CN114246860A - 2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 - Google Patents
2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/365—Lactones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D407/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00
- C07D407/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学和药理学技术领域,涉及一种2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
背景技术
恶性肿瘤―癌症已成为常见并且严重威胁人类生命和生活质量的主要疾病之一。目前临床所用的细胞毒性抗肿瘤药物选择性不高,导致较大的副作用。因此,寻找和发现高效低毒的新型抗肿瘤药物是目前的研究热点。
植物来源的抗肿瘤药物在临床治疗中占有重要的地位。近些年研究发现天然木脂素山荷叶素的D-木糖糖苷Cleistanthin-A和D-喹诺糖苷Patentiflorin A都具有较强的抗肿瘤活性,体外抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性IC50值在纳摩尔水平,作用机制为抑制V型ATP酶,逆转实体瘤酸性微环境。但是此类山荷叶素天然糖苷具有提取、合成难度大,毒副作用大等缺点,难以进入临床开发。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,细胞实验结果表明该化合物对三种肿瘤细胞株:人结肠癌细胞(HT-29),人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7),人肝癌细胞(HepG2)具有一定的抑制肿瘤细胞生长活性,可成为潜在的抗肿瘤药物。
本发明提供了一种具有式(I)所示结构的2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,
其中,n表示直链亚烷基的碳原子数,n=3或6;甲基为直立或平伏键,糖苷键为直立或平伏键。即甲基为R型或S型,糖苷键为α构型或β构型。
进一步的,所述的一种2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素具有如式4a-4d中任意一项所示的结构:
其中,
n=3,R为实楔键的甲基,糖苷键为实楔键时,该2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素为式4a所示结构的化合物;
n=3,R为虚楔键的甲基,糖苷键为实楔键时,该2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素为式4b所示结构的化合物;
n=6,R为虚楔键的甲基,糖苷键为虚楔键时,该2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素为式4c所示结构的化合物;
n=6,R为实楔键的甲基,糖苷键为实楔键时,该2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素为式4d所示结构的化合物;
进一步的,上述2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素的制备方法:由山荷叶素与3-溴丙醇或6-溴己醇在碳酸钾的存在下,在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中反应而得到中间体1。中间体1在干燥的二氯甲烷中,与相应的叔丁基碳酸酯基吡喃酮在钯催化剂和三苯基磷存在下进行烯丙基糖苷化反应得到中间体2。中间体2在三氯化铈的存在下,在甲醇中与硼氢化钠进行Luche还原反应得到中间体3。中间体3在甲醇中进行钯碳氢气还原双键得到2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素4。
该制备方法的反应式为:
其中,n表示直链亚烷基的碳原子数,n=3或6。
上述的式(I)结构中甲基为直立或平伏键,糖苷键为直立或平伏键,即甲基为R型或S型,糖苷键为α构型或β构型。
该制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将山荷叶素溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入无水碳酸钾,溴代醇,室温下进行反应12h,得第一反应液,将所述第一反应液用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到中间体1,所述的山荷叶素、无水碳酸钾、溴代醇的摩尔比为1:5:1.5;
(2)将上述中间体1溶于二氯甲烷中,加入吡喃酮碳酸酯、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三苯基磷,25℃条件下反应12h,得第二反应液,将所述第二反应液用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到中间体2;所述的中间体1、吡喃酮碳酸酯、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三苯基磷的摩尔比为1:0.8:0.02:0.08;
(3)将上述中间体2溶于甲醇中,加入硼氢化钠和三氯化铈,-78℃反应2.5h,得第三反应液,将所述第三反应液浓缩,然后用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到中间体3,所述的中间体2、三氯化铈、硼氢化钠的摩尔比为1:0.4:2;
(4)将上述中间体3溶于甲醇中,氮气保护下加入钯碳,在氢气中,25℃条件下反应6h,得第四反应液,将所述第四反应液浓缩,然后用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素4,所述的中间体3、钯碳的摩尔比为1:0.1;
其中,所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙醚和苯中的至少一种;所述的溴代醇为3-溴丙醇或6-溴己醇。
进一步的,所述肿瘤为结肠癌、乳腺癌和肝癌中的一种。
与现有技术相比,本发明中提供的的一种2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素,此类化合物结构中糖苷键构型、烷基连接臂长度,脱氧糖构型可控并且容易制备。并且通过体外肿瘤细胞增殖抑制实验发现此类细胞毒活性稍弱于或与阳性对照紫杉醇相当,可应用于防治结肠癌、乳腺癌及肝癌的药物的制备。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1为本发明实施例1提供的2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素(4b)的核磁共振1H谱图;
图2为本发明实施例1提供的2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素(4b)的核磁共振13C谱图。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
将380mg(1mmol)的山荷叶素溶于10mL的DMF中,依次加入3-溴丙醇(1.5mmol),碳酸钾(690mg,5mmol),反应液室温下搅拌过夜。反应结束后,将反应液减压浓缩,加入20mL乙酸乙酯,然后依次水洗、饱和食盐水洗,MgSO4干燥,减压干燥,柱层析(石油醚:石油醚=1:1)得到中间体1a,产率72%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.57(s,1H,ArH),7.04(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,ArH),6.97(s,1H,ArH),6.89(d,J=1.6Hz,1H,ArH),6.77(dd,J=7.9,1.7Hz,1H,ArH),6.13(s,2H,OCH2),5.61(s,2H,OCH2),4.66(t,J=5.1Hz,1H,OH),4.34(t,J=6.2Hz,2H,OCH2),3.95(s,3H,OCH3),3.73(td,J=6.1,5.0Hz,2H,OCH2),3.66(s,3H,OCH3),1.99(dd,J=6.8,5.5Hz,2H,CH2).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ169.6,151.7,150.4,147.4,147.3,147.0,133.4,130.0,128.9,126.1,126.0,124.1,119.4,111.3,108.4,106.0,101.6,101.1,69.3,67.1,57.8,56.0,55.7,33.4.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd for C24H23O8:439.1393;found:439.1393[M+H]+.
实施例2
将吡喃酮碳酸酯(0.5mmol)与中间体Ia(0.6mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷,0℃下依次加入Pd2(dba)3(0.0125mmol),三苯基磷(0.05mmol),室温反应12小时。TLC检测反应结束,反应液加入20mL乙酸乙酯稀释,然后依次水洗、饱和食盐水洗,MgSO4干燥,减压干燥,柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)得到中间体2a,产率81%。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.54(s,1H,ArH),7.07(s,1H,ArH),6.95(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,1H,CH=CH),6.87-6.79(m,2H,ArH),6.79(ddd,J=7.9,3.5,1.7Hz,1H,ArH),6.09(d,J=10.2Hz,1H,CH=CH),,6.06(dd,J=18.4,1.4Hz,2H,CH2),5.48(s,2H,CH2),5.24(d,J=3.5Hz,1H,CH),4.49(q,J=6.8Hz,1H,CH),4.35(t,J=6.2Hz,2H,OCH2),4.17(dt,J=9.8,6.1Hz,1H,OCH2),4.06(s,3H,OCH3),3.91(dt,J=9.8,6.2Hz,1H,OCH2),3.81(s,3H,OCH3),2.26(pd,J=6.1,2.0Hz,2H,CH2),1.34(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,CH3).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ196.7,169.6,151.6,150.3,147.5,147.5,146.8,143.1,134.6,130.7,128.4,127.5,126.3,125.3,123.6,119.3,110.7,108.2,106.2,101.2,100.5,93.3,70.5,69.1,66.6,65.6,56.0,55.9,30.6,15.3.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd for C30H29O10:549.1761;found:549.1765[M+H]+.
实施例3
在50mL圆底烧瓶中加入中间体2a(0.5mmol),CeCl3·MeOH(5mL,0.2mmol),硼氢化钠(38mg,1mmol)和5mL甲醇,-78℃混合搅拌2.5h。TLC检测反应结束,用去离子水淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取(50mL×3),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析(prtroleum ether:EtOAc=1:1),得白色固体3a,产率90%。在50mL圆底烧瓶中加入3a(0.5mmol)用10mL四氢呋喃溶解,用氮气置换气体后加入催化量钯碳加氢催化剂,再用氮气置换气体,然后通入氢气,再次置换气体,室温反应24h。TLC检测反应结束,过滤,浓缩,柱层析(EtOAc/MeOH,1:1)得到2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素4a,产率81%。
1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.54(s,1H,ArH),7.06(s,1H,ArH),6.96(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,ArH),6.85–6.75(m,2H,ArH),6.07(dd,J=18.4,1.5Hz,2H,OCH2),5.50(s,2H,OCH2),4.48(dd,J=8.9,2.5Hz,1H,CH),4.42-4.29(m,2H,OCH2),4.18(tt,J=9.8,6.0Hz,1H,CH),4.06(d,J=1.1Hz,3H,OCH3),3.81(s,3H,OCH3),3.79-3.72(m,1H,CH),3.61(dt,J=7.1,5.9Hz,1H,OCH2),3.54-3.46(m,1H,OH),3.29(tt,J=5.1,2.2Hz,1H,OCH2),2.26-2.16(m,2H,CH2),1.76-1.44(m,4H,CH2),1.24(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,CH3).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.7,151.6,150.3,147.5,147.4,146.9,134.5,132.7,131.6,130.6,126.5,123.6,119.3,110.8,108.2,106.2,102.3,101.2,100.6,75.9,74.0,71.5,69.4,66.6,56.1,55.8,30.7,29.7,25.4,14.1.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd for C30H32O10Na:575.1893;found:575.1891[M+Na]+.
根据以上实施例3的方法制备实施例化合物。
实施例4-6
下面列出是4b-4d各化合物的理化数据:
4b:1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.55(s,1H,ArH),7.06(s,1H,ArH),6.96(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,ArH),6.85–6.82(m,1H,ArH),6.80(dd,J=7.9,1.9Hz,1H,ArH),6.07(d,J=18.2Hz,2H,OCH2O),5.51(s,2H,ArCH2O),5.38-5.28(m,1H,OH),4.77(s,1H,CH),4.36(t,J=6.3Hz,2H,OCH2),4.07(s,3H,OCH3),3.95(dt,J=10.0,6.1Hz,1H,CH),3.81(s,3H,OCH3),3.68(dt,J=10.0,6.1Hz,1H,CH),3.61-3.43(m,1H,OCH2),3.28(t,J=10.1Hz,1H,OCH2),2.21(pd,J=6.6,4.1Hz,2H,CH2),1.89-1.80(m,2H,CH2),1.79-1.71(m,2H,CH2),1.21(d,J=6.2Hz,3H,CH3).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.7,151.6,150.3,147.5,147.4,146.9,134.4,128.6,128.5,126.3,125.2,123.7,119.3,110.8,108.2,106.2,101.2,100.6,96.3,71.9,69.6,69.4,66.7,63.0,56.1,55.8,30.6,29.6,27.6,17.9.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcdfor C30H32O10Na:575.1893;found:575.1893[M+Na]+.
4c:1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.56(s,1H,ArH),7.06(s,1H,ArH),6.95(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,ArH),6.85-6.76(m,2H,ArH),6.07(dd,J=18.2,1.5Hz,2H,OCH2),5.48(s,2H,OCH2),4.47-4.39(m,1H,CH),4.22(ddt,J=6.6,4.1,2.3Hz,2H,OCH2),4.06(s,3H,OCH3),3.92(ddt,J=12.6,9.6,6.7Hz,1H,CH),3.81(s,3H,OCH3),3.64(dt,J=35.7,6.3Hz,1H,CH),3.49(s,1H,OH),3.45(ddd,J=9.3,6.6,2.6Hz,1H,OCH2),3.29(dq,J=7.3,3.0Hz,1H,OCH2),2.01-1.83(m,2H,CH2),1.73-1.57(m,8H,CH2),1.55-1.50(m,2H,CH2),1.25(d,J=4.2Hz,3H,CH3).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.8,151.5,150.3,147.5,147.4,147.1,134.4,130.6,128.5,126.5,125.4,123.6,119.3,110.8,108.2,106.2,102.3,101.2,100.7,75.8,73.9,72.5,68.8,66.7,56.0,55.8,31.1,30.8,30.3,29.7,26.1,26.0,17.2.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd for C33H38O10Na:617.2363;found:617.2366[M+Na]+
4d:1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.56(s,1H,ArH),7.06(s,1H,ArH),6.96(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,ArH),6.84-6.78(m,2H,ArH),6.07(dd,J=18.4,1.5Hz,2H,OCH2),5.48(s,2H,OCH2),4.43(dt,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H,CH),4.27-4.19(m,2H,OCH2),4.06(s,3H,OCH3),3.92(ddt,J=12.8,9.6,6.6Hz,1H,CH),3.81(s,3H,OCH3),3.79(d,J=2.5Hz,1H,CH),3.71-3.57(m,1H,OCH2),3.53(s,1H,OH),3.29(dt,J=4.9,2.6Hz,1H,OCH2),1.97-1.86(m,2H,CH2),1.71-1.60(m,8H,CH2),1.56–1.46(m,2H,CH2),1.25(d,J=4.3Hz,3H,CH3).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ169.7,151.5,150.3,147.5,147.4,147.1,134.4,130.7,128.5,126.5,125.4,123.6,119.3,110.8,108.2,106.2,102.3,101.2,100.7,73.9,72.5,71.6,68.8,66.7,56.0,55.8,31.9,31.1,30.8,30.3,29.7,26.1,18.1.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd forC33H38O10Na:617.2363;found:617.2367[M+Na]+.
为了更好地理解本发明的实质,下面分别用本发明提供的的一种2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素对三种肿瘤细胞株的生长的抑制作用的药理实验结果,说明其在抗肿瘤药物研究领域中的新用途。药理实施例给出了代表性化合物的部分活性数据。必须说明,本发明的药理实施例是用于说明本发明而不是对本发明的限制。根据本发明的实质对本发明进行的简单改进都属于本发明要求保护的范围。
药物实验例1:化合物4a-4d和紫杉醇对人结肠癌细胞(HT-29)细胞毒活性测试
人结肠癌细胞HT-29用RPMI1640培养基培养,培养基中含有10%的胎牛血清,100U/mL青霉素和100U/mL的链霉素。细胞以每孔5×103的浓度加入到96孔板中,在37℃含有5%CO2的潮湿空气的培养箱中培养24小时。
将化合物4a-4d溶于DMSO中,配制1×10-2mol/L的母液,用完全培养基将母液稀释到相应浓度取对数生长期细胞接种于96孔板,24h贴壁后加入不同浓度的化合物溶液,每个浓度设4个平行孔,培养68h后加入四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)溶液,继续培养4h,弃去培养液,加入二甲亚砜150μL,振荡10min,用酶标仪测定570nm吸收度(A)值,计算半数抑制浓度(IC50),具体如表1所示。根据表1可知,化合物4a的IC50为1×10-6M,而阳性对照紫杉醇对HT-29细胞的IC50为8×10-7M。
药物实验例2-3:化合物4a-4d和紫杉醇对人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7),人肝癌细胞(HepG2)细胞毒活性测试。
采用药物实验例1所示方法,对人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7),人肝癌细胞(HepG2)的生长抑制作用进行药理实验,计算半数抑制浓度(IC50),具体如表1所示。
表1化合物4a-4d和紫杉醇的细胞毒活性IC50(μM)
化合物 | HT-29 | MCF-7 | HepG2 |
4a | 1 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
4b | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
4c | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.2 |
4d | 0.8 | 0.07 | 0.1 |
紫杉醇 | 0.8 | 0.001 | 0.02 |
根据表1可知,本发明提供的2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素具有重要的生物活性,体外对人结肠癌细胞(HT-29)、人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)、人肝癌细胞(HepG2)共三种肿瘤细胞的细胞毒活性试验表明:此类式(1)所示结构的2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素对肿瘤细胞生长具有抑制作用,有可能发展成为新的防治肿瘤药物。从以上药理实施例中我们可以看出这些化合物对这三种肿瘤细胞都显示了较强的细胞毒活性,细胞毒活性稍弱于或与阳性对照紫杉醇相当,具有开发成抗肿瘤药物的潜力。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素的制备方法的反应式如下:
所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将山荷叶素溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入无水碳酸钾,溴代醇,室温下进行反应12h,得第一反应液,将所述第一反应液用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到中间体1,所述的山荷叶素、无水碳酸钾、溴代醇的摩尔比为1:5:1.5;
(2)将上述中间体1溶于二氯甲烷中,加入吡喃酮碳酸酯、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三苯基磷,25℃条件下反应12h,得第二反应液,将所述第二反应液用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到中间体2;所述的中间体1、吡喃酮碳酸酯、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三苯基磷的摩尔比为1:0.8:0.02:0.08;
(3)将上述中间体2溶于甲醇中,加入硼氢化钠和三氯化铈,-78℃反应2.5h,得第三反应液,将所述第三反应液浓缩,然后用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到中间体3,所述的中间体2、三氯化铈、硼氢化钠的摩尔比为1:0.4:2;
(4)将上述中间体3溶于甲醇中,氮气保护下加入钯碳,在氢气中,25℃条件下反应6h,得第四反应液,将所述第四反应液浓缩,然后用有机溶剂稀释后,依次经过水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压干燥,然后柱层析得到2,3,6-三脱氧糖基山荷叶素4,所述的中间体3、钯碳的摩尔比为1:0.1;
其中,所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙醚和苯中的至少一种;所述的溴代醇为3-溴丙醇或6-溴己醇。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肿瘤为结肠癌、乳腺癌和肝癌中的一种。
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CN114989151A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-02 | 南通大学 | 一种山荷叶素5-取代三唑衍生物及其制备方法 |
CN115010704A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 南通大学 | 一种山荷叶素4-取代三唑衍生物及其制备方法 |
CN115057851A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-16 | 南通大学 | 一种山荷叶素5-取代三唑衍生物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 |
CN114989151B (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-10-31 | 南通大学 | 一种山荷叶素5-取代三唑衍生物及其制备方法 |
CN115057851B (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-10-31 | 南通大学 | 一种山荷叶素5-取代三唑衍生物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 |
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