CN110839645A - Yield-increasing plant growth regulator and application thereof - Google Patents
Yield-increasing plant growth regulator and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a yield-increasing plant growth regulator and application thereof, wherein the yield-increasing plant growth regulator comprises an active ingredient and a synergistic safety agent, and the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.001-1 part of brassinolide, 0.5-5 parts of benzylaminopurine and 0.05-2 parts of triacontanol, wherein the synergistic safety agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1-5 parts of angelica dahurica alcohol extract and 1-5 parts of mulberry leaf alcohol extract. According to the invention, the active ingredients of the characteristic component formula and the synergistic safener are compounded, so that the final harvest yield is improved in corn planting, an unexpected technical effect is obtained in the aspect of inhibiting cucumber downy mildew, and the phytotoxicity such as growth retardation, flower and fruit dropping, plant death and the like caused by improper use of the bactericide is relieved to a great extent. In conclusion, the invention can promote the growth of crops and has the effects of increasing both production and income.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural growth regulators, in particular to a yield-increasing type plant growth regulator and application thereof.
Background
Corn is the first large grain crop in China, and is also an important feed crop, energy crop and industrial raw material. The northeast plain is a main production area of spring corn in China and is also an important commercial grain base in China, and the guarantee of the stable yield and the high yield of the corn has important significance for guaranteeing the grain safety in China.
However, the cold damage at low temperature is a main limiting factor for high and stable yield of regional corns and is also one of important natural disasters for damaging the corn production in high latitude areas and local hills. Due to geographical conditions, severe low temperature occurs in the region every 3-5 years, and the cold and cool mountainous regions in the east are attacked more frequently by low temperature stress in spring. The yield reduction range of spring corn caused by low-temperature cold damage is more than 15% every year, and the yield loss of the spring corn in severe years can reach 20%. The low temperature can reduce the vitality of seeds, delay the time of emergence, seriously cause the shortage of powder seeds or the death of seedlings, and is one of the important reasons for seriously reducing the yield and the quality of the corns. Therefore, it is a problem to be solved in production.
In the domestic and foreign corn production, the loss of adverse climatic factors such as low temperature and the like to agricultural production is reduced and slowed down by applying a mulching film covering technology, breeding cold-resistant varieties of crops and spraying a plant growth regulator. However, the cost of the mulching film covering technology is high, the mulching film can cause white pollution after long-term use, the breeding period of new crop varieties is generally 5-7 years, the breeding period is long, and the application effect is not obvious due to the influence of regional ecological adaptability and other factors. Therefore, the use of plant growth regulators is considered to be a poor alternative to solve adverse abiotic stresses such as low temperature.
However, the varieties of low-temperature resistant plant growth regulators applied in the current production are various, wherein gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, brassinolide and the like are common plant growth regulators, and the plant growth regulators have certain effects on inducing and responding to improve low-temperature stress signals of plants, starting self defense systems and improving low-temperature resistance of crops. However, these natural plant growth regulators are expensive, have single action and no outstanding effect, which greatly limits the range of applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a yield-increasing plant growth regulator and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the yield-increasing plant growth regulator comprises an active ingredient and a synergistic safety agent, wherein the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.001-1 part of brassinolide, 0.5-5 parts of benzylaminopurine and 0.05-2 parts of triacontanol, wherein the synergistic safety agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1-5 parts of angelica dahurica alcohol extract and 1-5 parts of mulberry leaf alcohol extract.
Preferably, the active ingredient accounts for 1.5-3.7% of the plant growth regulator by mass, and the synergistic safety agent accounts for 1.5-10% of the plant growth regulator by mass.
Preferably, the brassinolide is selected from one of 28-homobrassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide, 25-methyl brassinolide, propionyl brassinolide, 28-epibrassinolide, mixotrophin brassinolide or 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the plant growth regulator, which is characterized in that the raw materials in the weight ratio are uniformly mixed and are prepared into a suspending agent, a water dispersible granule, a dispersible oil suspending agent or a solution agent with an auxiliary agent allowed in pesticides.
Preferably, the preparation method of the angelica dahurica alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning radix angelicae, crushing by a dry method, adding ethanol with the weight being 3-5 times that of the radix angelicae, standing for 20-30 min, adjusting the pH value to 5.6-6.0 by using NaAc-HAc buffer solution, refluxing for 1-3 h at 78-80 ℃, collecting a refluxing extracting solution, carrying out reduced pressure concentration until the relative density is 1.05-1.1 g/cm, carrying out spray drying, and thus obtaining the radix angelicae alcohol extract.
Preferably, the spray dryer is adopted for spray drying, the air inlet temperature is 130-150 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the feeding speed is 3-5 ml/min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the mulberry leaf alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning mulberry leaves, crushing the mulberry leaves to 30-70 meshes by a dry method, adding ethanol with the weight being 2-3 times that of the mulberry leaves, carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment for 5-10 min, carrying out water bath leaching for 30-45 min, filtering, leaching twice, combining filtrates, cooling to 50-60 ℃, carrying out rotary evaporation concentration until the relative density is 1.02-1.2 g/cm, carrying out vacuum freeze drying for 24-48 h, and thus obtaining the mulberry leaf alcohol extract.
The invention also aims to protect the application of the plant growth regulator in promoting the strong corn seeds and increasing the yield.
The invention also aims to protect the application of the plant growth regulator in inhibiting cucumber downy mildew.
The functions of the components in the invention are as follows:
brassinolide, a novel green environment-friendly plant growth regulator, is treated by soaking seeds and spraying stems and leaves of brassinolide with proper concentration. Can promote the growth of vegetables, melons, fruits and other crops, improve the quality, increase the yield, and ensure bright color and thicker leaves. The tea leaf picking time can be advanced, and the melon and fruit can have higher sugar content, larger individual, higher yield and better storage stability. Is harmless to human and livestock, and has safe and effective dosage when used normally. The natural brassin can be widely applied to various economic crops, can increase the yield by 5-10% and can reach 30% higher, obviously improve the quality, increase the sugar content and the weight of fruits and increase the gorgeous crops. Meanwhile, the drought resistance and the cold resistance of crops can be improved, and the symptoms of plant diseases and insect pests, phytotoxicity, fertilizer damage and freezing damage of the crops can be relieved.
Benzylaminopurine, which is a synthetic cytokinin plant growth regulator with purine rings, has high cytokinin activity and is mainly used for promoting cell division, enlargement and elongation; inhibit chlorophyll degradation, increase amino acid content, and delay leaf yellowing and aging; inducing the differentiation of tissues (cambium) and organs (buds and roots), promoting the germination of lateral buds and promoting the branching; the fruit setting rate is improved, and seedless fruits are formed; the air holes of the blades are adjusted to be open, the service life of the blades is prolonged, and the fresh-keeping is facilitated. The method is mainly used for regulating growth of Chinese cabbage and citrus and increasing yield.
Triacontanol is a plant growth promoter with a wide application range, has a good yield-increasing effect on rice, cotton, wheat, soybean, corn, sorghum, tobacco, beet, peanut, vegetable, flower, fruit tree, sugarcane and the like, and the yield-increasing amplitude is more than 10%. Is also a high-efficiency and rapid plant growth promoter, and can have remarkable promoting effect on plant growth at very low concentration. When the fertilizer is used as a foliar nutrient fertilizer for crops, the yield of the crops with the planting area of 0.1 hectare can be increased by 10-40% only by 1 mg; the yield-increasing effect of about 20 percent can be obtained by spraying triacontanol with the concentration of 0.5mg/kg in the tea bud one-leaf period.
The polyglutamic acid, also called natto bacteria glue, polyglutamic acid, it is a water-soluble, biodegradable, toxicity-free biological macromolecule made up by using microbial fermentation method, gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid is a viscous substance, found for the first time in fermented bean of "natto", gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid is a special anion natural polymer, it is α -amino (α -amino) and gamma-carboxyl (gamma-carboxyl) through amide bond (amide linkage) gamma-PGA molecular weight of homotypic polyamide (homo-polyamide) gamma-PGA from 5 to 2 million daltons, can increase the yield As plant nutrient, when flooding in the soil, will form a layer of film on the surface layer of plant root hair, not only have the function of protecting root hair, but also have the best transport platform of Cd, moisture and root hair intimate contact in the soil, can effectively improve dissolution, storage, transport and absorption of fertilizer, prevent, precipitate oxalate, root and metal element from producing and absorbing Cd, moisture and root hair, make the soil to increase the yield of plant, and soil to be able to increase the yield of soil, and to make the plant disease-soil, alkali and soil to increase the yield of crops, and soil to be able to increase the soil for a long time, and to increase the soil.
Bai Zhi is warm in nature and pungent in flavor. It enters stomach, large intestine and lung meridians. Dispelling pathogenic wind, removing dampness, inducing resuscitation, relieving pain, relieving swelling, and expelling pus. Contains volatile oil. Twenty-nine compounds with high contents of methyl cyclo-decane, 1-tetradecene, ethyl laurate and several furocoumarins are detected from the volatile oil. In addition, it also contains imperatorin, angelicin, scopoletin, byak-angelicin, isoimperatorin, hydrated byak-angelicin, iso-hui-angelicin, oxypeucedanin, anethole, carvacrol, palmitic acid, etc.
Mulberry leaf, mulberry leaf, cold in nature, sweet and bitter in taste. It enters lung and liver meridians. Disperse wind-heat, clear lung-heat and moisten dryness, clear liver and improve vision. Contains flavonoid, steroid and triterpene, achyranthes bidentata sterone, ecdysterone, rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, coumarin, alkaloid, chlorogenic acid and trace amount of volatile oil.
According to the invention, the active ingredients of the characteristic component formula and the synergistic safener are compounded, an unexpected technical effect is obtained in corn planting, the photosynthetic performance of leaves in the corn grain filling period can be obviously improved, grain filling is promoted, and the final harvest yield is improved. The method has the advantages that the unexpected technical effect is obtained in the aspect of inhibiting the cucumber downy mildew, and the phytotoxicity such as growth obstruction, flower and fruit dropping, plant death and the like caused by improper use of the bactericide is relieved to a great extent. In conclusion, the invention can optimize the quality of crops, promote the growth of the crops and has the effects of increasing the production and income.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
The yield-increasing plant growth regulator comprises an active ingredient and a synergistic safety agent, wherein the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: the 24-epibrassinolide injection comprises 0.05 part of 24-epibrassinolide, 2.525 parts of benzylaminopurine and 1.025 parts of triacontanol, wherein the synergistic safety agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3 parts of angelica dahurica alcohol extract and 3 parts of mulberry leaf alcohol extract.
The active ingredient accounts for 2.6 percent of the mass of the plant growth regulator, and the synergistic safety agent accounts for 5.282 percent of the mass of the plant growth regulator.
The preparation method of the angelica dahurica alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning radix angelicae, crushing by a dry method, adding ethanol with the weight 4 times that of the radix angelicae, standing for 25min, adjusting the pH to 5.8 by using NaAc-HAc buffer solution, refluxing for 2h at 78-80 ℃, collecting a refluxing extract, carrying out reduced pressure concentration until the relative density is 1.07g/cm for carrying out thin film cultivation, transferring the thin film cultivation to a spray dryer for drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 140 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 110 ℃, and the feeding speed is 4ml/min, so as to obtain the radix angelicae alcohol extract.
The preparation method of the mulberry leaf alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning folium Mori, pulverizing by dry method to 50 mesh, adding 2.5 times of ethanol, pretreating with ultrasonic wave for 8min, leaching in water bath for 38min, filtering, leaching twice, mixing filtrates, cooling to 55 deg.C, rotary evaporating for concentration to relative density of 1.11g/cm, and vacuum freeze drying for 36h to obtain folium Mori ethanol extract.
The raw materials in the weight ratio are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is prepared into a soluble solution with the active ingredient mass percentage of 2.58% by a conventional preparation method with an auxiliary agent allowed in pesticides.
Example 2
The yield-increasing plant growth regulator comprises an active ingredient and a synergistic safety agent, wherein the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: the synergistic safety agent comprises 1 part of 28-high brassinolide, 0.5 part of benzylaminopurine and 2 parts of triacontanol, wherein the synergistic safety agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of angelica dahurica alcohol extract and 5 parts of mulberry leaf alcohol extract.
The active ingredient accounts for 3.7 percent of the mass of the plant growth regulator, and the synergistic safety agent accounts for 1.5 percent of the mass of the plant growth regulator.
The preparation method of the angelica dahurica alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning radix angelicae, crushing by a dry method, adding ethanol with the weight 5 times that of the radix angelicae, standing for 20min, adjusting the pH to 6.0 by using NaAc-HAc buffer solution, refluxing for 1h at 78-80 ℃, collecting a refluxing extract, carrying out reduced pressure concentration until the relative density is 1.1g/cm, carrying out dry cultivation in a spray dryer at the air inlet temperature of 150 ℃, the air outlet temperature of 120 ℃ and the feeding speed of 3ml/min, and thus obtaining the radix angelicae alcohol extract.
The preparation method of the mulberry leaf alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning folium Mori, pulverizing by dry method to 70 mesh, adding 2 times of ethanol, performing ultrasonic pretreatment for 10min, leaching in water bath for 30min, filtering, mixing filtrates, cooling to 60 deg.C, rotary evaporating for concentration to relative density of 1.2g/cm, and vacuum freeze drying for 48 hr to obtain folium Mori ethanol extract.
The raw materials in the weight ratio are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is prepared into a suspending agent with 1.75 percent of active ingredients in percentage by mass according to a conventional preparation method with auxiliary agents allowed in pesticides.
Example 3
The yield-increasing plant growth regulator comprises an active ingredient and a synergistic safety agent, wherein the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: propionyl brassinolide 0.001 parts, benzylaminopurine 5 parts and triacontanol 0.05 parts, wherein the synergistic safety agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of polyglutamic acid, 5 parts of angelica dahurica alcohol extract and 1 part of mulberry leaf alcohol extract.
The active ingredient accounts for 1.5 percent of the mass of the plant growth regulator, and the synergistic safety agent accounts for 10 percent of the mass of the plant growth regulator.
The preparation method of the angelica dahurica alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning radix angelicae, crushing by a dry method, adding ethanol with the weight 3 times that of the radix angelicae, standing for 30min, adjusting the pH to 5.6 by using NaAc-HAc buffer solution, refluxing for 1-3 h at 78-80 ℃, collecting a refluxing extract, concentrating under reduced pressure until the relative density is 1.05g/cm for cultivation, transferring to a spray dryer for drying, and obtaining the radix angelicae alcohol extract at an air inlet temperature of 130 ℃, an air outlet temperature of 100 ℃ and a feeding speed of 3 ml/min.
The preparation method of the mulberry leaf alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning folium Mori, pulverizing by dry method to 30 mesh, adding 3 times of ethanol, performing ultrasonic pretreatment for 5min, leaching in water bath for 45min, filtering, mixing the filtrates, cooling to 50 deg.C, rotary evaporating for concentration to relative density of 1.02g/cm, and vacuum freeze drying for 24 hr to obtain folium Mori ethanol extract.
The raw materials in the weight ratio are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is prepared into water dispersible granules with the active ingredient mass percentage of 3.5% with auxiliary agents allowed in pesticides according to a conventional preparation method.
Test example 1
The plant growth regulators prepared in the above examples 1 to 3 correspond to test examples 1 to 3, respectively, and were directly sprayed on leaf surfaces (50 g/mu), comparative example 1 was sprayed with clean water of the same volume, comparative example 2 was sprayed with 0.01% soluble solution of 24-epibrassinolide, comparative example 3 was sprayed with 2% soluble solution of benzylaminopurine, comparative example 4 was sprayed with 0.1% soluble powder of triacontanol, and comparative example 5 was sprayed with 2.58% soluble solution prepared from 0.05 parts of 24-epibrassinolide, 2.525 parts of benzylaminopurine and 1.025 parts of triacontanol.
2018.4-2018.9 are respectively applied to a corn field, the application is carried out in a high-bridge corn planting base in Liangping county, and the corn variety is sweet jade 9.
TABLE 1 Effect of spraying different plant growth regulators on corn growth
When the plant growth regulator disclosed by the embodiment 1-3 of the invention is sprayed, the expression is very good in the mature period of the corn, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and the like of the corn are higher than those of the comparative examples 1-5. In the corn cultivation process, the spraying of the plant growth regulator provided by the invention can improve the yield of corn, increase the ear length, the hundred grain weight and the like.
TABLE 2 Effect of spraying different plant growth regulators on corn yield and constitutive factors
The disease condition of the corn root rot is observed, in the corn cultivation process, the phenomenon that a large amount of root rot exists in the corn field sprayed with the plant growth regulator of comparative examples 1-5, and no large loss can be caused only by spraying the pesticide, while the corn sprayed with the plant growth regulator of examples 1-3 of the invention has the phenomenon of the corn root rot only in a small amount. In addition, the soil sprayed with the plant growth regulator of the invention has improved quality, and the water seepage, water retention and air permeability of the soil are enhanced.
Test example 2
The test method comprises the following steps: the field efficacy test is carried out according to the 'GB/T17980.26-2000 bactericide for preventing and controlling cucumber downy mildew' in the field efficacy test criterion (I).
The test agent, the control agent and the blank clear water are arranged in random block groups, and the area of each cell is 30m2The disease condition base is investigated before the application of the medicine, the application is carried out twice, and the prevention and treatment effects are investigated on the 10 th day after the application is carried out twice at intervals of 7 days. Four points are randomly selected for investigation in each cell, two plants are investigated in each point, and all leaves are investigated in each plant.
The classification method (in units of blades) is as follows:
level 0: no disease spots;
level 1: the lesion area accounts for less than 5% of the whole leaf area;
and 3, level: the lesion area accounts for 6-10% of the whole leaf area;
and 5, stage: the lesion area accounts for 11-25% of the whole leaf area;
and 7, stage: the lesion area accounts for 26-50% of the whole leaf area;
and 9, stage: the lesion area accounts for more than 50% of the whole leaf area.
The drug effect calculation method comprises the following steps:
in the above formula (4): CK (CK)0、CK1Disease indexes before and after drug application in the blank control area are respectively;
PT0、PT1the disease indexes before and after the drug treatment area is applied are respectively.
TABLE 3 field test results of efficacy
As can be seen from the above Table 3, the application of the plant growth regulator of the present invention has unexpected control effect on cucumber downy mildew, and has obvious yield increasing effect, all treatments have no obvious adverse effect on the growth of cucumber, the leaf color, the melon type and the like are normal, and the safety is good.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any simple modification, modification and substitution changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The yield-increasing plant growth regulator is characterized by comprising an active ingredient and a synergistic safety agent, wherein the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.001-1 part of brassinolide, 0.5-5 parts of benzylaminopurine and 0.05-2 parts of triacontanol, wherein the synergistic safety agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1-5 parts of angelica dahurica alcohol extract and 1-5 parts of mulberry leaf alcohol extract.
2. A yield-increasing plant growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein the active ingredient accounts for 1.5-3.7% by mass of the plant growth regulator, and the synergistic safener accounts for 1.5-10% by mass of the plant growth regulator.
3. A yield-increasing plant growth regulator according to claim 2, wherein the brassinolide is selected from one of 28-homobrassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide, 25-methyl brassinolide, propionyl brassinolide, 28-epibrassinolide, mixotrophin brassinolide and 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid.
4. A method for preparing a plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the raw materials in the weight ratio are uniformly mixed and prepared into a suspension, a water dispersible granule, a dispersible oil suspension or a solution with a pesticide-allowable auxiliary agent.
5. The method for preparing a yield-increasing plant growth regulator according to claim 4, wherein the method for preparing the radix angelicae alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning radix angelicae, crushing by a dry method, adding ethanol with the weight being 3-5 times that of the radix angelicae, standing for 20-30 min, adjusting the pH value to 5.6-6.0 by using NaAc-HAc buffer solution, refluxing for 1-3 h at 78-80 ℃, collecting a refluxing extracting solution, carrying out reduced pressure concentration until the relative density is 1.05-1.1 g/cm, carrying out spray drying, and thus obtaining the radix angelicae alcohol extract.
6. The method for preparing a yield-increasing plant growth regulator according to claim 5, wherein a spray dryer is used for spray drying, the air inlet temperature is 130-150 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the feeding speed is 3-5 ml/min.
7. The method for preparing a yield-increasing plant growth regulator of claim 4, wherein the method for preparing the mulberry leaf alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
cleaning mulberry leaves, crushing the mulberry leaves to 30-70 meshes by a dry method, adding ethanol with the weight being 2-3 times that of the mulberry leaves, carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment for 5-10 min, carrying out water bath leaching for 30-45 min, filtering, leaching twice, combining filtrates, cooling to 50-60 ℃, carrying out rotary evaporation concentration until the relative density is 1.02-1.2 g/cm, carrying out vacuum freeze drying for 24-48 h, and thus obtaining the mulberry leaf alcohol extract.
8. Use of the plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for promoting the production of strong corn seeds.
9. Use of a plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for inhibiting cucumber downy mildew.
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