CN114424400A - 具有防火安全性的汇流条 - Google Patents

具有防火安全性的汇流条 Download PDF

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CN114424400A
CN114424400A CN202180005433.4A CN202180005433A CN114424400A CN 114424400 A CN114424400 A CN 114424400A CN 202180005433 A CN202180005433 A CN 202180005433A CN 114424400 A CN114424400 A CN 114424400A
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metal
bus bar
metal strip
binding member
bar according
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黄圣泽
李沅泰
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LG Energy Solution Ltd
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Abstract

根据本发明的汇流条包括:金属条,该金属条由导电金属材料制成;绑扎构件,该绑扎构件除了所述金属条的两端之外包围整个所述金属条的外周;和绝缘管,该绝缘管一起包围所述金属条和绑扎构件,其中,所述绑扎构件可以由金属丝制成,所述金属丝的表面涂覆有具有绝缘性和耐火性的材料。

Description

具有防火安全性的汇流条
技术领域
本公开涉及一种汇流条,更特别地,本公开涉及一种用于向电池模块/电池组传导大电流并且具有优异防火安全性的涂层结构的汇流条。
本申请要求2020年5月15日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请10-2020-0058253号的优先权,其公开内容通过引用并入本文。
背景技术
当前商业化的二次电池包括镍镉电池、镍氢电池、镍锌电池、锂二次电池等。其中,与镍类二次电池相比,锂二次电池由于诸如因大致没有记忆效应而引起的自由充电和放电、非常低的自放电率和高能量密度的优点而更加突出。
近来,二次电池不仅被广泛地用于诸如便携式电子装置这样的小型装置中,而且还用于诸如电动车辆和能量存储装置(ESS)这样的中型或大型装置中。例如,当在电动车辆中使用时,为了增加能量容量和输出,大量的二次电池被电连接以形成电池模块,并且多个电池模块被连接以形成电池组。
同时,汇流条被广泛地用作用于电池模块的电连接装置,并且汇流条能够用作传导大电流的装置,因为即使与线缆相比汇流条具有相对小的厚度,汇流条也可以使大电流稳定地流动。
汇流条可以被设置成具有良好导电性的金属条的形式,诸如铜条或铝条,并且为了安全性,除了金属条的、连接到端子的两端之外,所述金属条被管或挤出材料覆盖。
所述汇流条可以被分类成刚性汇流条和柔性汇流条。特别地,如图1中所示,柔性汇流条1可以通过弯曲或者扭曲必要的部分而被制成期望的形状,所以当连接具有不同振动轴线的电池模块或者被放置在复杂的路径上时,可以有利地使用柔性汇流条1。
同时,柔性汇流条1由于柔性而容易变形,但是当在电池组的内部发生火灾时,例如,如图2中所示,绝缘管2可能由于火灾而受到破坏并且下垂,使得金属条3的中央部分可能接触周围的金属物体4,从而引起短路。
因此,即便绝缘管由于来自汇流条的火灾而被破坏,也需要一种防止金属条直接接触周围的金属物体的方法。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开被设计为解决相关技术的问题,因此本公开旨在提供一种汇流条,该汇流条被构造成不引起短路,因为即便所述汇流条的外部护套被火灾破坏,金属条也不直接地接触周围的金属物体。
本公开的其它的目的和优点将在下文描述,并且将通过本公开的实施例而得到理解。另外,本公开的目的和优点能够通过在权利要求中限定的构件及其组合来实现。
技术方案
在本公开的一个方面,提供一种汇流条,该汇流条包括:金属条,该金属条由导电金属材料制成;绑扎构件,该绑扎构件被构造成除了所述金属条的两端之外地包围所述金属条;和绝缘管,该绝缘管被构造成一起包围所述金属条和绑扎构件。
所述绑扎构件可以被设置成表面涂覆有涂层材料的金属丝的形式,该涂层材料具有绝缘性和耐火性。
所述涂层材料可以是选自云母、二氧化硅和陶瓷中的任一种材料。
所述金属丝可以是环形金属带的形式,并且被设置成多个。
所述多个环形金属带可以沿着所述金属条的纵向方向以规则间隔布置。
所述环形金属带可以在包围所述金属条的外周的状态下被压缩地固定到所述金属条。
耐火带可以被进一步附接到由所述绑扎构件包围的所述金属条的表面,该耐火带由耐火材料制成。
所述金属丝可以沿着所述金属条的纵向方向以螺旋结构缠绕在所述金属条的外周上。
所述绝缘管可以由透明硅材料制成。
所述金属条可以通过堆叠厚度为0.1mm到0.3mm的金属板来形成,以具有柔性。
在本公开的另一个方面,还提供一种电池组,该电池组包括上述汇流条。
有利效果
由于所述金属条被构造成即便所述汇流条的外部护套被火灾破坏、所述金属条也不直接接触周围的金属物体,因此根据本公开的汇流条可以防止发生短路。
换言之,在根据本公开所述的汇流条中,因为位于所述外部护套的内部的金属条被涂覆有耐火材料的金属丝包围,所以即便当电池组的内部发生火灾时、所述外部护套被火灾破坏,所述金属丝也得以保留。因此,即便所述金属条下垂,所述金属条的表面也不直接接触周围的金属物体,由此防止短路。
本公开的效果不限于上文,并且本领域技术人员可以从本说明书和附图中清楚地理解本文中未提及的效果。
附图说明
图1是示出传统的柔性汇流条的示意性立体图。
图2是如下示例的参考视图:图1的柔性汇流条的绝缘管被火灾破坏,使得所述汇流条直接接触周围的金属物体,从而引起短路。
图3是示出根据本公开第一实施例所述的汇流条的立体图。
图4是示出沿着图3的线I-I’截取的汇流条的截面视图。
图5是用于示出制造根据本公开第一实施例所述的汇流条的过程的图。
图6是示出图5(b)的汇流条的侧视图。
图7是与图1相比较的视图,并且示例性地示出在根据本公开第一实施例所述的汇流条的绝缘管完全被火灾破坏之后、所述汇流条和周围的金属物体之间的接触状态。
图8是示出根据本公开第二实施例所述的汇流条的视图。
图9是示出根据本公开第三实施例所述的汇流条的视图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参考附图详细描述本公开的优选实施例。在描述之前,应该理解,在说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语不应被解释为限于一般的和词典的含义,而是基于允许发明人为了最佳解释而适当定义术语的原则,基于与本公开的技术方面相对应的含义和概念来解释。因此,本文提出的描述仅是出于示意目的的优选示例,而非旨在限制本公开的范围,因此应当理解,在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下,能够对其做出其它等同和修改。
提供本文中所公开的实施例是为了更完美地解释本公开,因此为了更好的理解,在附图中可能夸大、省略或简化了部件的形状、尺寸等。因此,附图中的部件的尺寸和比率并不完全反映实际的尺寸和比率。
图3是示出根据本公开第一实施例所述的汇流条100的立体图,图4是示出沿着图3的线I-I’截取的汇流条100的截面视图。
参考图3和4,根据本公开实施例所述的汇流条100包括:金属条10,该金属条10由导电金属材料制成;绝缘管20,该绝缘管20被构造成覆盖所述金属条10,从而使得所述金属条10除了两端之外不暴露于外部;和绑扎构件30A,该绑扎构件30A被构造成在所述绝缘管20的内部包围所述金属条10的外周。
所述金属条10的厚度和宽度可以根据所传导的电流的大小来确定,并且所述金属条10的长度也可以根据安设位置或安设条件而被不同地选择。所述金属条10可以通过堆叠若干个薄金属板来形成。例如,所述金属条10可以通过堆叠约0.1mm到0.3mm的铜板并且整体焊接所述铜板的两端而被制备成可以扭曲或弯曲的柔性结构。
所述金属条10的两端中的一端可以被连接到任一个电池模块的正极(+)端子,并且所述金属条10的两端中的另一端可以被连接到另一个电池模块的负极(-)端子。例如,所述电池模块的端子可以被构造成螺栓形式,其被插入到形成在所述金属条10的两端处的孔H中,然后用螺母紧固,以牢固地固定连接部。
所述绝缘管20是金属条10的外部护套,并且可以由具有弹性的硅树脂、橡胶或聚合物材料制成,并且可以被设置在所述金属条10上,以将所述金属条10和绑扎构件30A一起覆盖。
该实施例的绝缘管20可以由透明硅树脂制成。由透明硅树脂制成的绝缘管20具有这样的优点:能够在任何时间检查该绝缘管20中的金属条10和绑扎构件30A的结合状态。
参考图4,所述绑扎构件30A是在所述绝缘管20的内部包围所述金属条10的外周的部件,并且可以由其表面涂覆有具有电绝缘性和耐火性的涂层材料31的金属丝制成。
即便所述绝缘管20由于火灾而熔化并且完全消失,但因为所述绑扎构件30A由金属丝制成,所以所述绑扎构件30A仍被保持为包围所述金属条10的形式。因此,即便所述绝缘管20被火灾破坏、从而使得所述金属条10的中间部分暴露,也照原样维持所述绑扎构件30A依旧包围并支撑所述金属条10的结构。因此,即便所述金属条10朝向周围的金属结构4下垂,也能够防止所述金属条10的表面直接地接触周围的金属结构4。此时,即使所述绑扎构件30A与周围的金属结构4形成接触,但因为所述绑扎构件30A涂覆有具有电绝缘性和耐火性的材料,所以电流也不会由此流过,从而不会发生短路。
作为具有绝缘性和耐火性的涂层材料31,可以采用选自云母、二氧化硅和陶瓷中的至少一种。这里,不一定必需使用云母、二氧化硅和陶瓷中的任一种材料作为金属丝的涂层材料31。即,除了在该说明书中例示的涂层材料31,电绝缘性、耐火性和耐热性优异的任何材料均可以被用于涂覆所述金属丝。
具体地,参见根据该实施例所述的绑扎构件30A,所述绑扎构件30A中所包括的金属丝可以以环形金属带的形式被设置成多个。
如在图5(a)中所示,所述环形金属带被设置成多个,并且多个环形金属带可以沿着所述金属条10的纵向方向以规则间隔布置。如果所述环形金属带如上所述地沿着所述金属条10的纵向方向以规则间隔布置,则可以通过弯曲所述金属条10而容易使所述金属条10的形状变形。例如,在柔性汇流条100中,如果所述绑扎构件30A被构造成像绝缘管20一样的长管的形式,则所述金属条10的大部分区域被所述绑扎构件30A保持,因此可能非常难以弯曲或扭曲所述金属条10。
然而,根据使用沿着所述金属条10的纵向方向以规则间隔布置的多个金属带来制造所述绑扎构件30A的该实施例的构造,所述金属条10的、未由所述金属带包围的区域可以根据需要被弯曲或扭曲。
将简要地描述制造该实施例所述的汇流条100的过程。如图5(a)中所示,所述环形金属带以配合方式一个接一个地被安装到所述金属条10。可替代地,能够使用如下方法:将直金属带缠绕在所述金属条10的外周上,并且焊接所述金属带的两端,以形成环形形状,由此将所述金属带固定到所述金属条10。
如果所述环形金属带以此方式被安装到所述金属条10,使得所述环形金属带包围所述金属条10的外周,则使用压铆工具将所述环形金属带挤压地固定到所述金属条10,由此加强所述金属带和金属条10之间的结合力。
接下来,如图5(b)中所示,所述绝缘管20被覆盖在所述金属条10和绑扎构件30A的外侧上,以除了所述金属条10的两端之外来遮蔽所述金属条10和绑扎构件30A,由此确保所述汇流条100的电气安全性。
在根据本公开实施例所述的汇流条100中,如图6中所示,所述金属丝被置入所述绝缘管20的内部,因此涂覆部分的厚度可以大于传统汇流条100的涂覆部分的厚度。
例如,如上所述的根据该实施例的汇流条100可以以如下样式来串联连接多个电池模块:所述汇流条100的一端被牢固地连接到任一个电池模块的正极(+)端子,并且所述汇流条100的另一端被牢固地连接到另一个电池模块的负极(-)端子。
特别地,如果使用所述汇流条100,则当在包含多个电池模块的电池组的内部发生火灾时,即使所述绝缘管20被火灾完全熔化并且破坏,并且所述汇流条100下垂,所述金属条10也不与周围的金属物体形成直接接触。
例如,如图7中所示,即便所述汇流条100的绝缘管20被火灾破坏,所述绑扎构件30A也不被破坏,而是保持被结合到所述金属条10。此时,因为所述绑扎构件30A支撑所述金属条10而使得所述金属条10不接触周围的金属结构4,所以能够防止短路。
图8是示出根据本公开第二实施例所述的汇流条200的视图,并且图9是示出根据本公开第三实施例所述的汇流条300的视图。
接下来,将参考图8和图9描述本公开的其它实施例。
与先前附图中相同的附图标记表示相同的构件,并且将不再详细地描述,而将主要描述不同于先前实施例的特征。
根据本公开第二实施例所述的汇流条200与第一实施例的不同之处在于,所述绑扎构件30的金属丝具有螺旋结构或卷簧结构,其它特征相同。
具体地,如图8(a)中所示,在第二实施例的汇流条200中,形成绑扎构件30B的、具有螺旋结构的金属丝可以被设置成沿着所述金属条10的纵向方向包围所述金属条10的外周。另外,如图8(b)中所示,通过在所述金属条10和所述绑扎构件30B的外侧上覆盖绝缘管20、以除了所述金属条10的两端之外来遮蔽所述金属条10,可以确保所述汇流条200的电气安全性。
特别地,在被插入所述金属条10之前中,所述螺旋结构可以具有小于所述金属条10的宽度(D)的直径。通过将所述金属条10插入具有小于金属条10的宽度的初始直径的所述螺旋结构中,所述金属条10可以被所述绑扎构件30B压缩。在此情形中,能够充分地确保所述金属条10和绑扎构件30B之间的结合力,而无需另外的过程。即,所述绑扎构件30B可以被牢固地结合到所述金属条10,而不用执行另外的过程,诸如结合、焊接和压缩。
将简要地描述制造由具有陶瓷涂覆的螺旋结构的金属丝制成的绑扎构件30B的过程。
首先,制备由纯金属制成的螺旋结构(或弹簧结构)的金属丝。然后,通过整平操作,具有螺旋结构(或弹簧结构)的金属丝被变形为直线。此后,陶瓷被熔化并且注射,以涂覆所述金属丝的表面。作为可替代的涂覆方法,可以在上釉之后使用热处理,或者还可以使用化学气相沉积(CVD)、物理气相沉积(PVD)等。然后,被陶瓷涂覆的金属丝被加热,以转换成螺旋结构(或弹簧结构)的金属丝类型,由此提供根据第二实施例的绑扎构件30B。
当与先前实施例进行比较时,根据本公开第三实施例所述的汇流条300可以被视为进一步包括耐火带40。
具体地,参考图9,在根据第三实施例所述的汇流条300中,所述耐火带40被附接到所述金属条10的表面,并且所述金属条10和耐火带40由所述绑扎构件30A一体地包裹。而且,所述绝缘管20被覆盖在所述绑扎构件30A的外侧上。
所述耐火带40是具有至少600℃或更高的耐火性和电绝缘性以不被火灾破坏的带,并且所述耐火带40是负责保护所述金属条10的部件,使得即便所述绝缘管20被火灾破坏,所述金属条10也不被暴露。
例如,作为所述耐火带40,可以使用具有优异耐火性和耐热性的云母带。这里,除了云母带,还可以使用具有优异的电绝缘性、耐火性和耐热性的任何带。
在所述金属条10被所述绝缘管20覆盖之前,所述耐火带40被附接到所述金属条10。此时,为了容易进行附接,更优选的是使用在一个表面上具有粘结性物质的耐火带40。然而,因为所述耐火带40可以通过使用第一实施例的绑扎构件30A或者第二实施例的绑扎构件30B被固定到所述金属条10,所以所述耐火带40也可以在其一个表面上不具有粘结性物质。
与先前实施例相比较,就电绝缘性而言,第三实施例的汇流条300可以被视为更安全的汇流条300。即,陶瓷涂层由于其强涂覆力而不容易剥离,但是当经受强冲击时,陶瓷涂层可能断裂。在此情形中,在第一实施例的汇流条100或者第二实施例的汇流条200的情形中,因为所述金属丝包围金属条10,所以当火灾发生时,即便所述金属条10不直接地接触周围的金属结构4,电流也可能在金属丝中流动,这可能引起短路。然而,在第三实施例的汇流条300中,即便陶瓷涂层断裂,仍可以由耐火带40确保电绝缘性,相应地,在以上情况下,不会发生短路。
根据具有如上所述的构造和操作的根据本公开的汇流条,即便外部护套被火灾破坏,也能够防止所述金属条10直接地接触周围的金属结构4,相应地,可以不引起短路。因此,能够防止火灾事故蔓延成二次火灾。
同时,根据本公开的电池组可以被构造成包括至少一个上述汇流条100。除了所述汇流条100,所述电池组可以进一步包括由所述汇流条100电连接的电池模块以及用于控制所述电池模块的充电和放电的各种装置,诸如BMS、电流传感器、保险丝等。
所述电池组可以被应用于诸如电动车辆或混合动力电动车辆的车辆。而且,所述电池组可以被应用于能量存储系统或其它IT产品。
已经详细描述了本公开。然而,应该理解,详细描述和具体示例虽然指示了本公开的优选实施例,但是仅以示意的方式给出,因为从该详细描述,对于本领域技术人员而言,在本公开的范围内的各种改变和修改将变得显而易见。
同时,即使在说明书中使用了诸如“上”、“下”、“左”和“右”的表达方向的术语,但这些术语只是为了便于描述,并且对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是,这些术语能够取决于观察者或主题的位置而被不同地表达。

Claims (10)

1.一种汇流条,包括:
金属条,所述金属条由导电金属材料制成;
绑扎构件,所述绑扎构件被构造成除了所述金属条的两端之外包围所述金属条;和
绝缘管,所述绝缘管被构造成一起包围所述金属条和所述绑扎构件,
其中,所述绑扎构件由表面涂覆有涂层材料的金属丝制成,所述涂层材料具有绝缘性和耐火性。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汇流条,其中,所述涂层材料是选自云母、二氧化硅和陶瓷中的任一种材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的汇流条,其中,所述金属丝为环形金属带的形式,并且被设置成多个。
4.根据权利要求3所述的汇流条,其中,所述多个环形金属带沿着所述金属条的纵向方向以规则间隔布置。
5.根据权利要求3所述的汇流条,其中,所述环形金属带在包围所述金属条的外周的状态下被压缩地固定到所述金属条。
6.根据权利要求1所述的汇流条,其中,耐火带被进一步附接到由所述绑扎构件包围的所述金属条的表面,所述耐火带由耐火材料制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的汇流条,其中,所述金属丝沿着所述金属条的纵向方向以螺旋结构缠绕在所述金属条的外周上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的汇流条,其中,所述绝缘管由透明硅材料制成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的汇流条,其中,所述金属条通过堆叠多个厚度为0.1mm到0.3mm的金属板来形成,以具有柔性。
10.一种电池组,包括根据权利要求1到9中任一项所述的汇流条。
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