CN114009267A - Pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol - Google Patents
Pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114009267A CN114009267A CN202111287335.2A CN202111287335A CN114009267A CN 114009267 A CN114009267 A CN 114009267A CN 202111287335 A CN202111287335 A CN 202111287335A CN 114009267 A CN114009267 A CN 114009267A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pomegranate
- polyphenol
- planting
- fruits
- rich
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol, belonging to the technical field of pomegranate planting and comprising the following steps: the first step, planting: selecting pomegranate seedlings for planting, wherein the planting distance is 250-350cm in the transverse direction and the vertical direction; step two, field management: irrigating and fertilizing; thirdly, flower and fruit thinning; fourthly, spraying nutrient solution: bagging pomegranate fruits, and spraying a nutrient solution every 7 days before the pomegranate fruits are ripe; fifthly, picking; wherein the nutrient solution contains seaAlginic acid, algal oligosaccharide, functional agent, polyphenol capsule and CO2The storage material, the auxiliary agent and other components have the effect of promoting the growth of the plants, can promote the absorption of the plants on nitrogen, phosphorus and a plurality of mineral elements, improve the content of protein and reducing sugar in the pomegranate, and the functional agent can stimulate the expression of related enzyme genes in the synthetic pathway of pomegranate polyphenol and anthocyanin, so as to further increase the content of the pomegranate polyphenol and anthocyanin in the pomegranate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pomegranate planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting pomegranates rich in polyphenol.
Background
The pomegranate is deciduous arbors or shrubs of genus Punica of family Lythraceae, has strong adaptability, strong salt and alkali resistance, and has cultural, ecological, economic and medicinal values. The pomegranate fruit is like a red gem, is sour, sweet, tasty and juicy, has high nutritive value, is rich in fruit sugar, high-quality protein, easy to absorb fat and the like, can supplement energy and heat of a human body, but does not increase the burden of the human body. Pomegranate contains abundant vitamins, especially B and C, and trace mineral elements, and can supplement trace elements and nutrients missing from human body. Pomegranate can be processed into fruit juice, fruit wine, jam, flavoring agent, cosmetics, etc., and pomegranate contains some bioactive components such as organic acid, polyphenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant, etc., and can effectively improve cardiovascular health, prevent and treat diabetes, and has anticancer, antibacterial and antiallergic effects.
In the pomegranate obtained by the existing planting method, the content of polyphenol substances in fruits or peels is low, and the extraction rate of extracting the polyphenol substances by adopting various methods is not ideal, so that the whole process from the growth of pomegranate plants to the ripening of the pomegranate serves as a research object, and the synthesis and transportation of the polyphenol substances in the pomegranate plants are promoted by adopting various means to obtain the pomegranate fruits rich in polyphenol.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol so as to solve the technical problems in the background technology.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a planting method of pomegranates rich in polyphenol comprises the following steps:
the first step, planting: selecting pomegranate seedlings with plump branches and leaves for planting, wherein the planting distance is in the range of 250-350cm horizontally and vertically;
step two, field management: irrigating and fertilizing to ensure that the soil humidity is proper and drainage is carried out in time when heavy rain occurs; the fertilization can be carried out in different seasons, and nitrogen fertilizers are applied in spring; applying compound fertilizer in summer and autumn;
thirdly, flower and fruit thinning: when more than 60% of flower buds of the pomegranate tree are exposed, thinning flowers, cutting off the flower spikes with poor growth, reserving a cluster of flower spikes with good growth state every 15-30cm on branches and trunks, reserving 1-4 high-quality pomegranate small fruits in each cluster after the flower spikes wither to grow fruits, and cutting off redundant pomegranate small fruits; weeding, pruning and shaping, cold protection, pest control and irrigation and drainage according to a common method;
fourthly, spraying nutrient solution: bagging pomegranate fruits, and spraying a nutrient solution once every 7 days before the pomegranate fruits are ripe, wherein the spraying amount is 60-80g per plant;
fifthly, picking: and picking, packaging and storing after the small pomegranate fruits are ripe.
Further, the nitrogen fertilizer application in spring comprises the following raw materials:
30-50 kg of organic fertilizer and 14 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: 20: 3-5 kg of 20 compound fertilizers, 0.1 kg of ammonium molybdate and 0.1 kg of zinc sulfate.
Further, the compound fertilizer applied in summer and autumn comprises the following raw materials:
the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15:20:30 kg of compound fertilizer, 1-2 kg of calcium chloride, 0.05 kg of borax and 0.01 kg of organic selenium fertilizer.
Further, the nutrient solution is prepared by the following steps:
step S1, prepare the following weightsThe raw materials are as follows: alginic acid 1 part, algal oligosaccharide 1 part, polyphenol capsule 0.5-1.3 parts, CO22.2-2.8 parts of a storage material, 0.5-0.8 part of glycine, 0.2-0.4 part of an auxiliary agent, 0.3 part of a functional agent and 50-80 parts of deionized water;
step S2, adding the functional agent, the auxiliary agent and the deionized water into a stirring tank, stirring for 20min at the rotating speed of 100-2Storing the materials and the glycine, keeping the rotating speed unchanged, and continuously stirring and mixing for 1-2h to obtain the nutrient solution.
Alginic acid can reduce the surface tension of water, increase the contact area of nutrient solution and leaf surface, and has stronger water retention, so that water-soluble substances can more easily enter crop cells through cell membranes on the surfaces of stems and leaves, and pomegranate seedlings can more effectively absorb nutrient components in the nutrient solution. Meanwhile, a plurality of carboxyl groups and hydroxyl groups in the alginic acid molecules are easily combined with metal ions in the functional agent to form a cross-linked polymer with multiplied molecular weight, so that trace metal elements are prevented from being lost due to rain wash and the like.
The alga oligosaccharide has higher exciton activity, can induce plants to generate plant protecting elements and defense response factors in the disease-resistant physiological process of pomegranate seedlings, resists infection of external microorganisms, or directly acts on pathogenic bacteria, participates in the induced disease-resistant process of the plants, and has the effect of promoting the growth of the plants.
Further, the polyphenol capsule is prepared by the following steps:
dissolving beta-cyclodextrin in deionized water, heating to 55-60 ℃, stirring for 20min to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dissolving quercetin in absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution under the condition of the rotation speed of 60-100r/min, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃, stirring for 4h, cooling to room temperature, placing in a refrigerator for refrigeration at 5 ℃ for 12-14h, taking out for suction filtration, washing a filter cake with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and finally drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the polyphenol capsule.
Wherein the dosage ratio of the beta-cyclodextrin, the deionized water, the quercetin and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 16 g: 60-80 mL: 8 g: 35.4-42.7mL, and the beta-cyclodextrin forms a stable high molecular compound, namely a polyphenol capsule, by using the properties of hydrophobic inside and hydrophilic outside of the beta-cyclodextrin.
Further, the auxiliary agent is prepared by the following steps:
step B1, adding 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid and DMF (dimethyl formamide) into a three-neck flask, stirring for 3min, dropwise adding thionyl chloride into the three-neck flask, refluxing and stirring for reaction for 3h after dropwise adding is finished, washing with deionized water after the reaction is finished, extracting with ethyl acetate, and removing the ethyl acetate through reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 1;
wherein the dosage ratio of the 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidine carboxylic acid to the DMF to the thionyl chloride is 0.1 mol: 58.4-62.1 mL: 0.7-1.1mL, and carrying out acyl chlorination reaction on 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidine carboxylic acid under the heating condition to obtain an intermediate 1;
the specific reaction process is as follows:
step B2, adding the intermediate 1 and dichloromethane into a three-neck flask, introducing nitrogen for 5-10min, adding dichloromethane solution of 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, stirring and reacting for 4h under the condition of the rotation speed of 100-;
wherein the dosage ratio of the dichloromethane solution of the intermediate 1 and the 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine is 0.1 mol: 10mL of a dichloromethane solution of 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine prepared from 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine and dichloromethane in a proportion of 0.1 mol: 10mL of the intermediate is mixed, and the intermediate 1 and 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine are subjected to HCl elimination reaction to obtain an intermediate 2;
the specific reaction process is as follows:
and step B3, sequentially adding the intermediate 2, 1, 4-dibromobutane and isopropanol into a three-neck flask, heating while stirring, carrying out reflux reaction for 6 hours, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the isopropanol after the reaction is finished, and then, adding the intermediate 2, 1, 4-dibromobutane and isopropanol into the three-neck flask in a volume ratio of isopropanol to ethyl acetate of 1: 1, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain an auxiliary agent;
wherein the dosage ratio of the intermediate 2, the 1, 4-dibromobutane and the isopropanol is 0.1 mol: 0.05 mol: 68.7-72.4mL, and carrying out quaternization reaction on the intermediate 2 and 1, 4-dibromobutane to obtain an auxiliary agent;
the specific reaction process is as follows:
further, CO2The reservoir material is made by the following steps:
adding ethylenediamine and polyethylene glycol into a three-neck flask at room temperature, stirring at the rotation speed of 60-100r/min for 20min, and adding 99.9% CO by volume2Introducing gas into a three-neck flask at a flow rate of 250mL/min, after 30min, the solution turns turbid from clear, after 60min, the solution becomes solid, and continuously introducing CO2Gas 30-35min, suction filtering, washing filter cake with anhydrous ethanol for 2-3 times, drying in vacuum drying oven at 60 deg.C for 4-6 hr to obtain CO2A reservoir material;
wherein the mass ratio of the ethylenediamine to the polyethylene glycol is 1: 1, the ethylene diamine and the polyethylene glycol are used as formula solvents to quickly absorb CO2Obtaining CO2A reservoir material.
Further, the functional agent is prepared from lanthanum nitrate, calcium nitrate and gadolinium acetate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol, which strictly controls the steps of planting, field management, flower and fruit thinning, nutrient solution spraying and the like to obtain the pomegranate rich in polyphenolReductase and glycogen phosphorylase, accelerating reduction and assimilation of nitrogen source and carbon source, and increasing the contents of protein, reducing sugar and polyphenol in pomegranate, wherein the nutrient solution contains alginic acid, alginate oligosaccharide, functional agent, polyphenol capsule, CO2The nutrient solution can store components such as materials, additives and the like, wherein alginic acid and algal oligosaccharide have the effect of promoting the growth of plants, can promote the absorption of the plants on nitrogen, phosphorus and a plurality of mineral elements, and improve the content of protein and reducing sugar in the pomegranate, and the functional agent can stimulate the expression of related enzyme genes in the synthetic pathway of pomegranate polyphenol and anthocyanin, so that the content of pomegranate polyphenol and anthocyanin in the pomegranate is further increased; the beta-cyclodextrin is made to form a stable high molecular compound by the properties of hydrophobic inside and hydrophilic outside, and the quercetin is made to form the polyphenol capsule which can slowly release polyphenol substances, so that pomegranate seedlings can continuously absorb exogenous polyphenol substances in the growth process, and the ethylenediamine and the polyethylene glycol are used as formula solvents to quickly absorb CO2The CO2 storage material is obtained, more carbon sources are provided for the growth of pomegranate seedlings, and the auxiliary agent is prepared, contains a piperidine tertiary amine, a biquaternary ammonium salt, a secondary amine and a primary amine structure, has amphiphilic performance, and can enrich CO2The carbon source can be further provided for the growth of pomegranate seedlings; therefore, the pomegranate planting method provided by the invention can effectively improve the polyphenol content in pomegranate fruits, improve the nutrient content in the fruits and provide convenience for subsequent extraction of pomegranate polyphenol substances.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a nutrient solution which is prepared by the following steps:
step S1, prepare for the following weightThe raw materials in parts by weight: alginic acid 1 part, alga oligosaccharide 1 part, polyphenol capsule 0.5 part, CO22.2 parts of a storage material, 0.5 part of glycine, 0.2 part of an auxiliary agent, 0.3 part of a functional agent and 50 parts of deionized water;
and step S2, adding the functional agent, the auxiliary agent and deionized water into a stirring tank, stirring for 20min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, adding alginic acid, algal oligosaccharides, polyphenol capsules, a CO2 storage material and glycine, keeping the rotating speed unchanged, and continuously stirring and mixing for 1h to obtain the nutrient solution.
Wherein the polyphenol capsule is prepared by the following steps:
dissolving 16g of beta-cyclodextrin in 60mL of deionized water, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for 20min to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dissolving 8g of quercetin in 35.4mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution under the condition of the rotation speed of 60r/min, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃, stirring for 4h, cooling to room temperature, placing in a refrigerator for refrigeration at 5 ℃ for 12h, taking out and filtering, washing a filter cake with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and finally drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the polyphenol capsule.
Wherein, the auxiliary agent is prepared by the following steps:
step B1, adding 0.1mol of 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid and 58.4mL of DMF (dimethyl formamide) into a three-neck flask, stirring for 3min, dropwise adding 0.7mL of thionyl chloride into the three-neck flask, refluxing and stirring for reaction for 3h after dropwise adding is finished, washing with deionized water after the reaction is finished, extracting with ethyl acetate, and removing the ethyl acetate through reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 1;
and step B2, adding 0.1mol of intermediate 1 and 50mL of dichloromethane into a three-neck flask, introducing nitrogen for 5min, adding 10mL of dichloromethane solution of 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, stirring at the rotation speed of 100r/min for reaction for 4h, after the reaction is finished, adding deionized water for washing, adjusting the pH value to 8 by using sodium carbonate solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, extracting by using dichloromethane, washing organic phase by using water and saturated saline solution successively, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and removing dichloromethane by reduced pressure distillation to obtain the dichloromethane solution of the intermediate 2, 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, wherein the dichloromethane solution of the intermediate 2, 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine is prepared by mixing 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine and dichloromethane according to 0.1 mol: 10mL of the mixture is mixed;
and step B3, sequentially adding 0.1mol of intermediate 2, 0.05mol of 1, 4-dibromobutane and 68.7mL of isopropanol into a three-neck flask, heating while stirring, carrying out reflux reaction for 6h, after the reaction is finished, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the isopropanol, and then, carrying out reaction under the condition that the volume ratio of the isopropanol to ethyl acetate is 1: 1, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain an auxiliary agent;
wherein, CO2The reservoir material is made by the following steps:
under the condition of room temperature, 20g of ethylenediamine and 20g of polyethylene glycol are added into a three-neck flask, stirred at the rotating speed of 60r/min for 20min, and then CO with the volume fraction of 99.9 percent is added2Introducing gas into a three-neck flask at a flow rate of 250mL/min, after 30min, the solution turns turbid from clear, after 60min, the solution becomes solid, and continuously introducing CO2Gas is pumped and filtered for 30min, filter cakes are washed for 2 times by absolute ethyl alcohol and are dried for 4h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃, and CO is obtained2A reservoir material;
the functional agent is prepared from lanthanum nitrate, calcium nitrate and gadolinium acetate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a nutrient solution which is prepared by the following steps:
step S1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: alginic acid 1 part, alga oligosaccharide 1 part, polyphenol capsule 0.8 part, CO22.4 parts of a storage material, 0.7 part of glycine, 0.3 part of an auxiliary agent, 0.3 part of a functional agent and 70 parts of deionized water;
and step S2, adding the functional agent, the auxiliary agent and deionized water into a stirring tank, stirring for 20min at the rotation speed of 150r/min, adding alginic acid, algal oligosaccharides, polyphenol capsules, a CO2 storage material and glycine, keeping the rotation speed unchanged, and continuously stirring and mixing for 1.5h to obtain the nutrient solution.
Wherein the polyphenol capsule is prepared by the following steps:
dissolving 16g of beta-cyclodextrin in 70mL of deionized water, heating to 58 ℃, stirring for 20min to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dissolving 8g of quercetin in 38.7mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution under the condition of the rotation speed of 80r/min, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃, stirring for 4h, cooling to room temperature, refrigerating for 13h at 5 ℃ in a refrigerator, taking out, filtering, washing a filter cake with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and finally drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the polyphenol capsule.
Wherein, the auxiliary agent is prepared by the following steps:
step B1, adding 0.1mol of 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid and 60.2mL of DMF (dimethyl formamide) into a three-neck flask, stirring for 3min, dropwise adding 0.9mL of thionyl chloride into the three-neck flask, refluxing and stirring for reaction for 3h after dropwise adding is finished, washing with deionized water after the reaction is finished, extracting with ethyl acetate, and removing the ethyl acetate through reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 1;
and step B2, adding 0.1mol of intermediate 1 and 50mL of dichloromethane into a three-neck flask, introducing nitrogen for 8min, adding 10mL of dichloromethane solution of 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, stirring at the rotation speed of 50r/min for reaction for 4h, after the reaction is finished, adding deionized water for washing, adjusting the pH value to 9 by using sodium carbonate solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, extracting by using dichloromethane, washing organic phase by using water and saturated saline solution successively, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and removing dichloromethane by reduced pressure distillation to obtain the dichloromethane solution of the intermediate 2, 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, wherein the dichloromethane solution of the intermediate 2, 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine is prepared by mixing 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine and dichloromethane according to 0.1 mol: 10mL of the mixture is mixed;
and step B3, sequentially adding 0.1mol of intermediate 2, 0.05mol of 1, 4-dibromobutane and 70mL of isopropanol into a three-neck flask, heating while stirring, carrying out reflux reaction for 6h, removing the isopropanol by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished, and then, adding the mixture of the isopropanol and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1: 1, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain an auxiliary agent;
wherein, CO2The reservoir material is made by the following steps:
adding 20g of ethylenediamine and 20g of polyethylene glycol into a three-neck flask at room temperature, stirring at the rotating speed of 80r/min for 20min, and adding 99.9% volume fraction CO2Introducing gas into a three-neck flask at a flow rate of 250mL/min, after 30min, the solution turns turbid from clear, after 60min, the solution becomes solid, and continuously introducing CO2Gas is pumped and filtered for 32min, filter cakes are washed for 2.5 times by absolute ethyl alcohol and are dried for 5h in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain CO2A reservoir material;
the functional agent is prepared from lanthanum nitrate, calcium nitrate and gadolinium acetate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a nutrient solution which is prepared by the following steps:
step S1, preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: alginic acid 1 part, alga oligosaccharide 1 part, polyphenol capsule 1.3 parts, CO22.8 parts of a storage material, 0.8 part of glycine, 0.4 part of an auxiliary agent, 0.3 part of a functional agent and 80 parts of deionized water;
and step S2, adding the functional agent, the auxiliary agent and deionized water into a stirring tank, stirring for 20min at the rotation speed of 200r/min, adding alginic acid, algal oligosaccharides, polyphenol capsules, a CO2 storage material and glycine, keeping the rotation speed unchanged, and continuously stirring and mixing for 2h to obtain the nutrient solution.
Wherein the polyphenol capsule is prepared by the following steps:
dissolving 16g of beta-cyclodextrin in 80mL of deionized water, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 20min to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dissolving 8g of quercetin in 42.7mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution under the condition of the rotation speed of 100r/min, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃, stirring for 4h, cooling to room temperature, placing in a refrigerator for refrigeration at 5 ℃ for 14h, taking out and filtering, washing a filter cake with an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, and finally drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the polyphenol capsule.
Wherein, the auxiliary agent is prepared by the following steps:
step B1, adding 0.1mol of 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid and 62.1mL of DMF (dimethyl formamide) into a three-neck flask, stirring for 3min, dropwise adding 1.1mL of thionyl chloride into the three-neck flask, refluxing and stirring for reaction for 3h after dropwise adding is finished, washing with deionized water after the reaction is finished, extracting with ethyl acetate, and removing the ethyl acetate through reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 1;
and step B2, adding 0.1mol of intermediate 1 and 50mL of dichloromethane into a three-neck flask, introducing nitrogen for 10min, adding 10mL of dichloromethane solution of 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, stirring at the rotation speed of 200r/min for reaction for 4h, after the reaction is finished, adding deionized water for washing, adjusting the pH value to 10 by using sodium carbonate solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, extracting by using dichloromethane, washing organic phase by using water and saturated saline solution successively, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and removing dichloromethane by reduced pressure distillation to obtain the dichloromethane solution of the intermediate 2, 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, wherein the dichloromethane solution of the intermediate 2, 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine is prepared by mixing 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine and dichloromethane according to 0.1 mol: 10mL of the mixture is mixed;
and step B3, sequentially adding 0.1mol of intermediate 2, 0.05mol of 1, 4-dibromobutane and 72.4mL of isopropanol into a three-neck flask, heating while stirring, carrying out reflux reaction for 6h, after the reaction is finished, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the isopropanol, and then, carrying out reaction under the condition that the volume ratio of the isopropanol to ethyl acetate is 1: 1, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain an auxiliary agent;
wherein, CO2The reservoir material is made by the following steps:
under the condition of room temperature, 20g of ethylenediamine and 20g of polyethylene glycol are added into a three-neck flask, stirred at the rotating speed of 100r/min for 20min, and then CO with the volume fraction of 99.9 percent is added2Introducing gas into a three-neck flask at a flow rate of 250mL/min, after 30min, the solution turns turbid from clear, after 60min, the solution becomes solid, and continuously introducing CO2Gas is filtered for 35min, filter cake is washed for 3 times by absolute ethyl alcohol and is dried for 6h in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ to obtain CO2A reservoir material;
the functional agent is prepared from lanthanum nitrate, calcium nitrate and gadolinium acetate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed.
Comparative example 1
CO from example 12Reservoir materials are removed, and other raw materials and preparation processes are unchanged.
Comparative example 2
The polyphenol capsules of example 2 were removed and the remaining raw materials and preparation process were unchanged.
Comparative example 3
The auxiliary agent in example 3 was removed, and the rest of the raw materials and the preparation process were unchanged.
Example 4
A planting method of pomegranates rich in polyphenol comprises the following steps:
the first step, planting: selecting pomegranate seedlings with plump branches and leaves for planting, wherein the planting distance is within 250cm in the transverse direction and the vertical direction;
step two, field management: irrigating and fertilizing to ensure that the soil humidity is proper and drainage is carried out in time when heavy rain occurs; the fertilization can be carried out in different seasons, and nitrogen fertilizers are applied in spring; applying compound fertilizer in summer and autumn;
thirdly, flower and fruit thinning: when 65% of flower buds of the pomegranate tree are exposed, thinning flowers, cutting off the flower spikes with poor growth, reserving one cluster of flower spikes with good growth state on every 15cm of the branches, reserving 1 high-quality pomegranate small fruit in each cluster after the flower spikes wither to grow fruits, and cutting off redundant pomegranate small fruits; weeding, pruning and shaping, cold protection, pest control and irrigation and drainage according to a common method;
fourthly, spraying nutrient solution: bagging pomegranate fruits, and spraying the nutrient solution of the embodiment 1 once every 7 days before the pomegranate fruits are ripe, wherein the spraying amount is 60g per plant;
fifthly, picking: and picking, packaging and storing after the small pomegranate fruits are ripe.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer applied in spring comprises the following raw materials:
30 kilograms of organic fertilizer and 14 proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: 20:3 kilograms of 20 compound fertilizers, 0.1 kilogram of ammonium molybdate and 0.1 kilogram of zinc sulfate.
The compound fertilizer applied in summer and autumn comprises the following raw materials:
1 kg of compound fertilizer with the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being 15:20:30, 0.05 kg of calcium chloride, 0.01 kg of borax and 0.01 kg of organic selenium fertilizer.
Example 5
A planting method of pomegranates rich in polyphenol comprises the following steps:
the first step, planting: selecting pomegranate seedlings with plump branches and leaves for planting, wherein the planting distance is in the range of 250-350cm horizontally and vertically;
step two, field management: irrigating and fertilizing to ensure that the soil humidity is proper and drainage is carried out in time when heavy rain occurs; the fertilization can be carried out in different seasons, and nitrogen fertilizers are applied in spring; applying compound fertilizer in summer and autumn;
thirdly, flower and fruit thinning: when 65% of flower buds of the pomegranate tree are exposed, thinning flowers, cutting off the flower spikes with poor growth, reserving one cluster of flower spikes with good growth state on every 20cm of the branches, reserving 3 high-quality pomegranate small fruits on each cluster after the flower spikes wither to grow fruits, and cutting off redundant pomegranate small fruits; weeding, pruning and shaping, cold protection, pest control and irrigation and drainage according to a common method;
fourthly, spraying nutrient solution: bagging pomegranate fruits, and spraying the nutrient solution of the embodiment 2 every 7 days before the pomegranate fruits are ripe, wherein the spraying amount is 70g per plant;
fifthly, picking: and picking, packaging and storing after the small pomegranate fruits are ripe.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer applied in spring comprises the following raw materials:
40 kilograms of organic fertilizer and 14 proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: 20: 4 kg of 20 compound fertilizers, 0.1 kg of ammonium molybdate and 0.1 kg of zinc sulfate.
The compound fertilizer applied in summer and autumn comprises the following raw materials:
the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15:20:30, 1.5 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 0.05 kilogram of calcium chloride, 0.01 kilogram of borax and 0.01 kilogram of organic selenium fertilizer.
Example 6
A planting method of pomegranates rich in polyphenol comprises the following steps:
the first step, planting: selecting pomegranate seedlings with plump branches and leaves for planting, wherein the planting distance is in the range of 250-350cm horizontally and vertically;
step two, field management: irrigating and fertilizing to ensure that the soil humidity is proper and drainage is carried out in time when heavy rain occurs; the fertilization can be carried out in different seasons, and nitrogen fertilizers are applied in spring; applying compound fertilizer in summer and autumn;
thirdly, flower and fruit thinning: when 62% of flower buds of the pomegranate tree are exposed, thinning flowers, cutting off the flower spikes with poor growth, reserving one cluster of flower spikes with good growth state on every 30cm of the branches, reserving 4 high-quality pomegranate small fruits on each cluster after the flower spikes wither to grow fruits, and cutting off redundant pomegranate small fruits; weeding, pruning and shaping, cold protection, pest control and irrigation and drainage according to a common method;
fourthly, spraying nutrient solution: bagging pomegranate fruits, and spraying the nutrient solution of the embodiment 3 every 7 days before the pomegranate fruits are ripe, wherein the spraying amount is 80g per plant;
fifthly, picking: and picking, packaging and storing after the small pomegranate fruits are ripe.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer applied in spring comprises the following raw materials:
the proportion of 50 kg of organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 14: 20: 4 kg of 20 compound fertilizers, 0.1 kg of ammonium molybdate and 0.1 kg of zinc sulfate.
The compound fertilizer applied in summer and autumn comprises the following raw materials:
the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15:20:30 kg of compound fertilizer, 0.05 kg of calcium chloride, 0.01 kg of borax and 0.01 kg of organic selenium fertilizer.
Comparative example 4
The nutrient solution of example 4 was replaced with the nutrient solution of comparative example 1, and the remaining steps were unchanged.
Comparative example 5
The nutrient solution of example 5 was replaced with the nutrient solution of comparative example 2, and the remaining steps were unchanged.
Comparative example 6
The nutrient solution of example 6 was replaced with the nutrient solution of comparative example 3, and the remaining steps were unchanged.
The planting methods of examples 4-6 and comparative examples 4-6 were used to plant the same variety of pomegranate, six test plots were adjacent and the initial fertility was the same, the planting density of each plot was the same, and the planting conditions such as watering, pest management were the same except for the differences in the planting conditions described in the examples and comparative examples, and the acre yield of the pomegranate trees and the polyphenol content in the pomegranate fruits were tested, with the test results shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the pomegranates obtained by the planting methods of examples 4 to 6 have high yield, large fruits, and high contents of pomegranate polyphenols and anthocyanins, so that the pomegranate planting method provided by the invention can effectively increase the polyphenol content in pomegranate fruits, increase the nutrient content in the fruits, and lay a foundation for the subsequent extraction of pomegranate polyphenols.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The planting method of the pomegranate rich in polyphenol is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step, planting: selecting pomegranate seedlings for planting, wherein the planting distance is 250-350cm in the transverse direction and the vertical direction;
step two, field management: irrigating and fertilizing;
thirdly, flower and fruit thinning: when thinning flowers, reserving a cluster of flower spikes every 15-30cm on the branches, and reserving 1-4 pomegranate small fruits in each cluster after the flower spikes wither to grow fruits;
fourthly, spraying nutrient solution: bagging pomegranate fruits, and spraying a nutrient solution once every 7 days before the pomegranate fruits are ripe, wherein the spraying amount is 60-80g per plant;
fifthly, picking: picking, packaging and storing after the pomegranate small fruits are ripe;
wherein, the nutrient solution is prepared by the following steps:
mixing alginic acid, alginate oligosaccharide, polyphenol capsule, and CO2Reservoir(s)Uniformly mixing the materials, the glycine, the auxiliary agent, the functional agent and the deionized water to obtain the nutrient solution.
2. The planting method of pomegranate rich in polyphenols according to claim 1, wherein the polyphenol capsule is prepared by the following steps:
dissolving beta-cyclodextrin in deionized water, heating to 55-60 ℃, stirring for 20min to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dissolving quercetin in absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃, stirring for 4h, cooling to room temperature, refrigerating in a refrigerator, performing suction filtration, washing a filter cake, and drying to obtain the polyphenol capsule.
3. The planting method of pomegranate rich in polyphenols according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the amount of beta-cyclodextrin to the amount of deionized water to the amount of quercetin to the amount of absolute ethanol is 16 g: 60-80 mL: 8 g: 35.4-42.7 mL.
4. The planting method of pomegranate rich in polyphenols according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary is prepared by the steps of:
step B1, mixing 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid and DMF, dropwise adding thionyl chloride, refluxing, stirring and reacting for 3 hours, washing, extracting, and distilling under reduced pressure to obtain an intermediate 1;
step B2, adding the intermediate 1 and dichloromethane into a three-neck flask, introducing nitrogen for 5-10min, adding dichloromethane solution of 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine, stirring for reaction for 4h, adjusting the pH value to 8-10 by using sodium carbonate solution, extracting, washing, drying, and distilling under reduced pressure to obtain an intermediate 2;
and step B3, mixing the intermediate 2, 1, 4-dibromobutane and isopropanol, carrying out reflux reaction for 6 hours, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, and recrystallizing to obtain the auxiliary agent.
5. The planting method of pomegranate rich in polyphenols according to claim 4, wherein the amount ratio of 4-amino-1-methyl-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid, DMF, and thionyl chloride in step B1 is 0.1 mol: 58.4-62.1 mL: 0.7-1.1 mL.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the solution of 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine in dichloromethane in step B2 is prepared from 3-diethylamino-1-propylamine and dichloromethane in a ratio of 0.1 mol: 10mL of the above-mentioned components were mixed.
7. The planting method of pomegranate rich in polyphenol as claimed in claim 4, wherein the ratio of the amount of intermediate 2, 1, 4-dibromobutane and isopropanol in step B3 is 0.1 mol: 0.05 mol: 68.7-72.4 mL.
8. The planting method of pomegranate rich in polyphenols according to claim 1, wherein the functional agent is prepared from lanthanum nitrate, calcium nitrate and gadolinium acetate in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111287335.2A CN114009267B (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111287335.2A CN114009267B (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114009267A true CN114009267A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
| CN114009267B CN114009267B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
Family
ID=80059882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111287335.2A Active CN114009267B (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114009267B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114573395A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-03 | 新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司 | Biological synergistic additive for sweetening fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT66011A (en) * | 1975-12-23 | 1977-01-01 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for preparing agents which influence plant growth |
| CN104940294A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 青岛博恩高科生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method for punicosides, and method for preparing punicosides microcapsule containing punicosides, prepared according to preparation method, and microcapsule |
| CN105086002A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 华南理工大学 | Spirochete-dextrin quercetin clathrate compound and preparing method thereof |
| CN105152852A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-16 | 湖南城市学院 | Preparation method of 1-bromo-1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethylene |
| CN105993811A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-12 | 广西陆川县乌坭坡珍珠番石榴专业合作社 | Method for planting pearl guava |
| CN109392569A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-01 | 合肥桴槎山软籽石榴研发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods increasing pomegranate sugariness |
-
2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202111287335.2A patent/CN114009267B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT66011A (en) * | 1975-12-23 | 1977-01-01 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for preparing agents which influence plant growth |
| CN104940294A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 青岛博恩高科生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method for punicosides, and method for preparing punicosides microcapsule containing punicosides, prepared according to preparation method, and microcapsule |
| CN105086002A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 华南理工大学 | Spirochete-dextrin quercetin clathrate compound and preparing method thereof |
| CN105152852A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-16 | 湖南城市学院 | Preparation method of 1-bromo-1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethylene |
| CN105993811A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-12 | 广西陆川县乌坭坡珍珠番石榴专业合作社 | Method for planting pearl guava |
| CN109392569A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-01 | 合肥桴槎山软籽石榴研发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods increasing pomegranate sugariness |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "海藻酸及海藻寡糖在肥料增效助剂领域的应用": "海藻酸及海藻寡糖在肥料增效助剂领域的应用", 《种子科技》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114573395A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-03 | 新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司 | Biological synergistic additive for sweetening fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114009267B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103980052B (en) | One special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102167634B (en) | Oligosaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composite and application thereof | |
| CN110839645A (en) | Yield-increasing plant growth regulator and application thereof | |
| CN104472486A (en) | Pear tree multifunctional growth regulator composition and use method thereof | |
| CN114009267B (en) | Pomegranate planting method rich in polyphenol | |
| CN106358967A (en) | Planting method for improving quality of grape | |
| CN107750806A (en) | A kind of production management technology of the double season results of grape | |
| CN113439745A (en) | Novel plant immune protein and production process thereof | |
| CN107114177A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of zinc-rich Zhanhua winter jujube | |
| CN107698400B (en) | Composite iron supplement agent suitable for saline-alkali soil and preparation and use methods thereof | |
| CN113773131B (en) | Preparation and application method of fertilizer synergist | |
| CN113845388A (en) | Special water-soluble fertilizer for organic sweet potatoes and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114375779A (en) | Banana dwarfing yield-increasing method | |
| CN107535266A (en) | A kind of aged pomegranate tree anti-fruit-cracking management method | |
| CN103460973A (en) | Early cultivation method for asparagus | |
| CN106258793A (en) | A kind of high quality and yield cultivation techniques of red grape | |
| CN112674097A (en) | Chitosan oligosaccharide and S-abscisic acid compound sterilization regulator and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112939673A (en) | Composite microbial preparation nutrient solution for soilless culture of plants and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1068474A (en) | Promote plant growing, the disease and insect resistance hormone | |
| CN107814632A (en) | A kind of diseases prevention bio-fertilizer of cumquat and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108911851A (en) | A kind of efficient foliage bacterial fertilizer of Japanese plum and the preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN112409279B (en) | Production process for increasing yield of hexazinone | |
| Trivedi et al. | Effect of biostimulants on growth and yield in gladiolus | |
| CN113603523B (en) | Preparation and application method of vigorous-growth-controlling fertilizer | |
| CN117204427B (en) | Agricultural composition for apple flower thinning and fruit thinning |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |