WO2012079425A1

WO2012079425A1 - Biological control method for controlling prawn disease by clarias leather

Info

Publication number: WO2012079425A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/081214
Authority: WO
Inventors: 何建国; 陈勇贵; 翁少萍
Original assignee: 中山大学
Priority date: 2010-12-16
Filing date: 2011-10-25
Publication date: 2012-06-21
Also published as: CN102077795A

Abstract

A biological control method for controlling prawn diseases by Clarias leather comprises introducing Clarias leather to a prawn culturing zone, to prevent the prawn infectious diseases and improve the survival of prawns. Through the method, the spread of prawn diseases in healthy prawn population can be prevented, thereby reducing the work load of manual removal of diseased prawns and dead prawns, improving the removal efficiency and the culture success rate, and bringing great economic benefits to a culturist.

Description

Biological control method for controlling rape disease by leather beard

The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for prawn culture for biological control by adding a leather beard. Background technique

Shrimp is the mainstay of China's aquaculture industry. It has developed rapidly in recent years. By 2009, the aquaculture production was 1,330,000 tons, and the output value exceeded 30 billion yuan. The export of foreign exchange earned the first amount of aquatic products in China, reaching US$1.23 billion. Shrimp aquaculture has become the target industry for the adjustment of agricultural industry structure in China.

However, shrimp disease remains a major bottleneck in the development of the shrimp farming industry. The outbreak of infectious diseases of shrimp has a certain relationship with the habit of the shrimp itself. In the process of shrimp culture, due to the deterioration of environmental conditions, individual physiques with weak constitution and poor disease resistance firstly plague or even die. The latter are preyed by healthy individuals, resulting in the transmission of infectious pathogens (bacteria/virus) within the shrimp population. Caused the outbreak of shrimp disease. How to promptly and thoroughly remove the diseased shrimp in the shrimp culture pond has become one of the key technologies to control the outbreak of shrimp disease.

The problem of shrimp disease remains the main bottleneck for the development of shrimp farming. The current main measures to solve the problem of shrimp disease include improving the disease resistance of shrimp, improving the environment of shrimp culture and cutting off the path of disease of shrimp disease. However, since the outbreak of white spot syndrome in 1992, there has still been no practical way to completely prevent the outbreak of shrimp disease worldwide. The outbreak of shrimp disease has caused serious economic losses to the shrimp farming industry in China. It is estimated that the annual economic loss is as high as 3 billion yuan.

Removal of diseased shrimp in shrimp culture ponds is one way to prevent the spread of shrimp disease. However, the current method of artificially removing sick shrimps has limitations such as untimely detection and incomplete removal, and it is difficult to control the outbreak of infectious diseases of shrimps. In addition, there are some shrimp farming methods in the industry that use the method of fish and shrimp polyculture to prevent and control shrimp diseases. However, due to the inability to take the right approach to the selection of fish species, quantity, size and timing, it is often not possible to achieve the desired results. Summary of the invention The object of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for improving the survival rate of shrimps according to the problems of rapid spread of shrimp infectious diseases and incomplete and untimely removal of sick shrimps.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A biological control method for controlling shrimp diseases by using a leather beard, comprising the following steps:

(1) Putting 50-100,000 fish/mu of shrimp in the cultured shrimp pond;

(2) Shrimp culture 20 to 30 days later, 20-30 tails of leather beard will be placed per acre.

(3) Conventional culture.

As a preferred embodiment, in the above method, the leather beard has a body length of 20 cm and a body weight of 500 g. As a preferred solution, in the above method, the water in the cultured shrimp pond is brackish water with a salinity of 0-6.

As a preferred embodiment, in the above method, the shrimp is a shrimp suitable for breeding in a salinity of 0 to 6. Further, the shrimp is P. vannamei, P. monodon, Chinese prawns, Macrobrachium rosenbergii or prawn.

In a preferred embodiment, in the above method, the temperature of the culture water body is 16 to 36 °C.

5。 The pH of the aquaculture water is 7. 5~9. </ RTI> The ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture water is 0.50 mg / L, in the aquaculture water body.

。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。. The present invention has determined the above methods through a large number of experiments, taking into account the feeding habits of the leather beard, the spread of shrimp disease, and current shrimp farming techniques.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) It has been proved by a large number of experiments that each 500g of weighted beard has a better effect on feeding sick, weak and dead shrimp in the shrimp culture pond;

(2) The leather beard squats in the shrimp pond. It can be found in healthy shrimps and eaten sick, weak and dead shrimps. It can prevent healthy shrimp from feeding sick shrimps, thus avoiding the spread of shrimp diseases in healthy shrimps;

(3) The leather beard can timely discover and ingest sick and dead shrimps, reduce the workload of removing dead shrimps from artificial patrol ponds, improve the efficiency of clearing sick shrimps, and improve the success rate of breeding;

(4) The use of leather beard to prevent and control the outbreak of prawn diseases and reduce the use of various drugs for the prevention and treatment of shrimp diseases. On the one hand, it is conducive to the protection of the ecological environment; (5) The leather beard is also an economic fish. The introduction of leather beard in the shrimp pond brings greater economic benefits to the shrimp farmers. detailed description

The invention is further explained by the following examples, but the examples are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

Example

1. According to the normal management method of shrimp culture, after the water is cultivated, the shrimp seedlings of about 1.0 cm are placed, with 50,000 to 100,000 per acre, preferably 8 to 100,000 tails. Further breeding experiments have shown that the number of shrimps to be placed is 5 to 100,000 per mu, especially 5 to 80,000 per mu, which can achieve good control of shrimp infections. Therefore, any simple modification and variation of the amount of the shrimp seedlings on the basis of the spirit of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention. The "normal management method" as referred to herein refers to the general conventional technical operation used by those skilled in the art for shrimp culture, and can be specifically referred to the instruction manual on shrimp culture. 5米。 The water depth is preferably 0. 5-2. 5 meters. Since the leather beard is not suitable for living in a water having a salinity of more than 6, the aquaculture water of the present invention has a salinity in the range of 0 to 6. If the salinity of the aquaculture water is greater than 6, the salinity can be controlled within the above range by adding fresh water to reduce the salinity. The term "saltness" as used herein means the total amount (by weight) of dissolved salts in water, expressed in parts per thousand, which is generally not numerically represented by a numerical value. 5 mg/L, nitrous oxide 0. 05mg/L, nitrite nitrogen 0. 05mg/ The other physicochemical factors of the shrimp culture water body: the temperature is preferably 16~36 ° C, the pH is preferably 7. 5~9. 5, dissolved oxygen. 20mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0. 50mg / L, nitrite nitrogen 0. 05mg / L.

2, timely delivery of leather beard. Shrimp cultured until about 20 to 30 days, before the outbreak of shrimp disease, the leather beard was placed. In the breeding process, due to the shrimp seedlings themselves, large-scale deaths occur in the early stage of breeding. It is not necessary to release the leather beard. Therefore, when the culture is generally carried out until 20 to 30 days, the shrimps are stabilized and then the leather beard is placed. The number of leathered beards is preferably 20~30 tails/mu. However, further tests have shown that the number of leathered beards is 20~50/mu, especially 40~50/mu. The effect of preventing and controlling shrimp infectious diseases. Therefore, any modification or variation of the amount of the leather beard placed on the basis of the spirit of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention. However, it should be noted that because the leather beard is more ferocious, it can also feed a certain amount of live shrimp, so the quantity to be administered should be strictly controlled, and it should not be put into a large amount to avoid the problem of small survival rate of farmed shrimp at the time of harvest; Due to the rapid growth of the leather beard, the length of each tail is about 20 cm and the body weight is about 500 g.

3. A breeding company in Fuqing City, Fujian Province used this method to conduct shrimp culture experiments. The total area of the shrimp farm is more than 1000 mu. In the middle and late April of 2010, the shrimp seedlings of the vannamei will be put into the market. The stocking density will be 5~100,000/mu. In May, 20 tails will be placed per acre. The length of each tail is about 20cm. The leather beard mites weighing about 500g are used for biological control of shrimp diseases. According to the routine daily management, the shrimp cages were collected in batches in September, and the basic harvest was completed in November. The size of the shrimp is 40~70 tails/kg. The average yield of whole shrimp is about 600kg/mu. The production of leather beard is about 50kg/mu. In 2010, there was no outbreak of shrimp disease in the whole audience. The success rate of shrimp farming around the test site is only 30-50%.

Claims

Claim

A biological control method for controlling shrimp diseases by a leather beard, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

(1) placing 5 to 100,000 fish per mu of shrimp in a cultured shrimp pond;

(2) Shrimp culture 20~30 days after the release of 20~30 leather beards per acre;

(3) Conventional culture.

2. The biological control method for controlling shrimp disease by a leather beard according to claim 1, wherein the leather beard has a body length of 20 cm and a body weight of 500 g.

3. The biological control method for controlling shrimp diseases by the leather beard according to claim 1, wherein the water in the cultured shrimp pond is brackish water with a salinity of 0 to 6.

4. The biological control method for controlling shrimp disease by a leather beard according to claim 1, wherein the shrimp is a shrimp suitable for breeding in a salinity of 0 to 6.

The biological control method for controlling shrimp diseases by the leather beard according to claim 4, wherein the shrimps are vannamei, P. monodon, Chinese prawns, Macrobrachium rosenbergii or shrimp.

6. The biological control method for controlling shrimp disease by a leather beard according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the culture water is 16 to 36 °C.

5。 The pH of the aquaculture water is 7. 5~9. 5.

8. The biological control method for controlling shrimp disease by a leather beard according to claim 1, characterized in that dissolved oxygen in the culture water body is 2. Omg/L o

The method for controlling biological control of prawn diseases by the leather beard licking according to claim 1, wherein the aquaculture water has an ammonia nitrogen of 0.50 mg/L.

The nitrite nitrogen in the aquaculture water is 0. 05 mg / L. The method of controlling the prawn disease by the leather beard licking.