CN114129780B - 一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备及应用 - Google Patents
一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光控释一氧化氮水凝胶的制备及应用,该材料的制备方法包括以下步骤,先合成聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶,并将上述水凝胶负载在基体表面,用负载在基体表面的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶吸附亚硝基硫醇得到光控释放一氧化氮的水凝胶。该光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶负载能力强、生物相容性好、抗菌性能强,在近红外光下能够实现NO缓慢可控的释放,并且可应用于医疗植入体表面。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学材料工程技术领域,具体涉及一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备及应用
背景技术
日常生活中,我们周围存在着大量的不同种类的病菌,真菌或者病毒等的微生物。通常情况这些细菌在自然或者人体中处于动态平衡状态,然而一旦病菌的增殖发生异常,就会导致很多严重的问题。如何缓和或者避免这类致病菌对我们的危害,从而减少致病菌感染的疾病的发生率,已经成为了全人类广泛关注的问题。目前抗细菌感染的主要方式是通过抗生素治疗,但是抗生素的过多使用很容易导致细菌耐药性的产生,造成超级细菌的出现,因而开发出新的抗菌材料变得尤为重要。
现有的技术大多是在钛合金表面制备具有抗菌性的有机或者无机纳米杂化涂层,通过涂层本身的抗菌性实现长期的抗菌,但是这种涂层的抗菌性不具备可控性,且短期抗菌性较差。而且这种自抗菌涂层往往生物相容性不佳,在体外或者体外对细胞均存在一定的细胞毒性。近年来,一氧化氮(NO)由于其广谱抗菌及不易产生耐药性等特性受到越来越多的关注,越来越多的可释放NO的新型抗菌材料出现在人们的视野中。尽管NO表现出优异的抗菌效果且不易产生耐药性,然而现有技术仍然存在材料负载NO的含量过低、NO难以长时间储存、NO释放不可控等问题,从而使其在临床上的应用受到了极大的阻碍。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,该复合水凝胶负载能力强、生物相容性好、抗菌性能强,能够实现NO缓慢可控的释放。
本发明的另一个目的是,提供一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶在医疗植入体表面的应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
1)基板表面预处理:将基板逐级打磨光滑去除表面的杂质,再用刻蚀液刻蚀基板表面,取出,用去离子水冲洗刻蚀后的基板,并于去离子水中保存;
2)聚多巴胺的合成:将盐酸多巴胺粉末溶解于去离子水中,溶解后继续搅拌9~11min,制备得到浓度为4~6mg/mL的盐酸多巴胺溶液,调节所述盐酸多巴胺溶液pH值至7~8,避光搅拌7~9h,得到聚多巴胺溶液;
3)前驱体亚硝基硫醇的合成:将巯基丁二酸加入到去离子水中配制成0.15~0.25g/mL的巯基丁二酸溶液,随后将稀盐酸和亚硝酸钠加入到所述巯基丁二酸溶液中,得到第一溶液;采用盐酸调节所述第一溶液pH值为1~3;所述亚硝酸钠与巯基丁二酸的质量比为0.30~0.4:1;所述第一溶液避光搅拌15~25min后进行冷冻干燥处理获得粉红色固体粉末,所述粉红色固体粉末经清洗后,得到所述前驱体亚硝基硫醇,于-20℃以下避光保存;
4)聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的制备:将聚乙烯醇加入到去离子水中得到浓度为30~45mg/ml的聚乙烯醇溶液,然后在70~90℃搅拌溶解5~6h,加入壳聚糖粉末和步骤2)制备得到的所述聚多巴胺溶液,所述壳聚糖粉末加入质量与聚多巴胺溶液质量比为0.02~0.04:1,所述聚多巴胺溶液体积与所述聚乙烯醇溶液的体积比为0.2~0.4:1,得到第二溶液;取所述第二溶液滴加在基板表面后进行冷冻-解冻循环处理,经过多次循环处理后,进行冷冻干燥得到基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶,室温保存;所述冷冻循环优选为3次循环过程;
5)光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备:取步骤3)中所述前驱体亚硝基硫醇加入去离子水中,制备得到浓度为0.01~0.05g/mL的亚硝基硫醇负载溶液;将步骤4)制备得到的基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶避光浸泡在所述亚硝基硫醇负载溶液中,使亚硝基硫醇负载于基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶中,得到光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶,并于-20℃以下避光保存;也可以将负载亚硝基硫醇的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶进行冷冻干燥,冷冻干燥6~14h后取出,得到脱水的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶。
上述技术方案中,在步骤1)中,所述基板分别使用240目,600目,800目的砂纸打磨光滑去除表面的杂质;所述基板为钛合金或铁金属等。
上述技术方案中,在步骤1)中,所述刻蚀液为体积比为0.15~0.2:1的氢氟酸与水的混合液。
上述技术方案中,在步骤3)中,所述巯基丁二酸加入到0~3℃的去离子水中,搅拌,搅拌过程中维持所述巯基丁二酸溶液温度为0~3℃。
上述技术方案中,在步骤2)中,用浓度为0.01mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节所述盐酸多巴胺溶液的pH值。
上述技术方案中,在步骤3)中,所述冷冻干燥的温度为-40~-20℃,时间为6~12h;所述粉红色固体粉末依次用去离子水,丙酮和无水乙醇分别清洗3次后,在-20℃避光保存。
上述技术方案中,在步骤4)中,所述冷冻-解冻过程中的冷冻温度为-20℃,解冻温度为25℃;所述冷冻干燥过程中的冷冻温度为-40~-20℃,时间为6~12h。
上述技术方案中,在步骤5)中,所述基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶避光浸泡在0~5℃的所述亚硝基硫醇负载溶液中;所述冷冻干燥的温度为-40~-15℃,时间为6~14h。
一种上述技术方案中所述的基板表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶在医疗植入体表面的应用。
一种上述技术方案制备得到的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶。
一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶,其特征在于:所述光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶包括活性物质及载体,所述活性物质吸附于所述载体上;所述载体为聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶,所述聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶各成分之间通过氢键作用结合,所述活性物质为亚硝基硫醇。
本发明的优点和有益效果为:
1、本发明所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶中加入了壳聚糖和聚多巴胺,提高了复合水凝胶的生物相容性,降低细胞毒性,提高复合水凝胶涂层与机体接触的骨整合性。
2、本发明利用聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的光热效应和多孔性,可以负载亚硝基硫醇分子并在近红外光(808nm)的照射下释放一氧化氮,使得该涂层具有短期优异的快速抗菌性能,且该涂层在非光照的条件下不释放NO,达到可控释放的目的,从而有效地杀死细菌。
3、由于本发明使用的激光波长为808nm,属于近红外光波段,具有一定的穿透能力。在复合水凝胶涂层植入到体内之后,依然可以通过近红外光照射复合水凝胶涂层植入位置以达到释放NO抗菌的目的,实现光控杀菌。因此,本发明制备得到的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶涂层,可以通过简易的方法制备在医疗植入体表面,产品成本较低,实施难度较小,制备手段简易,具有良好的医疗应用前景。
附图说明
图1中(a)是聚乙烯醇水凝胶的SEM图,(b)是实施例1光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的SEM图。
图2是实施例1钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的红外光谱图。
图3是实施例1钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的一氧化氮释放曲线对比图。
图4是实施例1钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮复合水凝胶对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性能对比图。
图5是实施例1钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮复合水凝胶生物相容性对比图。
对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,可以根据以上附图获得其他的相关附图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例一
一种钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
1)钛合金表面的预处理:分别使用240目、600目、800目的砂纸将钛合金打磨光滑去除表面的杂质;将氢氟酸与去离子水按体积比为1:6混合均匀,配置得到刻蚀液;用所述刻蚀液刻蚀钛片表面3min,刻蚀后的钛片用去离子水冲洗干净,并保存于去离子水中;
2)聚多巴胺的合成:将50mg盐酸多巴胺粉末溶解于10mL去离子水中,溶解后继续搅拌10min,得到盐酸多巴胺溶液;用0.01mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节所述盐酸多巴胺溶液的pH值至7.5,避光搅拌8h,直至溶液颜色完全变黑,得到聚多巴胺溶液;
3)前驱体亚硝基硫醇的合成:将2g的巯基丁二酸加入到10mL0~3℃的去离子水中配制成质量分数为0.2g/mL的巯基丁二酸溶液,搅拌,搅拌过程中维持所述巯基丁二酸溶液温度为0~3℃;随后将10mL的稀盐酸(1mol/mL)和0.7g亚硝酸钠加入到所述巯基丁二酸溶液中,得到pH值为2的第一溶液,所述第一溶液经避光搅拌20min后于-40℃冷冻干燥12h获得粉红色固体粉末;所述粉红色固体粉末依次用5mL去离子水,5mL丙酮和5mL无水乙醇分别清洗3次后,得到前驱体亚硝基硫醇,于-20℃避光保存;
4)钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的制备:将3g聚乙烯醇加入到80mL的去离子水中,得到聚乙烯醇溶液,并于80℃搅拌溶解5.5h后,加入0.3g的壳聚糖粉末和24mL步骤2)制备得到的所述聚多巴胺溶液,得到第二溶液;将所述第二溶液滴加在钛合金表面于-20℃冷冻6h后,再于25℃解冻6h,经过3次冷冻-解冻循环处理以完成物理交联形成多孔洞结构,于-20℃冷冻干燥6h,得到钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶,室温保存;
5)钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备:取步骤3)中所述前驱体亚硝基硫醇粉红色固体粉末0.25g加入去离子水10mL,制备得到浓度为0.025g/mL的亚硝基硫醇负载溶液;将步骤4)制备得到的钛合金表面构建聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶避光浸泡在0~5℃的所述亚硝基硫醇负载溶液中,浸泡2h,使亚硝基硫醇负载于聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺复合水凝胶中,-40℃下冷冻干燥6h后取出,得到钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶,并于-20℃避光保存。
1)光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的SEM实验:
将实施例1制备得到的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶经过冷冻干燥后放至室温,然后经喷金操作提升其导电性,喷金后的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶表面贴上一条宽度为2mm的导电胶,放置于电镜样品台上采集图像,结果见图1。根据图1可以看出,实施例1制备得到的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶为多孔洞结构,且其孔洞结构相比于聚乙烯醇水凝胶更为均匀,比表面积更大。
2)钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的红外光谱试验
将实施例1制备得到的钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶经过冷冻干燥后研磨成粉末,烘烤3min至无水状态,将烘烤后复合水凝胶粉末与干燥的溴化钾粉末按质量比1:100混合,混粉用压片机压成透明薄片,所得薄片放置于红外光谱仪中检测透过率,结果见图2。根据图2可以看出,钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶红外光谱中检测到碳碳双键,碳氧单键,碳氧双键等官能团,从而说明聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶被成功的制备。(PVA指聚乙烯醇,PCS指聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖,PCP指聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺,只有特定的聚合物才有特定的官能团,因此可以通过红外表征检测。)
3)一氧化氮释放实验
将实施例1制备得到的钛合金表面构建的未脱水光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶(Ti-PCP/RSNO)置于96孔板中,保持黑暗状态,然后按照总一氧化氮释放试剂盒的操作步骤加入检测试剂,用酶标仪检测吸光度,记录0min的吸光度。然后用808nm近红外光光照处理,每隔4分钟检测一次吸光度,根据试剂盒说明书计算得到NO的释放量,以时间和NO释放量做图,结果见图3。根据图3可以看出,NO气体的释放过程为缓慢释放,光照初和光照末NO的释放速度无明显差异,不存在暴释的现象,说明该钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶可以在光照下稳定的释放NO。
4)抗菌实验:
将实施例1制备得到的钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶(Ti-PCP/RSNO)、钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶(Ti-PCP)、钛合金(Ti)样品分别置于96孔板中,放置于黑暗环境。在含有样品的96孔板中分别加入200μL数量级为107CFU/mL的金黄色葡萄球菌菌液,采用808nm近红外光光照处理,处理完成后取出孔板内的样品。将孔板中的菌液稀释100倍,取出稀释后的菌液20μL均匀涂布至含有LB固体培养基的琼脂板上,37℃培养24h,进行菌落计数,结果见图4。根据图4可以看出,钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶具有约35%的抗菌率,而钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶由于负载了可释放NO的亚硝基硫醇,使其抗菌效果大大提升,抗菌率达到了90%以上,表明了钛合金表面构建光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶在光照条件下具有极好的抗菌性。
5)生物相容性实验:
将105CFU/mL的MC3T3-E1成骨细胞分别和钛合金表面构建的未脱水聚乙烯醇水凝胶(PVA)、钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺复合水凝胶(Ti-PCP)、钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶(Ti-PCP/RSNO)、钛合金(Ti)样品在96孔板中分别培养48h,倒掉细胞培养基,加入2.5mg/mL的MTT溶液继续培养4h。倒掉MTT溶液,加入二甲亚砜终止反应,在酶标仪上检测以上各样品492nm处的吸光度,计算各组样品的细胞活力,结果见图5。根据图5可以看出,钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇水凝胶和钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的生物相容性较差,并不能促进细胞的增殖,但是钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶细胞活性较好,能够明显地促进细胞增殖,生物相容性及成骨性更好。
实施例二
一种钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
1)钛合金表面的预处理:分别使用240目、600目、800目的砂纸将钛片打磨光滑去除表面的杂质;将氢氟酸与去离子水按体积比为1:6混合均匀,配置得到刻蚀液;用所述刻蚀液刻蚀钛片表面2.5min,刻蚀后的钛片用去离子水冲洗干净,并保存于去离子水中;
2)聚多巴胺的合成:将50mg盐酸多巴胺粉末溶解于12.5mL去离子水中,溶解后继续搅拌9min,得到盐酸多巴胺溶液;用0.01mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节所述盐酸多巴胺溶液的pH值至7,避光搅拌7h,直至溶液颜色完全变黑,得到聚多巴胺溶液;
3)前驱体亚硝基硫醇的合成:将2g的巯基丁二酸加入到10mL0~3℃的去离子水中配制成质量分数为0.2g/mL的巯基丁二酸溶液,搅拌,搅拌过程中维持所述巯基丁二酸溶液温度为0~3℃;随后将5mL的稀盐酸(1mol/mL)和0.64g亚硝酸钠加入到所述巯基丁二酸溶液中,得到pH值为3的第一溶液,所述第一溶液经避光搅拌18min后于-40℃冷冻干燥10h获得粉红色固体粉末;所述粉红色固体粉末依次用5mL去离子水,5mL丙酮和5mL无水乙醇分别清洗3次后,得到前驱体亚硝基硫醇,于-20℃避光保存;
4)钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的制备:将2.7g聚乙烯醇加入到80mL的去离子水中,得到聚乙烯醇溶液,并于70℃搅拌溶解5h后,加入0.2g的壳聚糖粉末和16mL步骤2)制备得到的所述聚多巴胺溶液,得到第二溶液;将所述第二溶液滴加在钛合金表面于-20℃冷冻8h后,再于25℃解冻8h,经过3次循环处理以完成物理交联形成多孔洞结构,于-20℃冷冻干燥6h,得到钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶,室温保存;
5)钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备:取步骤3)中所述前驱体亚硝基硫醇粉红色固体粉末0.1g加入去离子水10mL,制备得到浓度为0.01g/mL的亚硝基硫醇负载溶液;将步骤4)制备得到的将钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶避光浸泡在0~5℃的所述亚硝基硫醇负载溶液中,浸泡1.5h,使亚硝基硫醇负载于聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺复合水凝胶中,-40℃下冷冻干燥6h后取出,得到钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶,并于-20℃避光保存。
实施例三
一种钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
1)钛合金表面的预处理:分别使用240目、600目、800目的砂纸将钛片打磨光滑去除表面的杂质;将氢氟酸与去离子水按体积比为1:6混合均匀,配置得到刻蚀液;用所述刻蚀液刻蚀钛片表面3.5min,刻蚀后的钛片用去离子水冲洗干净,并保存于去离子水中;
2)聚多巴胺的合成:将50mg盐酸多巴胺粉末溶解于10mL去离子水中,溶解后继续搅拌10min,得到盐酸多巴胺溶液;用0.01mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节所述盐酸多巴胺溶液的pH值至7.5,避光搅拌9小时,直至溶液颜色完全变黑,得到聚多巴胺溶液;
3)前驱体亚硝基硫醇的合成:将2g的巯基丁二酸加入到10mL0~3℃的去离子水中配制成质量分数为0.15g/mL的巯基丁二酸溶液,搅拌,搅拌过程中维持所述巯基丁二酸溶液温度为0~3℃;随后将20mL的稀盐酸(1mol/mL)和0.8g亚硝酸钠加入到所述巯基丁二酸溶液中,得到pH值为3的第一溶液,所述第一溶液经避光搅拌22min后于-40℃冷冻干燥12h获得粉红色固体粉末;所述粉红色固体粉末依次用5mL去离子水,5mL丙酮和5mL无水乙醇分别清洗3次后,得到前驱体亚硝基硫醇,于-20℃避光保存;
4)钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的制备:将3.3g聚乙烯醇加入到80mL的去离子水中,得到聚乙烯醇溶液,并于90℃搅拌溶解6h后,加入0.4g的壳聚糖粉末和32mL步骤2)制备得到的所述聚多巴胺溶液,得到第二溶液;将所述第二溶液滴加在钛合金表面于-20℃冷冻8h后,再于25℃解冻8h,经过3次循环处理以完成物理交联形成多孔洞结构,于-20℃冷冻干燥6h,得到钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶,室温保存;
5)钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备:取步骤3)中所述前驱体亚硝基硫醇粉红色固体粉末0.5g加入去离子水10mL,制备得到浓度为0.05g/mL的亚硝基硫醇负载溶液;将将步骤4)制备得到的钛合金表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶避光浸泡在0~5℃的所述亚硝基硫醇负载溶液中,浸泡2.5h,使亚硝基硫醇负载于聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺复合水凝胶中,-25℃下冷冻干燥14h后取出,得到钛合金表面构建的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶,并于-20℃避光保存。
以上对本发明做了示例性的描述,应该说明的是,在不脱离本发明的核心的情况下,任何简单的变形、修改或者其他本领域技术人员能够不花费创造性劳动的等同替换均落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:具体包括以下步骤:
步骤1 基板表面预处理:将基板逐级打磨光滑去除表面的杂质,再用刻蚀液刻蚀基板表面,取出,用去离子水冲洗刻蚀后的基板;
步骤2 聚多巴胺的合成:将盐酸多巴胺粉末溶解于去离子水中,溶解后继续搅拌9~11min,制备得到浓度为4~6mg/mL的盐酸多巴胺溶液,调节所述盐酸多巴胺溶液pH值至7~8,避光搅拌7~9h,得到聚多巴胺溶液;
步骤3 前驱体亚硝基硫醇的合成:将巯基丁二酸加入到去离子水中配制成0.15~0.25g/mL的巯基丁二酸溶液,随后将稀盐酸和亚硝酸钠加入到所述巯基丁二酸溶液中,得到第一溶液;调节所述第一溶液pH值为1~3;所述亚硝酸钠与巯基丁二酸的质量比为0.30~0.4:1;所述第一溶液避光搅拌15~25min后进行冷冻干燥处理获得固体粉末,所述固体粉末经清洗后,得到所述前驱体亚硝基硫醇;
步骤4 聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶的制备:将聚乙烯醇加入到去离子水中得到浓度为30~45mg/mL的聚乙烯醇溶液,然后在70~90°C搅拌5~6h,加入壳聚糖粉末和步骤2制备得到的所述聚多巴胺溶液,所述壳聚糖粉末加入质量与聚多巴胺溶液质量比为0.02~0.04:1,所述聚多巴胺溶液体积与所述聚乙烯醇溶液的体积比为0.2~0.4:1,得到第二溶液;取所述第二溶液滴加在基板表面后进行冷冻-解冻循环处理,进行冷冻干燥得到基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶;
步骤5 光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备:取步骤3中所述前驱体亚硝基硫醇加入去离子水中,制备得到浓度为0.01~0.05g/mL的亚硝基硫醇负载溶液;将步骤4制备得到的基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶避光浸泡在所述亚硝基硫醇负载溶液中,使亚硝基硫醇负载于基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶中,得到光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤1中,所述基板分别使用240目,600目,800目的砂纸打磨光滑去除表面的杂质;所述基板为钛合金或铁金属。
3.根据权利要求1所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤1中,所述刻蚀液为体积比为0.15~0.2:1的氢氟酸与水的混合液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤3中,所述巯基丁二酸加入到0~3°C的去离子水中,搅拌,搅拌过程中维持所述巯基丁二酸溶液温度为0~3°C。
5.根据权利要求1所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤2中,用浓度为0.01mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液调节所述盐酸多巴胺溶液的pH值。
6.根据权利要求1所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤3中,所述冷冻干燥的温度为-40~-20°C,时间为6~12h;所述固体粉末依次用去离子水,丙酮和无水乙醇分别清洗3次后,在-20°C避光保存。
7.根据权利要求1所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤4中,所述冷冻-解冻循环处理过程中的冷冻温度为-20°C,解冻温度为25°C;所述冷冻干燥过程中的冷冻温度为-40~-20°C,时间为6~12h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤5中,所述基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶避光浸泡在0~5°C的所述亚硝基硫醇负载溶液中;使亚硝基硫醇负载于基板表面构建的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶中,之后冷冻干燥10~14h后取出,得到光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶;所述冷冻干燥的温度为-40°C,冷冻干燥的时间为12h。
9.一种根据权利要求1~8之一所述的光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶在制备医疗植入体表面的应用。
10.一种光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶,其特征在于:所述光控释放一氧化氮的复合水凝胶包括活性物质及载体,所述活性物质吸附于所述载体上;所述载体为聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶,所述聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖/聚多巴胺水凝胶各成分之间通过氢键作用结合,所述活性物质为亚硝基硫醇。
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