Linseed whole meal rich in secoisolariciresinol and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flax seedling whole meal rich in secoisolariciresinol SECO and a production method thereof, belonging to the technical field of food processing.
Background
The germination is an important means for improving the nutritive value and functional property of plant seeds in a harmless and low-cost manner. After the grains absorb water and germinate, a plurality of physiological metabolism changes occur, and simultaneously complicated biochemical metabolism is accompanied, so that the nutritional ingredients of the grains are improved, the original harmful substances or anti-nutritional substances are reduced or eliminated, and functional active ingredients are enriched. After the flax seeds are germinated, the cyanide content is reduced, the contents of amino acid, vitamin C, mineral substances, lignan, flavone and other polyphenols are increased, and the physiological effect is enhanced. The main existing form of lignan in flax seeds is Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside (SDG), the lignan also needs to be converted into an intermediate product Secoisolariciresinol (SECO) by intestinal bacteria to be absorbed and utilized by human bodies, and the SDG can be partially and directly converted into an aglycone form-SECO in the process of sprouting.
At present, researches on flax lignans at home and abroad mostly focus on extraction and purification processes, generally, cakes obtained after flax oil extraction or husked shell-rich portions are taken as raw materials, lignans are obtained through enzymolysis or acid-base hydrolysis, and the extraction process is complex, so that the cost of the lignans is high. The method for enriching the lignans by utilizing the characteristics of the growth and development of the plants is simple and easy, greatly reduces the production cost, is safe and reliable, and is convenient to eat. Currently, flax sprouts have been incorporated by the Ministry of agriculture into the green food sprouts category of vegetables, but the related studies have been relatively late. The patent (publication No. CN 110199613A, published 2019, 9 and 6) discloses a method for cultivating high-calcium nutritional flax sprouts and a special seed soaking method thereof, the patent (publication No. CN 110199614A, published 2019, 9 and 6) discloses a method for cultivating selenium-rich nutritional flax sprouts, the patent (publication No. CN 110352657A, published 2019, 10 and 22), discloses a method for cultivating zinc-rich nutritional flax sprouts, belongs to the agricultural field, only aims at specific minerals, and is not mentioned with SECO; the patent (publication No. CN 110463523A, published 2019, 11 and 19) discloses a cultivation method for improving lignan accumulation of flax sprouts, which belongs to the technical field of flax sprout vegetable cultivation, only flax sprouts with high SDG content are cultivated, and the flax sprouts are not directionally converted into SECO; the patent (publication No. CN 104544350A, published 2015 4-29) discloses a production method of flax seed bud powder, relating to the technical field of flax processing, wherein flax seed buds are obtained by removing dormancy, flax seed bud powder is obtained by enzyme deactivation and drying, and SECO is enriched by utilizing the characteristics of the growth and development of plants without adopting a certain means.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide SECO-rich whole flax seedling powder and a production method thereof. The product is rich in beneficial components such as amino acids, vitamins, minerals, SECO and the like, and the whole seedling is crushed and rich in dietary fiber, so that the health-care function of the whole flax seedling powder is greatly improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps of immersing flax seeds in hydrogen-rich water at a certain temperature, spraying and germinating by using a mixed aqueous solution of NaCl and gamma-polyglutamic acid to enrich SECO in the flax seedlings, carrying out vacuum freeze drying and supersonic airflow crushing, sterilizing and packaging to obtain the flax seed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) spray germination
A. Selecting raw materials: selecting brown flax or golden flax with full grains, no plant diseases and insect pests and a germination rate of more than 95 percent as a raw material;
B. disinfecting and soaking: washing with deionized water, soaking and disinfecting in 0.5-0.8% (v/v) NaClO water solution for 10-15 min, and then washing with deionized water until the pH is neutral; introducing H into distilled water by using pure water hydrogen generator2Make H in hydrogen-rich water2The concentration of the flax seed reaches 0.1-0.4 mmol/L, the flax seed is soaked in hydrogen-rich water for 4-5 h, the temperature is 15-30 ℃, and the flax is enabled to fully absorb water;
C. spraying and germinating: elutriating and putting the fully water-absorbed flaxseed grains in a germination machine, and spraying clear water for germination for 1-3 days, wherein the conditions are as follows: the germination temperature is 20-35 ℃, and the germination temperature is dark; then spraying a mixed aqueous solution of 40-120 mmol/L NaCl and 0.5-3 g/L gamma-polyglutamic acid, and growing for 3-7 d under the illumination condition; the conditions are as follows: the germination temperature is 15-25 ℃, the illumination is 12 hours and the darkness is 12 hours every day, and the illumination/darkness is alternately carried out;
(2) preparing seedling powder: selecting flax seedlings with the seedling length of 6-10 cm, cleaning, and removing surface open water by using a hydro-extracting cage; quickly freezing the flax seedlings at-120 to-196 ℃ for 1.0 to 3.0 hours, then placing the flax seedlings in a tray of a freeze dryer, setting the temperature to be-50 to-90 ℃, freezing for 10 to 15 minutes, then vacuumizing, and freeze-drying for 18 to 30 hours, wherein the vacuum degree is 1.0 to 6.0 Pa; adjusting the airflow pressure and the clean air temperature, and obtaining 400-plus-1000-mesh flax seedling whole powder by using a supersonic airflow crushing technology;
(3) and (3) sterilization and packaging: microwave sterilization is adopted, the output power is 50-100 KW, and the time is 5-10 min; packaging with vacuum aluminum foil, inspecting with X-ray machine, and packaging.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the invention, flax seeds are soaked in hydrogen-rich water, and are sprayed and germinated by mixed aqueous solution of NaCl and gamma-polyglutamic acid to activate related endogenous enzymes, so that SECO is enriched, and the health-care function of the whole flax seedling powder is improved. The product is rich in beneficial components such as amino acids, vitamins, minerals, SECO and the like, and the whole seedling is crushed and rich in dietary fiber, so that the health-care function of the whole flax seedling powder is greatly improved.
(2) The invention adopts a unique biotransformation technology, and the prepared flax seedling whole powder is rich in health care components such as SECO and the like, and is beneficial to the oxidation resistance of human bodies and the improvement of immunity; the content of the soluble dietary fiber is high, and the intestinal function can be adjusted and regulated.
(3) The invention adopts the vacuum freeze drying technology, retains the active ingredients such as vitamins, chlorophyll and the like in the raw materials to the maximum extent, simultaneously utilizes the supersonic airflow crushing technology to integrate crushing, grading and collection for one-time completion, and has fine and smooth powder quality of the product and obviously improved edible quality.
(4) The product production is not limited by seasons, climates and regions, and the utilization rate of agricultural resources is high; and the production technology is advanced, scientific and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is H2Influence of concentration on SECO content of the whole flax sprout powder;
FIG. 2 is the effect of NaCl concentration on SECO content of whole flax sprout powder;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the concentration of gamma-polyglutamic acid on the SECO content of whole flax sprout powder.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be given numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations by those skilled in the art based on the teachings set forth above.
Example 1
(1) Selecting full-grain flax seeds without diseases and insect pests, soaking in 0.5% (v/v) NaClO water solution for sterilization for 15 min, cleaning, and placing in H at 20 deg.C2Soaking in 0.3 mmol/L distilled water for 4 h, transferring to a germination machine, spraying with clear water at 20 deg.C in the dark for 3 d, and spraying with mixed water solution of 60 mmol/L NaCl and 1.0 g/L gamma-polyglutamic acid at 22 deg.C for 5 d, under the condition of alternating illumination of 12 h/dark 12 h;
(2) selecting flax seedlings with the seedling length of 9 cm, cleaning, removing surface clear water by using a hydro-extracting machine, quickly freezing at-120 to-196 ℃ for 1.0-3.0 h, then placing in a tray of a freeze dryer, setting the temperature to-50 to-90 ℃, freezing for 10-15 min, vacuumizing, and freeze-drying for 18-30 h, wherein the vacuum degree is 1.0-6.0 Pa; taking out the flax seedlings and obtaining 400-plus 1000-mesh flax seedling whole powder by using a supersonic airflow crushing technology;
(3) microwave sterilization is adopted, the output power is 50-100 KW, and the time is 5-10 min; packaging with vacuum aluminum foil, inspecting with X-ray machine, and packaging.
The SECO content of the product prepared by the embodiment can reach 380 mg/100 g.
Example 2
(1) Selecting full-grain flax seeds without diseases and insect pests, soaking in 0.6% (v/v) NaClO water solution for sterilization for 13 min, cleaning, and placing in H at 25 deg.C2Soaking in 0.2 mmol/L distilled water for 4 h, transferring to a germination machine, spraying with clear water at 25 deg.C in dark for germination for 2 d, and spraying with mixed aqueous solution of 80 mmol/L NaCl and 1.5 g/L gamma-polyglutamic acid at 18 deg.C for germination for 6 d, under the condition of alternating illumination of 12 h/dark 12 h;
(2) selecting flax seedlings with the seedling length of 8 cm, wherein the preparation method of the whole flax seedling powder is the same as the step (2) in the example 1;
(3) the sterilization and packaging methods were the same as in step (3) of example 1.
The SECO content of the product prepared by the embodiment can reach 320 mg/100 g.
Example 3
(1) Selecting full-grain flax seeds without diseases and insect pests, soaking in 0.7% (v/v) NaClO water solution for sterilization for 11 min, cleaning, and placing in H at 30 deg.C2Soaking in 0.15 mmol/L distilled water for 5 h, transferring to a germination machine, spraying with clear water at 30 deg.C in dark for 3 d, and spraying with mixed aqueous solution of 100 mmol/L NaCl and 2.0 g/L gamma-polyglutamic acid at 20 deg.C for 4 d, under the condition of alternating illumination of 12 h/dark 12 h;
(2) selecting flax seedlings with the seedling length of 6 cm, wherein the preparation method of the whole flax seedling powder is the same as the step (2) in the example 1;
(3) the sterilization and packaging methods were the same as in step (3) of example 1.
The SECO content of the product prepared by the embodiment can reach 250 mg/100 g.
The result is shown in FIG. 1 as H2The concentration has influence on SECO content of flax sprout powder, and the culture condition is that the selected flax seeds are soaked in 0.5% (v/v) NaClO water solution for disinfection for 15 min, washed and placed in a series of H at 25 deg.C2Soaking in distilled water with concentration (shown in figure 1) for 5 h, transferring to a germination machine, and spraying with clear water at 25 deg.C for germination for 8 d under the condition of illumination of 12 h/darkness of 12 h alternately; selecting flax seedlings with the seedling length of 8 cm, wherein the preparation method of the whole flax seedling powder is the same as that of the example 1; the sterilization and packaging methods were the same as in example 1.
As shown in FIG. 2, the effect of NaCl concentration on SECO content of flax sprout whole powder is obtained by selecting flax seed, soaking in 0.5% (v/v) NaClO water solution for sterilizing for 15 min, cleaning, and standing at 25 deg.C under H2Soaking in 0.3 mmol/L distilled water for 5 h, transferring to a germination machine, spraying with clear water at 25 deg.C in dark for germination for 2 d, and spraying with NaCl water solution of different concentrations at 25 deg.C for germination for 6 d, under the condition of alternating illumination of 12 h/darkness 12 h; selecting flax seedlings with the seedling length of 8 cm, wherein the preparation method of the whole flax seedling powder is the same as that of the example 1; the sterilization and packaging methods were the same as in example 1.
As shown in FIG. 3, is γ -The polyglutamic acid concentration has influence on SECO content of flax sprout powder, and the culture condition is that the selected flax seeds are soaked in 0.5% (v/v) NaClO water solution for disinfection for 15 min, washed and placed in H at 25 deg.C2Soaking in 0.3 mmol/L distilled water for 5 h, transferring to a germination machine, spraying with clear water at 25 deg.C in the dark for germination for 2 d, spraying with 60 mmol/L NaCl water solution and different concentrations of gamma-polyglutamic acid at 25 deg.C for germination for 6 d, and alternately illuminating for 12 h/dark for 12 h; selecting flax seedlings with the seedling length of 8 cm, wherein the preparation method of the whole flax seedling powder is the same as that of the example 1; the sterilization and packaging methods were the same as in example 1.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but this is only an example for easy understanding and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Also, various equivalent changes or substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art according to the technical solution of the present invention and the description of the preferred embodiment thereof, but all such changes or substitutions shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.