CN113951183B - Method for breeding decapterus maruadsi parent fish - Google Patents
Method for breeding decapterus maruadsi parent fish Download PDFInfo
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 241000593501 Decapterus maruadsi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 77
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019514 herring Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001125048 Sardina Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000239370 Euphausia superba Species 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010634 clove oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000555825 Clupeidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012214 genetic breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a culture method of decapterus maruadsi parent fish, which relates to the technical field of aquaculture and comprises the following steps: parent source and selection, culture pond treatment, parent transportation, parent domestication, parent culture and daily management, wherein the parent culture comprises water temperature and illumination regulation, water ring regulation and feed feeding. The scheme can realize the industrial domestication and cultivation of the decapterus maruadsi parent, improves the domestication survival rate, the developmental maturity rate, the spawning rate, the fertility rate and the hatching rate of the decapterus maruadsi parent fish, improves the industrial cultivation of the decapterus maruadsi parent fish and brings a new high-added-value cultivated variety for the mariculture industry through the periodic regulation and control of the parent fish domestication, the cultivation water temperature, the illumination time and the like and the enrichment of reproductive nutrition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a parent fish breeding method, in particular to a decapterus maruadsi parent fish breeding method, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
The decapterus maruadsi is trachinoridis, decapterus maruadsi and decapterus maruadsi in the carangid, is a medium-upper layer long-distance migration fish in warm water, and is distributed in the southwest Pacific warm water areas of the east sea, the south sea and the country of Yangou. The fish meat is delicious, high in nutritional value, high in growth speed, strong in disease resistance and huge in market potential, is valuable fish with important economic value and genetic breeding value, is one of candidates for intensive culture in deep open sea in China, and occupies an important position in the deep blue fishery in the world. At present, the research on decapterus maruadsi at home and abroad is less, and the research on the aspects of decapterus maruadsi parent fish cultivation, fry breeding, healthy cultivation and the like is not found, so that the method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish is urgently needed to provide a method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish, the survival rate of parent fish cultivation and the reproductive control development and maturation rate are guaranteed through water ring control, high-quality fry is provided for industrialized intensive cultivation, and a new high-added-value cultivation variety is brought to the mariculture industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the method for cultivating the decapterus maruadsi parent fish comprises the following steps:
s1, parent source and selection
The parent is selected from decapterus maruadsi which is introduced after catching and temporarily culturing in the deep sea such as the Dalian and the like, the specification of parent fish is 3-5kg, healthy and harmless decapterus maruadsi with normal body shape is selected as the parent, and the introduction time is 1-3 months;
s2, treating the cultivation pond
Selecting a square corner plastering cement pond as a cultivation pond, wherein the area of the cement pond is 40 square meters, the depth of a water body is 2m, and the cultivation pond is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom inclines to the center by 5 percent; before parent fish is put in, 100ppm hydrogen peroxide is sprayed for disinfection;
s3, parent transportation
Transporting the parents by adopting a live fish cart, anaesthetizing the wild parents by using 15-20ppm clove oil, turning over the tripes, loading, and transporting for a long time after the parents revive;
s4, parent domestication
Feeding the parent into a breeding pond for temporary breeding for one day, wherein the feed comprises sardine, japanese herring and compound multivitamin in a weight ratio of 70 (29-29.5) to (0.5-1), and is fed every other day; feeding amount is 1-2% of fish body weight 15 days before entering the pool, and gradually increasing until the fish body weight is 3% after entering the pool 15 days; the initial water temperature of the culture pond is 16 ℃, and a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 800-1000Lux is adopted for illumination, and the illumination lasts for 9-10 hours/day; domesticating period is 1-2 months;
s5, parent cultivation
a. Regulating and controlling water temperature and illumination: the cultivation water temperature is changed rhythmically along with the change of the external seawater temperature within 5-11 months, the cultivation water temperature is 18-28 ℃, the illumination is 10-14 hours/day, the illumination time is prolonged along with the increase of the water temperature, and is shortened along with the decrease of the water temperature, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is gradually increased after being reduced at first from 12 months to 4 months in the next year, the cultivation water temperature is 16-18 ℃, the illumination is 10-12 hours/day, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is reduced to 23 ℃ and the natural spawning starts, the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is 20-23 ℃, the spawning stops gradually when the water temperature is reduced to below 19 ℃, the illumination time is 12 hours/day during the spawning period, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the parents enter an adjustment recovery period after spawning, the water temperature is gradually increased after being decreased, the temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened for 10-12 hours/day, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux;
b. water ring regulation: the cultivation salinity is 33-36 per mill, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and the content of NH4+ -N is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L;
c. feeding the feed: the feed is prepared by mixing sardine, japanese silver herring and compound multivitamin in a weight ratio of 70 (29-29.5) to 0.5-1, wherein the feeding amount is 3-4% of the weight of the fish body, and the feed is fed every other day; performing nutrition enhancement at 9 months every year, feeding the fresh euphausia superba, increasing the feeding amount to 4-5% of the weight of the fish body, feeding every other day, and continuing the nutrition enhancement until the egg laying is finished;
s6, daily management: and observing the ingestion condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day, adjusting in time, observing the growth and development conditions regularly, and establishing a culture log.
Furthermore, in the step S2, the cultivation pond is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, a temperature adjustment device, a light control device and an ultraviolet disinfection device.
Further, in the step S3, the transportation density is 40-60 tails/m 3 The water temperature for transportation is 16-18 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen of the water body is kept above 6 mg/L.
Furthermore, in the step S4, before the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool, the body surface of the parent is disinfected by 0.2ppm iodine solution, and after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool, the parent is disinfected by 100-300ppm hydrogen peroxide.
Furthermore, in the step S5, the female and male parent fish proportions are matched according to 1:1, and the cultivation density is 1-2 pieces per square meter.
Furthermore, in the step S5, the water ring regulation and control further comprises the steps of cleaning and changing water after half an hour of feeding every day, discharging residual baits and excrement, wherein the water change amount is 25% -40% of the total water volume every time; pouring Chi Huanshui once every two months, and sprinkling 100ppm hydrogen peroxide for disinfection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. according to the scheme, the emergency response of the parents is reduced by anaesthetizing the parents before transportation; 2. the parent fish breeding survival rate is improved through a parent fish feeding strategy and parent fish domestication; 3. the reproductive regulation and development maturity rate is improved through the periodical regulation and control of the culture water temperature, the spawning temperature, the illumination time and the like and the nutrition enhancement. The method realizes the industrial domestication and cultivation of the decapterus maruadsi parent, realizes the artificial breeding of the decapterus maruadsi, solves the key technology of the industrial cultivation of the decapterus maruadsi parent, provides high-quality seedlings for the industrial intensive cultivation of the decapterus maruadsi, and increases the economic benefit of cultivation.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example one
The invention relates to a method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish, which comprises the following steps:
s1, parent source and selection
The parent is selected from decapterus maruadsi which is introduced after catching and temporarily culturing in the deep sea such as the Dalian and the like, the specification of parent fish is 3kg, the decapterus maruadsi which is healthy and harmless and has normal body shape is selected as the parent, and the introduction time is 1 month;
s2, treating the cultivation pond
The cultivation pond is a square corner plastering cement pond with the area of 40 square meters and the depth of water body of 2m, and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom inclines to the center by 5 percent; before parent fish is put in, 100ppm hydrogen peroxide is sprayed for disinfection; the cultivation pool is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, a temperature adjusting device, a light control device and an ultraviolet disinfection device;
s3, parent transportation
Transporting the parents by adopting a live fish cart, anaesthetizing the wild parents by using 15-20ppm clove oil, turning over the tripes, loading, and transporting for a long time after the parents revive; the transport density is 60 tails/m 3 The temperature of the transport water is 16 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, parent domestication
Before the parent is transferred into the culture pond, disinfecting the body surface of the parent by using 0.2ppm iodine solution, and disinfecting by using 100-300ppm hydrogen peroxide after the parent is transferred into the culture pond; and (3) feeding the parents after the parents are transferred into a cultivation pond for temporary cultivation for one day, wherein the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 70:29:1 feeding mixed sardine, japanese silver herring and compound multivitamin at every other day; feeding amount is 1% of fish body weight 15 days before entering the pool, and the feeding amount gradually increases to 3% of fish body weight 15 days after entering the pool; the initial water temperature of the culture pond is 16 ℃, and a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 800-1000Lux is adopted for illumination, and the illumination lasts for 9-10 hours/day; domestication period is 2 months;
s5, parent cultivation
The female and male parent fish proportion is matched according to 1:1, and the cultivation density is 2 per square meter;
a. regulating and controlling water temperature and illumination: the cultivation water temperature changes with the external seawater temperature and rhythmically changes from 5 months to 11 months, the cultivation water temperature is 18-28 ℃, the illumination is 10-14 hours/day, the illumination time is prolonged along with the rise of the water temperature and shortened along with the fall of the water temperature, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is gradually increased after being reduced at first from 12 months to 4 months in the next year, the cultivation water temperature is 16-18 ℃, the illumination is 10-12 hours/day, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is reduced to 23 ℃ and the natural spawning starts, the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is 20-23 ℃, the spawning stops gradually when the water temperature is reduced to below 19 ℃, the illumination time is 12 hours/day during the spawning period, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the parents enter an adjustment recovery period after spawning, the water temperature is gradually increased after being decreased, the temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened for 10-12 hours/day, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux;
b. water ring regulation: the cultivation salinity is 33-36 per mill, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and the NH4+ -N content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L;
c. feeding the feed: the feed is fed according to the weight ratio of 70:29:1 mixed sardine, japanese silver herring and compound multivitamin, the feeding amount is 3 percent of the weight of the fish body, and the feeding is carried out every other day; performing nutrition enhancement at 9 months every year, feeding the chilled euphausia superba with the feeding amount of 4% of the weight of the fish body, feeding every other day, and continuing the nutrition enhancement until the spawning is finished;
s6, daily management: and observing the feeding condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day, adjusting in time, observing the growth and development conditions regularly, and establishing a culture log.
In the embodiment, 100 parent fishes are selected for intensive ripening cultivation, the transportation survival rate of the parent fishes can reach 99%, and the domestication survival rate reaches 95%; the mature rate of parent fish reaches 99%. Obviously promote the growth of parent fish, accelerate sexual maturity, improve the quality of sperm and egg, and improve the fertility rate and the hatchability.
Example two
The invention relates to a method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish, which comprises the following steps:
s1, parent origin and selection
The parent is selected from decapterus maruadsi which is introduced after catching and temporarily culturing in the deep sea such as the Dalian and the like, the specification of parent fish is 4kg, the decapterus maruadsi which is healthy and harmless and has normal body shape is selected as the parent, and the introduction time is 2 months;
s2, treating the cultivation pond
The cultivation pond is a square corner plastering cement pond with the area of 40 square meters and the depth of water body of 2m, and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom inclines to the center by 5 percent; before parent fish is put in, 100ppm hydrogen peroxide is sprayed for disinfection; the cultivation pool is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, a temperature adjusting device, a light control device and an ultraviolet disinfection device;
s3, parent transportation
Transporting the parents by adopting a live fish cart, anaesthetizing the wild parents by using 15-20ppm clove oil, turning over the tripes, loading, and transporting for a long time after the parents revive; the transport density is 50 tails/m 3 The temperature of the transport water is 17 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, parent domestication
Before the parent is transferred into the culture pond, disinfecting the body surface of the parent by using 0.2ppm iodine solution, and disinfecting by using 100-300ppm hydrogen peroxide after the parent is transferred into the culture pond; and (3) feeding the parents after transferring the parents into a culture pond for temporary culture for one day, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 29.5:0.5 mixed sardine, herring and compound multi-vitamin, and fed every other day; feeding amount is 1% of fish body weight 15 days before entering the pool, and the feeding amount gradually increases to 3% of fish body weight 15 days after entering the pool; the initial water temperature of the culture pond is 16 ℃, and a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 800-1000Lux is used for illumination for 9-10 hours/day; the acclimation period is 1.5 months;
s5, parent cultivation
The female and male parent fish proportion is matched according to 1:1, and the cultivation density is 2 per square meter;
a. regulating and controlling water temperature and illumination: the cultivation water temperature changes with the external seawater temperature and rhythmically changes from 5 months to 11 months, the cultivation water temperature is 18-28 ℃, the illumination is 10-14 hours/day, the illumination time is prolonged along with the rise of the water temperature and shortened along with the fall of the water temperature, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is gradually increased after being reduced at first from 12 months to 4 months in the next year, the cultivation water temperature is 16-18 ℃, the illumination is 10-12 hours/day, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is reduced to 23 ℃ and natural spawning begins, the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is 20-23 ℃, the spawning gradually stops when the water temperature is reduced to below 19 ℃, the illumination time is 12 hours/day during the spawning period, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the parents enter an adjustment recovery period after spawning, the water temperature is gradually increased after being decreased, the temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened for 10-12 hours/day, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux;
b. regulating and controlling a water ring: the cultivation salinity is 33-36 per mill, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and the content of NH4+ -N is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L;
c. feeding the feed: the feed is fed by the following components in a weight ratio of 70:29:1 mixed sardine, herring and compound multivitamin, the feeding amount is 4 percent of the weight of the fish body, and the feeding is carried out every other day; performing nutrition enhancement at 9 months every year, feeding the chilled euphausia superba with the feeding amount of 5% of the weight of the fish body, feeding every other day, and continuing the nutrition enhancement until the spawning is finished;
s6, daily management: and observing the feeding condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day, adjusting in time, observing the growth and development conditions regularly, and establishing a culture log.
In the embodiment, 110 parent fishes are selected for intensive ripening cultivation, the transportation survival rate of the parent fishes can reach 99%, and the domestication survival rate reaches 97%; the mature rate of parent fish reaches 100%. Obviously promote the growth of parent fish, accelerate sexual maturity, improve the quality of sperm and egg, and improve the fertility rate and the hatchability.
EXAMPLE III
The invention relates to a method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish, which comprises the following steps:
s1, parent source and selection
The parent is selected from decapterus maruadsi which is introduced after catching and temporarily culturing in the deep sea such as the Dalian and the like, the specification of parent fish is 5kg, the decapterus maruadsi which is healthy and harmless and has normal body shape is selected as the parent, and the introduction time is 3 months;
s2, treating the cultivation pond
The cultivation pond is a square corner plastering cement pond with the area of 40 square meters and the depth of water body of 2m, and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom inclines to the center by 5 percent; before parent fish is put in, 100ppm hydrogen peroxide is splashed for disinfection; the cultivation pool is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, a temperature adjusting device, a light control device and an ultraviolet disinfection device;
s3, parent transportation
Transporting the parents by adopting a live fish cart, anaesthetizing the wild parents by using 15-20ppm clove oil, turning over the tripes, loading, and transporting for a long time after the parents revive; the transport density is 60 tails/m 3 The transportation water temperature is 18 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, parent domestication
Before the parent is transferred into the culture pond, disinfecting the body surface of the parent by using 0.2ppm iodine solution, and disinfecting by using 100-300ppm hydrogen peroxide after the parent is transferred into the culture pond; and (3) feeding the parents after transferring the parents into a culture pond for temporary culture for one day, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 29.5:0.5 mixed sardine, herring and compound multi-vitamin, and fed every other day; feeding amount is 2% of fish body weight 15 days before entering the pool, and the feeding amount gradually increases to 3% of fish body weight 15 days after entering the pool; the initial water temperature of the culture pond is 16 ℃, and a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 800-1000Lux is adopted for illumination, and the illumination lasts for 9-10 hours/day; domesticating period is 1 month;
s5, parent cultivation
The female and male parent fish proportion is matched according to 1:1, and the cultivation density is 1 fish per square meter;
a. regulating and controlling water temperature and illumination: the cultivation water temperature changes with the external seawater temperature and rhythmically changes from 5 months to 11 months, the cultivation water temperature is 18-28 ℃, the illumination is 10-14 hours/day, the illumination time is prolonged along with the rise of the water temperature and shortened along with the fall of the water temperature, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is gradually increased after being reduced at first from 12 months to 4 months in the next year, the cultivation water temperature is 16-18 ℃, the illumination is 10-12 hours/day, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is reduced to 23 ℃ and the natural spawning starts, the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is 20-23 ℃, the spawning stops gradually when the water temperature is reduced to below 19 ℃, the illumination time is 12 hours/day during the spawning period, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the parents enter an adjustment recovery period after spawning, the water temperature is gradually increased after being decreased, the temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened for 10-12 hours/day, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux;
b. regulating and controlling a water ring: the cultivation salinity is 33-36 per mill, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and the content of NH4+ -N is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L;
c. feeding the feed: the feed is fed according to the weight ratio of 70:29.5:0.5 of mixed sardines, japanese silver herring and compound multivitamin, wherein the feeding amount is 4 percent of the weight of the fish body, and the feeding is carried out every other day; performing nutrition enhancement at 9 months every year, feeding the chilled euphausia superba with the feeding amount of 5% of the weight of the fish body, feeding every other day, and continuing the nutrition enhancement until the spawning is finished;
s6, daily management: and observing the ingestion condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day, adjusting in time, observing the growth and development conditions regularly, and establishing a culture log.
In the embodiment, 110 parent fishes are selected for intensive ripening cultivation, the transportation survival rate of the parent fishes can reach 99%, and the domestication survival rate can reach 98%; the mature rate of parent fish reaches 100%. Obviously promote the growth of parent fish, accelerate sexual maturity, improve the quality of sperm and egg, and improve the fertility rate and the hatchability.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, parent origin and selection
The parent is selected from decapterus maruadsi which is introduced after the decapterus maruadsi is caught and temporarily cultured in the great-lian open sea, the specification of parent fish is 3-5kg, the decapterus maruadsi which is healthy and has no damage and normal body shape is selected as the parent, and the introduction time is 1-3 months;
s2, treating the cultivation pond
Selecting a square corner plastering cement pond as a cultivation pond, wherein the area of the cement pond is 40 square meters, the depth of a water body is 2m, and the cultivation pond is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom inclines to the center by 5 percent; before parent fish is put in, 100ppm hydrogen peroxide is sprayed for disinfection;
s3, parent transportation
Transporting the parents by adopting a live fish cart, anaesthetizing the wild parents by using 15-20ppm clove oil, turning over the tripes, loading, and transporting for a long time after the parents revive;
s4, parent domestication
Feeding the parent into a breeding pond for temporary breeding for one day, wherein the feed comprises sardine, japanese herring and compound multivitamin in a weight ratio of 70 (29-29.5) to (0.5-1), and is fed every other day; feeding amount is 1-2% of fish body weight 15 days before entering the pool, and gradually increasing until the fish body weight is 3% after entering the pool 15 days; the initial water temperature of the culture pond is 16 ℃, and a fluorescent lamp with the illumination intensity of 800-1000Lux is adopted for illumination, and the illumination lasts for 9-10 hours/day; domesticating period is 1-2 months;
s5, parent cultivation
a. Regulating and controlling water temperature and illumination: the cultivation water temperature is changed rhythmically along with the change of the external seawater temperature within 5-11 months, the cultivation water temperature is 18-28 ℃, the illumination is 10-14 hours/day, the illumination time is prolonged along with the increase of the water temperature, and is shortened along with the decrease of the water temperature, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is gradually increased after being reduced at first from 12 months to 4 months in the next year, the cultivation water temperature is 16-18 ℃, the illumination is 10-12 hours/day, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the water temperature is reduced to 23 ℃ and the natural spawning starts, the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is 20-23 ℃, the spawning stops gradually when the water temperature is reduced to below 19 ℃, the illumination time is 12 hours/day during the spawning period, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux; the parents enter an adjustment recovery period after spawning, the water temperature is gradually increased after being decreased, the temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃, the illumination time is gradually prolonged after being shortened for 10-12 hours/day, and the illumination intensity is 800-1000Lux;
b. water ring regulation: the cultivation salinity is 33-36 per mill, the pH value is 7.5-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and the content of NH4+ -N is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L;
c. feeding the feed: the feed is prepared by mixing sardine, japanese silver herring and compound multivitamin in a weight ratio of 70 (29-29.5) to 0.5-1, wherein the feeding amount is 3-4% of the weight of the fish body, and the feed is fed every other day; performing nutrition enhancement at 9 months every year, feeding the fresh euphausia superba, increasing the feeding amount to 4-5% of the weight of the fish body, feeding every other day, and continuing the nutrition enhancement until the egg laying is finished;
s6, daily management: and observing the feeding condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day, adjusting in time, observing the growth and development conditions regularly, and establishing a culture log.
2. The method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the cultivation pond is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, a temperature adjusting device, a light control device and an ultraviolet disinfection device.
3. The method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the transportation density is 40-60 tails/m 3 The water temperature for transportation is 16-18 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L.
4. The method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, before the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool, the body surface of the parent is disinfected by 0.2ppm iodine solution, and after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool, the parent is disinfected by 100-300ppm hydrogen peroxide.
5. The method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the female and male parent fishes are matched according to the proportion of 1:1, and the cultivation density is 1-2 per square meter.
6. The method for cultivating decapterus maruadsi parent fish according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S5, the water ring regulation and control further comprises the steps of cleaning and changing water after feeding for half an hour every day, discharging residual baits and excrement, wherein the water changing amount is 25% -40% of the total water volume every time; pouring Chi Huanshui once every two months, and sprinkling 100ppm hydrogen peroxide for disinfection.
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