CN114177298B - Adar1作为治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物的应用 - Google Patents
Adar1作为治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了ADAR1作为治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物的应用,属于生物医药技术领域。本发明公开ADAR1作为作用靶点在制备治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物中的应用,通过沉默ADAR1或者下调ADAR1表达发挥抑制肺动脉高压的作用。实验结果显示,ADAR1沉默组大鼠肺动脉压力(RVSP)和右心室肥厚指数(RV/LV+S)显著下降,显著抑制TNF‑α诱导的内皮细胞焦亡及炎症反应,从而达到延缓肺动脉高压的有益作用。该研究以ADAR1作为靶点为肺动脉高压治疗提供临床治疗依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域,特别是涉及ADAR1作为治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物的应用。
背景技术
肺动脉高压(Pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)是一种由于多种因素导致肺血管结构或功能改变,引起肺血管阻力和肺动脉压力持续增高的临床病理生理综合征,继而发展成右心衰甚至死亡,号称“心血管肿瘤”。现有的治疗措施主要以吸氧、强心、利尿和口服抗凝剂等支持治疗为基础,辅以钙通道阻滞剂、一氧化氮吸入、内皮素受体拮抗剂、前列环素等药物,但目前仅能起到缓解症状的作用,不能阻止疾病进展。PAH患者预后极差、生存率极低,中位生存时间仅为2.8年。由于PAH发病机制复杂且尚不完全明确,目前临床上尚缺乏特效的治疗药物。在现有治疗手段下,患者一年死亡率仍高达15%。因此,寻求一种可以用于治疗PAH的新药具有重要的临床意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供ADAR1作为治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物的应用,以解决上述现有技术存在的问题,通过沉默ADAR1基因表达,抑制GSDME及其介导的焦亡和炎症反应,从而抑制肺动脉高压的形成。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:
本发明提供ADAR1作为作用靶点在制备治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物中的应用。
进一步地,通过干扰ADAR1基因表达发挥抑制肺动脉高压的作用。
进一步地,所述干扰ADAR1基因表达通过ADAR1沉默慢病毒表达载体和/或ADAR1抑制剂实现。
本发明还提供一种ADAR1沉默慢病毒表达载体在制备治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物中的应用。
进一步地,所述ADAR1沉默慢病毒表达载体包含使ADAR1基因沉默的ADAR1-shRNA。
进一步地,所述ADAR1-shRNA的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
本发明还提供一种ADAR1抑制剂在制备治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物中的应用,利用所述ADAR1抑制剂下调ADAR1基因表达,发挥对肺动脉高压的抑制作用。
进一步地,所述药物的剂型为片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、注射剂或喷雾剂。
进一步地,所述药物服用方法为口服或非经肠胃形式服用。
本发明公开了以下技术效果:
本发明以ADAR1作为作用靶点研究其对肺动脉高压的抑制作用,通过构建ADAR1沉默慢病毒,将其感染肺动脉高压模型大鼠,经实验研究发现,ADAR1沉默组大鼠与MCT肺动脉高压组大鼠相比,肺动脉压力(RVSP)和右心室肥厚指数(RV/LV+S)显著下降;沉默ADAR1还能显著抑制TNF-α诱导的内皮细胞焦亡,提示ADAR1在促内皮细胞焦亡过程中发挥关键调控作用。本发明还发现,干预ADAR1表达,可通过抑制肺动脉内皮细胞的焦亡及炎症反应,从而达到延缓肺动脉高压的有益作用。由此可见,ADAR1沉默慢病毒及对ADAR1蛋白表达抑制的小分子和抗体药物在临床可用于对肺动脉高压疾病的治疗,尤其可减少肺动脉高压患者的死亡率,为肺动脉高压治疗提供新药物靶点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明ADAR1沉默慢病毒构建示意图及沉默靶序列;
图2为正常组、模型组和实验组TNF-α诱导的内皮细胞焦亡结果,其中A图为TNF-α诱导前后的内皮细胞状态对比;B图为Annexin-V+/PI+双阳性细胞数目统计;C图为肺动脉内皮细胞上清LDH释放量统计;
图3为正常组、模型组和实验组小鼠肺组织焦亡执行蛋白的mRNA表达情况,其中A图为GSDMD,B图为GSDME;
图4为正常组、模型组和实验组炎症因子释放情况,其中A图为HMGB1,B图为IL-1β。
具体实施方式
现详细说明本发明的多种示例性实施方式,该详细说明不应认为是对本发明的限制,而应理解为是对本发明的某些方面、特性和实施方案的更详细的描述。
应理解本发明中所述的术语仅仅是为描述特别的实施方式,并非用于限制本发明。另外,对于本发明中的数值范围,应理解为还具体公开了该范围的上限和下限之间的每个中间值。在任何陈述值或陈述范围内的中间值以及任何其他陈述值或在所述范围内的中间值之间的每个较小的范围也包括在本发明内。这些较小范围的上限和下限可独立地包括或排除在范围内。
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有本发明所述领域的常规技术人员通常理解的相同含义。虽然本发明仅描述了优选的方法和材料,但是在本发明的实施或测试中也可以使用与本文所述相似或等同的任何方法和材料。本说明书中提到的所有文献通过引用并入,用以公开和描述与所述文献相关的方法和/或材料。在与任何并入的文献冲突时,以本说明书的内容为准。
在不背离本发明的范围或精神的情况下,可对本发明说明书的具体实施方式做多种改进和变化,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。由本发明的说明书得到的其他实施方式对技术人员而言是显而易见得的。本发明说明书和实施例仅是示例性的。
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”、“含有”等等,均为开放性的用语,即意指包含但不限于。
实施例1构建ADAR1沉默慢病毒质粒(shADAR1)
RNAi慢病毒克隆的制备
1.1.靶点设计:针对ADAR1基因的CDS区靶序列,根据RNAi序列设计原则,设计多个RNAi靶点序列,选择最佳动力学的参数靶点,最终确定靶序列为:5’-CGAGTCAGTGTTTATGATT-3’(SEQ ID NO:1),Scramble序列为:5’-TTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGT-3’,如图1所示。
1.2.构建克隆载体:1)工具载体选择GV248(hU6-MCS-Ubiquitin-EGFP-IRES-puromycin)。配制酶切反应体系(反应体系如表1所示),对载体酶切产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,回收目的条带。
表1酶切反应体系
2)目的基因片段获取:构建病毒载体、合成单链引物(如表2所示)、引物退火形成双链DNA,进而获取目的基因片段。
表2.GV248载体和ADAR1基因的单链引物序列
3)退火产物与载体进行连接:通过T4 DNA ligase将双酶切线性化的载体和退火双链DNA连接(连接反应体系如表3所示),16℃连接过夜。
表3连接反应体系
*根据载体大小做相应调整
4)转化:取适量上述交换反应产物加入100μL感受态细胞(293T细胞)中,冰置30min,42℃热激90s,冰水浴孵育2min。加入500μL LB培养基,37℃摇床振荡培养1h。取适量菌液(大肠杆菌菌株DH5α)涂布在含有抗生素的平板式恒温培养箱中倒置培养12-16h。
5)菌落PCR鉴定:挑取克隆用以下引物进行PCR鉴定(引物序列见表4)。
表4菌落PCR鉴定引物
ID | Seq(5’-3’) |
鉴定引物-F | CCATGATTCCTTCATATTTGC |
鉴定引物-R | GTAATACGGTTATCCACGCG |
6)测序:将鉴定出的阳性克隆转化子接种在含有相应抗生素的培养基中,取适量菌液进行测序(测序由吉凯基因公司完成),对测序结果与目的基因序列进行比对分析,结果如下:
PCR产物序列:
>PSC54208-1-pGCSIL-F_H03.ab1
目的基因序列:PSC54208-1
CCGGGCCGAGTCAGTGTTTATGATTCTCGAGAATCATAAACACTGACTCGGCTTTTTG
经序列比对,结果显示PCR产物加粗序列与目的基因的核苷酸序列相同,即ADAR1沉默慢病毒质粒构建成功。
1.3.质粒抽提:将测序正确的菌液接种在培养基中,使用天根无内毒素质粒小提中量试剂盒进行质粒抽提,抽提合格的质粒进入下游流程。
1.4.慢病毒包装与质量检测:1)质粒转染与慢病毒收获:将上述构建的质粒转染到293T细胞中进行培养。2)慢病毒浓缩与纯化:根据细胞状态,收集转染后48h的293T细胞上清液,4℃、4000g离心去除细胞碎片,将带病毒的上清液25000rpm 4℃离心2h,重组病毒颗粒沉淀重悬于100ul PBS中备用,包装好的成熟病毒及阴性对照分别命名为shADAR1及shNC。3)慢病毒质量检测:为了测定病毒滴度,使用荧光法系列稀释病毒悬液,感染293T细胞,感染24h后换液,72h后观察荧光表达情况,荧光细胞数随稀释倍数的增加而减少。根据表达GFP荧光蛋白表达情况,进行滴度分析,计算病毒滴度。
1.5.根据慢病毒的滴度和大鼠的重量计算出每只大鼠需要注射的慢病毒量;使用注射器从大鼠气管注射shNC或者shADAR1慢病毒,剂量为每100g鼠体重给予2×107TU病毒量,慢病毒注射10天后检测慢病毒感染效率及对肺部ADAR1基因的沉默效果,并进行后续实验。
实施例2shADAR1慢病毒对PAH大鼠模型的治疗效果
1.为了验证ADAR1沉默慢病毒对肺部的沉默效果,首先,本发明设计ADAR1的引物(如表5所示),使用Trizol regent(Invitrogen life Technologies,Carlsbad,CA,USA)试剂盒按照操作手册抽提RNA,使用PrimeScriptTM RT Reagent Kit(Takara,Tokyo,Japan)试剂盒逆转录获得cDNA,使用Thermo Scientific SYBR Green qPCR MasterMixes试剂盒配置反应体系,AB公司Fast 7500PCR仪检测RNA的表达,以分析肺部ADAR1基因表达的差异。通过Real-time PCR检测ADAR1基因的表达,结果发现shADAR1慢病毒能有效抑制肺部ADAR1基因表达。
表5 ADAR1基因的引物信息
引物名称 | 序列信息(5’-3’) |
ADAR1上游引物 | CCGTACCATGTCCTGTAGTGACA |
ADAR1下游引物 | GCCCTTGGCTG AAAAGGTAAC |
2.实验设计
2.1实验材料
本发明所使用的实验动物为:大鼠购自长沙市斯莱克景达实验动物技术有限公司,为SPF级Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠,雄性,6-8周龄。本发明中的PAH动物模型可通过以下途径构建,野百合碱(monocrotaline,MCT)诱导的大鼠PAH模型、Sugen 5416联合低氧(S/H)诱导的大鼠肺动脉高压模型。
将SD大鼠分为正常组和肺动脉高压组,其中肺动脉高压组为由野百合碱(monocrotaline,MCT)诱导的MCT肺动脉高压大鼠模型或者由血管生长因子抑制剂Sugen5416联合10%低氧环境诱导的Su5416+低氧肺动脉高压大鼠模型。
构建MCT诱导肺动脉高压大鼠模型的方法
根据大鼠体重,从腹腔单次注射60mg/kg的MCT溶液,21天后形成肺动脉高压模型。
构建Sugen 5416+低氧诱导肺动脉高压大鼠模型的方法
根据大鼠体重,从皮下单次注射20mg/kg的Su5416溶液后,将大鼠置于低氧培养舱(10%氧气)中饲养,正常饮食、饮水,持续21天后将低氧舱中大鼠置于正常氧环境中继续饲养35天后,形成肺动脉高压模型。
相较于正常组,当肺动脉高压大鼠的右心室收缩压显著升高大于25mmHg,右心室肥厚以及肺小血管肌化水平显著提升时,提示肺动脉高压造模成功。
2.2实验分组
以SD大鼠为实验对象,通过从大鼠腹腔单次注射60mg/kg的野百合碱(MCT)溶液,21天后形成肺动脉高压模型,以此研究shADAR1慢病毒对肺动脉高压的治疗效果。实验分组:选取60只雄性SD大鼠,体重200g左右,随机分成三组,每组20只。实验设置正常组,模型组和实验组:正常组和模型组大鼠注射shNC慢病毒(2×105TU/g),实验组注射shADAR1慢病毒(2×105TU/g),感染大鼠肺组织10天后,模型组和实验组皮下注射MCT构建肺动脉高压模型,正常组皮下注射0.9%生理盐水;随后正常饲喂大鼠。
3.实验方法
3.1.右心室收缩压(RVSP)测定
MCT注射21天后,三组大鼠通过腹腔注射麻醉,参照Song等报道的右心导管插入术,用生理仪配套导管测右心室收缩压。
3.2.右心室肥厚指数
按照Ryan等的方法,小鼠麻醉后,开胸腔,摘取心脏,剥离所有血管和心室,剪下右心室,分别称量右心室重量和左心室加室间隔的重量,用右心室重量(g)除以左心室和室间隔的重量之和(RV/(LV+S))。实验结果见表1。
表1沉默ADAR1对MCT诱导的肺动脉高压大鼠血流动力学、右心室肥厚指数的影响
注:***与正常组比较p<0.001,###与模型组比较p<0.001。
从表1中可看出,与正常组相比,野百合碱(MCT)组大鼠的肺动脉压力(RVSP)显著升高,右心室肥厚指数(RV/LV+S)明显升高,提示构建的MCT模型建模成功。与MCT肺动脉高压组大鼠对比,ADAR1沉默组大鼠的肺动脉压力(RVSP)明显降低,同时,右心室肥厚指数(RV/LV+S)也明显下降。结果显示,沉默ADAR1可显著抑制MCT诱导的肺动脉高压的形成。
3.3.沉默ADAR1抑制促肺动脉高压因子TNF-α诱导的内皮细胞焦亡
TNF-α是促肺动脉高压发病关键因子之一,与肺动脉高压病人预后密切相关。因此,TNF-α(40ng/ml*16h)干预常用于模拟体外肺动脉高压的内皮细胞损伤模型。取正常大鼠、模型组和实验组大鼠肺动脉内皮细胞,给予40ng/ml的TNF-α干预16h后,显微镜下观察各组细胞焦亡状态,箭头所示为焦亡形态细胞(如图2-A所示),结果显示:沉默ADAR1后可显著抑制TNF-α诱导的焦亡细胞形态的增多;使用Annexin V/PI染色,流式细胞仪检测Annexin-V+/PI+双阳性细胞数目,结果提示:沉默ADAR1后,抑制TNF-α诱导的双阳性细胞数目的增多(图2-B)及细胞上清中LDH的释放量,提示细胞死亡率降低(图2-C)。上述结果表明:沉默ADAR1可显著抑制TNF-α诱导的内皮细胞焦亡。提示ADAR1在促内皮细胞焦亡过程中发挥关键调控作用。
3.4.沉默ADAR1显著抑制肺动脉高压中炎症因子的释放
细胞焦亡是一种由gasdermin家族蛋白GSDMD或GSDME介导的以胞浆肿胀、胞膜破裂为特性的新型程序性细胞死亡。被活化的GSDMD或GSDME释放出活性的N端片段,N-GSDMD或N-GSDME移位到细胞膜上形成多聚体进而产生微小孔洞,致使细胞膜内外压差失衡,进而导致焦亡发生。在此基础上,设计焦亡执行蛋白GSDMD和GSDME的引物(GSDME:上游引物:5’-TGCAACTTCTAAGTCTGGTGACC-3’,下游引物:5’-CTCCACAACCACTGGACTGAG-3’;GSDMD:上游引物:5’-CCATCGGCCTTTGAGAAAGTG-3’,下游引物:5’-ACACATGAATAACGGGGTTTCC-3’),使用Trizol regent(Invitrogen life Technologies,Carlsbad,CA,USA)试剂盒按照操作手册抽提RNA,使用PrimeScriptTM RT Reagent Kit(Takara,Tokyo,Japan)试剂盒逆转录获得cDNA,使用Thermo Scientific SYBR Green qPCR MasterMixes试剂盒配置反应体系,AB公司Fast 7500PCR仪检测RNA的表达,以分析各组中焦亡执行蛋白GSDMD和GSDME的mRNA的表达差异,通过Real-time PCR检测各组小鼠肺组织中焦亡执行蛋白表达,结果发现,沉默ADAR1小鼠肺组织中GSDMD和GSDME的mRNA的表达水平较肺动脉高压组明显下降,说明下调ADAR1的表达可抑制焦亡执行蛋白GSDMD和GSDME的表达水平(如图3A-B所示)。
此外,焦亡细胞会促使炎性因子IL-18、IL-1β、HMGB1等释放出胞,这些炎性因子能进一步活化下游炎症信号,快速启动局部或系统炎症级联反应,进一步加重炎性损伤。为进一步证实抑制ADAR1延缓PAH进展是通过促进的内皮细胞焦亡并释放炎症因子起作用的,本发明进一步使用ELISA方法检测了经TNF-α诱导的肺动脉内皮细胞HMGB1(HMGB1ELISA kit,Shino-Test Corporation,Kanagawa,Japan)和IL-1β(IL-1βELISA Kit,R&D Systems,USA)的释放水平,检测步骤根据试剂盒说明进行操作。从图4A-B可以看出:TNF-α诱导HMGB1和IL-1β释放显著增加,而沉默ADAR1可显著抑制其释放。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
序列表
<110> 中南大学湘雅三医院
<120> ADAR1作为治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物的应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 19
<212> DNA/RNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
cgagtcagtg tttatgatt 19
Claims (1)
1.一种ADAR1沉默慢病毒表达载体在制备治疗肺动脉高压疾病药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述ADAR1沉默慢病毒表达载体包含使ADAR1基因沉默的ADAR1-shRNA;
所述ADAR1-shRNA的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
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