CN113633699A - Biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/14—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/81—Solanaceae (Potato family), e.g. tobacco, nightshade, tomato, belladonna, capsicum or jimsonweed
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish feeding, and particularly relates to a biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biochemical preparation formula is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 to 0.3 portion of potassium chloride, 0.2 to 0.5 portion of calcium chloride, 2.0 to 6.0 portions of sodium carbonate, 2.0 to 7.0 portions of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 70 to 110 portions of water. The Chinese herbal medicine composition has the advantages of simple formula, convenient material acquisition, low cost, no toxic or side effect on the growth of aquatic animals and plants, small dosage, simple preparation method and easy operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish feeding, and particularly relates to a formula of a biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fish dermatomycosis is also called as leukotrichia, is a parasitic mycosis, is mainly caused by the surface of a fish body parasitic by fungi, the existing prevention and treatment technology of the fish disease is mainly used for prevention, and under the condition that the number of diseased fish is small and the fish body can be locally operated, the fish can be soaked by an iodine-containing disinfectant, or the fish body can be prevented and treated by edible salt, potassium permanganate, oral antibacterial drugs, and the like, and even some forbidden drugs, namely malachite green, are used. The method has the defects of insignificant curative effect and complex operation, or has safety accidents of using forbidden drugs and the like.
Patent CN103041332A discloses a pure traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating fish saprolegniasis and a preparation method thereof, wherein the pure traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by mixing and extracting the following components in parts by weight: 25-45 parts of gallnut, 25-35 parts of calamus, 25-45 parts of polygonum hydropiper, 15-25 parts of ginger, 25-35 parts of tobacco leaves, 15-35 parts of salt, 20-40 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 15-35 parts of wrinkled gianthyssop herb.
The patent CN105878564A discloses a Chinese herbal medicine compound formula for preventing and treating skin mildew of freshwater fishes and a preparation method thereof, wherein 5-15 parts of tobacco leaves, 2-8 parts of sodium chloride and 20-40 parts of water are taken according to parts by weight, and the Chinese herbal medicine compound formula for preventing and treating skin mildew of freshwater fishes is obtained by mixing and heating the raw materials.
Therefore, the search for a novel, green and environment-friendly and economically efficient skin mildew inhibitor is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a formula of a biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a first object of the present invention is to provide: a biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 to 0.3 portion of potassium chloride, 0.2 to 0.5 portion of calcium chloride, 2.0 to 6.0 portions of sodium carbonate, 2.0 to 7.0 portions of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 70 to 110 portions of water.
Further preferably, the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.25 part of potassium chloride, 0.35 part of calcium chloride, 3.8 parts of sodium carbonate, 4.6 parts of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 91 parts of water.
A second object of the present invention is to provide: a preparation method of a biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in water, and preparing a mixed solution after fully dissolving;
2) crushing sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves;
3) adding the crushed sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and soaking for 30 min;
4) heating the obtained substance in the step 3) to boil, cooling to 80 ℃ after 2min, and decocting while keeping the temperature.
Further preferably, the product obtained in step 3) is heated to 100 ℃.
The heat preservation and decoction time is 1-2 h.
The biochemical preparation for preventing and treating the fish skin mildew is used for preventing the fish skin mildew, and 3mg of the biochemical preparation for preventing and treating the fish skin mildew is splashed according to the water amount per liter.
The biochemical preparation for preventing and treating the fish skin mildew is used for treating the fish skin mildew, and 5mg of the biochemical preparation for preventing and treating the fish skin mildew is splashed according to the water amount per liter.
Has the advantages that:
the biochemical preparation has the advantages of simple formula, convenient material acquisition and low cost.
The biochemical preparation formula of the invention has simple preparation method and easy operation.
The biochemical preparation prepared according to the formula and the preparation method disclosed by the invention can prevent and treat fish skin mildew, has no toxic or side effect on the growth of aquatic animals and plants, and is high in safety and small in dosage.
The test shows that: the biochemical preparation can inhibit the propagation and growth of fungi and kill harmful bacteria, further has broad-spectrum bacteriostasis and insecticidal property, and can promote the rapid healing of fish wounds. Meanwhile, the fertilizer has no toxic or side effect on the growth of aquatic animals and plants.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.
Examples 1 to 9
A biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis is shown in a table 1:
TABLE 1
Example 11
A biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) dissolving potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in water, and preparing a mixed solution after fully dissolving;
2) crushing sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves;
3) adding the crushed sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and soaking for 30 min;
4) heating the obtained product in the step 3) to boil, cooling to 80 ℃ after 2min, and decocting for 1.0h under the condition of heat preservation.
Example 12
A biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) dissolving potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in water, and preparing a mixed solution after fully dissolving;
2) crushing sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves;
3) adding the crushed sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and soaking for 30 min;
4) heating the obtained product in the step 3) to boil, cooling to 80 ℃ after 2min, and then decocting for 0.5h under heat preservation.
Experimental example 1
Firstly, experiment time: 4 months-6 months in 2019, location: carrying out pond culture on the silver carp seeds in the pond of southwest county, cupren city, Guizhou province;
II, an experimental method: breeding 9-10 cm of spotted silver carp seeds, and sprinkling the whole pool periodically (15 days per month) in the whole time period of the breeding process according to the ratio of the test solution/pool water of 3mg/L, and forbidding using other related medicines for preventing and treating saprolegniasis;
thirdly, experimental groups:
test solution 1: the formulation is example 1 and the preparation method is example 12;
test solution 2: the formulation is example 1 and the preparation method is example 11;
test solution 3: the formulation is example 2, the preparation is according to example 11, without addition of potassium chloride;
test solution 4: the formulation is example 3, the preparation process is according to example 11, without addition of calcium chloride;
test solution 5: the formulation is example 4, the preparation process is according to example 11, without addition of sodium carbonate;
test solution 6: formulation example 5, preparation method reference example 11, step 1);
test solution 7 (blank control group): the formulation is example 6;
test solution 8: formulation example 7, preparation method reference example 11, steps 2) -4);
test solution 9: the formula is as in example 8, the preparation method is to take sodium carbonate to dissolve in water, get after fully dissolving;
test solution 10: the formula is as in example 9, the preparation method is to take calcium chloride to dissolve in water, get after fully dissolving;
test solution 11: the formula is as in example 10, and the preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving potassium chloride in water, and obtaining the potassium chloride after full dissolution;
test solution 12: the formula comprises 0.25g of potassium chloride, 0.35g of calcium chloride, 3.8g of sodium chloride, 4.6g of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 91g of water, the preparation method refers to example 11, and specifically sodium carbonate is replaced by sodium chloride;
fourthly, experimental results:
the culture ponds of each experimental group have the same specification, and the stocking quantity and the stocking condition have no significant difference. After 3 months of preventive use, the spotted silver carp seeds cultured in the test solution 2 groups have no skin mildew, the test solutions 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 groups have slight skin mildew, and the test solutions 7, 9, 10 and 11 groups have severe skin mildew. The above description: the test solution 2 group had a good skin mold preventive effect, the test solutions 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 12 groups had a certain skin mold preventive effect, and the test solutions 7, 9, 10, and 11 groups had no skin mold preventive effect.
Experimental example 2
Firstly, experiment time: 19/2019/4/25/2019, location: carrying out pond carp culture in the first town of a pond in southwest county, cupren city, Guizhou province;
II, an experimental method: breeding 300 g of large-size carp seeds infected with skin mildew caused by injury on the body surface, splashing the whole pool at the ratio of 5mg/L of test liquid medicine/pool water after 19 months from 4, continuously using for 3 times every other day, and strictly forbidding to use other related medicines for preventing and treating the skin mildew;
thirdly, experimental groups:
test solution 1: the formulation is example 1 and the preparation method is example 12;
test solution 2: the formulation is example 1 and the preparation method is example 11;
test solution 3: the formulation is example 2, the preparation is according to example 11, without addition of potassium chloride;
test solution 4: the formulation is example 3, the preparation process is according to example 11, without addition of calcium chloride;
test solution 5: the formulation is example 4, the preparation process is according to example 11, without addition of sodium carbonate;
test solution 6: formulation example 5, preparation method reference example 11, step 1);
test solution 7 (blank control group): the formulation is example 6;
test solution 8: formulation example 7, preparation method reference example 11, steps 2) -4);
test solution 9: the formula is as in example 8, the preparation method is to take sodium carbonate to dissolve in water, get after fully dissolving;
test solution 10: the formula is as in example 9, the preparation method is to take calcium chloride to dissolve in water, get after fully dissolving;
test solution 11: the formula is as in example 10, and the preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving potassium chloride in water, and obtaining the potassium chloride after full dissolution;
test solution 12: the formula comprises 0.25g of potassium chloride, 0.35g of calcium chloride, 3.8g of sodium chloride, 4.6g of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 91g of water, the preparation method refers to example 11, and specifically sodium carbonate is replaced by sodium chloride;
fourthly, experimental results:
the culture ponds of each experimental group have the same specification, and the stocking quantity and the stocking condition have no significant difference. After 6 days of treatment, all the skin mildew hyphae of the diseased carps in the test solution 2 group culture pond fall off, the off-white flocculent covering substance disappears, the wound is healed, and the diseased carps are recovered to be normal; part of hypha of diseased fish in the culture ponds of the test liquid medicines 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 groups drop off a little, the area of the off-white flocculent cover is reduced, and the diseased fish does not return to normal; all the skin mildew hyphae of the diseased fish in the culture ponds of the test solutions 7, 9, 10 and 11 groups do not fall off, the covering of the gray white like cotton wool does not change, the wound does not heal, and the diseased fish does not recover to be normal. The above description: the test liquid 2 groups have good skin mildew treatment effect, and the test liquid 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 groups have certain skin mildew treatment effect. The test solutions 7, 9, 10 and 11 did not have any therapeutic effect on dermatomycosis.
Experimental example 3
Firstly, experiment time: 11/5/2009-11/2009, site: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out pond culture on white spot pikes in an aquaculture test field in Huaxi region of Guizhou Guiyang city;
II, an experimental method: breeding part of white spot dog fish with skin mold infected by body surface injury, splashing the whole pool at the ratio of 5mg/L of test liquid medicine/pool water after 11 months and 5 days, continuously using for 3 times every other day, and strictly forbidding to use other related medicines for preventing and treating skin mold;
thirdly, experimental groups:
test solution 1: the formulation is example 1 and the preparation method is example 12;
test solution 2: the formulation is example 1 and the preparation method is example 11;
test solution 3: the formulation is example 2, the preparation is according to example 11, without addition of potassium chloride;
test solution 4: the formulation is example 3, the preparation process is according to example 11, without addition of calcium chloride;
test solution 5: the formulation is example 4, the preparation process is according to example 11, without addition of sodium carbonate;
test solution 6: formulation example 5, preparation method reference example 11, step 1);
test solution 7 (blank control group): the formulation is example 6;
test solution 8: formulation example 7, preparation method reference example 11, steps 2) -4);
test solution 9: the formula is as in example 8, the preparation method is to take sodium carbonate to dissolve in water, get after fully dissolving;
test solution 10: the formula is as in example 9, the preparation method is to take calcium chloride to dissolve in water, get after fully dissolving;
test solution 11: the formula is as in example 10, and the preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving potassium chloride in water, and obtaining the potassium chloride after full dissolution;
test solution 12: the formula comprises 0.25g of potassium chloride, 0.35g of calcium chloride, 3.8g of sodium chloride, 4.6g of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 91g of water, the preparation method refers to example 11, and specifically sodium carbonate is replaced by sodium chloride;
fifthly, experimental results: the culture ponds of each experimental group have the same specification, and the stocking quantity and the stocking condition have no significant difference. After 6 days of treatment, all the skin mold hyphae of the diseased fishes in the test solution 2 group culture pond fall off, the off-white flocculent covering substance disappears, the wound is healed, and the diseased fishes are recovered to be normal; part of hypha of diseased fish in the culture ponds of the test liquid medicines 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 groups drop off a little, the area of the off-white flocculent cover is reduced, and the diseased fish does not return to normal; all the skin mildew hyphae of the diseased fish in the culture ponds of the test solutions 7, 9, 10 and 11 groups do not fall off, the covering of the gray white like cotton wool does not change, the wound does not heal, and the diseased fish does not recover to be normal. The above description: the test liquid 2 groups have good skin mildew treatment effect, and the test liquid 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 groups have certain skin mildew treatment effect. The test solutions 7, 9, 10 and 11 did not have any therapeutic effect on dermatomycosis.
Experimental example 4
Firstly, experiment time: 1/5/2017-7/5/2017, and the location: laboratory of aquatic research institute in Huaxi district of Guiyang city, Guizhou province;
II, experimental method and result: selecting 25L of glass fiber reinforced plastic to breed spotted silver carps of about 2.0 cm, pre-culturing the spotted silver carps indoors for 1 week before a test, wherein the spotted silver carps grow normally without death and all fish diseases during the pre-culturing period, stopping feeding 1d before the test, and not feeding in the test; the water for the test is tap water which is stored and is subjected to aeration dechlorination treatment for 24 hours, 10 silver carps with flowers are put into each test cylinder, and the water temperature is adjusted to be about 22.5 ℃; and keeping continuous aeration for oxygen supply. Use of test solution 2: the formulation is example 1 and the preparation method is example 11; 6 groups of test liquid medicines with different concentrations of 50mg/L, 10mg/L, 5mg/L, 2.5mg/L and 1mg/L are set, and the liquid medicines are continuously put every other day for 3 times. After 1 week of culture test, the spotted silver carps grow normally without death and all fish diseases.
Claims (7)
1. The formula of the biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 to 0.3 portion of potassium chloride, 0.2 to 0.5 portion of calcium chloride, 2.0 to 6.0 portions of sodium carbonate, 2.0 to 7.0 portions of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 70 to 110 portions of water.
2. The biochemical preparation formula for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.25 part of potassium chloride, 0.35 part of calcium chloride, 3.8 parts of sodium carbonate, 4.6 parts of sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves and 91 parts of water.
3. The method for preparing a biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
1) dissolving potassium chloride, calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in water, and preparing a mixed solution after fully dissolving;
2) crushing sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves;
3) adding the crushed sun-cured tobacco stems and leaves into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and soaking for 30 min;
4) heating the obtained substance in the step 3) to boil for 2min, and then cooling to 80 ℃ for heat preservation and decoction.
4. The formulation of biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis according to claim 3, wherein the resultant of step 3) is heated to 100 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish dermatomycosis as claimed in claim 3, wherein the time of heat preservation and decoction is 1-2 h.
6. The biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish skin mildew as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is used for preventing and treating fish skin mildew, and is used for sprinkling 3mg of the biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish skin mildew according to water amount per liter.
7. The biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish skin mildew as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is used for treating fish skin mildew, and is used for preventing and treating fish skin mildew by sprinkling 5mg of biochemical preparation for preventing and treating fish skin mildew according to water amount per liter.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114306224A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Composite aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103041332A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-17 | 青岛绿曼生物工程有限公司 | Pure Chinese medicinal composition for treating fish saprolegniasis and preparation method thereof |
| CN105878564A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Chinese herbal medicine complex formula for preventing and treating freshwater fish dermatomycosis and preparation method |
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2021
- 2021-09-10 CN CN202111062130.4A patent/CN113633699A/en active Pending
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| CN102065851A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2011-05-18 | 纳米生物公司 | Nanoemulsions for treating fungal, yeast and mold infections |
| CN103041332A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-17 | 青岛绿曼生物工程有限公司 | Pure Chinese medicinal composition for treating fish saprolegniasis and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114306224A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州省水产研究所 | Composite aqueous solution for preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis of freshwater fishes and preparation method thereof |
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