CN113999321A - 一种具有广谱中和活性的新冠病毒抗体及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种具有广谱中和活性的新冠病毒抗体及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有广谱中和活性的新冠病毒抗体及其制备方法与应用。本发明的新冠病毒抗体的制备方法包括如下步骤:采用免疫原免疫禽类动物,得到所述抗体;所述免疫原包括蛋白质A和蛋白质B,所述蛋白质A的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示;所述蛋白质B的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示。该新冠病毒抗体针对新冠病毒野生毒株和变异毒株均具有良好的交叉中和活性,而且诱导的抗体滴度远高于已报道的采用灭活疫苗获得抗体水平。小鼠鼻腔吸入后,可获得针对高剂量新冠病毒攻毒的保护,肺部未见到明显病理变化。大耳白兔鼻腔吸入后,可在支气管和肺脏中检测到高滴度的中和抗体。该抗体可被开发成鼻用制剂,用于新冠病毒感染的预防和/或治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,具体涉及一种具有广谱中和活性的新冠病毒抗体及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
全球新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)疫情依旧严峻,不断出现的突变株造成了多地疫情反复。从早期的Alpha毒株,到如今肆虐近百个国家的Delta毒株以及新出现的Omicron毒株,变异毒株的传染性逐渐增强,而新冠疫苗的保护效力呈减弱趋势。尽管全球已有近一半人口接种了疫苗,但变异毒株造成的突破感染使得群体免疫效力大幅降低,而且康复人群的再感染病例不断上升,给我们的疫情防控提出了新的挑战。
尽管全球已有多个疫苗获得紧急使用授权,但这些疫苗主要以肌肉注射为主,均无法诱导粘膜免疫应答,病毒依然可以在上呼吸道复制并造成感染,因此即使完全接种疫苗也难以有效预防感染。已有多个研究机构开始探索粘膜免疫疫苗,希望通过疫苗接种诱导局部免疫应答,进而在呼吸道表面产生病毒特异抗体,从而阻断病毒在呼吸道的侵入和感染。然而,由于新冠病毒属于RNA病毒,具有较强的变异性,新冠病毒的持续变异导致了不断会有新的变异毒株出现,疫苗的研发难以跟上病毒变异的脚步。如果能够使呼吸道表面快速形成一层保护性广谱中和抗体,将能够有效解决目前的疫情防控难题。
抗体被证明对于新冠肺炎(COVID-19)具有良好的治疗效果,目前已有多个治疗性单克隆抗体和康复血清获得紧急使用授权。然而,由于价格昂贵,这些抗体制剂仅用于住院病人重症肺炎的治疗。卵黄抗体是一种成本低廉,易于制备的抗体产品,已被证明可用于SARS-CoV、登革病毒、埃博拉病毒、流感病毒等多种病原微生物的预防和治疗。前期有研究尝试用灭活疫苗免疫产蛋鸡制备卵黄抗体,但由于获得的抗体中和活性较低,其进入体内后会被体液稀释,从而难以达到免疫保护所需最低抗体水平。只有获得高中和活性的抗体产品,才有可能被用于新冠肺炎的预防或治疗。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有广谱中和活性的新冠病毒抗体及其制备方法与应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明首先提供了一种免疫原。
本发明提供的免疫原为免疫原甲或免疫原乙;
所述免疫原甲由蛋白质A和蛋白质B组成;
所述免疫原乙由蛋白质C和蛋白质D组成;
所述蛋白质A的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示;
所述蛋白质B的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示;
所述蛋白质C的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列1所示;
所述蛋白质D的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列4所示。
其中,所述蛋白质C依次包括如下功能元件:人白介素10信号肽(序列1第1-18位);野生型-RBD(序列1第19-224位);foldon(Fd)蛋白(序列1第225-251位);His6标签(序列1第255-260位)。在细胞中,通过哺乳动物细胞表达载体表达得到的蛋白质C中的人白介素10信号肽在分泌过程中会被切掉,仅保留成熟的目标蛋白,该成熟的目标蛋白即为蛋白质A,其氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示。
所述蛋白质D依次包括如下功能元件:人白介素10信号肽(序列4第1-18位);突变型-RBD(序列4第19-224位);foldon(Fd)蛋白(序列4第225-251位);His6标签(序列4第260-265位)。在细胞中,通过哺乳动物细胞表达载体表达得到的蛋白质D中的人白介素10信号肽在分泌过程中会被切掉,仅保留成熟的目标蛋白,该成熟的目标蛋白即为蛋白质B,其氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示。
为了实现上述目的,本发明还提供了与免疫原相关的生物材料。
本发明提供的与免疫原相关的生物材料为与免疫原甲相关的生物材料或与免疫原乙相关的生物材料;
所述与免疫原甲相关的生物材料由与蛋白质A相关的生物材料和与蛋白质B相关的生物材料组成;
所述与免疫原乙相关的生物材料由与蛋白质C相关的生物材料和与蛋白质D相关的生物材料组成;
所述与蛋白质A相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质A的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质A的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质A的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质A的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述与蛋白质B相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质B的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质B的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质B的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质B的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述与蛋白质C相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质C的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质C的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质C的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质C的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述与蛋白质D相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质D的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质D的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质D的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质D的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述蛋白质A的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示;
所述蛋白质B的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示;
所述蛋白质C的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列1所示;
所述蛋白质D的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列4所示。
进一步的,编码蛋白质A的核酸分子如序列表中序列2第55-783位所示;
编码蛋白质B的核酸分子如序列表中序列5第55-798位所示;
编码蛋白质C的核酸分子如序列表中序列2所示;
编码蛋白质D的核酸分子如序列表中序列5所示。
为了实现上述目的,本发明还提供了一种免疫原的制备方法。
本发明提供的免疫原(免疫原甲)的制备方法包括制备蛋白质A和蛋白质B的步骤;
所述蛋白质A的制备方法包括如下步骤:将序列表中序列2所示的DNA分子插入表达载体,得到重组表达载体甲;将所述重组表达载体甲导入哺乳动物细胞并进行培养,收集上清液;从所述上清液中纯化得到蛋白质A;
所述蛋白质B的制备方法包括如下步骤:将序列表中序列5所示的DNA分子插入表达载体,得到重组表达载体乙;将所述重组表达载体乙导入哺乳动物细胞并进行培养,收集上清液;从所述上清液中纯化得到蛋白质B;
所述蛋白质A的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示;
所述蛋白质B的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示。
上述免疫原制备方法中,所述表达载体可为本领域中常用的哺乳动物细胞表达载体,如pCDNA3.1载体。在本发明的具体实施例中,所述重组表达载体甲为将序列表中序列2所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间后得到的载体。所述重组表达载体乙为将序列表中序列5所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间后得到的载体。
所述哺乳细胞可为本领域中常用的哺乳动物细胞,如HEK293细胞。
上述免疫原制备方法具体可包括如下步骤:
1)采用脂质体转染法将上述重组表达载体转染对数期生长的HEK293细胞,孵育4-6小时,然后采用DMEM细胞培养液培养72小时,收集细胞培养上清;
2)将步骤1)得到的细胞培养上清离心,收集上清液;
3)采用0.22μm滤膜将步骤2)得到的上清液进行过滤,收集滤液;
4)采用截留分子量为10kDa的超滤膜包将步骤3)得到的滤液进行浓缩,收集浓缩液;
5)采用镍离子金属螯合亲和层析介质对步骤4)得到的浓缩液进行纯化,收集含有目标蛋白的过柱后溶液;
6)取步骤5)得到的含有目标蛋白的过柱后溶液上分子筛,用PBS缓冲液(pH7.2)冲洗,收集目标蛋白峰,获得目标蛋白(蛋白质A或蛋白质B)。
为了实现上述目的,本发明还提供了上述免疫原或生物材料或按照上述方法制备得到的免疫原的新用途。
本发明提供了上述免疫原或生物材料或按照上述方法制备得到的免疫原在如下X1)-X4)任一种中的应用:
X1)制备新冠病毒抗体;
X2)制备抗新冠病毒的产品;
X3)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒感染的产品;
X4)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒所致疾病的产品。
为了实现上述目的,本发明还提供了一种新冠病毒抗体的制备方法。
本发明提供的新冠病毒抗体的制备方法包括如下步骤:采用上述免疫原免疫禽类动物,得到所述抗体。
上述新冠病毒抗体制备方法中,所述禽类动物包括但不限于鸡(如蛋鸡),还可以为其他禽类,如鸭,鹅,或者可产蛋的两栖类动物。
上述新冠病毒抗体制备方法中,所述免疫原为免疫原甲,所述免疫原甲中的蛋白质A和蛋白质B的质量比为1:1。
上述新冠病毒抗体制备方法中,采用上述免疫原免疫禽类动物的方法包括用蛋白质A、蛋白质B和佐剂免疫禽类动物。进一步的,所述佐剂为白油佐剂。更进一步的,所述蛋白质A、所述蛋白质B和所述白油佐剂的配比为10μg:10μg:1mL。
所述免疫方式为注射。所述免疫剂量为每次注射蛋白质A 10μg、蛋白质B 10μg,白油佐剂 1 mL。所述免疫次数为每隔3周注射一次,共注射3次。
上述新冠病毒抗体制备方法中,所述免疫后还包括如下步骤:
1)从免疫后禽类动物中采集卵黄,并将卵黄与蒸馏水混合,pH调至5.2,静置10小时,离心,收集上清液;
2)向步骤1)中的上清液加入正辛酸溶液,过滤除去沉淀,取上清液;
3)将步骤2)中的上清液超滤浓缩10倍,得到浓缩抗体;
4)将PBS缓冲液(pH7.2)经过凝胶过滤层析柱注入步骤3)中的浓缩抗体,收集新冠病毒抗体溶液。
进一步的,所述步骤1)中,所述卵黄与所述蒸馏水的体积比为1:8。所述离心的条件为10000g离心15分钟。
所述步骤2)中,向步骤1)中的上清液按照1%(体积百分比)的比例加入正辛酸水溶液。
所述步骤3)中,将步骤2)中的上清液经Pellicon® XL小型切向流超滤膜包超滤浓缩10倍。
所述步骤4)中,将PBS缓冲液(pH7.2)以2 mL/min流速持续流经凝胶过滤层析柱Superdex 200注入步骤3)中的浓缩抗体。
按照上述方法制备得到的新冠病毒抗体也属于本发明的保护范围。
上述新冠病毒抗体在如下Y1)-Y3)任一种中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围:
Y1)制备抗新冠病毒的产品;
Y2)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒感染的产品;
Y3)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒所致疾病的产品。
为了实现上述目的,本发明还提供了一种抗新冠病毒的产品。
本发明提供的抗新冠病毒的产品的活性成分为上述新冠病毒抗体。
上述任一所述产品,在需要的时候,可在所述产品中加入一种或多种药学上可接受的载体,也可以添加常规的助溶剂、缓冲剂、pH调节剂等,还可以添加着色剂、防腐剂、香料、矫味剂、甜味剂或其它材料。所述产品可以制成多种剂型,优选为滴剂或喷剂,给药方式优选为呼吸道给药(如经鼻腔)。在本发明的具体实施例中,所述产品为鼻用制剂,如鼻喷制剂或滴鼻制剂。
上述任一所述应用或方法或产品中,所述新冠病毒所致疾病包括新冠肺炎(COVID-19)。
上述任一所述应用或方法或产品中,所述新冠病毒抗体为新冠病毒卵黄抗体。
上述任一所述应用或方法或产品中,所述新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)不仅包括野生毒株,如Wuhan-Hu-1毒株,也包括各种变异毒株,如Beta毒株、Delta毒株。
本发明通过优化设计免疫原,制备得到一种广谱的新冠病毒特异卵黄抗体,它针对野生毒株和WHO认定的重点关注毒株(VOCs)Beta和Delta具有良好的交叉中和活性。而且诱导的抗体滴度远高于已报道的采用灭活疫苗获得抗体水平。通过实验表明:小鼠鼻腔吸入后,可获得针对高剂量新冠病毒攻毒的保护,肺部未见到明显病理变化。大耳白兔鼻腔吸入后,可在支气管和肺脏中检测到高滴度的中和抗体。证明本发明制备的新冠病毒抗体可通过鼻喷快速使呼吸道拥有免疫保护能力。除此之外,该抗体还表现出了良好的热稳定性。因此,该抗体可被开发成鼻喷制剂,用于新冠病毒感染的预防和/或治疗。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中重组RBD-Mu蛋白鉴定结果。
图2为实施例2中最优免疫方案筛选结果。
图3为实施例3中抗体稳定性检测结果(中和抗体)。
图4为实施例3中抗体稳定性检测结果(抗体纯度和浓度)。
图5为实施例4中病毒核酸和滴度检测结果。
图6为实施例4中病理切分分析和免疫荧光分析结果。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述,给出的实施例仅为了阐明本发明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。以下提供的实施例可作为本技术领域普通技术人员进行进一步改进的指南,并不以任何方式构成对本发明的限制。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
下述实施例中的CAS-B001毒株记载于文献“Establishment of a humanizedswine model for COVID-19. Cell Discov 7, 70 (2021).”中。
下述实施例中的可表达人ACE2的5型腺病毒记载于文献“Generation of aBroadly Useful Model for COVID-19 Pathogenesis, Vaccination, and Treatment.Cell, 2020. 182(3): p. 734-743 e5”中。
实施例1、免疫原的制备
一、重组质粒的制备
1、野生型RBD表达质粒的构建
按照专利号为“ZL202010847271”、发明名称为“一种COVID-19亚单位疫苗及其制备方法”的发明专利中的方法,制备野生型RBD表达质粒。具体步骤如下:
将序列表中序列2所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体(赛默飞公司,货号为V79020)的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间,得到重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd。重组质粒已进行测序验证。
序列表中序列2所示的DNA分子编码序列表中序列1所示的融合蛋白,自N端至C端依
次包括如下功能元件:人白介素10信号肽(序列1中第1-18位),用于将RBD重组蛋白分泌到细胞外;野生型RBD(序列1中第19-224位);foldon(Fd)蛋白(序列1中第225-251位),用于协助RBD蛋白形成三聚体结构;His6标签(序列1中第255-260位),便于纯化重组蛋白。
在细胞中,先表达得到序列表中序列1所示的融合蛋白,人白介素10信号肽在分泌过程中会被切掉,最终仅保留成熟的目标蛋白。该成熟的目标蛋白的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示,并将其记作RBD-WT。
2、突变型RBD表达质粒的构建
通过对新冠病毒刺突蛋白结构进行分析,确定刺突蛋白RBD结构域中的K417T、L452R、E484K和N501Y氨基酸位点对于RBD与细胞表面受体ACE2结合至关重要,这些位点突变会导致RBD的抗原表位漂移。构建如下表达关键氨基酸位点发生突变的突变型RBD表达质粒:
1)多位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mu的构建
将序列表中序列5所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间,得到重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mu。重组质粒已进行测序验证。
序列表中序列5所示的DNA分子编码序列表中序列4所示的融合蛋白,自N端至C端依
次包括如下功能元件:人白介素10信号肽(序列4中第1-18位),用于将RBD重组蛋白分泌到细胞外;突变型RBD(序列4中第19-224位);foldon(Fd)蛋白(序列4中第225-251位),用于协助RBD蛋白形成三聚体结构;His6标签(序列4中第260-265位),便于纯化重组蛋白。
在细胞中,先表达得到序列表中序列4所示的融合蛋白,人白介素10信号肽在分泌过程中会被切掉,仅保留成熟的目标蛋白。该成熟的目标蛋白氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示,并将其记作RBD-Mu。
2)单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mua(K417T)的构建
将序列表中序列7所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间,得到重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mua(K417T)。重组质粒已进行测序验证。
3)单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mub(L452R)的构建
将序列表中序列8所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间,得到重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mub(L452R)。重组质粒已进行测序验证。
4)单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Muc(E484K)的构建
将序列表中序列9所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间,得到重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Muc(E484K)。重组质粒已进行测序验证。
5)单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mud(N501Y)的构建
将序列表中序列10所示的双链DNA分子插入pCDNA3.1载体的NotI和XbaI酶切位点之间,得到重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mud(N501Y)。重组质粒已进行测序验证。
二、重组蛋白的表达
1、采用脂质体转染法将步骤一制备得到的重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd转染对数期生长的HEK293细胞(赛默飞公司,货号为A14635),孵育4-6小时,然后采用DMEM 细胞培养液培养72h,收集细胞培养上清。
2、完成步骤1后,将得到的上清液离心,收集上清液。
3、完成步骤2后,采用0.22µm滤膜过滤上清液,收集含有RBD-WT蛋白的滤液。
按照上述步骤1-3,将重组质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd分别替换为多位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mu、单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mua(K417T)、单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mub(L452R)、单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Muc(E484K)、单位点突变型RBD表达质粒pCDNA/nCoV-RBDFd-Mud(N501Y),分别得到含有RBD-Mu蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Mua(K417T)蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Mub(L452R)蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Muc(E484K)蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Mud(N501Y)蛋白的滤液。
三、重组蛋白的纯化
1、将步骤二得到的含有RBD-WT蛋白的滤液,采用截留分子量为10 kDa的超滤膜包(millipore)进行浓缩,收集浓缩液。
2、完成步骤1后,将浓缩液采用镍离子金属螯合亲和层析介质进行纯化,收集含有目标蛋白的过柱后溶液。
3、完成步骤2后,将含有目标蛋白的过柱后溶液上分子筛(Superdex 200,GEHealthcare,USA),用PBS缓冲液(pH7.2)冲洗,收集目标蛋白峰,获得野生型RBD三聚体重组蛋白RBD-WT。
按照上述步骤1-3,将含有RBD-WT蛋白的滤液分别替换为含有RBD-Mu蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Mua(K417T)蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Mub(L452R)蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Muc(E484K)蛋白的滤液、含有RBD-Mud(N501Y)蛋白的滤液,得到突变型RBD三聚体重组蛋白RBD-Mu、RBD-Mua(K417T)、RBD-Mub(L452R)、RBD-Muc(E484K)、RBD-Mud(N501Y)。通过SDS-PAGE电泳(同时进行还原电泳和非还原电泳,以鉴定蛋白的还原和非还原两种形式)对各纯化的重组蛋白进行鉴定,其中重组蛋白RBD-Mu的鉴定结果如图1所示。
实施例2、抗新冠病毒卵黄抗体的制备
一、免疫方案
实验动物:150日龄蛋鸡(天津挑战生物技术有限公司)。
实验方法:将实验动物随机分成8组进行肌肉注射,每组5只蛋鸡,每隔3周注射一次(共注射3次),每组处理方法具体如下:
野生株免疫组(RBD-WT):注射实施例1制备的RBD-WT蛋白,每次注射剂量为20 μg,配合白油佐剂(浙江正信,货号:C-ZS-007),每次注射1 mL。
突变株免疫组(RBD-Mu):注射实施例1制备的RBD-Mu蛋白,每次注射剂量为20 μg,配合白油佐剂,每次注射1 mL。
混合免疫组(RBD-WT+RBD-Mu):注射实施例1制备的RBD-WT蛋白和RBD-Mu蛋白,每次注射剂量为两种蛋白各10μg,配合白油佐剂,每次注射1 mL。
突变株免疫组(RBD-Mua):注射实施例1制备的RBD-Mua(K417T)蛋白,每次注射剂量为20μg,配合白油佐剂,每次注射1 mL。
突变株免疫组(RBD-Mub):注射实施例1制备的RBD-Mub(L452R)蛋白,每次注射剂量为20μg,配合白油佐剂,每次注射1 mL。
突变株免疫组(RBD-Muc):注射实施例1制备的RBD-Muc(E484K)蛋白,每次注射剂量为20μg,配合白油佐剂,每次注射1 mL。
突变株免疫组(RBD-Mud):注射实施例1制备的RBD-Mud(N501Y)蛋白,每次注射剂量为20μg,配合白油佐剂,每次注射1 mL。
磷酸盐缓冲液组(PBS):注射磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.2),每次注射1 mL。
二、卵黄抗体提纯和鉴定
1、采集步骤一中各组蛋鸡的卵黄,将1体积份的卵黄与8体积份的蒸馏水混合,pH值调至5.2,静置10小时,10000g离心15分钟,收集上清液,按照1%(体积百分比)的比例加入正辛酸水溶液,过滤除去沉淀,取上清液。
2、完成步骤1后,将上清液经Pellicon® XL小型切向流超滤膜包(密理博)超滤浓缩10倍,得到浓缩抗体。
3、完成步骤2后,将PBS缓冲液(pH7.2)以2 mL/min流速持续流经凝胶过滤层析柱Superdex 200(GE生命科学,货号:17-5175-01)注入浓缩抗体,收集目的蛋白(卵黄抗体)溶液,卵黄抗体浓度约为10毫克/毫升。
4、完成步骤3后,采用假病毒中和实验对获得的目的蛋白(卵黄抗体)溶液中的卵黄抗体的中和活性进行验证,具体操作步骤参照已发表文献(A recombinant receptor-binding domain in trimeric form generates protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection in nonhuman primates. Innovation (N Y) 2, 100140, doi:10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100140 (2021).)中的检测方法。
结果如表1和图2所示。结果表明,混合免疫组产生的抗体表现出了良好的交叉中和活性,对于野生毒株、Beta变异毒株以及Delta变异毒株均具有高中和活性;而单一免疫原产生的抗体交叉中和活性相对较低。其中,单独免疫RBD-WT组,相比野生毒株,针对Beta和Delta变异毒株中和活性下降30-40%;单独免疫RBD-Mu组,相比Beta变异毒株,针对野生毒株中和活性下降约50%;单独免疫RBD-Mua组,针对野生毒株抗体水平出现下降,针对变异毒株未见提升;单独免疫RBD-Mub组,针对野生毒株抗体水平出现下降,针对Delta变异毒株略有提升,但针对Beta变异毒株无提升;单独免疫RBD-Muc组,针对Beta变异毒株略有提升,但针对Delta变异毒株无提升;单独免疫RBD-Mud组,针对野生毒株抗体水平出现下降,针对变异毒株未见提升。由此可见,采用RBD-WT和RBD-Mu蛋白联合免疫,可获得针对新冠病毒的广谱中和抗体。单突变RBD不及4突变RBD具有更好的交叉保护效果,采用PBS免疫组未检测到中和活性。
表1、不同免疫原制备抗体的交叉中和活性
实施例3、抗新冠病毒卵黄抗体稳定性实验
将实施例2得到的卵黄抗体溶液(混合免疫组)置于25℃避光保存3个月,每隔一个月检测其中和活性,并进行SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定。
结果如图3和图4所示。结果表明,抗体具有良好的热稳定性,25℃放置3个月其中和活性未发生变化,而且蛋白纯度和浓度也未见明显变化。
实施例4、抗新冠病毒卵黄抗体动物保护实验
实验动物:6-8周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠(北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司购买)。
实验方法:首先对小鼠鼻腔接入8×109 VP(virus particle,病毒颗粒)浓度的可表达人ACE2的5型腺病毒,使小鼠对新冠病毒易感。5天后,对小鼠进行麻醉,鼻腔滴入0.1mL的实施例2制备的卵黄抗体溶液(混合免疫组),同时设立PBS阴性对照组;30分钟后,鼻腔滴入5×105 TCID50新冠病毒CAS-B001毒株病毒液。3天后对小鼠进行安乐死,分别收集肺脏、气管组织。采用荧光PCR方法对肺脏和气管组织中的病毒核酸进行定量检测,并对肺脏组织中的病毒进行TCID50滴度测定。另外,分别对肺脏组织进行病理切分分析和免疫荧光分析,鉴定其病理损伤。
病毒核酸和滴度检测结果如图5所示。结果表明,PBS对照组小鼠肺脏和气管中均检测到高浓度的病毒核酸,肺脏中病毒核酸浓度达到109 拷贝/克,气管中病毒核酸浓度达到107 拷贝/克,而鼻腔滴入抗体实验组小鼠肺脏中病毒核酸浓度降低了1000倍,气管中病毒核酸浓度降低了100倍;PBS对照组小鼠肺脏组织可检到高浓度的活病毒,而鼻腔滴入抗体实验组小鼠肺脏中未检到活病毒。
病理切分分析和免疫荧光分析结果如图6所示。结果表明,PBS对照组小鼠肺脏可见明显病理损伤,而鼻腔滴入抗体实验组小鼠肺脏未见明显病理损伤;PBS对照组小鼠肺脏可检到大量病毒蛋白,而鼻腔滴入抗体实验组小鼠肺脏仅能检到微量病毒蛋白。总之,鼻腔滴入卵黄抗体后,小鼠获得了针对新冠病毒攻毒的保护。说明本发明制备得到的卵黄抗体可用于新冠病毒暴露后的紧急预防。
实施例5、在大耳白兔上评价抗体鼻喷效果实验
实验动物:5只大耳白兔,体重1.5 公斤(北京百尔康纳特实验兔繁育生物技术开发有限公司)。
实验方法:分别将实施例2得到的卵黄抗体溶液(混合免疫组)采用鼻喷瓶喷入兔鼻腔,每只喷4次,约为0.3毫升,30分钟后,采用生理盐水对支气管和肺脏进行灌洗,获得支气管肺泡灌洗液,检测灌洗液中和抗体活性。
结果表明,5只兔支气管肺泡灌洗液中和抗体滴度分别为112.6、137.8、155.1、187.9和143.7,均在100-200范围内。文献“Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgY Isolated from EggYolks of Hens Immunized with Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 for Immunoprophylaxis ofCOVID-19. Virologica Sinica (2021).”报道:用灭活疫苗免疫产蛋鸡,中和抗体滴度远低于本发明的抗体水平,由于抗体滴度过低,被人体体液稀释后无法在呼吸道表面形成有效的保护,因此无法用于新冠病毒感染的预防。而本发明制备的新冠病毒抗体通过鼻腔喷入,兔子呼吸道表面已获得足够剂量的抗体保护,可有效预防新冠病毒感染。
以上对本发明进行了详述。对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的宗旨和范围,以及无需进行不必要的实验情况下,可在等同参数、浓度和条件下,在较宽范围内实施本发明。虽然本发明给出了特殊的实施例,应该理解为,可以对本发明作进一步的改进。总之,按本发明的原理,本申请欲包括任何变更、用途或对本发明的改进,包括脱离了本申请中已公开范围,而用本领域已知的常规技术进行的改变。按以下附带的权利要求的范围,可以进行一些基本特征的应用。
序列表
<110> 中国科学院微生物研究所
<120> 一种具有广谱中和活性的新冠病毒抗体及其制备方法与应用
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gtcctatata attccgcatc attttccact tttaagtgtt atggagtgtc tcctactaaa 240
ttaaatgatc tctgctttac taatgtctat gcagattcat ttgtaattag aggtgatgaa 300
gtcagacaaa tcgctccagg gcaaactgga aatattgctg attataatta taaattacca 360
gatgatttta caggctgcgt tatagcttgg aattctaaca atcttgattc taaggttggt 420
ggtaattata attaccggta tagattgttt aggaagtcta atctcaaacc ttttgagaga 480
gatatttcaa ctgaaatcta tcaggccggt agcacacctt gtaatggtgt taaaggtttt 540
aattgttact ttcctttaca atcatatggt ttccaaccca cttatggtgt tggttaccaa 600
ccatacagag tagtagtact ttcttttgaa cttctacatg caccagcaac tgtttgtgga 660
cctaaaaagt ctggatatat ccccgaggct cccagagacg gccaggccta tgtgagaaag 720
gacggagagt gggtgctgct gagcaccttt ctgggcggcg gcagcggcgg cggcagccac 780
catcaccatc atcactga 798
<210> 6
<211> 247
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 6
Ser Ile Val Arg Phe Pro Asn Ile Thr Asn Leu Cys Pro Phe Gly Glu
1 5 10 15
Val Phe Asn Ala Thr Arg Phe Ala Ser Val Tyr Ala Trp Asn Arg Lys
20 25 30
Arg Ile Ser Asn Cys Val Ala Asp Tyr Ser Val Leu Tyr Asn Ser Ala
35 40 45
Ser Phe Ser Thr Phe Lys Cys Tyr Gly Val Ser Pro Thr Lys Leu Asn
50 55 60
Asp Leu Cys Phe Thr Asn Val Tyr Ala Asp Ser Phe Val Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Asp Glu Val Arg Gln Ile Ala Pro Gly Gln Thr Gly Asn Ile Ala Asp
85 90 95
Tyr Asn Tyr Lys Leu Pro Asp Asp Phe Thr Gly Cys Val Ile Ala Trp
100 105 110
Asn Ser Asn Asn Leu Asp Ser Lys Val Gly Gly Asn Tyr Asn Tyr Arg
115 120 125
Tyr Arg Leu Phe Arg Lys Ser Asn Leu Lys Pro Phe Glu Arg Asp Ile
130 135 140
Ser Thr Glu Ile Tyr Gln Ala Gly Ser Thr Pro Cys Asn Gly Val Lys
145 150 155 160
Gly Phe Asn Cys Tyr Phe Pro Leu Gln Ser Tyr Gly Phe Gln Pro Thr
165 170 175
Tyr Gly Val Gly Tyr Gln Pro Tyr Arg Val Val Val Leu Ser Phe Glu
180 185 190
Leu Leu His Ala Pro Ala Thr Val Cys Gly Pro Lys Lys Ser Gly Tyr
195 200 205
Ile Pro Glu Ala Pro Arg Asp Gly Gln Ala Tyr Val Arg Lys Asp Gly
210 215 220
Glu Trp Val Leu Leu Ser Thr Phe Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly
225 230 235 240
Ser His His His His His His
245
<210> 7
<211> 798
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 7
atgcacagct cagcactgct ctgttgcctg gtcctcctga ctggggtgag ggcctctatt 60
gttagatttc ctaatattac aaacttgtgc ccttttggtg aagtttttaa cgccaccaga 120
tttgcatctg tttatgcttg gaacaggaag agaatcagca actgtgttgc tgattattct 180
gtcctatata attccgcatc attttccact tttaagtgtt atggagtgtc tcctactaaa 240
ttaaatgatc tctgctttac taatgtctat gcagattcat ttgtaattag aggtgatgaa 300
gtcagacaaa tcgctccagg gcaaactgga aatattgctg attataatta taaattacca 360
gatgatttta caggctgcgt tatagcttgg aattctaaca atcttgattc taaggttggt 420
ggtaattata attacctgta tagattgttt aggaagtcta atctcaaacc ttttgagaga 480
gatatttcaa ctgaaatcta tcaggccggt agcacacctt gtaatggtgt tgaaggtttt 540
aattgttact ttcctttaca atcatatggt ttccaaccca ctaatggtgt tggttaccaa 600
ccatacagag tagtagtact ttcttttgaa cttctacatg caccagcaac tgtttgtgga 660
cctaaaaagt ctggatatat ccccgaggct cccagagacg gccaggccta tgtgagaaag 720
gacggagagt gggtgctgct gagcaccttt ctgggcggcg gcagcggcgg cggcagccac 780
catcaccatc atcactga 798
<210> 8
<211> 798
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 8
atgcacagct cagcactgct ctgttgcctg gtcctcctga ctggggtgag ggcctctatt 60
gttagatttc ctaatattac aaacttgtgc ccttttggtg aagtttttaa cgccaccaga 120
tttgcatctg tttatgcttg gaacaggaag agaatcagca actgtgttgc tgattattct 180
gtcctatata attccgcatc attttccact tttaagtgtt atggagtgtc tcctactaaa 240
ttaaatgatc tctgctttac taatgtctat gcagattcat ttgtaattag aggtgatgaa 300
gtcagacaaa tcgctccagg gcaaactgga aagattgctg attataatta taaattacca 360
gatgatttta caggctgcgt tatagcttgg aattctaaca atcttgattc taaggttggt 420
ggtaattata attaccggta tagattgttt aggaagtcta atctcaaacc ttttgagaga 480
gatatttcaa ctgaaatcta tcaggccggt agcacacctt gtaatggtgt tgaaggtttt 540
aattgttact ttcctttaca atcatatggt ttccaaccca ctaatggtgt tggttaccaa 600
ccatacagag tagtagtact ttcttttgaa cttctacatg caccagcaac tgtttgtgga 660
cctaaaaagt ctggatatat ccccgaggct cccagagacg gccaggccta tgtgagaaag 720
gacggagagt gggtgctgct gagcaccttt ctgggcggcg gcagcggcgg cggcagccac 780
catcaccatc atcactga 798
<210> 9
<211> 798
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 9
atgcacagct cagcactgct ctgttgcctg gtcctcctga ctggggtgag ggcctctatt 60
gttagatttc ctaatattac aaacttgtgc ccttttggtg aagtttttaa cgccaccaga 120
tttgcatctg tttatgcttg gaacaggaag agaatcagca actgtgttgc tgattattct 180
gtcctatata attccgcatc attttccact tttaagtgtt atggagtgtc tcctactaaa 240
ttaaatgatc tctgctttac taatgtctat gcagattcat ttgtaattag aggtgatgaa 300
gtcagacaaa tcgctccagg gcaaactgga aagattgctg attataatta taaattacca 360
gatgatttta caggctgcgt tatagcttgg aattctaaca atcttgattc taaggttggt 420
ggtaattata attacctgta tagattgttt aggaagtcta atctcaaacc ttttgagaga 480
gatatttcaa ctgaaatcta tcaggccggt agcacacctt gtaatggtgt taaaggtttt 540
aattgttact ttcctttaca atcatatggt ttccaaccca ctaatggtgt tggttaccaa 600
ccatacagag tagtagtact ttcttttgaa cttctacatg caccagcaac tgtttgtgga 660
cctaaaaagt ctggatatat ccccgaggct cccagagacg gccaggccta tgtgagaaag 720
gacggagagt gggtgctgct gagcaccttt ctgggcggcg gcagcggcgg cggcagccac 780
catcaccatc atcactga 798
<210> 10
<211> 798
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<400> 10
atgcacagct cagcactgct ctgttgcctg gtcctcctga ctggggtgag ggcctctatt 60
gttagatttc ctaatattac aaacttgtgc ccttttggtg aagtttttaa cgccaccaga 120
tttgcatctg tttatgcttg gaacaggaag agaatcagca actgtgttgc tgattattct 180
gtcctatata attccgcatc attttccact tttaagtgtt atggagtgtc tcctactaaa 240
ttaaatgatc tctgctttac taatgtctat gcagattcat ttgtaattag aggtgatgaa 300
gtcagacaaa tcgctccagg gcaaactgga aagattgctg attataatta taaattacca 360
gatgatttta caggctgcgt tatagcttgg aattctaaca atcttgattc taaggttggt 420
ggtaattata attacctgta tagattgttt aggaagtcta atctcaaacc ttttgagaga 480
gatatttcaa ctgaaatcta tcaggccggt agcacacctt gtaatggtgt tgaaggtttt 540
aattgttact ttcctttaca atcatatggt ttccaaccca cttatggtgt tggttaccaa 600
ccatacagag tagtagtact ttcttttgaa cttctacatg caccagcaac tgtttgtgga 660
cctaaaaagt ctggatatat ccccgaggct cccagagacg gccaggccta tgtgagaaag 720
gacggagagt gggtgctgct gagcaccttt ctgggcggcg gcagcggcgg cggcagccac 780
catcaccatc atcactga 798
Claims (10)
1.免疫原,为免疫原甲或免疫原乙;
所述免疫原甲由蛋白质A和蛋白质B组成;
所述免疫原乙由蛋白质C和蛋白质D组成;
所述蛋白质A的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示;
所述蛋白质B的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示;
所述蛋白质C的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列1所示;
所述蛋白质D的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列4所示。
2.与免疫原相关的生物材料,为与免疫原甲相关的生物材料或与免疫原乙相关的生物材料;
所述与免疫原甲相关的生物材料由与蛋白质A相关的生物材料和与蛋白质B相关的生物材料组成;
所述与免疫原乙相关的生物材料由与蛋白质C相关的生物材料和与蛋白质D相关的生物材料组成;
所述与蛋白质A相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质A的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质A的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质A的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质A的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述与蛋白质B相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质B的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质B的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质B的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质B的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述与蛋白质C相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质C的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质C的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质C的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质C的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述与蛋白质D相关的生物材料为编码蛋白质D的核酸分子或含有编码蛋白质D的核酸分子的表达盒或含有编码蛋白质D的核酸分子的重组载体或含有编码蛋白质D的核酸分子的重组细胞;
所述蛋白质A的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示;
所述蛋白质B的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示;
所述蛋白质C的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列1所示;
所述蛋白质D的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列4所示。
3.根据权利要求2所述的生物材料,其特征在于:
编码蛋白质A的核酸分子如序列表中序列2第55-783位所示;
编码蛋白质B的核酸分子如序列表中序列5第55-798位所示;
编码蛋白质C的核酸分子如序列表中序列2所示;
编码蛋白质D的核酸分子如序列表中序列5所示。
4.一种免疫原的制备方法,包括制备蛋白质A和蛋白质B的步骤;
所述蛋白质A的制备方法包括如下步骤:将序列表中序列2所示的DNA分子插入表达载体,得到重组表达载体甲;将所述重组表达载体甲导入哺乳动物细胞并进行培养,收集上清液;从所述上清液中纯化得到蛋白质A;
所述蛋白质B的制备方法包括如下步骤:将序列表中序列5所示的DNA分子插入表达载体,得到重组表达载体乙;将所述重组表达载体乙导入哺乳动物细胞并进行培养,收集上清液;从所述上清液中纯化得到蛋白质B;
所述蛋白质A的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列3所示;
所述蛋白质B的氨基酸序列如序列表中序列6所示。
5.权利要求1所述的免疫原或权利要求2或3所述的生物材料或按照权利要求4所述方法制备得到的免疫原在如下X1)-X4)任一种中的应用:
X1)制备新冠病毒抗体;
X2)制备抗新冠病毒的产品;
X3)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒感染的产品;
X4)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒所致疾病的产品。
6.一种新冠病毒抗体的制备方法,包括如下步骤:采用权利要求1所述的免疫原
或按照权利要求4所述方法制备得到的免疫原免疫禽类动物,得到所述抗体。
7.按照权利要求6所述的方法制备得到的新冠病毒抗体。
8.权利要求7所述的新冠病毒抗体在如下Y1)-Y3)任一种中的应用:
Y1)制备抗新冠病毒的产品;
Y2)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒感染的产品;
Y3)制备预防和/或治疗新冠病毒所致疾病的产品。
9.一种抗新冠病毒的产品,其活性成分为权利要求7所述的新冠病毒抗体。
10.根据权利要求5或8所述的应用或权利要求9所述的产品,其特征在于:所述产品为鼻用制剂。
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CN114634556A (zh) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-06-17 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | 一种新冠病毒Delta和Omicron变异株嵌合抗原、其制备方法和应用 |
CN114634556B (zh) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-12-19 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | 一种新冠病毒Delta和Omicron变异株嵌合抗原、其制备方法和应用 |
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CN116987152B (zh) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-02 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | 一种结合沙贝冠状病毒s蛋白rbd结构域的环肽及其应用 |
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