CN114126603A - 用核黄素或dha降低艾拉弗德的病毒活性 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及作为抗病毒剂的艾拉弗德与核黄素或DHA的组合。与未治疗的对照相比,艾拉弗德与核黄素的组合或艾拉弗德与DHA的组合逆转了被艾拉弗德增加的大肠杆菌上的噬菌体T4滴度。因此,这些组合减少了艾拉弗德对肠道微生物菌群的不利副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用核黄素或二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)降低由艾拉弗德(elafibranor)诱导的噬菌体T4滴度。首次检测到了艾拉弗德与核黄素的组合或艾拉弗德与DHA的组合的效应。
背景技术
病毒是由核酸和蛋白质组成的粒子,其需要活细胞来复制和繁殖。细菌噬菌体或简单噬菌体是感染细菌的病毒。它们非常特异,不能感染人类或其他真核细胞。在裂解周期期间,噬菌体感染细菌细胞;然后它使用宿主细胞的复制和翻译机制进行复制和裂解,从而导致新的噬菌体释放到环境中。
噬菌体T4是专性裂解和大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)特异性的。此外,它具有关于大肠杆菌的窄宿主范围(Cieplak等人,2018.Gut Microbes.9(5):391-399)。
噬菌体T4是人类的肠道常驻者,并且可以以高达105PFU/ml的剂量口服施用而无副作用(Bruttin等人,2005Antimicrob Agents Chemother.49(7):2874-8)。
艾拉弗德是一种双重PPARα/δ激动剂(Ratziu等人,Gastroenterology 150,1147-1159,2016),其结构如下所示。
目前正在III期人体试验中评估其对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholicsteatohepatitis,NASH)的可能治疗(RESOLVE-IT,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/ show/NCT02704403)。据报道,它还对血糖、甘油三酯和胆固醇的血清水平具有有益的影响。出乎意料的是,在大肠杆菌感染测定中,艾拉弗德增加了噬菌体T4的滴度。期望有减少或消除艾拉弗德的这种副作用的方法。
发明内容
已经发现核黄素和DHA两者都具有抗噬菌体活性,并且因此可用于预防或控制噬菌体感染,例如使用艾拉弗德时观察到的那些噬菌体感染。此外,我们已经证明,当药物艾拉弗德与核黄素或DHA一起施用时,艾拉弗德不再增加噬菌体T4滴度。此外,核黄素和/或DHA改善了艾拉弗德对肠道微生物菌群的预期不利副作用,即增加大肠中的噬菌体滴度。
因此,本发明的一个实施方式是一种通过向有需要的动物,包括人,施用抗噬菌体有效量的核黄素和/或DHA来治疗、预防和/或减轻噬菌体感染效应的方法。在一些实施方式中,所靶向的噬菌体是T4。
本发明的另一个实施方式是一种治疗、预防和/或减轻动物,包括人中的噬菌体感染效应的方法,所述噬菌体感染与施用根据式I的化合物、旋光异构体、几何异构体、外消旋体、互变异构体、盐或它们的混合物相关联:
其中:
X1是卤素、R1或-G1-R1;
X2是氢、羟基或未经取代的烷氧基;
X3是-R3或-G3-R3;
X4是-R4或-G4-R4;
X5是-R5或-G5-R5;
X6是氧;
R1、R3和R5为相同或不同的,是具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基;
R4是具有有一个至七个被第1组取代基取代的碳原子的烷基;
G1、G3、G4、和G5为相同或不同的,是氧或硫,其中X1、X3、X4和X5中的至少一者分别是G1R1、G3R3、G4R4和G5R5,所述第I组取代基选自由以下项组成的组:-COOR6和-CONR6R7,其中R6和R7为相同或不同的,是氢或具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基、。
本发明的一个实施方式是一种包含式1化合物和核黄素和/或DHA的组合物。另一个实施方式是DHA或核黄素用于降低在动物,包括人中观察到的T4噬菌体活性的用途,这可能与施用式1化合物有关,也可能与施用式1化合物无关。
在优选的实施方式中,式I化合物是艾拉弗德或其盐。
本发明的另一个实施方式是一种降低与艾拉弗德疗法相关联的噬菌体滴度的方法,所述方法包括向正在经历艾拉弗德疗法的人施用核黄素和/或DHA。在一些实施方式中,正在经历这种治疗的动物,包括人,具有非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fattyliver disease,NALFD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、高血糖症、高胆固醇水平和/或高甘油三酯血清水平的症状。
本发明的另一个实施方式是核黄素用于降低与艾拉弗德疗法相关联的T4滴度的用途。本发明的又一个实施方式是DHA用于降低与艾拉弗德疗法相关联的T4滴度的用途。本发明的又一个实施方式是核黄素和DHA用于降低与艾拉弗德疗法相关联的T4滴度的用途。
在本发明的又一个实施方式中,动物,包括人没有表现出需要艾拉弗德疗法的疾病的症状,但是表现出胃肠道中T4滴度升高的症状。这些症状可包括肠道不适、腹泻、痉挛,并且可归因于对肠道中微生物菌群自然群体的破坏。
附图说明
图1:将噬菌体T4和宿主细菌大肠杆菌613以0.01的MOI混合,并在不含化合物(对照)、或含有艾拉弗德(DSM 1,0.02mg/ml)、含有核黄素(DSM5,0.02mg/ml)、含有DHA(DSM 8,0.02mg/ml)、或含有艾拉弗德与核黄素(DSM 15,各自为0.02mg/ml)一起或含有艾拉弗德与DHA(DSM 18,各自为0.02mg/ml)一起的情况下于30℃孵育3小时。给出了噬菌体粒子的数量(PFU)。实验是一式三份进行的。
图2:将噬菌体T4和宿主细菌大肠杆菌613以1000/1的MOI混合,并在不含化合物(对照)、或含有艾拉弗德(DSM 1,0.02mg/ml)、含有DHA(DSM 8,0.02mg/ml)、或含有艾拉弗德与DHA(DSM 18,各自为0.02mg/ml)一起的情况下于30℃孵育3小时。给出了噬菌体粒子的数量(PFU)。实验是一式三份进行的。
定义
艾拉弗德是如下所示的式1化合物:
“T4噬菌体”是指感染大肠杆菌的双链DNA噬菌体。
“核黄素”包括各种形式的维生素B2,包括核糖-5-磷酸。
“DHA”包括各种形式的DHA,包括乙酯。
“共同施用”是指式1化合物和核黄素和/或DHA同时施用或彼此在4小时内施用。在优选实施方式中,它们以相同的剂型或分开的剂型同时施用。
剂量
推荐的每日剂量是监管机构允许的核黄素或DHA的最大剂量。表现出抗T4噬菌体效应有效的剂量可以改变。
对于DHA,(基于制剂中纯DHA的量),人的剂量将是至少500mg/天,优选至少1克/天,更优选2克/天至3克/天,但是可以施用更多。DHA没有由于毒性考虑导致的上限,因此可以在不考虑安全性的情况下施用超过2克/天的量。基于人类考虑,其中人类被认为体重为70千克,对于动物,剂量可以根据动物的体重进行调整。在另一个实施方式中,动物或人的剂量是超生理剂量,该超生理剂量是高于每日所需的DHA量的剂量。
对于核黄素,一个人的营养需求是1.6mg/天,因此根据本发明的推荐剂量将是1-100mg/天,超过了均衡饮食中正常摄入的剂量(1.6mg/天)。对于非人动物,根据本发明的量将比动物的正常日需求量高1-100mg。对于摄入的核黄素在有毒之前的量的上限非常高,因此这些量在人类或动物的安全极限内。
在另一个实施方式中,施用超生理剂量的DHA和核黄素两者,该超生理剂量是高于动物的正常日需求量的量。
艾拉弗德是针对正在治疗的特定病症以本领域已知的剂量施用的。在一个实施方式中,为了与艾拉弗德组合使用,制剂包含艾拉弗德和核黄素和/或DHA。在另一个实施方式中,向正在接受艾拉弗德的动物,包括人施用一定剂量的艾拉弗德和分开剂量的核黄素和/或DHA。该分开的剂量可以是同时施用的,或者该分开的剂量可以在同一天中的不同时间施用。
制剂
本发明的组合物优选为营养组合物形式,例如强化食品、强化饲料或强化饮料,或为强化液体食品/饲料(例如饮料或小丸),用于包括人类在内的动物的丸剂或胶囊剂的形式。
非人动物,包括伴侣动物(例如狗、猫、和马)和为产奶而饲养的动物(例如奶牛、水牛、绵羊和山羊),也可能出现NALFD和/或NASH的症状。此外,这些动物还可能表现出与影响其正常微生物菌群的高T4活性有关的胃部症状。
根据本发明的膳食和药物组合物可以为适用于向包括人体在内的动物机体施用的任何盖仑剂型,尤其是常规用于口服施用的任何形式,例如为固体形式,例如食品或饲料(用于食品或饲料的添加剂/补充剂)、食品或饲料预混料、强化食品或饲料、片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、糖衣丸、胶囊剂和泡腾制剂(例如粉剂和片剂);或为液体形式,例如溶液剂、乳剂或混悬剂,如例如饮料、糊剂和油性混悬剂。糊剂可封装在硬壳或软壳胶囊中,由此所述胶囊的特征为例如具有(鱼、猪、家禽、牛)明胶、植物蛋白或木质素磺酸盐的基质。其他应用形式的示例是用于经皮、肠胃外或注射施用的形式。膳食和药物组合物可以呈受控(延缓)释放制剂的形式。
实施例
核黄素或DHA逆转了艾拉弗德的抗噬菌体活性
方法:
艾拉弗德(GFT505,CAS号923978-27-2)来自BioVision,Inc.(San Francisco,California,USA)。核黄素(CAS号83-88-5)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,CAS号6217-54-5)来自DSM Nutritional Products Ltd(Kaiseraugst,Switzerland)。所有储备溶液都是在20mg/ml DMSO中。所有化合物都是以0.02mg/ml的最终浓度使用的。
使大肠杆菌在液体LB(溶源性肉汤)培养基中生长。将噬菌体T4和宿主细菌大肠杆菌以0.01的感染复数(每个感染细胞的病毒粒子数,MOI)混合,并有或没有化合物的情况下于30℃孵育3小时,如图1所示。通过在琼脂上铺板来测定噬菌体粒子的数量(PFU)。
结果:
在MOI为0.01的大肠杆菌的液体培养物中测试单独的艾拉弗德或艾拉弗德与核黄素或DHA的组合对噬菌体T4滴度的影响,之后在琼脂平板上进行噬斑测定以对PFU进行计数(图1)。在这些条件下,艾拉弗德显著提高了噬菌体T4的PFU。与未治疗的对照相比,核黄素或DHA降低了噬菌体T4的PFU。在艾拉弗德和核黄素的组合的情况下,噬菌体T4的PFU被恢复至对照水平。在艾拉弗德与DHA的组合的情况下,噬菌体T4的PFU甚至被降低到了由单独的DHA显示出的水平(图1)。
在MOI为100/1的大肠杆菌的液体培养物中,测试了单独的艾拉弗德或与核黄素或二十二碳六烯酸组合的艾拉弗德对噬菌体T4滴度的影响,之后在琼脂平板上进行噬斑测定以对PFU进行计数(图1)。在这些条件下,艾拉弗德显著提高了噬菌体T4的PFU。与未治疗的对照相比,核黄素或DHA降低了噬菌体T4的PFU。在艾拉弗德和核黄素的组合的情况下,噬菌体T4的PFU被恢复至对照水平。在艾拉弗德与DHA的组合的情况下,噬菌体T4的PFU甚至被降低到了由单独的DHA显示出的水平(图1)。
当MOI为1000/1时,艾拉弗德与DHA的组合使噬菌体滴度恢复至对照水平(图2)。
总的来说,核黄素或DHA抵消了艾拉弗德对噬菌体T4滴度的影响,由此MOI是关键参数。
因此,核黄素以及DHA可有助于在用艾拉弗德治疗的患者中维持关于噬菌体滴度的健康肠道微生物菌群。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗、预防或减轻有需要或有风险的动物,包括人中的噬菌体感染的方法,所述方法包括向所述动物施用有效量的核黄素和/或DHA。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述噬菌体感染与施用根据式I的化合物、旋光异构体、几何异构体、外消旋体、互变异构体、盐或它们的混合物相关联:
其中:
X1是卤素、R1或-G1-R1;
X2是氢、羟基或未经取代的烷氧基;
X3是-R3或-G3-R3;
X4是-R4或-G4-R4;
X5是-R5或-G5-R5;
X6是氧;
R1、R3和R5为相同或不同的,是具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基;
R4是具有有一个至七个被第1组取代基取代的碳原子的烷基;
G1、G3、G4、和G5为相同或不同的,是氧或硫,其中X1、X3、X4和X5中的至少一者分别是G1R1、G3R3、G4R4和G5R5,所述第I组取代基选自由以下项组成的组:-COOR6和-CONR6R7,其中R6和R7为相同或不同的,是氢或具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基,所述方法包括:
向所述动物,包括人共同施用抗噬菌体有效量的DHA或核黄素。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中式1化合物是艾拉弗德。
4.DHA和/或核黄素用于治疗、预防或减轻动物,包括人中的噬菌体感染的用途。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其中所述感染与施用根据式I的化合物、旋光异构体、几何异构体、外消旋体、互变异构体、盐或它们的混合物相关联:
其中:
X1是卤素、R1或-G1-R1;
X2是氢、羟基或未经取代的烷氧基;
X3是-R3或-G3-R3;
X4是-R4或-G4-R4;
X5是-R5或-G5-R5;
X6是氧;
R1、R3和R5为相同或不同的,是具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基;
R4是具有有一个至七个被第1组取代基取代的碳原子的烷基;
G1、G3、G4、和G5为相同或不同的,是氧或硫,其中X1、X3、X4和X5中的至少一者分别是G1R1、G3R3、G4R4和G5R5,所述第I组取代基选自由以下项组成的组:-COOR6和-CONR6R7,其中R6和R7为相同或不同的,是氢或具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用途,其中所述化合物是艾拉弗德。
7.一种组合物,所述组合物包含根据式1的化合物或旋光异构体、几何异构体、外消旋体、互变异构体、盐或它们的混合物,以及核黄素或DHA;
其中:
X1是卤素、R1或-G1-R1;
X2是氢、羟基或未经取代的烷氧基;
X3是-R3或-G3-R3;
X4是-R4或-G4-R4;
X5是-R5或-G5-R5;
X6是氧;
R1、R3和R5为相同或不同的,是具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基;
R4是具有有一个至七个被第1组取代基取代的碳原子的烷基;
G1、G3、G4、和G5为相同或不同的,是氧或硫,其中X1、X3、X4和X5中的至少一者分别是G1R1、G3R3、G4R4和G5R5,所述第I组取代基选自由以下项组成的组:-COOR6和-CONR6R7,其中R6和R7为相同或不同的,是氢或具有一个至七个碳原子的未经取代的烷基。
8.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中所述式1化合物是艾拉弗德。
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- 2020-06-16 CN CN202080049085.6A patent/CN114126603A/zh active Pending
- 2020-06-16 WO PCT/EP2020/066652 patent/WO2021004736A1/en unknown
- 2020-06-16 BR BR112022000175A patent/BR112022000175A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2020-06-16 JP JP2021576353A patent/JP2022540330A/ja active Pending
- 2020-06-16 KR KR1020227004094A patent/KR20220034163A/ko unknown
- 2020-06-16 US US17/625,295 patent/US20220257550A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-16 EP EP20733929.2A patent/EP3996698A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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US20220257550A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
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WO2021004736A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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