CN106688846A - Configuration and assay method thereof for strawberry organic ecological type soilless culture substrate - Google Patents
Configuration and assay method thereof for strawberry organic ecological type soilless culture substrate Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a configuration and assay method thereof for strawberry organic ecological type soilless culture substrate. Comparing with existing technology, the configuration mixes waste material cotton straws of agricultural production, mushroom residues after being ferment, and traditional cultivated material peat, vermiculite in different proportion, and researches the influence of the mixture substrate on the growth and development of strawberries, consequently, the configuration and assay method thereof is capable of developing a substrate formula suitable for strawberry cultivation both of strawberry high quality and high efficient , providing a good substrate for the healthy development of strawberry, having the value of promoting application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breed of crop experimental technique, more particularly to a kind of strawberry organic ecological soilless culture base
The configuration of matter and assay method.
Background technology
With the continuous expansion of China's soilless culture area, soilless culture also increases the demand of matrix year after year.Mushroom slag
And cotton stalk can not only solve the problem that recycles of agricultural wastes by fermentation as soilless culture substrate, but also
The cost of substrate culture can be reduced.There is not correlation technique in prior art, accordingly, it would be desirable to a kind of new method determines preferred side
Case.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that and provide a kind of strawberry organic ecological soilless culture base in order to solve the above problems
The configuration of matter and assay method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：
The present invention is comprised the following steps：
(1) pre-treatment of matrix and formula are processed：
Collect cotton stalk and mushroom slag and crush, prepare turf, fermentation temperature is become thoroughly decomposed and determined to material, after becoming thoroughly decomposed according to
Following experiment substrate composition：
| Treatment | Fine sand | Turf | Cotton stalk | Mushroom slag | Vermiculite |
| CK | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Totally 8 treatment, wherein using common prescription turf：Vermiculite 2：1 is control, and treatment 7 is full sand culture, each treatment 5
Basin, 3 repetitions；
(2) assay method and measurement result of mixed substrate physicochemical property；
1. unit weight, water-holding porosity, aeration porosity, total porosity and the WGR of mixed substrate are determined：
The matrix of different ratio is loaded in the container of known volume (100ml), saturation state is inwardly added water to, weighed full
With different ratio matrix weight (W under water state1), claim different ratio matrix weight (W after being inverted 24h2), different ratio matrix after drying
Weight (W3)；Unit weight=W3/V；Total porosity (%)=(W1- W3)/V×100；Water-holding porosity (%)=(W2- W3)/V×
100；Aeration porosity=total porosity-water-holding porosity；WGR=water-holding porosity/aeration porosity；
2. the pH value and EC values of mixed substrate are determined：
Each treatment takes three parts of air-dried mixed substrate sample 10g or so, is placed in triangular flask, vibration, plus distilled water 50ml.
Determined using conductivity gauge and PH meters；
3. the full carbon and full nitrogen and carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed substrate are determined：
Determine the amount of total carbon and total nitrogen in the matrix of different ratio respectively using gravimetric method and Kjeldahl's method；Carbon-nitrogen ratio=
Total carbon/total nitrogen content；
(3) influence that investigation mixed substrate grows to strawberry:(such as table 4)
1. in experiment station of agricultural college greenhouse, the strawberry that kind is sweet Charlie of being transplanted in the good matrix of mixture；
2. the survival rate of nursery stock is 100%；
3. strawberry plant height is determined：Using tape measure, each processes the natural height of strawberry petiole base to most linear leaf
Degree, three repetitions are taken the mean；
4. strawberry stem is determined thick：
Using vernier caliper measurement, each processes the diameter of strawberry rhizome portion, and three repetitions are taken the mean；
5. the chlorophyll content of strawberry different times is determined:(such as Fig. 1)
Different times plant from up to down the 4th multiple chlorophyll relative content SPAD value is determined using chlorophyll meter；
6. fruit quality is determined：
It is plantation high-quality fruit, it is 3-4 that every plant is stayed fruit, and 5 plants of each treatment determines three batches of totally ten fruits, three repetitions
Averaging, show that single fruit weight and strain are produced；
(4) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit quality is determined：(such as table 3)
1. soluble reducing sugars content：Measured using anthrone colorimetry
A. anthrone reagent is configured：0.2g anthrones are taken with a ten thousandth balance be dissolved into 80%H2SO4In, with 80%H2SO4It is fixed
Hold 100ml, same day preparation is used；
B. standard curve is made
Glucose standards solution is prepared：The glucose solution of 1g/L is first made into, then absorption 1,2,3,4,5,6mL point respectively
Be not placed in 100mL volumetric flasks, scale be settled to distilled water, can obtain 0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,0.06mg/
The glucose series concentration of mL；
Glucose standard curve makes：Series standard glucose solution is drawn, each 1mL of distilled water is respectively placed in 6 test tubes
In, plus the cold anthrone reagents of people 4mL, mix, in glass marble in test tube lid, 10min is heated in boiling water bath, cold water is used after taking-up
After cooling 20min, A (absorption photometric value at 620nm) is surveyed, with absorbance as ordinate, Standard for Sugars solution concentration is abscissa,
Paint standard curve；
C. reducing sugar test：Strawberry pulp 0.5g or so is weighed with a ten thousandth balance, is put into conical flask, add 30ml
Water, is put into 30min in 80 degrees Celsius of water-bath, in taking-up cold filtration to the volumetric flask of 50ml；Then this 1ml additions are sampled
Test tube, adds the cold anthrone reagents of 4ml, is put into 10min in 100 degrees Celsius of water-bath, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature, light splitting light
Degree meter is adjusted to 620nm and is measured；
Formula：
In formula：W：The mass fraction (%) of sugar
C：The sugared mass fraction (mg/ml) found from standard curve
V：Volume (ml) after Sample Dilution
m：The quality (mg) of sample
2. organic acid content：Measured using acid-base titration
A. strawberry pulp 5g or so is weighed, with a small amount of distilled water flushing to 50mL triangular flasks, adding water to 30mL or so,
It is placed in 80 DEG C of water-baths and extracts 30min, stirred 1 time every 5min, take out cooled and filtered, filtrate is closed with residue filtrate is rinsed
And, constant volume 50mL；Shake up, be used for determining, totally 4 treatment；
B. filter each treatment and take triangular flask and each 3 of funnel, titrated, carry out standby；
C. determine each treatment to take 50mL and do clean triangular flask 3, be respectively charged into the sample extracting solution 10mL for having filtered, 1%
Phenolphthalein 3 is dripped, and blush is titrated to 0.1mol/LNaOH, and shake 1min is colour-fast to be titration end-point, record consumption alkali lye
Quantity；
In formula：W --- example weight (g)；C --- dilution total amount (ml)；
K --- conversion coefficient：Malic acid is 67, and tartaric acid is 75；
D --- the sample liquid number (ml) taken during measure；A --- NaOH numbers (ml) is consumed during titration
3. sugar-acid ratio=fruit soluble sugar content/fruit titratable acid content
4. fruit soluble solids content is determined：
By the grinding of whole fruits in after pulpous state, determined with hand refractometer；
5. the hardness of fruit is determined：
By each fruit, determined with hand-held fruit hardness meter, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
(5) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit shape is determined：
1. fruit transverse diameter is determined：
By each fruit, determined with slide measure, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
2. the vertical footpath of fruit is determined：
By each fruit, determined with slide measure, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
3. fruit type index=vertical footpath/transverse diameter.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is configuration and the assay method of a kind of strawberry organic ecological soilless culture substrate, with prior art phase
Than, the present invention using agricultural production waste material cotton stalk and mushroom slag by fermenting after with traditional cultivation material turf, leech
Stone carries out the mixture of different proportion, influence of the research mixed substrate to Strawberry Growth, so as to develop suitable strawberry high-quality
The matrix formulations of efficient cultivated strawberry, for the sound development of strawberry provides a kind of excellent substrates, the value with popularization and application.
Brief description of the drawings：
The chlorophyll relative content SPAD values of Fig. 1 strawberry different times
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below：
The present invention is comprised the following steps：
(1) pre-treatment of matrix and formula are processed：
Collect cotton stalk and mushroom slag and crush, prepare turf, fermentation temperature is become thoroughly decomposed and determined to material, after becoming thoroughly decomposed according to
Following experiment substrate composition：
| Treatment | Fine sand | Turf | Cotton stalk | Mushroom slag | Vermiculite |
| CK | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Totally 8 treatment, wherein using common prescription turf：Vermiculite 2：1 is control, and treatment 7 is full sand culture, each treatment 5
Basin, 3 repetitions；
(2) assay method and measurement result of mixed substrate physicochemical property；
1. unit weight, water-holding porosity, aeration porosity, total porosity and the WGR of mixed substrate are determined：
The matrix of different ratio is loaded in the container of known volume (100ml), saturation state is inwardly added water to, weighed full
With different ratio matrix weight (W under water state1), claim different ratio matrix weight (W after being inverted 24h2), different ratio matrix after drying
Weight (W3)；Unit weight=W3/V；Total porosity (%)=(W1- W3)/V×100；Water-holding porosity (%)=(W2- W3)/V×
100；Aeration porosity=total porosity-water-holding porosity；WGR=water-holding porosity/aeration porosity；
2. the pH value and EC values of mixed substrate are determined：
Each treatment takes three parts of air-dried mixed substrate sample 10g or so, is placed in triangular flask, vibration, plus distilled water 50ml.
Determined using conductivity gauge and PH meters；
3. the full carbon and full nitrogen and carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed substrate are determined：
Determine the amount of total carbon and total nitrogen in the matrix of different ratio respectively using gravimetric method and Kjeldahl's method；Carbon-nitrogen ratio=
Total carbon/total nitrogen content；
(3) influence that investigation mixed substrate grows to strawberry:(such as table 4)
1. in experiment station of agricultural college greenhouse, the strawberry that kind is sweet Charlie of being transplanted in the good matrix of mixture；
2. the survival rate of nursery stock is 100%；
3. strawberry plant height is determined：Using tape measure, each processes the natural height of strawberry petiole base to most linear leaf
Degree, three repetitions are taken the mean；
4. strawberry stem is determined thick：
Using vernier caliper measurement, each processes the diameter of strawberry rhizome portion, and three repetitions are taken the mean；
5. the chlorophyll content of strawberry different times is determined:(such as Fig. 1)
Different times plant from up to down the 4th multiple chlorophyll relative content SPAD value is determined using chlorophyll meter；
6. fruit quality is determined：
It is plantation high-quality fruit, it is 3-4 that every plant is stayed fruit, and 5 plants of each treatment determines three batches of totally ten fruits, three repetitions
Averaging, show that single fruit weight and strain are produced；
(4) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit quality is determined：(such as table 3)
1. soluble reducing sugars content：Measured using anthrone colorimetry
A. anthrone reagent is configured：0.2g anthrones are taken with a ten thousandth balance be dissolved into 80%H2SO4In, with 80%H2SO4It is fixed
Hold 100ml, same day preparation is used；
B. standard curve is made
Glucose standards solution is prepared：The glucose solution of 1g/L is first made into, then absorption 1,2,3,4,5,6mL point respectively
Be not placed in 100mL volumetric flasks, scale be settled to distilled water, can obtain 0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,0.06mg/
The glucose series concentration of mL；
Glucose standard curve makes：Series standard glucose solution is drawn, each 1mL of distilled water is respectively placed in 6 test tubes
In, plus the cold anthrone reagents of people 4mL, mix, in glass marble in test tube lid, 10min is heated in boiling water bath, cold water is used after taking-up
After cooling 20min, A (absorption photometric value at 620nm) is surveyed, with absorbance as ordinate, Standard for Sugars solution concentration is abscissa,
Paint standard curve；
C. reducing sugar test：Strawberry pulp 0.5g or so is weighed with a ten thousandth balance, is put into conical flask, added
30ml water, is put into 30min in 80 degrees Celsius of water-bath, in taking-up cold filtration to the volumetric flask of 50ml；Then this 1ml is sampled
Test tube is added, the cold anthrone reagents of 4ml are added, 10min in 100 degrees Celsius of water-bath is put into, taking-up is cooled to room temperature, dividing
Light photometer is adjusted to 620nm and is measured；
Formula：
In formula：W：The mass fraction (%) of sugar
C：The sugared mass fraction (mg/ml) found from standard curve
V：Volume (ml) after Sample Dilution
m：The quality (mg) of sample
2. organic acid content：Measured using acid-base titration
A. strawberry pulp 5g or so is weighed, with a small amount of distilled water flushing to 50mL triangular flasks, adding water to 30mL or so,
It is placed in 80 DEG C of water-baths and extracts 30min, stirred 1 time every 5min, take out cooled and filtered, filtrate is closed with residue filtrate is rinsed
And, constant volume 50mL；Shake up, be used for determining, totally 4 treatment；
B. filter each treatment and take triangular flask and each 3 of funnel, titrated, carry out standby；
C. determine each treatment to take 50mL and do clean triangular flask 3, be respectively charged into the sample extracting solution 10mL for having filtered, 1%
Phenolphthalein 3 is dripped, and blush is titrated to 0.1mol/LNaOH, and shake 1min is colour-fast to be titration end-point, record consumption alkali lye
Quantity；
In formula：W --- example weight (g)；C --- dilution total amount (ml)；
K --- conversion coefficient：Malic acid is 67, and tartaric acid is 75；
D --- the sample liquid number (ml) taken during measure；A --- NaOH numbers (ml) is consumed during titration
3. sugar-acid ratio=fruit soluble sugar content/fruit titratable acid content
4. fruit soluble solids content is determined：
By the grinding of whole fruits in after pulpous state, determined with hand refractometer；
5. the hardness of fruit is determined：
By each fruit, determined with hand-held fruit hardness meter, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
(5) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit shape is determined：
1. fruit transverse diameter is determined：
By each fruit, determined with slide measure, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
2. the vertical footpath of fruit is determined：
By each fruit, determined with slide measure, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
3. fruit type index=vertical footpath/transverse diameter.
Main achievement：
(1) physicochemical property of different ratio matrix compares：
In general the physicochemical property of matrix is：0.1~0.8g/cm of matrix unit weight3, total porosity is 54%~96%,
Matrix WGR is 2~4, PH6~8, and electrical conductivity is less than 2.6ms/cm-1。
As can be seen from Table 2, the unit weight of the matrix of different ratio, total porosity, water holding hole, ventilating slit, WGR,
C/N differs greatly.Organic substrate unit weight is 0.137~0.540g/cm3, in preferable substrate range, respectively process significantly high
6 are processed in control, wherein in organic substrate maximum but not notable with treatment 3,4 differences for the treatment of；Each organic substrate total porosity is big
In the ideal range, only control is higher than ideal range, and minimum is treatment 4, and it does not show with treatment 3,6 differences for the treatment of for part
Write.The organic substrate WGR of each proportioning is above ideal range, wherein treatment 4 is closest to ideal range, its with process 3 differences
Not significantly, 5 WGRs for the treatment of are maximum, but it is with treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 6 and compares without significant difference.Different ratio matrix
PH value and electrical conductivity in the ideal range, and without significant difference.Different ratio matrix C/N differs greatly, and minimum is place
Reason 6 is 8.28, and maximum is that treatment 4 is 211.90.
The different ratio matrix main physical and chemical of table 2 compares
Table 2 continues different ratio matrix main physical and chemical and compares
| Treatment | PH | EC | C(10-2g/g) | N(10-6g/g) |
| CK | 6.45a | 0.39a | 16.53±0.09f | 1544.33±12.03b |
| 1 | 6.87a | 0.68a | 23.55±0.09g | 2800.33±19.77d |
| 2 | 7.09a | 0.70a | 15.89±0.06e | 3130.33±12.35e |
| 3 | 7.35a | 0.99a | 6.55±0.02b | 5495.33±12.35f |
| 4 | 7.25a | 0.71a | 10.09±0.10c | 476.33±4.67a |
| 5 | 7.38a | 0.48a | 14.13±0.07d | 2736.0±8.09c |
| 6 | 7.22a | 1.00a | 4.53±0.04a | 5467.67±20.04f |
| 7 | 6.82a | 0.54a |
Comprehensive items analysis of physical and chemical property, preferably, remaining WGR is higher, and the total pore space of control is spent for treatment 3 and treatment 4
It is high.
(2) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit quality:
Influence of the different ratio matrix of table 3 to strawberry fruit quality
As can be seen from Table 3, different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit soluble sugar content, titratable acid content, sugar-acid ratio,
Soluble solid, hardness have and compare large effect.The soluble sugar content of wherein treatment 1 is up to 7.02%, significantly high
In control and treatment 2, difference is not notable between treatment 1,3,4,5,6,7 and treatment 1,3,4,5,6,7 and control；Treatment 1 and treatment 2
Titratable acid content be up to 0.667%, be significantly higher than control (0.337%) and treatment 3 (0.377%), treatment 1,2,4,
5th, difference is not notable between 6,7 and treatment 3,4,5,6,7 and control；From for sugar-acid ratio, up to 16.73, it and place for the treatment of 3
Reason 6 (12.12) is without significant difference.From the point of view of soluble solid, differed greatly between each treatment, wherein treatment 6 (11.20%) and
Treatment 3 (11.17%) is significantly higher than other treatment；In terms of hardness, treatment 3 is most hard, reaches 4.87kg/cm3。
Comprehensive items fruit quality, the performance optimal for the treatment of 3 is sour-sweet moderate, and hardness is suitable, and next is solvable for treatment 1
Property sugared content highest, but soluble solid content is 3 lower than treatment, and other qualities are with treatment 3 without notable differences.
(3) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry proterties and yield：
The different ratio matrix of table 4 is to strawberry growth and the influence of yield
There were significant differences for influence of the different ratio to strawberry height as seen from Table 4, wherein the highest for compareing, it with
Treatment 1 and treatment 2 are significantly higher than treatment 3,4,5,6,7 without significant difference, control and treatment 1；Treatment 2,3,5,6 and treatment 3,4,
5th, without significant difference between 6,7.
From stem slightly from the point of view of, treatment 1,7 and compare best, respectively reach 2.02,2.26 and 1.95mm, treatment 1 is significantly higher than
Treatment 2,3,4,5,6, and treatment 2, between 3,4,5,6 without significant difference.
As can be seen from Table 4, it is 173.07g that the average strain for the treatment of 1 is produced, and is significantly higher than treatment 3,4,5,6,7 and control, with
Treatment 2 is without significant difference；Treatment 2,4,6,7 and control, treatment 3,4,6,7 and control, treatment 3, between 4,5,6,7 without significance difference
It is different.
To different ratio matrix to strawberry proterties and the influence comprehensive analysis of yield, it can be deduced that 1 effect for the treatment of is excellent
In other treatment.
(4) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit shape：
As can be seen from Table 5, treatment 1 Average fruit transverse diameter up to 32.38mm, it with compare and process 2,6 nothings show
Difference is write, control and 2,6 transverse diameters for the treatment of are main in 30mm or so；From the point of view of the vertical footpath of Average fruit, treatment 1 is up to
38.88mm, and compares (34.37mm) without significant difference；It can also be seen that different ratio organic substrate (processes 7 for sand culture is removed
It is not notable on the influence of strawberry fruit shape index outward), wherein treatment 1 and treatment 4 are maximum 1.20.
Influence of the different ratio matrix of table 5 to strawberry fruit shape
Comprehensive analysis, the average transverse diameter for the treatment of 1 and vertical footpath are both greater than other treatment, and fruit shape is relatively large, fruit shape index phase
It is optimization process to suitable.Secondly it is control, its transverse diameter, vertical footpath and fruit shape index are all only second to treatment 1, and fruit type is also larger, and
It is not significantly different from.
(5) influence of the different substrates to the chlorophyll relative content SPAD values of strawberry different times：
As seen from Figure 1, there is significant difference between four periods each treatment, process 1, treatment 7 and to impinging upon when each
The chlorophyll relative content SPAD values of phase will be higher than other treatment；And analyze each treatment different times chlorophyll relative content
The change of SPAD values finds, compares and treatment 1,5,7 is for chlorophyll relative content SPAD values are continuously increased, and other treatment leaves are green
Plain relative amount SPAD values then accidental fluctuation.Comprehensive analysis, processes 1 relative with the chlorophyll for compareing each period in organic substrate
Content SPAD values are processed higher than other, and are changed over time, and chlorophyll relative content SPAD values are continuously increased, and process 1 He
The photosynthetic capacity of control is better than other treatment, and photosynthetic capacity is continuously increased.
(6) comprehensive analysis：
In this experiment in addition to turf is relatively costly, other materials is the local agricultural wastes of wide material sources, low cost
It is honest and clean.From the point of view of with regard to the physicochemical property of matrix, except 3 total porositys for the treatment of are excessive, remaining respectively processes equal suitable cultivation strawberry, wherein processing
5 is best with treatment 6.
From the situation analysis of strawberry proterties and yield, 2 effects for the treatment of are processed better than other；Come from strawberry fruit quality
See, the soluble sugar content highest for the treatment of 2, only soluble solid content are lower than treatment 5.The fruit type for the treatment of 2 is more than its elsewhere
Reason, fruit shape index is relatively suitable, and leave photosynthetic ability is strong, and has ever-increasing trend！
Existing frequently-used inorganic matrix sand culture, although but the low effect of price is general, and poor water retention property plant is easily non-irrigated.
Result shows that the turf, cotton stalk and vermiculite after becoming thoroughly decomposed are according to 1:1:The matrix of 1 ratio formula completely can be with
Substitute turf and vermiculite 2:1 common prescription, or even part strawberry physical signs is better than common prescription.
General principle of the invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and
Its equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of configuration of strawberry organic ecological soilless culture substrate and assay method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) pre-treatment of matrix and formula are processed：
Collect cotton stalk and mushroom slag and crush, prepare turf, fermentation temperature is become thoroughly decomposed and determined to material, according to as follows after becoming thoroughly decomposed
Experiment substrate composition：
Totally 8 treatment, wherein using common prescription turf：Vermiculite 2：1 is control, and treatment 7 is full sand culture, each 5 basins for the treatment of, 3
Secondary repetition；
(2) assay method and measurement result of mixed substrate physicochemical property；
1. unit weight, water-holding porosity, aeration porosity, total porosity and the WGR of mixed substrate are determined：
The matrix of different ratio is loaded in the container of known volume (100ml), saturation state is inwardly added water to, saturation water is weighed
Different ratio matrix weight (W under state1), claim different ratio matrix weight (W after being inverted 24h2), different ratio matrix weight after drying
(W3)；Unit weight=W3/V；Total porosity (%)=(W1- W3)/V×100；Water-holding porosity (%)=(W2- W3)/V×100；
Aeration porosity=total porosity-water-holding porosity；WGR=water-holding porosity/aeration porosity；
2. the pH value and EC values of mixed substrate are determined：
Each treatment takes three parts of air-dried mixed substrate sample 10g or so, is placed in triangular flask, and vibration, plus distilled water 50ml. is utilized
Conductivity gauge and PH meters are determined；
3. the full carbon and full nitrogen and carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed substrate are determined：
Determine the amount of total carbon and total nitrogen in the matrix of different ratio respectively using gravimetric method and Kjeldahl's method；Carbon-nitrogen ratio=total carbon
Amount/total nitrogen content；
(3) influence that investigation mixed substrate grows to strawberry；
1. in experiment station of agricultural college greenhouse, the strawberry that kind is sweet Charlie of being transplanted in the good matrix of mixture；
2. the survival rate of nursery stock is 100%；
3. strawberry plant height is determined：Using tape measure, each processes the natural height of strawberry petiole base to most linear leaf,
Three repetitions, take the mean；
4. strawberry stem is determined thick：
Using vernier caliper measurement, each processes the diameter of strawberry rhizome portion, and three repetitions are taken the mean；
5. the chlorophyll content of strawberry different times is determined；
Different times plant from up to down the 4th multiple chlorophyll relative content SPAD value is determined using chlorophyll meter；
6. fruit quality is determined：
It is plantation high-quality fruit, it is 3-4 that every plant is stayed fruit, and 5 plants of each treatment determines three batches of totally ten fruits, and three repetitions ask flat
Mean, show that single fruit weight and strain are produced；
(4) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit quality is determined；
1. soluble reducing sugars content：Measured using anthrone colorimetry
A. anthrone reagent is configured：0.2g anthrones are taken with a ten thousandth balance be dissolved into 80%H2SO4In, with 80%H2SO4Constant volume is arrived
100ml, same day preparation is used；
B. standard curve is made
Glucose standards solution is prepared：The glucose solution of 1g/L is first made into, then absorption 1,2,3,4,5,6mL is put respectively respectively
In 100mL volumetric flasks, scale is settled to distilled water, can obtain 0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,0.06mg/mL
Glucose series concentration；
Glucose standard curve makes：Series standard glucose solution is drawn, each 1mL of distilled water is respectively placed in 6 test tubes,
Plus the cold anthrone reagents of people 4mL, mix, in glass marble in test tube lid, 10min is heated in boiling water bath, it is cold with cold water after taking-up
But after 20min, A (absorption photometric value at 620nm) is surveyed, with absorbance as ordinate, Standard for Sugars solution concentration is abscissa, is painted
Standard curve；
C. reducing sugar test：Strawberry pulp 0.5g or so is weighed with a ten thousandth balance, is put into conical flask, add 30ml water,
30min in 80 degrees Celsius of water-bath is put into, in taking-up cold filtration to the volumetric flask of 50ml；Then sample this 1ml and add examination
Pipe, adds the cold anthrone reagents of 4ml, is put into 10min in 100 degrees Celsius of water-bath, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature, spectrophotometric
Meter is adjusted to 620nm and is measured；
Formula：
In formula：W：The mass fraction (%) of sugar
C：The sugared mass fraction (mg/ml) found from standard curve
V：Volume (ml) after Sample Dilution
m：The quality (mg) of sample
2. organic acid content：Measured using acid-base titration
A. strawberry pulp 5g or so is weighed, with a small amount of distilled water flushing to 50mL triangular flasks, adding water to 30mL or so, is placed in
30min is extracted in 80 DEG C of water-baths, is stirred 1 time every 5min, take out cooled and filtered, filtrate merges with residue filtrate is rinsed, fixed
Hold 50mL；Shake up, be used for determining, totally 4 treatment；
B. filter each treatment and take triangular flask and each 3 of funnel, titrated, carry out standby；
C. determine each treatment to take 50mL and do clean triangular flask 3, be respectively charged into the sample extracting solution 10mL for having filtered, 1% phenolphthalein 3
Drop, blush is titrated to 0.1mol/LNaOH, and shake 1min is colour-fast to be titration end-point, the quantity of record consumption alkali lye；
In formula：W --- example weight (g)；C --- dilution total amount (ml)；
K --- conversion coefficient：Malic acid is 67, and tartaric acid is 75；
D --- the sample liquid number (ml) taken during measure；A --- NaOH numbers (ml) is consumed during titration
3. sugar-acid ratio=fruit soluble sugar content/fruit titratable acid content
4. fruit soluble solids content is determined：
By the grinding of whole fruits in after pulpous state, determined with hand refractometer；
5. the hardness of fruit is determined：
By each fruit, determined with hand-held fruit hardness meter, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
(5) influence of the different ratio matrix to strawberry fruit shape is determined：
1. fruit transverse diameter is determined：
By each fruit, determined with slide measure, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
2. the vertical footpath of fruit is determined：
By each fruit, determined with slide measure, five plants of fruits are a treatment averaging, three repetitions；
3. fruit type index=vertical footpath/transverse diameter.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108887144A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-27 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of vegetable soilless culture mixed substrate |
| CN109349063A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-19 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of preparation method of the strawberry soilless culture substrate based on Uricularia polytricha bacteria residue |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102778535A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-11-14 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Method for detecting physical and chemical properties of soilless culture media |
| CN103392548A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Peach tree fruit thinning researching method |
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| CN102778535A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-11-14 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Method for detecting physical and chemical properties of soilless culture media |
| CN103392548A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Peach tree fruit thinning researching method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108887144A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-27 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of vegetable soilless culture mixed substrate |
| CN109349063A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-19 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of preparation method of the strawberry soilless culture substrate based on Uricularia polytricha bacteria residue |
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