CN114375630A - Soil plough layer expansion method - Google Patents
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- CN114375630A CN114375630A CN202111600109.5A CN202111600109A CN114375630A CN 114375630 A CN114375630 A CN 114375630A CN 202111600109 A CN202111600109 A CN 202111600109A CN 114375630 A CN114375630 A CN 114375630A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
A soil plough layer capacity expansion method comprises the following steps: collecting crop straw materials, and crushing, wherein the straw materials are wheat, rice, corn, sorghum, soybean or cotton, the length of the crushed wheat/rice straw is not more than 5cm, and the length of the crushed corn/sorghum/soybean/cotton straw is not more than 3 cm; step 2, collecting the crushed straws, adding a straw regulator, and composting in situ in the field for 3-25 days; 3, returning the straws to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth; step 4, carrying out mechanical shallow rotary tillage on the plough layer soil, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15cm, and irrigating water into the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil is not less than 10 wt%; and 5, finally performing conventional fertilization and seeding operation. The content of the invention is completely different from the traditional straw returning and farming modes, the technology of the invention can effectively enlarge the water and nutrient storage capacity of the farmland farming layer and rapidly fertilize the soil, and the technology of the invention can provide a new way for rapidly increasing the water and nutrient storage capacity of the farmland soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural soil fertility improvement, and particularly relates to a soil plough layer expansion method.
Background
In order to comprehensively implement the strategy of village joy, deeply promote the quality protection of cultivated land and the green development of agriculture, promote the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources and the sustainable development of agriculture, tamp national food safety foundation stones and meet the increasing beautiful living needs of people, and China invests a large amount of manpower and material resources for improving low-yield soil, improving obstacle soil and preventing and controlling farmland soil with continuously reduced soil fertility. However, under the background of no increasing grain demand, the high-strength continuous cultivation is intensified for a long time and the fertilizer and pesticide are applied in large quantities, the organic carbon accumulation of the farmland plough layer soil is slow, the soil structure formation time is long, and the problems of thinning, thinning and hardening even occur in the black soil cultivated land in northeast China. From the perspective of urgent need for solution in farmland conservation and utilization in China, farmland soil forms a good soil structure in a short period by a manual improvement mode, and the increase of the capacities of ventilation, water permeation, water and nutrient storage and supply is very difficult, so that an effective technical scheme is lacked. Therefore, the farmland plough layer soil capacity expansion technology capable of improving the structure of soil, increasing the water retention and ventilation function and enhancing the buffering performance of soil is continuously researched and developed, the farmland soil moisture and nutrient storage capacity is increased, the soil barrier is further improved, and the farmland soil fertility and the productivity are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a soil plough layer expansion method which can quickly improve the storage capacity of soil moisture and nutrients of the plough layer and improve the soil fertility, has the technical advantages of quick effect, simple operation, wide application range and low cost, and can solve the technical problem of difficult improvement of the soil fertility of the farmland plough layer at present.
The technical scheme is as follows: a soil plough layer capacity expansion method comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting crop straw materials, and crushing, wherein the straw materials are wheat, rice, corn, sorghum, soybean or cotton, the length of crushed wheat/rice straw is not more than 5cm, and the length of crushed corn/sorghum/soybean/cotton straw is not more than 3 cm; step 2, collecting the crushed straws, adding a straw regulator, mixing the straw regulator into the straws according to the range of 100-150kg/ha, and carrying out in-situ composting in the field for 3-25 days; 3, returning the straws to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth; step 4, carrying out mechanical shallow rotary tillage on the plough layer soil, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15cm, and irrigating water into the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil is not less than 10 wt%; and 5, finally performing conventional fertilization and seeding operation.
The method for crushing the straws in the step 1 comprises the step of crushing the crop straws by adopting a tractor stubble cleaner, a tractor straw crusher or an electric hay cutter, wherein the length of the crushed wheat/rice straws is 0-5cm, and the length of the crushed corn/sorghum/soybean/cotton straws is 0-3 cm.
Collecting the crushed straws in the step 2, stacking the straws on the surface layer of the farmland soil in situ in the field, wherein the stacking thickness is not less than 20cm, adding a straw regulator, spraying water on the straws with the humidity of less than 50wt.% until the humidity of the straws reaches 50-65wt.%, and covering the straws with a film for heat preservation when the air temperature is less than 20 ℃.
The straw regulator in the step 2 is prepared from a natural macromolecular organic material and a microbial agent, the natural macromolecular organic material is prepared by fermenting crop residues at the temperature of 20-45 ℃ for not less than 4 months and airing until the humidity is lower than 10wt.%, and the crop residues are crop straw particles, corn cob particles or peanut shell particles with the diameter of less than 2 mm; the microbial agent is obtained by amplification culture of indigenous microorganisms, the number of bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 100 hundred million/g, and the natural macromolecular organic material and the microbial agent are mixed according to the weight ratio of (10-25) to 1 to obtain the straw regulator.
In the step 3, the straw is returned to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth, and the specific operation method is that in the first season, furrows are dug along ridges in the field, the furrow depth is 20cm, the furrow width is 15cm, the interval of adjacent furrows is 40cm, the straws which are piled and rotted in situ are uniformly scattered into the furrows, and then the furrows are leveled; and (3) staggering the ditching position of the second season by 20cm in parallel with the ditching position of the first season, wherein the depth of the ditches is 10cm, the width of the ditches is 15cm, uniformly scattering the in-situ piled and rotten straws into the ditches, compacting, then leveling the ditches, repeating the operation method of the first season in the third season, and repeating the steps.
And 4, mechanically and shallowly rotary tilling plough layer soil, wherein the rotary tilling depth is 10-15cm, the farmland is irrigated until the water content of the plough layer soil is not less than 15 wt%, for sandy soil with good water drainage, the water content of the plough layer soil is controlled within the range of 15-30 wt%, for loamy soil with strong water control capability, the water content of the plough layer soil is controlled within the range of 15-20 wt%, and for land blocks with poor water drainage capability and high water logging tendency, the water content of the plough layer soil is controlled within the range of 10-15 wt%.
Has the advantages that: the method can improve the nutrient content of the soil by recycling the crop straws, the used main material has the advantages of easy acquisition, low price and the like, and the implementation cost of the technology can be effectively controlled. The soil plough layer capacity expansion technology provided by the invention breaks through the traditional thinking of farmland soil cultivation and straw returning, provides a new cultivation scheme for returning the nutrients in the straws to the soil, and designs a new straw regulator as a compatible material to stimulate the release of the nutrients in the straws and promote the increase of the nutrients in the soil of the plough layer. The technical scheme provided by the invention has easy operability, can be suitable for most farmland soils in China, has great market application potential, and can provide technical support for farmland soil improvement and soil fertility improvement in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of the carbon reserves of the soil particles of comparative and example topsoil (0-20cm) versus the total carbon reserves of the soil particles of 0-40cm of the plough base (20-40 cm);
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the soil mineral carbon reserves of the comparative and example topsoil (0-20cm) versus the subsoil (20-40cm) and total mineral carbon reserves of 0-40 cm;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the total organic carbon reserves of the soil in the plough layer (0-20cm) and the plough layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example and the example with the total organic carbon reserves of the soil in the plough layer (20-40cm) and the total organic carbon reserves of 0-40 cm;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of total nitrogen reserves of soil at the topsoil (0-20cm) and at the plough layer (20-40cm) and 0-40cm total nitrogen reserves of comparative and example topsoils;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen reserves of the plough layer (0-20cm) of the comparative example and the working example with the soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen reserves of the plough layer (20-40cm) and the total alkali hydrolysis nitrogen reserves of 0-40 cm;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of the nitrogen reserves of soil microorganisms at the topsoil (0-20cm) and the total nitrogen reserves of microorganisms at 0-40cm of the plough layer (20-40cm) of the comparative and example.
Detailed Description
The following soil tests further illustrate the contents of the present invention but should not be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the specific measurement methods not indicated in the test are all the measurement methods described in Shanghai, Kun et al, soil agricultural chemical analysis, Chinese agricultural science and technology Press 1999.
The test process comprises the following steps: in a typical moisture soil farmland (35 degrees 01 'N and 114 degrees 32' E) in North China plain, the typical moisture soil farmland belongs to a semiarid and semihumid warm zone season wind climate, the annual average temperature is 13.9 ℃, the annual average rainfall is 615mm, the soil in the area develops into the yellow river alluvial deposit moisture soil, and the basic fertility indexes of the soil in the experimental primary plough layer are as follows: organic matter 8.00 g/kg-1Total nitrogen 0.54 g.kg-10.86 g/kg of total phosphorus-119.17 g/kg of total potassium-1Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen 40.92 mg/kg-116.71 mg/kg of available phosphorus-1Quick-acting potassium 63.67 mg/kg-1pH 8.57. The common treatment mode of rotary tillage and returning to the field after straw crushing, the fertilizing amount and the planting crop type of the conventional straw returning treatment. The sowing mode, the crop variety and the like are the same near farmlands, the crop planted in the test is wheat, a wheat-corn rotation system is adopted, the total fertilization amount is the same in different treatment, the total nitrogen application amount in the whole growth period of corn is 210kg/ha, and the phosphorus and potassium are respectively P2O5157 kg/ha、K2O 105kg/ha, 5 treatments were set, comparative, example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4 respectively.
The straw regulator is prepared from natural macromolecular organic materials and a microbial agent, the natural macromolecular organic materials are prepared by fermenting crop residues at the temperature of 20-45 ℃ for not less than 4 months and airing until the humidity is lower than 10wt.%, and the crop residues are crop straw particles, corncob particles or peanut shell particles with the diameter of less than 2 mm; the microbial agent is obtained by amplification culture of indigenous microorganisms, the number of bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 100 hundred million/g, and the natural macromolecular organic material and the microbial agent are mixed according to the weight ratio of (10-25) to 1 to obtain the straw regulator.
The manufacturing process of the straw regulator comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: collecting organic materials (crop straws, corncobs or peanut shells, which are mixed according to any proportion, or can adopt a single material);
the second step is that: crushing the organic material by using a crusher, wherein the particle size of the crushed organic material is less than 2mm, and adding water to enable the water content of the crushed organic material to reach 30-50%;
the third step: fermenting at 20-45 deg.C for not less than 4 months, and air drying the fermented organic material until the humidity is less than 10wt.% to obtain natural macromolecular organic material.
The fourth step: selecting summer and selecting a farmland with high yield after crops are harvested, digging 1 part of surface layer residues for mixing, and then fully mixing the enzyme, the molasses and the water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:30 to obtain the microbial promotion liquid. Adding the microbial promoting liquid while stirring the mixture of the fresh soil and the rice bran until the water content of the indigenous strains reaches 55-65% to obtain the indigenous strains. And finally, clearing an open space with the diameter of 30cm in a farmland, scattering a small amount of microorganism promoting liquid to moisten soil on the ground surface, piling the indigenous strains in the open space into a fluffy hill shape, lightly scattering a thin layer of rice bran, scattering crop straws with the thickness of 10-15cm (the length range of the crop straws is 1-10cm), standing for 3-10 days, collecting samples of the indigenous strains to enable the total number of floras to reach 100 hundred million/g, and thus obtaining the microbial agent.
The fifth step: mixing the natural macromolecular organic material and the microbial agent according to the weight ratio of (10-25) to 1 to obtain the straw regulator.
Comparative example
The comparative example was carried out as follows:
step 3, irrigating the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil reaches about 15 wt.%;
and 4, standing for 3 days after the step 3 is finished, and finally performing conventional fertilization and seeding operation.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps:
step 3, returning the straws to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth, ditching along ridges in the field, wherein the depth of the ditches is 20cm, the width of the ditches is 15cm, the interval between adjacent ditches is 40cm, uniformly scattering the in-situ rotted straws into the ditches, sprinkling water on the straws until the humidity of the straws reaches 50-60 wt%, then leveling the ditches, and waiting for the next operation;
step 4, after the step 3 is finished, manually ploughing the plough layer soil, wherein the ploughing depth is 10-15cm, and irrigating water into the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil reaches about 15 wt%;
and 5, standing for 3 days after the step 4 is finished, and finally performing conventional fertilization and seeding operation.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps:
step 3, returning straws to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth, ditching along ridges in the field, wherein the depth of the ditches is 20cm, the width of the ditches is 15cm, the interval between adjacent ditches is 40cm, uniformly scattering in-situ rotten straws into the ditches, replacing mineral nitrogen fertilizers accounting for 8 wt% of the total nitrogen application amount by fermented chicken manure, uniformly scattering the fermented chicken manure on the straws, sprinkling water on the straws until the humidity of the straws reaches 50-60 wt%, then leveling the ditches, and waiting for the next operation;
step 4, after the step 3 is finished, manually ploughing the plough layer soil, wherein the ploughing depth is 10-15cm, and irrigating water into the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil reaches about 15 wt%;
and 5, standing for 3 days after the step 4 is finished, finally performing conventional fertilization and sowing operations, and deducting the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers brought into the soil by the fermented chicken manure broadcast in the step 3 during fertilization.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps:
step 3, returning the straws to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth, ditching along ridges in the field, wherein the depth of the ditches is 20cm, the width of the ditches is 15cm, the interval between adjacent ditches is 40cm, uniformly scattering the in-situ rotten straws into the ditches, uniformly scattering mineral nitrogen fertilizer accounting for 8 wt% of the total nitrogen application amount on the straws, sprinkling water on the straws until the humidity of the straws reaches 50-60 wt%, then leveling the ditches, and waiting for the next operation;
step 4, after the step 3 is finished, manually ploughing the plough layer soil, wherein the ploughing depth is 10-15cm, and irrigating water into the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil reaches about 15 wt%;
and 5, standing for 3 days after the step 4 is finished, finally performing conventional fertilization and sowing operations, and deducting the nitrogen fertilizer amount of the straws applied in the step 3 during fertilization.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps:
3, returning the straws to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth, ditching along ridges in the field, wherein the depth of the ditches is 20cm, the width of the ditches is 15cm, the interval between adjacent ditches is 40cm, uniformly scattering the in-situ piled straws into the ditches, scattering a straw regulator on the straws, scattering the straw regulator into the straws according to 150kg/ha, diluting the straw regulator according to the weight ratio of 1:100 of a straw activator to plough layer air-dried fine soil before scattering the straw regulator, uniformly scattering the straw regulator on the straws, sprinkling water on the straws until the humidity of the straws reaches 50-60 wt%, then leveling the ditches, and waiting for the next operation;
step 4, after the step 3 is finished, manually ploughing the plough layer soil, wherein the ploughing depth is 10-15cm, and irrigating water into the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil reaches about 15 wt%;
and 5, standing for 3 days after the step 4 is finished, and finally performing conventional fertilization and seeding operation.
Collecting soil samples of 0-20cm plough layer and 20-40cm plough bottom layer at crop maturity stage, and determining soil organic carbon, granular organic carbon, mineral combined organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, and soil volume weight (g/cm)3) And soil microbial biomass nitrogen and other indexes, calculating the saturated water content of the soil according to a formula 1, and calculating the reserves of soil carbon and nitrogen according to a formula 2 to obtain the reserves of soil carbon, nitrogen and components thereof, and analyzing and evaluating the influences of the comparative examples and the embodiments on the storage capacity of soil moisture and nutrients.
Equation 1:
saturated water content (t/ha) of soil (1-soil volume weight/2.65) x 1000 x soil thickness
Equation 2:
soil carbon reserve (t C/ha) is the soil carbon concentration x soil bulk density x 1000 x soil thickness
Equation 3:
soil nitrogen storage (t C/ha) soil nitrogen concentration x soil bulk density x 1000 x soil thickness
Equation 4:
soil microbial nitrogen storage (kg N/ha) ═ soil microbial nitrogen concentration x soil bulk density x 1000 x soil thickness
The above formula 2 can be used to calculate the carbon, mineral carbon and total organic carbon reserves of soil particles, the above formula 3 can be used to calculate the total nitrogen and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen reserves of soil, the soil carbon concentration represents the total organic carbon content of soil or the carbon content of soil particles or the mineral carbon content of soil, the soil nitrogen concentration represents the total nitrogen content of soil or the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, and the soil volume weight unit is converted into: t/m3The soil thickness unit is set as: m, the soil carbon concentration unit is converted into t C/(t soil), the soil nitrogen concentration unit is converted into t N/(t soil), and the soil microorganism biomass nitrogen concentration is set as kg N/(t soil).
The saturated water content of the soil in the plough layer (0-20cm) and the plough bottom layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example and the example is shown in Table 1, the carbon reserves of the soil granules and the total reserves of the soil granules of 0-40cm in the plough layer (0-20cm) and the plough bottom layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example and the example are shown in FIG. 1, the carbon reserves of the soil minerals and the total reserves of the soil minerals and the 0-40cm in the plough bottom layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example and the example are shown in FIG. 2, the total organic carbon reserves and the total reserves of the soil of 0-40cm in the soil of the plough layer (0-20cm) and the plough bottom layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example are shown in FIG. 3, the total nitrogen reserves and the total reserves of the soil and the 0-40cm in the plough bottom layer (0-20cm) and the plough bottom layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example are shown in FIG. 4, the soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen reserves and the total reserves of 0-40cm of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen of the plough layer (0-20cm) and the plough bottom layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example and the example are shown in figure 5, and the soil microbial biomass nitrogen reserves and the total reserves of 0-40cm of microbial biomass nitrogen of the plough layer (0-20cm) and the plough bottom layer (20-40cm) of the comparative example and the example are shown in figure 6.
TABLE 1 Huang-Huai-Hai-Mai Yu-Rou protective cultivation technical model economic benefit analysis
TABLE 2 energy-saving effect and sowing efficiency of Huang-Huai-Hai wheat jade wheel-rotation annual protective farming technical mode
TABLE 3 comparison of soil saturated water content of comparative and example topsoil (0-20cm) and plough bottom (20-40cm)
The results above show that, with reference to the comparative example, the increase in the saturated water content of the plough layer and the plough base layer in the examples is in the range of 1.8 to 10.44%, wherein the increase in the saturated water content of the soil of the plough base layer is large as a whole, and the increase in the total saturated water content of the plough layer and the plough base layer is more than 2.68%. The total organic carbon and the component (granular carbon and mineral carbon) reserves of plough layer soil, the total nitrogen and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen reserves of soil and the microbial nitrogen reserves of soil are equivalent to those of the embodiment, but the reserves of plough layer carbon, nitrogen and the component thereof are greatly increased compared with the embodiment, and the carbon nitrogen and the component of soil with the depth of 0-40cm are treated much higher than the embodiment. It can be seen that the treatment of the examples can maintain or improve the reserves of carbon and nitrogen and components of the plough layer and can greatly improve the reserves of carbon and nitrogen and components of the plough bottom layer, and the examples can effectively expand the total nutrient reserves of the plough layer and the plough bottom layer. In addition, compared with the comparative example, the embodiment can obviously improve the microbial biomass nitrogen of the plough layer and the plough bottom layer, thereby illustrating that the embodiment not only can expand the total reserves of water and carbon nitrogen nutrients of the plough layer and the plough bottom layer, but also can promote the microbial biomass growth.
In conclusion, the embodiment can effectively expand the total amount of moisture, nutrients and microorganisms of the soil plough layer and the plough bottom layer, the soil plough layer is usually a main storage place for nutrient and material energy, the embodiment can maintain and increase the nutrient storage capacity of the plough layer by treating the soil, and simultaneously excavates the utilization potential of the plough bottom layer, so that the plough bottom layer gradually has the function of storing nutrients for cultivation, and has the trend of curing and converting the plough bottom layer into the plough layer, thereby increasing the thickness of the plough layer and expanding the storage capacity of the plough layer. Therefore, the technology of the invention has obvious effect on the expansion of the soil plough layer.
Claims (6)
1. A soil plough layer capacity expansion method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, collecting crop straw materials, and crushing, wherein the straw materials are wheat, rice, corn, sorghum, soybean or cotton, the length of crushed wheat/rice straw is not more than 5cm, and the length of crushed corn/sorghum/soybean/cotton straw is not more than 3 cm; step 2, collecting the crushed straws, adding a straw regulator, mixing the straw regulator into the straws according to the range of 100-150kg/ha, and carrying out in-situ composting in the field for 3-25 days; 3, returning the straws to the field by adopting a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth; step 4, carrying out mechanical shallow rotary tillage on the plough layer soil, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15cm, and irrigating water into the farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil is not less than 10 wt%; and 5, finally performing conventional fertilization and seeding operation.
2. The soil plough layer capacity expansion method of claim 1, wherein the straw crushing method in the step 1 is to crush crop straws by using a tractor stubble cleaner, a tractor straw crusher or an electric hay cutter, the crushed wheat/rice straws are 0-5cm long, and the crushed corn/sorghum/soybean/cotton straws are 0-3cm long.
3. A soil plough layer capacity expansion method according to claim 1, wherein the crushed straws are collected in the step 2, the straws on the surface layer of the farmland soil are piled up in situ in the field, the thickness of the piled straws is not less than 20cm, a straw regulator is added, for the straws with humidity of less than 50wt.%, water is sprayed on the straws until the humidity of the straws reaches 50-65wt.%, and when the air temperature is less than 20 ℃, the straws are covered with a film for heat preservation.
4. A soil working layer expansion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw regulator in step 2 is made of natural macromolecular organic material and microbial agent, the natural macromolecular organic material is prepared by fermenting crop residue at 20-45 ℃ for not less than 4 months and airing to humidity of less than 10wt.%, the crop residue is crop straw particles, corn cob particles or peanut shell particles with diameter of less than 2 mm; the microbial agent is obtained by amplification culture of indigenous microorganisms, the number of bacteria in the microbial agent is not less than 100 hundred million/g, and the natural macromolecular organic material and the microbial agent are mixed according to the weight ratio of (10-25) to 1 to obtain the straw regulator.
5. The soil plough layer capacity expansion method according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is carried out by returning straws to the field in a deep returning mode of alternating horizontal dislocation and vertical depth, and the specific operation method is that furrows are dug along ridges in the field in the first season, the furrow depth is 20cm, the furrow width is 15cm, the interval between adjacent furrows is 40cm, the straws piled in situ are uniformly scattered into the furrows, and then the furrows are leveled; and (3) staggering the ditching position of the second season by 20cm in parallel with the ditching position of the first season, wherein the depth of the ditches is 10cm, the width of the ditches is 15cm, uniformly scattering the in-situ piled and rotten straws into the ditches, compacting, then leveling the ditches, repeating the operation method of the first season in the third season, and repeating the steps.
6. The soil plough layer capacity expansion method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, shallow rotary tillage is performed on plough layer soil, the rotary tillage depth is 10-15cm, water is poured into a farmland until the water content of the plough layer soil is not less than 15 wt%, for sandy soil with good water drainage, the water content of the plough layer soil is controlled within the range of 15-30 wt%, for loamy soil with strong water control capability, the water content of the plough layer soil is controlled within the range of 15-20 wt%, and for plots with poor water drainage capability and high water logging tendency, the water content of the plough layer soil is controlled within the range of 10-15 wt%.
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| CN108934842A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-07 | 沈阳农业大学 | Corn is ploughed and exempts from the band-like returning to the field cultural method of wrong stalk |
| CN113557814A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-29 | 九江学院 | Cultivation method for returning straw to field |
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