CN114342767A - Two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning carpet type seedling raising method for tobacco - Google Patents
Two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning carpet type seedling raising method for tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN114342767A CN114342767A CN202210048677.7A CN202210048677A CN114342767A CN 114342767 A CN114342767 A CN 114342767A CN 202210048677 A CN202210048677 A CN 202210048677A CN 114342767 A CN114342767 A CN 114342767A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of blanket type seedling culture, and discloses a two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning blanket type seedling culture method for tobacco, which comprises the following steps: designing and determining the seed hole positions for seedling and seeding by adopting a fixed-point seedling raising mode according to the operation parameters of the transplanting type transplanter; after the tobacco seedlings are sowed and before the root systems start to be coiled horizontally, the seedling trays are placed in a water receiving tray, or the seedling trays are placed in a seedling box, plastic cloth is laid at the bottom of the seedling box, and water added in the seedling box is prevented from permeating; when the seedlings are about 25-30 d in age and the root system at the bottom of the substrate is observed to start to be horizontally coiled, placing the seedling tray on a seedling bed which is 80-100 cm away from the ground, wherein the bed plate is designed to be hollow so as to facilitate the penetration of the bottom of the seedling tray, no water and accumulated water are stored at the tray bottom, and the air permeability is kept; seedling type management: after the tobacco seedlings are completely emerged (cotyledons are completely unfolded), thinning is carried out for the first time, redundant weak seedlings in a seedling tray are removed, 1 plant is fixed in each hole, if the plant is lacked in the seedling tray, and temporary planting and seedling supplementing are carried out when 2-3 th main leaves of the tobacco seedlings are born, namely in a large cross period, so that the condition that the plant is not lacked in the seedling tray is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blanket type seedling culture, and particularly relates to a two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning blanket type seedling culture method for tobacco.
Background
At present: under the background of the development of tobacco mechanized operation, a high-speed transplanter is a current advanced transplanting mode. The high-speed transplanter adopts the working principle that the tobacco seedlings which are connected into a carpet shape are rotated and moved by a mechanical transplanting arm to uniformly transversely and longitudinally divide a seedling tray on a seedbed, and the roots and stems of the tobacco seedlings are grabbed together with a matrix and then planted into soil by a grabbing tool at the front end of a mechanical wall, which is also called transplanting. Therefore, the tobacco seedlings are required to be firstly convenient to grab by mechanical operation, no barrier can be arranged between the tobacco seedlings, and the tobacco seedlings can be smoothly grabbed without damaging the roots and stems of the tobacco seedlings; secondly, tobacco seedlings can be grabbed each time without being grabbed empty, so that missing planting is prevented; thirdly, the quality of tobacco seedlings is high; fourthly, the cost is low, and the method is suitable for intensive production. The mismatching of seedling raising technology and transplanting development is a key problem which restricts the transplanting quality and efficiency. The quality and standardization of the transplanting mechanical operation aiming at the crop seedlings determine the quality of the transplanting mechanical operation. At present, part of domestic crops still adopt a bare-seedling raising mode, and the quality and the standard of seedlings of the crops raised by the bare seedlings cannot be ensured; the problems of low packing rate, fragile pot body and the like of pot seedling culture exist, and the operation quality of transplanting machinery is reduced. The current seedling raising modes of the tobacco are floating seedling raising and pot seedling raising, and the root systems of the tobacco seedlings are not blanket-shaped and are not suitable for operation of a seedling transplanting type high-speed transplanter.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the stock-lacking rate is high, the stock-lacking rate of tobacco seedlings cultured by the blanket-shaped seedling culture method for the rapes in mechanically transplanted fields is up to more than 50-60%, the seedling tray seedling culture density is increased, and the stock-lacking rate in field transplantation is still high.
(2) The density is too high, the quality of transplanted seedlings is poor, and the standard of tobacco seedling culture and strong seedlings cannot be achieved.
(3) The workload is large, and the rape blanket seedling culture uses semi-artificial seeding, which wastes time and labor.
(4) In the current tobacco seedling culture mode, the root system of the tobacco seedling is not blanket-shaped, so that the tobacco seedling culture method is not suitable for operation of a transplanting type high-speed transplanter.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning carpet type seedling raising method for tobacco.
The invention is realized in this way, a tobacco two-section fixed-point plant-positioning blanket seedling method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: calculating and designing fixed-point sowing parameters according to the operating parameters of the transplanter to perform sowing and seedling raising; the bottoms of the seedling trays are paved with jute paper, the substrates are placed in trays and scraped, and the seedlings are sowed at fixed points after sufficient moisture is sprayed;
s2: after the tobacco seedlings are sowed to 25d-30d (the time period that the root systems of the tobacco seedlings at the bottom of the matrix begin to be horizontally coiled is observed by lifting jute paper at the bottom of the matrix), placing the seedling tray in a water receiving tray, or placing the seedling tray in a seedling box, paving plastic cloth at the bottom of the seedling box to prevent water added in the seedling box from seeping out, and preferably setting the water level in the water receiving tray or the seedling box to be 1-2 cm;
s3: lifting jute paper at the bottom of the substrate when the seedling ages are about 25-30 d, observing that the root system at the bottom of the tobacco seedling substrate starts to horizontally coil, placing the tobacco seedling on a seedling bed which is 80-100 cm away from the ground, and hollowing out a bed plate to facilitate the bottom of the seedling tray to be transparent, so that water and water are not stored at the bottom of the tray, and keeping air permeability;
s4: seedling type management: after the tobacco seedlings are completely grown, thinning for the first time, removing redundant weak seedlings in a seedling tray, fixing 1 plant in each hole, and if the plant in the seedling tray is deficient, performing temporary planting and seedling supplementing when the 2 nd to 3 rd main leaves of the tobacco seedlings are born, namely in a big cross period, so as to ensure that the seedling tray is not deficient.
Further, in step S1, in order to ensure the transplanting quality, reduce the field stock shortage, and ensure the transplanting effect of the transplanting machine, the positioning position of the tobacco seedling is calculated and designed according to the operating parameters of the transplanting arm of the transplanting machine; the bottom of the seedling tray is paved with jute paper, the substrate is filled into the tray and scraped, the seedling is sowed at fixed points after sufficient moisture is sprayed, and the soil is covered by about 2 mm.
In S2, after the tobacco seedlings are sowed to the seedling age of 25-30 d (the seedling age is counted from the sowing day), before the root systems of the tobacco seedlings begin to be horizontally coiled, placing the seedling tray in a water receiving tray without holes at the bottom, or placing the seedling tray in a seedling box, paving plastic cloth at the bottom of the seedling box to prevent water added in the seedling box from permeating, wherein the water level at the bottom of the seedling tray is about 1cm and is not higher than 2cm, and observing the water in the water tray to know the water supply condition of the seedling matrix. The method can solve the problems of uneven seedling emergence and uneven seedling emergence speed caused by uneven manual water spraying, simultaneously reduces the problem of high stock shortage rate caused by dry edges of the seedling tray, and reduces the frequency of manual water spraying and labor cost;
s3, when the seedlings are 25-30 d old and the root system at the bottom of the tobacco seedling substrate begins to be horizontally coiled, the tobacco seedlings are placed on a seedling bed which is 80-100 cm away from the ground (taking the operation and management of seedlings as the standard), and the bed plate is hollowed out to facilitate the penetration of the bottom of the seedling disk, no water and water are stored at the bottom of the disk and maintain the air permeability. When the tobacco seedlings grow to the period, most root systems of the tobacco seedlings grow to the bottom of the seedling tray, and if the seedling tray is continuously put into water, the root systems can be pricked out of the tray through the holes at the bottom of the seedling tray, so that the transverse growth of the root systems is influenced and the tray becomes blanket. Under the premise that the moisture supply is sufficient in 30 days and the tobacco seedlings grow neatly and consistently, the seedling tray is replaced to a seedbed capable of controlling water from a humid environment, the moisture supply at the bottom of the matrix is reduced, and the roots grow transversely and become a tray blanket.
Further, in the S1 fixed-point sowing, tobacco seedling position positioning is carried out in a calculation mode, a mold for realizing the positioning sowing is adopted, jute paper is paved at the bottom of a seedling tray matrix, and the matrix is placed in a tray and scraped to penetrate moisture and then fixed-point sowing is carried out.
Further, in S2, the seedling age is about 0-30d, and a wet seedling raising mode is adopted: and placing the seedling tray on a plastic tray or in a seedling box, wherein the moisture management of the seedling tray assists in atomizing and spraying water above the seedling tray in a manner that the water at the bottom of the seedling tray is upwards infiltrated, and the moisture in the seedling tray is kept to be not less than 70% of the maximum water holding capacity of the matrix before 30 days.
Further, the seedbed in the S3 can be made of stainless steel or bamboo boards.
Further, atomizing and spraying water once every 2d of the tobacco seedlings in the S4, keeping the maximum water holding capacity of 60% -70% of the substrate until 7d-14d before transplanting, and prolonging the next water spraying time for hardening the seedlings after spraying water each time so as to observe that the tobacco seedlings are slightly withered at noon and can be recovered in the morning and evening.
The temperature, nutrient, ventilation and illumination management in the seedling stage is the same as the tobacco wet seedling management process.
Further, when the 3 rd to 5 th main leaves of the tobacco seedlings grow, the aged cotyledons and the like are removed, when 6 to 7 main leaves are obtained, the lower 2 to 3 main leaves are cut, and 2/3 is cut off from the leaves until the seedlings are 55 to 60 days old.
Further, before the tobacco plant is transplanted, old leaves at the lower part of the tobacco plant are removed, 2-3 newly-grown leaves are removed from the upper part, the leaves are cut, 1/2-2/3 are cut off from the leaves, 2-3cm of mechanical grabbing obstacles are kept near the root-stem junction of the tobacco seedling, and meanwhile, the development of the root and stem of the tobacco seedling is facilitated, the seedling is promoted, the seedling is hardened, and strong seedlings are cultivated.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention is suitable for the technical method of carpet type seedling raising of tobacco; the fixed-point plant-fixing seedling-raising technical direction for meeting and improving the grabbing success rate of the transplanter is achieved; the two segmentation seedlings that this patent provided, it does not before the end of a plate lateral growth dish knot to indicate seedling root system development in earlier stage, guarantee the sufficient supply of moisture with the mode of moist seedling of growing seedlings, thereby guarantee the tobacco seedling uniformity of emerging, only need observe the seedling bottom moisture supply condition can, grow to the seedling root system bottom of the dish, when starting lateral growth, prick the seedling dish outside for avoiding the root system to become the water fatality, influence the growth of the lateral coiling of root system, adopt the mode of liftoff seedbed accuse dish seedling, make the seedling bottom break away from the more sufficient moisture environment, root system growth end becomes the lateral growth of water fertilizer in the seedling dish, thereby the root system coils the knot, interweave, twine into the blanket. Therefore, labor and time cost are saved, the uniformity, the survival rate and the strong seedling rate of tobacco seedlings are guaranteed, the cut leaf root promotion and the seedling type management are unified in the seedling type management in the method, the tobacco seedlings are cultivated and transplanted through an optimized structure, the parameter requirements of a seedling bed of a transplanter and the operation requirements of grabbing by a mechanical arm are met, and the strong seedlings suitable for planting are cultivated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a two-stage fixed-point plant-positioning carpet-type seedling growing method for tobacco according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage fixed-point plant-fixed carpet-type seedling culture method for tobacco according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning carpet seedling raising method for tobacco, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The transplanting in an inserting mode is a novel transplanting mode in the current tobacco production, and is never introduced into the tobacco agricultural production before. The transplanting mode needs to be changed and matched with the seedling raising mode, and the blanket type root system integrated seedling raising technology is a technical method matched with the transplanting mode. The tobacco seedlings cultivated by the current carpet type seedling raising technical standard are poor in quality, the field stock shortage rate is up to more than 50%, when the problem of the field stock shortage rate is solved by increasing seeding density, stems of the tobacco seedlings become thin along with the increase of the density, the tobacco seedlings become weak, the transplanting stock shortage rate is still high, experiments prove that after the fixed-point plant setting seedling raising, the tobacco seedling distance is reasonable, the transplanting arms grab the tobacco seedlings at the fixed points accurately after calculation in the transplanting process, and the field stock shortage rate is greatly reduced.
The fixed-point plant-positioning seedling raising method has higher requirements on the seedling raising technology, and tobacco seedlings are uniform and neat without plant shortage. The current tobacco seedling culture mode is mainly used for floating seedling culture, the seedling tray is directly placed into nutrient solution after seeding, management is relatively extensive, robust tobacco seedlings can be selected for transplanting during transplanting, and weak seedlings can be abandoned. However, the transplanting of the inserting type transplanting requires that the stock shortage rate of the tobacco seedling tray is not too high, otherwise, the field transplanting quality is affected, so that the development of a novel seedling raising technology suitable for a blanket type integrated seedling raising mode is a key point for completing the matching with the new transplanting technology by the seedling raising mode.
The germination period of the tobacco seeds is very sensitive to temperature and moisture, and under the same temperature condition, if the moisture supply is not uniform, the germination rate and the uniformity of the seeds are influenced. The method of spraying water on the upper layer of the substrate to maintain the soil moisture content of the substrate easily causes uneven water distribution in the seedling tray, and particularly, the phenomenon of dry edges easily occurs at the periphery of the seedling tray. Place seedling tray in the tray, keep a certain amount of moisture in the tray, can keep the even uniformity of moisture in the seedling tray, can know the moisture content of matrix in the seedling tray through observing the moisture condition in the tray simultaneously. Based on this, the tobacco seedling is mainly in a wet seedling raising mode in the early stage of seedling raising. The integrative external condition of tobacco seedling root system formation blanket formula blocks the root system and pricks down, becomes lateral growth by the downward growth to accomplish the integrative knot of coiling of blanket formula, at this in-process, must block the supply of seedling tray lower part moisture and nutrient, it is to the aquosity and to fertile characteristic to comply with the root system growth, with the tray environment of seedling tray from the moist condition of bottom moisture, shift to the seedbed of the moist condition of bottom moisture not, the root system is trended the aquosity and is by seedling tray bottom lateral growth, final root volume development reaches interweaves blanket one-piece body.
The above shows that the fixed-point plant setting is the key for improving the transplanting quality, while the two-stage seedling raising technology is the key for solving the problem of plant shortage rate of seedling trays in the seedling stage.
The key technology of the technology is as follows: the moisture control is the key of the tobacco seedling blanket formation, and comprises the selection of the use amount and the time of the moisture; a fixed-point plant-positioning seedling raising mode is a precondition for popularizing transplanting machinery.
As shown in figure 1, the two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning carpet seedling raising method for tobacco comprises the following steps:
s1: the jute paper is laid at the bottom of the seedling tray, the substrate is placed in the tray, the water is sprayed to penetrate the soil moisture, the tobacco seedling is sowed by positioning after calculation, and then the soil is covered.
S2: after the tobacco seedlings are sowed to the seedling age of 30d (the seedling age is counted from the sowing day), placing the seedling tray in a water receiving tray, or placing the seedling tray in a seedling box, and paving plastic cloth at the bottom of the seedling box to prevent water added in the seedling box from permeating;
s3: after the seedlings are aged for 30 days, the tobacco seedlings are placed on a seedling bed which is 80-100 cm away from the ground (based on the convenience of seedling operation and management), and gaps are left in the bed body to facilitate the penetration of the bottom of a seedling tray, no water or accumulated water is stored at the bottom of the tray, and the air permeability is maintained.
S4: seedling type management: after the tobacco seedlings are completely emerged (cotyledons are completely unfolded), thinning is carried out for the first time, redundant weak seedlings in a seedling tray are removed, 1 plant is fixed in each hole, if the plant is lacked in the seedling tray, and temporary planting and seedling supplementing are carried out when 2-3 th main leaves of the tobacco seedlings are born, namely in a large cross period, so that the condition that the plant is not lacked in the seedling tray is ensured.
Further, in S1, a fixed-point sowing and seedling raising mode is calculated: the seedling tray position is according to transplanter plant arm working parameter, carries out region division to the seedling tray after calculating, after aiming at tobacco seedling position, makes special seeding mould, after the sufficient soil moisture of matrix, sows and grows seedlings.
Further, in S2, the seedling age is about 0-30d, and a wet seedling raising mode is adopted: in order to ensure the emergence rate and the emergence uniformity, the moisture management of the seedling tray is adopted to assist the atomization and water spraying above the seedling tray by the way of water infiltration of the tray bottom, and the moisture in the substrate of the seedling tray is kept to be not less than 70% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field before the root system of the tobacco seedlings is horizontally coiled.
Further, the seedbed in the S3 can be made of stainless steel or bamboo boards.
Further, atomizing and spraying water once every 2d of the tobacco seedlings in the S4, keeping 60% -70% of the maximum water capacity of the matrix field until 7-14d before the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, prolonging the water spraying interval time, properly controlling water and hardening the seedlings, keeping about 60% of the maximum water capacity of the matrix field, and properly spraying water until 1d before the transplanting, so that the matrix can keep about 70% of the maximum water capacity of the field (the matrix is wet), and the matrix is not suitable for being too large or too dry.
Further, when the 3 rd to 5 th main leaves of the tobacco seedlings grow, the aged cotyledons and the like are removed, when 6 to 7 main leaves are obtained, the lower 2 to 3 main leaves are cut, and 2/3 is cut off from the leaves until the seedlings are 55 to 60 days old.
Further, before the tobacco plant is transplanted, old leaves at the lower part of the tobacco plant are removed, 2-3 newly-grown leaves are removed from the upper part, the leaves are cut, 1/2-2/3 are cut off from the leaves, 2-3cm of mechanical grabbing obstacles are kept near the root-stem junction of the tobacco seedling, and meanwhile, the development of the root and stem of the tobacco seedling is facilitated, the seedling is promoted, the seedling is hardened, and strong seedlings are cultivated.
As shown in figure 2, the seedling tray for seedling cultivation is normally 3.5cm deep to 5.0cm, which is more beneficial to the development of the roots and stems of the tobacco seedlings;
jute paper is laid at the bottom of the seedling tray to prevent root systems from being pricked out from holes at the bottom of the seedling tray to influence the progress of disc formation; after the substrate is disinfected, water is sprayed to 60% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field (the substrate is held into a cluster by hands and can be scattered after being scattered), then the substrate is palletized and scraped, the substrate is sprayed by the atomized water, after the surface of the substrate is free from clear water, flue-cured tobacco coating seeds are dibbled by using a mold (2 seeds in each pit), or a seed bed (a product developed by oneself) is adopted to be laid on the substrate, then, the substrate is covered with floating soil, the seedling tray is placed in a seedling box or a water receiving tray which is arranged in advance, and the water level in the seedling box or the water receiving tray is preferably 1-2 cm.
The fixed-point seedling distance calculation method comprises the following steps:
the width of the seedling tray is 30cm, and when the seedling tray is divided into 12 parts, the seedling distance (cm) is 30 cm/12; when the average is 14 parts, the seedling distance (cm) is 30 cm/14; when the average is 16 parts, the seedling distance (cm) is 30 cm/16.
The optimum seedling distance for tobacco seedling raising is 3.0cm-3.5cm, the density is too large, the tobacco seedling is weak, the density is too small, and the seedling raising cost is increased. According to the range, the average is 16, the seedling is cultivated with one lattice in the middle, the requirement of the tobacco seedling growing space is most suitable, and meanwhile, in the test process, the density does not influence the disc knot of the root system of the tobacco seedling to be interwoven into a blanket.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A tobacco two-section type fixed-point plant-positioning carpet seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: calculating and designing fixed-point sowing parameters according to the operating parameters of the transplanter to perform sowing and seedling raising; the bottoms of the seedling trays are paved with jute paper, the substrates are placed in trays and scraped, and the seedlings are sowed at fixed points after sufficient moisture is sprayed;
s2: after the tobacco seedlings are sowed to 25-30 d, placing the seedling tray in a water receiving tray, or placing the seedling tray in a seedling chamber, paving plastic cloth at the bottom of the seedling chamber to prevent the added water in the seedling chamber from seeping out, and setting the water level in the water receiving tray or the seedling chamber to be 1-2 cm;
s3: lifting jute paper at the bottom of the substrate when the seedling ages are about 25-30 d, observing that the root system of the tobacco seedling at the bottom of the substrate starts to horizontally coil, placing the tobacco seedling on a seedling bed which is 80-100 cm away from the ground, and hollowing out the bed body to facilitate the bottom of the seedling tray to be transparent, so that water and water are not stored at the bottom of the tray and the air permeability is kept;
s4: seedling type management: after the tobacco seedlings are completely grown, thinning for the first time, removing redundant weak seedlings in a seedling tray, fixing 1 plant in each hole, and if the plant in the seedling tray is deficient, performing temporary planting and seedling supplementing when the 2 nd to 3 rd main leaves of the tobacco seedlings are born, namely in a big cross period, so as to ensure that the seedling tray is not deficient.
2. The two-stage fixed-point plant-setting carpet seedling raising method of tobacco as claimed in claim 1,
s1, calculating and designing the tobacco seedling fixed-point plant positioning position according to the transplanting arm operation parameters of the transplanter in order to ensure the transplanting quality, reduce the field plant shortage rate and ensure the transplanting effect of the transplanter; paving jute paper at the bottom of the seedling tray, loading the substrate into the tray and leveling; after the substrate is sprayed with enough moisture, dibbling tobacco seeds to fixed-point seedling holes by using a mould, and then sprinkling about 2mm of soil covering;
s2, after the tobacco seedlings are sown to the age of 25-30 d, before the root systems at the bottom of the tobacco seedling matrixes begin to be horizontally coiled, placing the seedling trays in a water receiving tray without holes at the bottom, or placing the seedling trays in a seedling box, paving plastic cloth at the bottom of the seedling box to prevent water added in the seedling box from permeating, wherein the water level at the bottom of the seedling tray is about 1cm and is not higher than 2cm, and the water supply condition of the seedling matrixes is known by observing the water in the water trays;
s3, when the seedlings are 25-30 d old and the root system at the bottom of the tobacco seedling substrate begins to be horizontally coiled, placing the tobacco seedlings on a seedling bed which is 80-100 cm away from the ground, wherein the bed plate is hollowed out to facilitate the bottom of the seedling tray to be transparent, water and accumulated water are not stored at the bottom of the tray, and the air permeability is kept; when the tobacco seedlings grow to the period, most root systems of the tobacco seedlings grow to the bottom of the seedling tray, and if the seedling tray is continuously put into water, the root systems can be pricked out of the tray through the holes at the bottom of the seedling tray, so that the transverse growth of the root systems is influenced and the tray becomes blanket; under the premise that the moisture supply is sufficient in 30 days and the tobacco seedlings grow neatly and consistently, the seedling tray is replaced to a seedbed capable of controlling water from a humid environment, the moisture supply at the bottom of the matrix is reduced, and the transverse growth of the root system is promoted to form a tray blanket.
3. The two-stage fixed-point plant-fixed carpet seedling raising method of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling of 0-30d in S2 is raised by wet seedling raising method: the seedling tray water management is to assist the atomization and water spraying above the seedling tray by the way of water infiltration at the bottom of the tray, and the water in the seedling tray is kept to be 70-80% of the maximum water holding capacity of the matrix field before 30 d.
4. The two-stage fixed-point plant-setting carpet seedling raising method of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedbed in S3 is made of stainless steel or bamboo.
5. The two-stage fixed-point plant-positioning carpet seedling raising method for tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein atomization and water spraying are performed once every 2d interval for tobacco seedlings in S3, and the maximum water holding capacity in the field of the substrate is kept between 60% and 70%.
6. The two-stage fixed-point plant-setting carpet seedling raising method of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the 3 rd to 5 th main leaves of tobacco seedlings are grown, aged cotyledons and the like are removed, and when 6 to 7 main leaves are grown, the lower 2 to 3 main leaves are cut, and 2/3 leaves are cut off to reach the age of 55 to 60 days.
7. The two-stage fixed-point plant-positioning carpet seedling raising method for tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein, before the tobacco plant is transplanted, the aged leaves at the lower part of the tobacco plant are removed, 2-3 new leaves at the upper part are removed, the leaves are cut, 1/2-2/3 are cut off, and the tobacco seedling is kept to be 2-3cm free from mechanical grabbing obstacles near the root-stem junction.
8. The two-stage fixed-point plant-positioning carpet seedling raising method of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, fixed-point seeding is performed, tobacco seedling position positioning is performed by adopting a calculation method, and seeding, sprinkling and covering soil about 2mm are performed after soil moisture in a seedling tray matrix is thoroughly sowed by adopting a mold for realizing positioning seeding.
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102907228A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-06 | 扬州大学 | Cultivating method of rape blanket seedlings |
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| CN103828577A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-06-04 | 扬州大学 | Seed sowing method for oilseed rape in precise quantification and locating mode |
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| CN105519391A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-27 | 苏州莲花岛生态农业专业合作社 | Seedling raising method for colored rice |
| CN107251825A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-10-17 | 南丹县烟叶生产管理局 | A kind of tobacco seedling method |
| CN109122177A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-01-04 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | Tobacco leaf moistens method for culturing seedlings from water-wet |
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2022
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| JPH11151043A (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 1999-06-08 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Raising seedling tray and raising seedling using the same |
| JP2001258319A (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-09-25 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Seedling transplanter |
| CN101699985A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for controlling water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation |
| CN102907228A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-06 | 扬州大学 | Cultivating method of rape blanket seedlings |
| CN103385106A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-11-13 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司桂阳县分公司 | Water-land two-section type flue-cured tobacco strong seedling culturing technique |
| CN103828577A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-06-04 | 扬州大学 | Seed sowing method for oilseed rape in precise quantification and locating mode |
| CN103947431A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-30 | 福建省烟草公司三明市公司 | Method for culturing seedlings with strong taproots in tobacco cultivation |
| CN204540118U (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-08-12 | 南平市烟草公司建阳分公司 | Novel drift is wet seedling-cultivating tray |
| CN105519391A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-27 | 苏州莲花岛生态农业专业合作社 | Seedling raising method for colored rice |
| CN107251825A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-10-17 | 南丹县烟叶生产管理局 | A kind of tobacco seedling method |
| CN109122177A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-01-04 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | Tobacco leaf moistens method for culturing seedlings from water-wet |
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