confusa seeds can be quickly and efficiently broken, the germination rate of the acacia confusa seeds in 7 days can reach 84%, the acacia confusa seeds germinate in order, and the time for raising the acacia confusa seedlings is greatly saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seed germination, in particular to a method for economically and rapidly breaking dormancy of acacia confusa seeds and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds.
Background
Acacia major is a mimosa subfamily (Mimosaceae) Acacia genus (Acacia), which is a arbor or shrub that widely grows in tropical or subtropical areas. China starts large-scale introduction from the 60 th century of 20. Acacia marjoram is important for improving soil fertility, water and soil conservation and vegetation restoration (Murong et al, 2001; dou Yajing et al, 2013).
The dormancy of the acacia senegal seeds is serious, and great inconvenience is brought to the artificial planting of the acacia senegal. In agriculture, physical dormancy tends to result in low plant emergence rates and poor emergence uniformity, which is unfavorable for seed germination and seedling establishment (Hu Xiaowen, 2008).
The study of et al (2004) found that the germination rate reached 99% after manual laceration treatment of Acacia schaffneri, whereas the untreated was only 5%. Although the method has obvious effect on Acacia schaffneri seeds, the seed coats of the acacia martensii seeds are hard and thick, and the manual one-by-one laceration is inconvenient to operate, time-consuming and labor-consuming and cannot be applied to production practice.
The wet heat treatment can stimulate the water absorption sites of the acacia senegal seeds, so that the seeds can absorb water smoothly to germinate. At present, the wet heat treatment is applied to the leguminous seeds in a relatively large amount, but the researches on the acacia martensii are freshly reported, and the known research results show that the germination effect is not ideal enough and the production requirement is difficult to meet. For example, the results of the research in the test of germination percentage of Abrus macrophylla seeds (Li Yongfu, 1980) show that: the seed germination test is carried out by adopting a sand wiping seed method and a seed soaking method with different water temperatures, so that the seeds are promoted to sprout in advance and the germination rate of the seeds is improved. Although the germination rate can be increased to about 80%, the germination time is still long.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an economic and rapid method for breaking the dormancy of acacia confusa seeds and promoting the germination of the acacia confusa seeds.
The scheme of the invention comprises the following contents:
a method for economically and rapidly breaking dormancy of acacia confusa seeds and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds comprises the following steps:
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use;
2) Soaking seeds in a chitosan solution at 80-95 ℃; the chitosan oligosaccharide can promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms and induce the disease resistance of plants, thereby promoting the germination of seeds. The water absorption sites of the acacia senegal seeds can be stimulated by combining the use of damp-heat conditions, so that the seeds can absorb water smoothly, thereby improving germination index and shortening germination time.
3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds;
4) Germination: placing the seed bed with the seeds put in step 3) in an incubator.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the chitosan solution is 0.05%.
Preferably, the step 2) is to soak the seeds in a chitosan solution at 80 ℃ for 1 to 30 minutes.
Preferably, step 2) is immersing the seeds in a chitosan solution at 80 ℃ for 20min.
Preferably, the incubator is a constant temperature incubator, and the temperature of the constant temperature incubator is 25 ℃.
Preferably, the incubator is a temperature-changing incubator, and the temperature of the temperature-changing incubator is set to be 12 hours 30 ℃ and 12 hours 20 ℃ per day. The temperature change treatment is carried out in the germination process, the acacia senegal can be germinated neatly, and the germination index is higher.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the acacia senegal seeds are placed in the chitosan solution with the temperature of 80-95 ℃ for damp-heat treatment, dormancy of the acacia senegal seeds can be broken rapidly and efficiently, the germination rate of the acacia senegal seeds in 7 days can reach 84%, the acacia senegal seeds germinate neatly, and the time for raising the acacia senegal seedlings is greatly saved. Through the experiment of plugging the water absorption site, the acacia martensii seeds are proved to belong to physical dormancy, and the hardness and the impermeability of the seed coats are the main reasons for dormancy of the seeds.
Drawings
Fig. 1: plugging the influence of different water absorption sites on the germination rate of acacia macrophyllum for breaking dormancy (with the best breaking effect) by using Vaseline; i: seeds were not treated with petrolatum (control group); II: sealing with vaseline (seed umbilicus, seed hole region); III: sealing with vaseline (hygroscopic valve area); IV: sealing with vaseline (seed ridge area); v: the surface of the seed coat is completely sealed by Vaseline.
Detailed Description
For a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention, the inventors have described with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings, but the following examples describe only some, but not all, of the examples of the present invention.
Test example 1:
the test method comprises the following steps:
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: and removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use.
2) The seeds were subjected to the following treatments, respectively: treating with warm water for 12h; cold water treatment at 4 ℃ for 12 hours; polishing by sand paper; soaking in 80% concentrated sulfuric acid for 20min; adding 0.05% chitosan oligosaccharide into normal-temperature water for treatment for 12h; treating in water bath (80deg.C, 95deg.C 0.05% chitosan solution) for 1min, 10min, and 30min; the cold and hot circulation is carried out for 1, 10, 20, 30 and 40 times (95 ℃ C., 10s water bath, and 2min into ice water is carried out as one circulation)
3) Uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds. The seed bed is a culture dish paved with double layers of filter paper.
4) Germination: and 3) placing the seed bed placed in the step 3) in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ to germinate the seeds. The seedbed was kept wet daily. Counting the number of germinated seeds every day until the germination is finished, and calculating the germination rate and germination index. The results are shown in Table 1.
The results show that: at normal temperature, distilled water is used for seed germination, and the germination rate of the acacia senegal seeds is only 6% within 7 days. The cold and hot circulation treatment method can achieve 72% of germination rate and 16% of germination index, but the operation is complicated. The germination index of the concentrated sulfuric acid treatment method is 72%, and the germination index is 26, but the concentrated sulfuric acid is high in corrosiveness, so that the operation risk is high. The germination rate and the germination index of normal-temperature water treatment, sand paper treatment and cold water treatment added with 0.05% of chitosan oligosaccharide are low. The germination rate of seeds reaches 84% in 7 days by wet heat treatment (0.05% chitosan solution at 80 ℃ for 10 min), the germination index reaches 18, the germination rate and the germination index are both higher, and the operation is simple and safe.
TABLE 1 influence of different treatments on germination Rate and germination index of acacia macrophylla
Note that different lowercase letters indicate that the germination rates of the different treatments differ significantly (P < 0.05)
Test example 2:
the seeds after breaking dormancy by the wet heat treatment (80 ℃ C., 10 min) of test example 1 were subjected to the following treatments, respectively:
treatment 1: placing the seed bed with the placed seeds in a 25 ℃ incubator for germination;
treatment 2: the seed bed with the well-placed seeds is placed in a temperature-changing incubator for germination, wherein the temperature-changing incubator is set to be at 30 ℃ for 12 hours and 20 ℃ for 12 hours.
The results show that: the germination rate of treatment 2 reached 88% and the germination index reached 25.
Test example 3:
the seeds after breaking dormancy by the wet heat treatment (80 ℃ C., 10 min) of test example 1 were subjected to the following treatments, respectively: seeds were not treated with petrolatum (control group); sealing with vaseline (seed umbilicus, seed hole region); sealing with vaseline (hygroscopic valve area); sealing with vaseline (seed ridge area); the surface of the seed coat is completely sealed by Vaseline. Then, a 16d germination test was performed according to the method of test example 1, and the germination rate was counted. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
The results show that: the acacia hancei seeds belong to physical dormancy, and the hardness and the impermeability of the seed coats are the main reasons for dormancy of the seeds.
Example 1A method of disrupting dormancy and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: and removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use.
2) Soaking the seeds in chitosan solution with mass concentration of 0.05% at 80deg.C for 1min.
3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds. The seed bed is a culture dish paved with double layers of filter paper.
4) Germination: and 3) placing the seed bed placed in the step 3) in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ to germinate the seeds. Distilled water is added into the seed bed in proper amount every day to keep moist.
Example 2A method of disrupting dormancy and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: and removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use.
2) Soaking the seeds in chitosan solution with mass concentration of 0.05% at 80deg.C for 10min.
3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds. The seed bed is a culture dish paved with double layers of filter paper.
4) Germination: and 3) placing the seed bed placed in the step 3) in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ to germinate the seeds. Distilled water is added into the seed bed in proper amount every day to keep moist.
Example 3A method of disrupting dormancy and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: and removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use.
2) Soaking the seeds in chitosan solution with mass concentration of 0.05% at 80deg.C for 30min.
3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds. The seed bed is a culture dish paved with double layers of filter paper.
4) Germination: and 3) placing the seed bed placed in the step 3) in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ to germinate the seeds. Distilled water is added into the seed bed in proper amount every day to keep moist.
Example 4A method of disrupting dormancy and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: and removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use.
2) Soaking the seeds in chitosan solution with mass concentration of 0.05% at 95deg.C for 1min.
3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds. The seed bed is a culture dish paved with double layers of filter paper.
4) Germination: and 3) placing the seed bed placed in the step 3) in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ to germinate the seeds. Distilled water is added into the seed bed in proper amount every day to keep moist.
Example 5A method of disrupting dormancy and promoting germination of acacia confusa seeds
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: and removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use.
2) Soaking the seeds in chitosan solution with mass concentration of 0.05% at 80deg.C for 10min.
3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds. The seed bed is a culture dish paved with double layers of filter paper.
4) Germination: and (3) placing the seed bed placed in the step (3) in a variable temperature incubator to germinate the seeds. The temperature-changing incubator is set to be at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 12 hours and 20 ℃ for 12 hours each day; distilled water is added into the seed bed in proper amount every day to keep moist.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for economically and rapidly breaking the dormancy of acacia confusa seeds and promoting the germination thereof, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Collecting and cleaning seeds: removing impurities from the collected acacia senegal seeds for later use;
2) Soaking seeds in a chitosan solution at 80-95 ℃;
3) Seed treatment: uniformly placing the acacia senegal seeds treated in the step 2) on a seed bed and shading the seeds;
4) Germination: placing the seed bed with the seeds put in step 3) in an incubator.
2. The method for economically and rapidly breaking the dormancy and promoting the germination of acacia confusa seeds according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the chitosan solution is 0.05%.
3. The method for economically and rapidly breaking the dormancy and promoting the germination of acacia confusa seeds according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) is to soak the seeds in a chitosan solution at 80 ℃ for 1 to 30min.
4. The method for economically and rapidly breaking the dormancy and promoting the germination of acacia confusa seeds according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) is to soak the seeds in a chitosan solution at 80 ℃ for 20min.
5. The method for economically and rapidly breaking the dormancy and promoting the germination of acacia confusa seeds according to claim 1, wherein said incubator is a constant temperature incubator having a temperature of 25 ℃.
6. The method for economically and rapidly breaking the dormancy and promoting the germination of acacia confusa seeds according to claim 1, wherein the incubator is a temperature-changing incubator, and the temperature of the temperature-changing incubator is set to be 12 hours 30 ℃ and 12 hours 20 ℃ per day.
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