CN114306224A - Composite aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound formula aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes and a preparation method thereof, wherein when the compound formula aqueous solution is prepared, 1-7 parts of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves, 1-7 parts of sodium carbonate and 90-95 parts of water are taken according to parts by weight, the sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves are crushed into fragments or small granular structures, and are added with normal temperature water for soaking; adding sodium carbonate into the soaked stem and leaf solution for full dissolution to obtain a dissolved solution; heating, mixing and heating to obtain the compound formula water solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes. The invention has no toxic or side effect on the growth of freshwater fishes, has simple and convenient use method, obvious curative effect and low cost, and is suitable for various freshwater fishes under the intensive culture conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of freshwater fish feeding, in particular to a compound aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fish and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes, which is also called ichthyophthiriasis, is a parasitic disease, and is a fish invasive parasitic disease mainly caused by invasion of a plurality of ichthyophthiriasis into the skin and gill parts of fishes. The infection speed is very fast, when the ichthyophthirius multiformis parasitized in a large quantity, the fish can become dyskinesia, the appetite is reduced, the fish body is emaciated, and if the treatment is not timely, huge economic loss can be caused in a short time. The existing prevention and treatment technology for fish diseases is mainly used for prevention, and under the condition that the number of diseased fish is small and local operation can be performed, formaldehyde, methyl blue solution and glacial acetic acid can be used for immersion and washing, or chilli powder and ginger are used for boiling with water and splashing, and the like, and even forbidden medicines such as malachite green and mercurous nitrate are used in some treatment methods. The method has the disadvantages of insignificant curative effect and complex operation, or the use is prohibited by illegal drugs in China. Therefore, the ichthyophthiriasis of the freshwater fishes seriously affects the culture production of the freshwater fishes and the comprehensive economic benefit of farmers, and hinders the healthy development of aquaculture industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the compound formula water solution for preventing and treating the ichthyophthiriasis of the freshwater fishes and the preparation method thereof can effectively inhibit the biological activity, growth and reproduction of the ichthyophthiriasis of the freshwater fishes, are used for preventing and treating the ichthyophthiriasis of the freshwater fishes, and have obvious curative effect so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a compound aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes is characterized in that: the composite aqueous solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-7 parts of sun-cured tobacco stem leaves, 1-7 parts of sodium carbonate and 90-95 parts of water.
Further, the raw materials are fully mixed and heated to obtain the composite aqueous solution.
The optimal weight part ratio of the components of the composite aqueous solution is preferably as follows: 5 parts of sun-cured tobacco stem leaves, 3 parts of sodium carbonate and 92 parts of water.
A preparation method of a composite aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pulverizing and soaking stem and leaf
Crushing sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into fragments or small granular structures, and adding normal-temperature water for soaking;
s2, dissolving
Adding sodium carbonate into the soaked stem and leaf solution for full dissolution to obtain a dissolved solution;
s3, heating
Heating the dissolved solution to boil with strong fire at 150-220 ℃, decocting with medium fire at 120-150 ℃ for 15-30 min, immediately decocting with slow fire at 80-120 ℃ for 30-120 min, and thus obtaining the composite aqueous solution.
Preferably, in step S3, the strong fire heating temperature is 150 ℃, the medium fire heating temperature is 120 ℃, and the slow fire heating temperature is 80 ℃.
Preferably, in step S1, the soaking time in water at normal temperature is 30 min; in step S3, the medium fire decoction lasts 15min and the slow fire decoction lasts 80 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has no toxic or side effect on the growth of freshwater fishes, has simple and convenient use method, obvious curative effect, convenient materials and low cost, and is suitable for various freshwater fish intensive culture conditions.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the embodiments.
The invention provides a compound aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes, which is prepared by adopting a plurality of different raw material proportions as shown in table 1:
| item | Sun-cured tobacco stem (parts) | Sodium carbonate (in) | Water (share) |
| Range | 1-7 | 1-7 | 90-95 |
| Example 1 | 1 | 7 | 92 |
| Example 2 | 2 | 6 | 92 |
| Example 3 | 5 | 3 | 92 |
| Example 4 | 6 | 2 | 92 |
| Example 5 | 7 | 1 | 92 |
The raw materials with different proportions in the different embodiments are prepared by a preparation method of a compound formula aqueous solution, which comprises the following steps:
preparation of aqueous solutions of Complex formulations example one (prepared with the compounding ratios of example 3 in the above tables)
1) Dissolving 3 parts of sodium carbonate in 92 parts of water, and preparing an aqueous solution after fully dissolving;
2) crushing 5 parts of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves;
3) adding the crushed sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into the aqueous solution obtained in the step 1), uniformly mixing, and soaking for 30 min;
4) heating the obtained substance in the step 3) with strong fire at 150 ℃ to boil, then decocting with medium fire at 120 ℃ for 15min, cooling to 80 ℃, and decocting with slow fire for 30min to obtain the compound formula water solution.
Preparation of aqueous solutions of Complex formulation example two (prepared separately with the compounding ratios of examples 1 to 5 in the above tables)
1) Dissolving the corresponding sodium carbonate in the proportion parts in the tables 1-5 in the corresponding parts of water respectively, and preparing an aqueous solution after fully dissolving;
2) respectively taking and crushing the stems and leaves of the sun-cured tobacco in corresponding parts;
3) respectively adding the crushed sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into the aqueous solution corresponding to the step 1), uniformly mixing and soaking for 30 min;
4) heating the obtained substance in the step 3) with strong fire at 150 ℃ to boil, then decocting with medium fire at 120 ℃ for 15min, cooling to 80 ℃, and decocting with slow fire for 60min to obtain the compound formula water solution.
Preparation of aqueous solution of Complex formulation example III (prepared separately at the compounding ratio of example 3 in the above-mentioned Table)
1) Dissolving 3 parts of sodium carbonate in 92 parts of water, and preparing an aqueous solution after fully dissolving;
2) crushing 5 parts of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves;
3) adding the crushed sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into the aqueous solution obtained in the step 1), uniformly mixing, and soaking for 30 min;
4) heating the obtained substance in the step 3) with strong fire at 150 ℃ to boil, then decocting with medium fire at 120 ℃ for 15min, cooling to 80 ℃, and decocting with slow fire for 120min to obtain the compound formula water solution.
Experimental example 1
Firstly, experiment time: 5/15/2010, site: carp water flowers (body length 0.8-1.2 cm) are cultivated in a running water pond in a flower stream area aquaculture test field in Guizhou Guiyang city;
II, an experimental method: 20 thousands of fish per square meter of carp water bloom are put in a stocking pool, 8 cement ponds infect ichthyophthirius multifiliis, 5 months and 15 days later, the prepared liquid medicine of the compound formula is used, 5 milligrams per liter of the liquid medicine is splashed into the whole pond, and the liquid medicine is used every other day for 3 times. And other related medicines for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis are forbidden to be used.
Thirdly, experimental groups:
test solution 1: the formula is example 3, and the preparation method is that the compound formula aqueous solution is prepared as the first example;
test solution 2: the formula is example 3, and the preparation method is that the compound formula aqueous solution is prepared as the second example;
test solution 3: the formula is example 3, and the preparation method is compound formula aqueous solution preparation example three;
test solution 4: the formula is example 1, and the preparation method is that the compound formula aqueous solution is prepared as example two;
test solution 5: the formula is example 2, and the preparation method is that the compound formula aqueous solution is prepared as the second example;
test solution 6: the formula is example 4, and the preparation method is that the compound formula aqueous solution is prepared as the second example;
test solution 7: the formulation is example 5 and the preparation method is to prepare example two for the aqueous solution of the composite formulation.
Fourthly, experimental results:
the culture ponds of each experimental group have the same specification, and the stocking quantity and the stocking condition have no significant difference.
1. After 6 days of treatment, white small-point-shaped coverings on the surfaces of all diseased carp water flowers in the culture ponds using the test liquid medicines 2 and 3 groups disappear, and the results of focuses such as gills, body surfaces, fin lines and the like of the carps are examined by a microscope: the ichthyophthirius multifiliis completely shed from the fish body, the wound is healed, the diseased fish is recovered to be normal, and a better treatment effect on ichthyophthiriasis is obtained.
2. The number of white punctate coverings on the body surfaces of diseased carp water flowers in the 1-group culture pond using the test liquid medicine is reduced, and the focus results of gill, body surface, fin ray and the like are examined by a microscope: the number of the ichthyophthirius multifiliis on part of fish bodies is reduced, diseased fish does not completely recover to be normal, a certain treatment effect of ichthyophthiriasis is obtained, but the test solution 1 does not obtain the effect of completely treating the diseased fish.
The above 1 and 2 illustrate: the test liquid medicines of the groups 2 and 3 have better treatment effect on the fish ichthyophthirius multifiliis than the test liquid medicine of the group 1. The test solutions 2 and 3 can obtain the same treatment effect on the ichthyophthirius multifiliis, but the time and economic cost of the test solution 2 is lower than those of the test solution 3.
3. The number of white punctate covers on the body surfaces of diseased carp water flowers in the test solution 5 and 6 groups of culture ponds is reduced, and the disease focus results such as gill, body surface and fin ray are examined by a microscope: the number of the ichthyophthirius multifiliis on part of fish bodies is reduced, diseased fish does not completely recover to normal, and a certain treatment effect of ichthyophthiriasis is obtained, but the tested 5 and 6 groups of the test liquid have the best treatment effect on the fish.
4. White small-point-shaped coverings on the surfaces of diseased carp water flowers in the test solution 4 and 7 groups of culture ponds do not fall off, and the results of focuses, such as gills, body surfaces, fin lines and the like, are examined by a microscope: the number of the ichthyophthirius multifiliis on the fish body does not change, the diseased fish does not completely recover to be normal, and the treatment effect of ichthyophthiriasis does not exist.
The above description: the test solution 2 group has a good treatment effect on the ichthyophthiriasis of the fishes, and the test solutions 1, 3, 5 and 6 groups have a certain treatment effect on the ichthyophthiriasis of the fishes. The test solutions 4 and 7 did not have any effect on treating ichthyophthiriasis in fish.
Experimental example 2
Firstly, experiment time: day 28, 5 month 2011, site: mandarin fish species (2.0 cm in length) are cultivated in a flowing water pond in a flower and stream region aquaculture test field in Guizhou Guiyang city.
II, an experimental method: 30 mandarin fish seeds per square meter are bred, 8 cement ponds infect ichthyophthirius multifiliis, the prepared liquid medicine with the compound formula is used after 5 months and 28 days, the liquid medicine is splashed into the whole pond with the concentration of 5 mg/L, and the liquid medicine is used every other day for 3 times. And other related medicines for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis are forbidden to be used.
Thirdly, experimental groups:
the test solutions 1 to 7 used were the same as those in the experimental examples.
Fourthly, experimental results:
the culture ponds of each experimental group have the same specification, and the stocking quantity and the stocking condition have no significant difference.
1. After 6 days of treatment, white punctate coverings on the surfaces of all disease mandarin fish species in the culture ponds using the test liquid medicines of 2 and 3 groups disappear, and focal results such as gill, body surface, fin and the like are examined by a microscope: the ichthyophthirius multifiliis completely shed from the fish body, the wound is healed, the diseased fish is recovered to be normal, and a better treatment effect on ichthyophthiriasis is obtained.
2. The amount of white punctate coverings on the surfaces of the mandarin fish species in the 1 group of culture ponds using the test liquid is reduced, and the focus results of gill, surface, fin and the like are examined by a microscope: the number of the ichthyophthirius multifiliis on part of fish bodies is reduced, diseased fish does not completely recover to be normal, a certain treatment effect of ichthyophthiriasis is obtained, but the test solution 1 does not obtain the effect of completely treating the diseased fish.
The above 1 and 2 illustrate: the test liquid medicines of the groups 2 and 3 have better treatment effect on the fish ichthyophthirius multifiliis than the test liquid medicine of the group 1. The test solutions 2 and 3 can obtain the same treatment effect on the ichthyophthirius multifiliis, but the time and economic cost of the test solution 2 is lower than those of the test solution 3.
3. The quantity of white punctate coverings on the surfaces of the mandarin fish species in the culture ponds for the test solutions 5 and 6 is reduced, and the results of focuses on gills, surfaces, fin strips and the like are examined by a microscope: the number of the ichthyophthirius multifiliis on part of fish bodies is reduced, diseased fish does not completely recover to normal, and a certain treatment effect of ichthyophthiriasis is obtained, but the tested 5 and 6 groups of the test liquid have the best treatment effect on the fish.
4. White punctate coverings on the surfaces of the mandarin fish species in the test solution 4 and the test solution 7 groups of culture ponds do not fall off, and the focal results of gill, surface, fin and the like of the mandarin fish are examined by a microscope: the number of the ichthyophthirius multifiliis on the fish body does not change, the diseased fish does not completely recover to be normal, and the treatment effect of ichthyophthiriasis does not exist.
The above description: the test solution 2 group has a good treatment effect on the ichthyophthiriasis of the fishes, and the test solutions 1, 3, 5 and 6 groups have a certain treatment effect on the ichthyophthiriasis of the fishes. The test solutions 4 and 7 did not have any effect on treating ichthyophthiriasis in fish.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A compound aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes is characterized in that: the composite aqueous solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-7 parts of sun-cured tobacco stem leaves, 1-7 parts of sodium carbonate and 90-95 parts of water.
2. The compound aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and fully mixing and heating the raw materials to obtain the composite aqueous solution.
3. The compound aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the optimal weight part ratio of the components of the composite aqueous solution is as follows: 5 parts of sun-cured tobacco stem leaves, 3 parts of sodium carbonate and 92 parts of water.
4. A preparation method of a composite aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pulverizing and soaking stem and leaf
Crushing sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into fragments or small granular structures, and adding normal-temperature water for soaking;
s2, dissolving
Adding sodium carbonate into the soaked stem and leaf solution for full dissolution to obtain a dissolved solution;
s3, heating
And heating the dissolved solution to boil with strong fire at 150 ℃, then decocting with medium fire at 120 ℃ for 15-30 min, then immediately turning to low fire at 80 ℃ and decocting for 30-120 min to obtain the compound aqueous solution.
5. The preparation method of the compound aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step S1, soaking in water at normal temperature for 30 min; in step S3, the medium fire decoction lasts 15min and the slow fire decoction lasts 80 min.
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Citations (2)
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| CN105878564A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Chinese herbal medicine complex formula for preventing and treating freshwater fish dermatomycosis and preparation method |
| CN113633699A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-12 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105878564A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Chinese herbal medicine complex formula for preventing and treating freshwater fish dermatomycosis and preparation method |
| CN113633699A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-12 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and preparation method thereof |
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| 付佩胜: "《淡水鱼健康养殖技术》", 31 March 2013, 中国农业大学出版社 * |
| 佚名: "如何使用烟叶、烟丝防治水产动物疾病", 《鱼塘增氧控制器HTTP://WWW.YUGONGZENGYANG.COM/NEWS.ASPX?NID=446》 * |
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