CN114106847A - Carbon-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys edulis acidified soil - Google Patents
Carbon-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys edulis acidified soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114106847A CN114106847A CN202111574991.0A CN202111574991A CN114106847A CN 114106847 A CN114106847 A CN 114106847A CN 202111574991 A CN202111574991 A CN 202111574991A CN 114106847 A CN114106847 A CN 114106847A
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Abstract
The invention provides a carbon-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys edulis acidified soil. The carbon-based conditioner for improving the phyllostachys praecox acidified soil comprises the following components: biomass charcoal; soil inorganic/organic conditioners; deionized water; the soil inorganic/organic conditioner comprises: inorganic soil conditioner and organic soil conditioner. According to the carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of the phyllostachys praecox forest, the field biomass carbon is applied to the two soil conditioners according to a certain proportion, so that adverse effects on the soil environment quality caused by large-scale application of the conditioners can be avoided, and the improvement effect on the acidified soil is relatively increased compared with the single application of the biomass carbon and the soil conditioner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of improvement of phyllostachys praecox forest acidified soil, in particular to a carbon-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys praecox forest acidified soil.
Background
Along with the continuous development and progress of cities, the natural environment is damaged and affected due to vigorous development, and in agricultural soil, the phyllostachys edulis forest is used as one kind of soil, during planting, a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the phyllostachys edulis forest, intensive operation is conducted, so that the soil acidification area is continuously increased, large-area soil acidification needs to be timely conditioned, and the soil can be kept in normal planting.
The traditional materials such as soil conditioner lime, limestone and the like can only reduce soil acidity and slow down the migration of soil nutrients, do not provide nutrients required for the growth and development of crops, and cause the problems of soil hardening and the like after long-term application.
However, in recent years, soil conditioners are continuously developed, the soil conditioners can improve the obstacle soil and have a yield increasing effect on normal soil, the soil conditioners have better effects than the traditional materials such as lime, limestone and the like, but the application amount is too much, certain adverse effects can be caused on the soil environment quality, and the aims of improving the soil quality and improving the quality of agricultural products are difficult to achieve.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys edulis forest to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a carbon-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys edulis acidified soil, which solves the problem that the application amount of a soil conditioner is inconvenient to control.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of the phyllostachys edulis forest, which comprises the following components:
biomass charcoal;
soil inorganic/organic conditioners;
deionized water;
the soil inorganic/organic conditioner comprises: inorganic soil conditioners and organic soil conditioners;
the biomass charcoal is applied to the phyllostachys pracecox forest soil with the soil inorganic conditioner and the soil organic conditioner respectively, so that adverse effects on soil environment quality caused by large-scale application of the conditioners can be avoided, and the improvement effect on acidified soil is relatively increased compared with the single application of the biomass charcoal and the soil conditioner.
Preferably, the biomass charcoal is corn stalk carbon and is marked as B, the soil inorganic conditioner is marked as W, and the soil organic conditioner is marked as Y.
Preferably, the biomass charcoal comprises 2% of B1And 4% of B2。
Preferably, the inorganic soil conditioner comprises 0.3% of W1And 0.6% of W2。
Preferably, the biomass charcoal and the soil inorganic conditioner are mixed to prepare a charcoal-based/inorganic conditioner, and a charcoal-based/inorganic conditioner control group is as follows:
W1B1、W1B2、W2B1、W2B2。
preferably, the organic soil conditioner comprises 3.6% of Y1And 7.2% of Y2。
Preferably, the biomass charcoal and the soil organic conditioner are mixed to prepare a charcoal-based/organic conditioner, and a charcoal-based/organic conditioner control group comprises the following components:
Y1B1、Y1B2、Y2B1、Y2B2。
preferably, B is1The carbon consumption of the corn straws is 200 kg/mu, and B is2The carbon consumption of the corn straws is 400 kg/mu.
Preferably, said W1The dosage of the inorganic conditioner in the soil is 100 kg/mu, and the dosage of the W is2The dosage of the inorganic conditioner for soil is 200 kg/mu.
Preferably, said Y is1Is an organic conditioner for soilThe dosage is 450 kg/mu, and the amount of Y is2The dosage of the organic conditioner for soil is 900 kg/mu.
Compared with the related art, the carbon-based conditioner for improving the phyllostachys praecox acidified soil provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys praecox forest, which is applied by field biomass carbon and two soil conditioners according to a certain proportion, so that the adverse effect on the soil environment quality caused by the large-scale application of the conditioners can be avoided, and the improvement effect on the acidified soil is relatively increased compared with the single application of the biomass carbon and the soil conditioner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum drying dish part required to be used in an experimental process of a carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of bamboo forest provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the light shield portion shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the light shield portion shown in fig. 3.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1. a vacuum drying dish;
2. placing a tray;
3. a light-shielding cover;
4. a glass dish;
5. an outer ring 51 and a support rod are arranged;
6. a light shield;
7. a light blocking ring 71 and a vent hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4 in combination, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum drying dish portion required to be used in an experimental process of a carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys praecox provided by the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the light shield portion shown in FIG. 1; fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the light shield portion shown in fig. 3.
A carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys edulis forest comprises the following components:
biomass charcoal;
soil inorganic/organic conditioners;
deionized water;
the soil inorganic/organic conditioner comprises: inorganic soil conditioners and organic soil conditioners;
the biomass charcoal is applied to the phyllostachys pracecox forest soil with the soil inorganic conditioner and the soil organic conditioner respectively, so that adverse effects on soil environment quality caused by large-scale application of the conditioners can be avoided, and the improvement effect on acidified soil is relatively increased compared with the single application of the biomass charcoal and the soil conditioner.
The biomass charcoal is corn straw carbon and is marked as B, the soil inorganic conditioner is marked as W, and the soil organic conditioner is marked as Y.
The biomass charcoal comprises 2 percent of B1And 4% of B2。
The inorganic soil conditioner comprises 0.3 percent of W1And 0.6% of W2。
The biomass charcoal and the soil inorganic conditioner are mixed to prepare the carbon-based/inorganic conditioner, and the carbon-based/inorganic conditioner control group comprises the following components:
W1B1、W1B2、W2B1、W2B2。
the organic soil conditioner comprises 3.6 percent of Y1And 7.2% of Y2。
The biomass charcoal and the soil organic conditioner are mixed to prepare the charcoal-based/organic conditioner, and a charcoal-based/organic conditioner control group comprises the following components:
Y1B1、Y1B2、Y2B1、Y2B2。
b is1The carbon consumption of the corn straws is 200 kg/mu, and B is2Is corn stalkThe carbon dosage is 400 kg/mu.
The W is1The dosage of the inorganic conditioner in the soil is 100 kg/mu, and the dosage of the W is2The dosage of the inorganic conditioner for soil is 200 kg/mu.
Said Y is1The dosage of the organic conditioner for soil is 450 kg/mu, and the dosage of the Y is2The dosage of the organic conditioner for soil is 900 kg/mu.
Practical application 1:
biomass charcoal-corn stalk charcoal: 200 kg/mu-B1;
inorganic soil conditioner: 100 kg/mu-W1 and 200 kg/mu-W2.
Practical application 1:
biomass charcoal-corn stalk charcoal: 400 kg/mu-B2;
organic soil conditioner: 450 kg/mu-Y1 and 900 kg/mu-Y2.
Collecting soil in phyllostachys praecox forest soil, removing surface withered and fallen objects such as dry branches and fallen leaves on the surface, collecting a soil sample with the surface layer of 0-20 cm, carrying the soil sample back to a laboratory for air drying treatment, removing impurities such as bamboo roots, plant residues and stones, sieving by a 2mm sieve, and uniformly mixing for later use;
the carbon-based/inorganic conditioner is selected from the following components:
2% of B1And 4% of B20.3% of W1And 0.6% of W2；
Control group 1:
2% of B1And 0.3% of W1W prepared by mixing1B1；
Control group 2:
4% of B2And 0.3% of W1W prepared by mixing1B2；
Control group 3:
2% of B1And 0.6% of W2W prepared by mixing2B1；
Control group 4:
4% of B2And 0.6% of W2W prepared by mixing2B2；
The carbon-based/organic conditioner is selected from the following components:
2% of B1And 4% of B23.6% of Y1And 7.2% of Y2；
Control group:
control group 1:
3.6% of Y1And 2% of B1Y prepared by mixing1B1；
Control group 2:
3.6% of Y1And 4% of B2Y prepared by mixing1B2；
Control group 3:
7.2% of Y2And 2% of B1Y prepared by mixing2B1；
Control group 4:
7.2% of Y2And 4% of B2Y prepared by mixing2B2。
Fully and uniformly mixing biomass charcoal, an inorganic/organic soil conditioner and phyllostachys praecox forest soil according to the experimental proportion of a control group, then filling the mixture into a plastic basin, adding deionized water for wetting, and adjusting the water content of the soil to be 60% of the maximum Water Holding Capacity (WHC) in the field;
sowing 10 ryegrass seeds in each pot, and taking the growth and development condition of ryegrass as an index for improving the soil quality;
after the seeds sprout for 7 days, thinning the seedlings to 5 plants per pot, and continuously culturing for three months;
the test is carried out in a greenhouse, no fertilizer is applied in the test process to avoid obscuring the improvement effect of the biomass charcoal, and the test is irrigated by deionized water at regular intervals to keep the soil humidity;
three months later, collecting ryegrass, and cleaning with deionized water;
drying the cleaned plant sample for 3d to constant weight at 65 ℃ by using an oven, and recording the dry weight of the plant;
in addition, collecting a soil sample, sieving the soil sample by a 2mm sieve, uniformly mixing the soil sample and the sieve, and carrying out experimental analysis;
the samples are stored in 3 portions:
1 part of soil sample is frozen and dried and stored in the environment of-70 ℃;
1 part of the mixture is sieved and stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃;
and naturally drying the residual sample for soil physical and chemical property analysis.
In the experimental analysis process, the soil physical and chemical property measurement index, the soil enzyme activity measurement, the soil microorganism amount measurement and the soil basic respiration measurement need to be respectively carried out.
Soil physicochemical property measurement indexes:
(1) soil volume weight: measuring by adopting a ring cutter method;
(2) soil pH and conductivity: extracting according to the soil-water ratio of 1:2.5, and respectively measuring by using a pH meter and a conductivity meter;
(3) soil organic matter: potassium dichromate external thermolysis;
(4) measuring the water content of the soil;
(5) measuring the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus of the soil;
(6) soil exchange acid determination: measuring by using a potassium chloride exchange-neutralization titration method;
(7) and (3) determining the soil quick-acting potassium: flame photometry;
(8) and (3) measuring available phosphorus in soil: uniformly measuring the samples by a sodium bicarbonate method;
(9) and (3) determining the organic carbon content of the soil: the determination is carried out by adopting a potassium dichromate external heating method.
Determination of soil enzyme activity:
the experiment determined 7 soil enzyme activities involving C, N, P cycles:
alpha-glucosidase (AG), beta-glucosidase (BG), Cellobiohydrolase (CB), beta-Xylosidase (XYL), Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP), N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), acid Phosphatase (PHOS);
the first four enzymes are associated with soil microorganism C decomposition, the last enzyme is associated with soil microorganism P acquisition, and the remaining two enzymes are associated with soil microorganism N acquisition.
The above 7 soil enzyme activity was measured by the fluorescent microplate detection technique of Saiya-Cork et al [151 ].
Soil microorganism amount determination:
measuring soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen by adopting a chloroform fumigation method;
weighing 10.0g of fresh soil sample passing through a 2mm sieve in a glass dish, putting the glass dish into a vacuum drying dish, placing a sufficient amount of ethanol-free chloroform, and putting sodium hydroxide to absorb CO released during fumigation2Vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump, culturing for 24 hours in a dark place, and meanwhile, weighing another equal-quantity soil sample, placing the soil sample in another drying vessel without fumigating to serve as a control;
after the fumigation is finished, a sample is extracted by using a potassium sulfate solution, a filtrate is diluted and then is measured by using a TOC analyzer (Shimadzu, TOC-Vcph, Japan), when the calculation is carried out, the MBC is Ec/0.45, the MBN is Ec/0.54, wherein Ec is the difference value of the carbon and nitrogen contents respectively measured by the fumigation and the comparison, and 0.45 and 0.54 are respectively the extraction coefficients of the MBC and the MBN.
Determination of soil basal respiration:
(1) preparing a cresol red detection plate:
dissolving 100ml indicator prepared by mixing cresol red (12.5mg, L-1), potassium chloride (150mmol, L-1) and sodium bicarbonate (2.5mmol, L-1) in 150ml agar (3%), adding into the micropores of a detection plate, and storing the prepared detection microporous plate in a drier containing soda lime for later use;
(2) weighing 0.30g of soil sample, adding into each deep hole plate, uniformly adding sterilized water, adjusting to 60% of field water capacity, reversely buckling the prepared micropore detection plate on the deep hole plate, fixing and compacting by using a clamp, and culturing for 6h in an incubator at 25 ℃;
the respiratory intensity of soil microorganisms treated differently is different, and CO is released2The concentration is also different, and the indicator absorbs CO released by soil2Changing pH value to cause change of light absorption value of indicator, measuring light absorption values of indicator before and after culturing at 570nm wavelength by detection plate, and calculating CO2Production rate of (2);
(3)CO2the concentration and indicator color change standard curves were calculated according to the following formula:
CO2(％)＝A+B/(1+D×Ait)，
wherein, A is-0.2265, B is-1.606, D is-6.771;
the data was normalized using the following formula:
Ai6＝(At6/At0)×Mean(At0)，
Ai0＝(At0/At0)×Mean(At0)，
in the formula, At6 is the light absorption value of the detection plate after the soil sample is added and cultured for 6h, and At0 is the light absorption value of the detection plate when the soil sample is not added and cultured;
CO2production rate [ μ g. (g. h) -1]Calculated according to the following formula:
CO2yield of [ CO ]2(％)/100]×L×(44/22.4)×(12/44)×[273/(273+T)]/(W×U)/t，
Wherein T is the culture temperature (25 ℃), L is the pore volume (945. mu.L) of the detection plate, W is the fresh weight of soil, U is the water content of soil, and T is the culture time (6 h).
The soil quality improvement technology of applying two soil conditioners by using the corn straw charcoal in a matching manner can improve the pH value of the phyllostachys praecox forest soil by more than 0.5 unit in a half year by applying fertilizer according to each formula proportion, the total microbial quantity, the functional bacteria and the related enzyme activity are improved by more than 30%, and the yield is improved by more than 10%.
The vacuum drying dish needs to meet the requirement of avoiding light in the using process, so the invention also provides a vacuum drying dish for the experiment of the carbon-based conditioner, which comprises the following components:
the vacuum drying dish comprises a vacuum drying dish 1 and a storage disk 2, wherein the storage disk 2 is arranged inside the vacuum drying dish 1;
the bottom of the light avoiding cover 3 is movably arranged at the top of the object placing disc 2;
a glass dish 4, wherein the surface of the glass dish 4 is arranged inside the light avoiding cover 3;
the bottom of the outer containing ring 5 is arranged at the top of the object placing disc 2, and a support rod 51 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the outer containing ring 5;
the bottom of the light shield 6 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the support rod 51;
the top of the light blocking ring 7 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the light shield 6, and the light blocking ring 7 is provided with a vent hole 71.
The vacuum drying dish 1 and the object placing plate 2 adopt equipment in the prior art, are far away from the equipment in the prior art and do not need excessive explanation;
the outer surface and the inner surface of the light avoiding cover 3 are covered by black stickers and are used for storing and containing the glass vessel 4, and when the glass vessel 4 is arranged at the inner side of the light avoiding cover 3, the bottom of the glass vessel 4 can be stably shielded;
the containing outer ring 5 is arranged on the outer side of the light avoiding cover 3, and the top of the containing outer ring is provided with a containing groove for storing sodium hydroxide;
the surface of the outer ring 5 is connected with a light shield 6 through a support rod 51 at the inner side, and the light shield 6 is arranged right above the glass dish 4 and is used for shading the upper part of the glass dish 4;
the bottom of light-shield 6 blocks the light of glass ware 4 top through multilayer light ring 7 of hindering, can ventilate and take a breath each other through air vent 71 between the multiunit light ring 7 simultaneously for the carbon dioxide that produces when glass ware 4 part reflects can be stable carry to the top that holds outer ring 5, so that the abundant contact of carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide.
When in use, the vacuum drying dish 1 is opened;
transferring a fresh soil sample into a glass dish 4, adding part of chloroform without ethanol, sleeving a light-shielding cover 3 at the bottom of the glass dish 4, and integrally installing the glass dish 4 in the middle of an object placing disc 2;
the top of the outer containing ring 5 is provided with sodium hydroxide, the outer containing ring 5 is integrally arranged outside the glass dish 4 together with the light shield 6 after the sodium hydroxide is arranged, and the light shield 6 drives the light blocking ring 7 below to block the upper part of the glass dish 4;
the vacuum drying dish 1 is closed for vacuum treatment.
Compared with the related art, the carbon-based conditioner for improving the phyllostachys praecox acidified soil provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the field biomass charcoal and the two soil conditioners are applied according to a certain proportion, so that adverse effects on soil environment quality caused by large-scale application of the conditioners can be avoided, and the improvement effect on acidified soil is relatively increased compared with the single application of the biomass charcoal and the soil conditioners.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys edulis is characterized by comprising the following components:
biomass charcoal;
soil inorganic/organic conditioners;
deionized water;
the soil inorganic/organic conditioner comprises: inorganic soil conditioners and organic soil conditioners;
the biomass charcoal is applied to the phyllostachys pracecox forest soil with the soil inorganic conditioner and the soil organic conditioner respectively, so that adverse effects on soil environment quality caused by large-scale application of the conditioners can be avoided, and the improvement effect on acidified soil is relatively increased compared with the single application of the biomass charcoal and the soil conditioner.
2. The charcoal-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys praecox acidified soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biomass charcoal is corn stalk charcoal designated as B, said soil inorganic conditioner designated as W, and said soil organic conditioner designated as Y.
3. The charcoal-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys praecox acidified soil of claim 2, wherein said biomass charcoal comprises 2% of B1And 4% of B2。
4. The carbon-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys praecox acidified soil as claimed in claim 3, wherein the soil is inorganicThe conditioning agent comprises 0.3% of W1And 0.6% of W2。
5. The charcoal-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys praecox as claimed in claim 4, wherein the biomass charcoal and the soil inorganic conditioner are mixed to prepare a charcoal-based/inorganic conditioner, and the charcoal-based/inorganic conditioner control group comprises:
W1B1、W1B2、W2B1、W2B2。
6. the carbon-based conditioner for improving phyllostachys praecox acidified soil of claim 3, wherein the soil organic conditioner comprises 3.6% Y1And 7.2% of Y2。
7. The charcoal-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys praecox as claimed in claim 6, wherein the biomass charcoal and the organic soil conditioner are mixed to prepare a charcoal-based/organic conditioner, and the charcoal-based/organic conditioner control group comprises:
Y1B1、Y1B2、Y2B1、Y2B2。
8. the carbon-based conditioner for improving Phyllostachys praecox acidified soil of claim 3, wherein B is1The carbon consumption of the corn straws is 200 kg/mu, and B is2The carbon consumption of the corn straws is 400 kg/mu.
9. The carbon-based conditioner for improving Phyllostachys praecox acidified soil of claim 4, wherein W is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride1The dosage of the inorganic conditioner in the soil is 100 kg/mu, and the dosage of the W is2The dosage of the inorganic conditioner for soil is 200 kg/mu.
10. The carbon-based conditioner for improving the acidified soil of phyllostachys edulis as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carbon-based conditioner is prepared by mixing the above ingredientsIn that said Y is1The dosage of the organic conditioner for soil is 450 kg/mu, and the dosage of the Y is2The dosage of the organic conditioner for soil is 900 kg/mu.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115093857A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-23 | 福建省林业科学研究院 | Acidified soil remediation material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115093857A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-23 | 福建省林业科学研究院 | Acidified soil remediation material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220301 |