CN114365685A - Stock and ear seedling intensive cultivation method for pumpkin stock root cutting grafting - Google Patents

Stock and ear seedling intensive cultivation method for pumpkin stock root cutting grafting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114365685A
CN114365685A CN202111624922.6A CN202111624922A CN114365685A CN 114365685 A CN114365685 A CN 114365685A CN 202111624922 A CN202111624922 A CN 202111624922A CN 114365685 A CN114365685 A CN 114365685A
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China
Prior art keywords
seedling
stock
substrate
pumpkin
rootstock
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CN202111624922.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
田红梅
张建
陶珍
刘娟
刘凯
夏新发
刘松年
赵永利
李青
王朋成
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Institute of Gardening of Anhui Academy Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Gardening of Anhui Academy Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN202111624922.6A priority Critical patent/CN114365685A/en
Publication of CN114365685A publication Critical patent/CN114365685A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an intensive cultivation method of stock and ear seedlings for the root-cutting grafting of pumpkin stocks, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a seedling flat plate; (2) firstly, adding water into seedling substrate, paving the substrate in each seedling flat tray, uniformly and flatly paving the pumpkin stock seeds and the scion seeds in the substrate, and covering the substrate on the pumpkin stock seeds and the scion seeds; (3) firstly, overlapping a plurality of seedling flat trays, and then putting the stacked seedling flat trays into a germination accelerating room for accelerating germination; (4) and after the cotyledons come out of the soil, transferring the seedling flat tray in the germination accelerating room to a seedling greenhouse, and flatly spreading the seedling flat tray on a seedling bed for normal seedling management. The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. saving the seedling culture substrate; 2. the rate of emergence of the seedlings with shells is low, and the seedlings are easy to fall off automatically; 3. the rootstock and scion rootstock partially cover the substrate to be very thin, which is less than 0.5cm, and the seedling is not easy to be diseased after being irradiated by sunlight; 4. the seedling flat plate can be repeatedly used, and is easy to clean and sterilize after seedling; 5. simple operation, space saving and convenient carrying.

Description

Stock and ear seedling intensive cultivation method for pumpkin stock root cutting grafting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to an intensive cultivation method of stock and ear seedlings for the root cutting grafting of pumpkin stocks.
Background
Because the pumpkin has developed root system, stronger stress resistance and stronger yield increasing potential, the pumpkin becomes the most common melon grafting stock in production. At present, substrate plug seedling is generally adopted in production, but the method has the problems of small seeding density, insufficient substrate utilization, high rate of husking of seedlings after emergence of soil and the like.
The double-root-cutting grafting is also called root-cutting grafting, and is a grafting mode that the original root system of the stock is removed on the basis of conventional grafting, and the grafting opening is healed to induce the stock to generate a new root system, so that the new root system has the capabilities of absorbing nutrition and resisting diseases, and compared with the melon crops grafted conventionally, the double-root-cutting grafting can harvest one batch of melons more and greatly increase the yield. The technology has the advantages of higher efficiency, shorter grafting and seedling revival time, higher survival rate, stronger root activity and better vegetable quality.
Therefore, how to provide an intensive cultivation method of stock scion seedlings for the root cutting grafting of pumpkin stocks is a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an intensive cultivation method for scion seedling for pumpkin rootstock root cutting grafting, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a stock and ear seedling intensive cultivation method for pumpkin stock root cutting grafting specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plurality of stackable seedling raising flat trays with drain holes at the bottoms for standby;
(2) firstly, adding water into a substrate to adjust the water content to 55-65%, then paving the substrate with the thickness of 1-1.5cm in each seedling flat tray, then evenly paving the pumpkin stock seeds and the scion seeds in the substrate, and covering the substrate with the thickness of 0.5-1cm on the substrate;
(3) firstly, overlapping a plurality of seedling flat trays, and then putting the stacked seedling flat trays into a germination accelerating room for accelerating germination;
(4) and after the cotyledons come out of the soil, transferring the seedling flat tray in the germination accelerating room to a seedling greenhouse, and flatly spreading the seedling flat tray on a seedling bed for normal seedling management.
Further, in the step (1), the length of the seedling flat plate is 50-60cm, the width is 50-60cm, the height is 2.0-2.5cm, and the edge sealing width is 1 cm.
The further technical scheme has the beneficial effect of convenient operation.
Furthermore, in the step (1), a plurality of water discharge holes are arranged, the diameter of each water discharge hole is 0.5cm, and the interval is 10cm2
The further technical scheme has the advantages that the arrangement of the drain holes can increase the air permeability between the seedling flat trays before germination, the temperature is uniform, and the germination of seeds is facilitated; after germination, the substrate is moved from the germination accelerating room to a seedling raising greenhouse for light exposure, during the growth period, the substrate is dry and needs to be supplemented with water, and redundant water seeps out to prevent the oxygen deficiency and the retting of roots.
Further, in the step (1), handles are arranged at two ends of the seedling flat plate.
The technical scheme has the advantages of convenient carrying and labor cost saving.
Further, in the step (2), the substrate comprises turf and perlite; wherein, the volume of the perlite is 10-15% of the volume of the grass carbon.
Further, in the step (2), the humidity of the substrate is 55-65%.
The further technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the air permeability of the matrix is increased, the nutrients in the matrix are sufficient, the germination of seeds is facilitated, and the germination rate and the germination vigor are improved.
Further, in the step (2), the scion seed is at least one of watermelon seed, melon seed, cucumber seed and wax gourd seed.
Further, in the step (3), the temperature of the germination accelerating room is 27 to 28 ℃.
The further technical scheme has the beneficial effect that the temperature suitable for melon seeds to germinate is 27-28 ℃. If no germination room is available, germination can be carried out in a seedling greenhouse, and the temperature is controlled between 16 ℃ and 30 ℃. The temperature is higher than 30 ℃ or lower than 16 ℃, and the germination rate and the germination potential of the seeds are both obviously reduced.
Further, in the step (4), the facility for field management is a seedling bed.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the air permeability is improved, the air humidity is reduced, the temperature of the plug tray is uniform, and the seedlings grow uniformly.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. saving the seedling culture substrate;
2. the rate of emergence of the seedlings with shells is low, and the seedlings are easy to fall off automatically;
3. the rootstock and scion rootstock partially cover the substrate to be very thin, which is less than 0.5cm, and the seedling is not easy to be diseased after being irradiated by sunlight;
4. the seedling flat plate can be repeatedly used, and is easy to clean and sterilize after seedling;
5. simple operation, space saving and convenient carrying.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a picture of pumpkin rootstock seeds and scion seeds evenly spread in a matrix;
FIG. 2 is a picture of a rootstock seed covered with a substrate and a scion seed covered with a substrate;
FIG. 3 is a picture obtained by stacking a plurality of seedling trays;
FIG. 4 is a top view after normal seedling management;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view after normal seedling management;
fig. 6 is a front view after normal seedling management.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The intensive cultivation method of the stock scion seedling for the pumpkin stock root cutting grafting specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plurality of stackable seedling raising flat trays with drain holes at the bottoms for standby;
wherein the length of the seedling flat plate is 55cm, the width is 55cm, the height is 2.5cm, and the edge sealing width is 1 cm; handles are arranged at both ends of the seedling raising flat plate; the drain holes are provided with a plurality of holes with the diameter of 0.5cm and the interval of 10cm2
(2) Firstly, adding water into a substrate to adjust the water content to 60%, then paving the substrate with the thickness of 1.5cm in each seedling flat tray, then uniformly paving the pumpkin stock seeds and the scion seeds (watermelon seeds) in the substrate (as shown in figure 1), covering the substrate with the thickness of 1cm on the stock seeds, and covering the substrate with the thickness of 0.6cm on the scion seeds (watermelon seeds) (as shown in figure 2);
wherein the substrate comprises grass peat and perlite, and the volume of the perlite is 12% of the volume of the grass peat;
(3) firstly, superposing a plurality of seedling flat trays (as shown in figure 3), and then putting the seedlings into a germination accelerating room at 28 ℃ for accelerating germination;
(4) after the cotyledons come out of the soil, transferring the seedling flat tray in the germination accelerating room to a seedling greenhouse, and flatly spreading the seedling flat tray on a seedling bed for normal seedling management (the top view, the bottom view and the front view are respectively shown in figures 4-6).
Example 2
The intensive cultivation method of the stock scion seedling for the pumpkin stock root cutting grafting specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plurality of stackable seedling raising flat trays with drain holes at the bottoms for standby;
wherein the length of the seedling flat plate is 50cm, the width is 50cm, the height is 2cm, and the edge sealing width is 1 cm; handles are arranged at both ends of the seedling raising flat plate; the drain holes are provided with a plurality of holes with the diameter of 0.5cm and the interval of 10cm2
(2) Firstly adding water into a substrate to adjust the water content to 60%, then paving the substrate with the thickness of 1cm in each seedling flat tray, then uniformly paving the pumpkin stock seeds and the scion seeds (melon seeds) in the substrate, covering the substrate with the thickness of 1cm on the stock seeds, and covering the substrate with the thickness of 0.5cm on the scion seeds (melon seeds);
wherein the substrate comprises grass peat and perlite, and the volume of the perlite is 10% of the volume of the grass peat;
(3) firstly, overlapping a plurality of seedling flat trays, and then putting the stacked seedling flat trays into a germination accelerating room at the temperature of 27 ℃ for accelerating germination;
(4) and after the cotyledons come out of the soil, transferring the seedling flat plate in the germination accelerating room to a seedling greenhouse, and flatly paving the seedling flat plate on a seedling bed for normal seedling management.
Example 3
The intensive cultivation method of the stock scion seedling for the pumpkin stock root cutting grafting specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plurality of stackable seedling raising flat trays with drain holes at the bottoms for standby;
wherein the length of the seedling flat plate is 60cm, the width is 60cm, the height is 2.5cm, and the edge sealing width is 1 cm; handles are arranged at both ends of the seedling raising flat plate; the drain holes are provided with a plurality of holes with the diameter of 0.5cmAt a separation of 10cm2
(2) Firstly, adding water into a substrate to adjust the water content to 65%, then paving the substrate with the thickness of 1.3cm in each seedling flat tray, then uniformly and flatly paving pumpkin stock seeds and scion seeds (wax gourd seeds) in the substrate, covering the substrate with the thickness of 1.3cm on the stock seeds, and covering the substrate with the thickness of 0.7cm on the scion seeds (wax gourd seeds);
wherein the substrate comprises grass peat and perlite, and the volume of the perlite is 15% of the volume of the grass peat;
(3) firstly, overlapping a plurality of seedling flat trays, and then putting the stacked seedling flat trays into a germination accelerating room at 28 ℃ for accelerating germination;
(4) and after the cotyledons come out of the soil, transferring the seedling flat plate in the germination accelerating room to a seedling greenhouse, and flatly paving the seedling flat plate on a seedling bed for normal seedling management.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. A stock scion seedling intensive cultivation method for pumpkin stock root cutting grafting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a plurality of stackable seedling raising flat trays with drain holes at the bottoms for standby;
(2) firstly, adding water into a substrate to adjust the water content to 55-65%, then paving the substrate with the thickness of 1-1.5cm in each seedling flat tray, then evenly paving the pumpkin stock seeds and the scion seeds in the substrate, and covering the substrate with the thickness of 0.5-1cm on the substrate;
(3) firstly, overlapping a plurality of seedling flat trays, and then putting the stacked seedling flat trays into a germination accelerating room for accelerating germination;
(4) and after the cotyledons come out of the soil, transferring the seedling flat tray in the germination accelerating room to a seedling greenhouse, and flatly spreading the seedling flat tray on a seedling bed for normal seedling management.
2. The intensive cultivation method for the rootstock and ear seedlings for the rootstock and root cutting grafting of the pumpkin in the step (1), according to the claim 1, characterized in that the length of the seedling flat plate is 50-60cm, the width is 50-60cm, the height is 2.0-2.5cm, and the edge sealing width is 1 cm.
3. The intensive cultivation method of rootstock and scion seedlings for rootstock root cutting grafting of pumpkin according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the drainage holes are provided in a plurality with a diameter of 0.5cm and an interval of 10cm2
4. The intensive cultivation method of the stock scion seedling for the root-cutting grafting of the pumpkin stock according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), handles are arranged at both ends of the seedling flat plate.
5. The intensive cultivation method of the stock-ear seedling for the root-cutting grafting of the pumpkin stock according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the substrate comprises peat and perlite.
6. The intensive cultivation method for the rootstock and ear seedlings for the rootstock and root cutting grafting of the pumpkin according to claim 5, wherein the volume of the perlite is 10-15% of the volume of the grass carbon.
7. The intensive cultivation method of the stock-ear seedling for the root-cutting grafting of the pumpkin stock according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the scion seed is at least one of watermelon seed, melon seed, cucumber seed and wax gourd seed.
8. The intensive cultivation method for the rootstock and scion seedlings for the rootstock root cutting grafting of the pumpkin according to the claim 1, wherein the temperature of the germination accelerating chamber in the step (3) is 27-28 ℃.
CN202111624922.6A 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 Stock and ear seedling intensive cultivation method for pumpkin stock root cutting grafting Pending CN114365685A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107548757A (en) * 2017-10-19 2018-01-09 绵阳五洲农业开发有限公司 Melon nursery is staggered the time double break root graft method
CN111727757A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-02 潍坊郭牌农业科技有限公司 Double-root-cutting grafting seedling method for small-sized seeded watermelons

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107548757A (en) * 2017-10-19 2018-01-09 绵阳五洲农业开发有限公司 Melon nursery is staggered the time double break root graft method
CN111727757A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-02 潍坊郭牌农业科技有限公司 Double-root-cutting grafting seedling method for small-sized seeded watermelons

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
方伟等: "辽宁地区黄瓜工厂化双断根嫁接育苗技术规程", 《北方园艺》 *
曾学军等: "无籽西瓜工厂化嫁接育苗技术", 《长江蔬菜》 *
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Application publication date: 20220419