CN113945422B - Marine columnar mud sampler and mud sampling method - Google Patents
Marine columnar mud sampler and mud sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113945422B CN113945422B CN202111158155.4A CN202111158155A CN113945422B CN 113945422 B CN113945422 B CN 113945422B CN 202111158155 A CN202111158155 A CN 202111158155A CN 113945422 B CN113945422 B CN 113945422B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 228
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 57
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/12—Dippers; Dredgers
Abstract
The invention discloses a marine columnar mud sampler and a mud sampling method, which belong to the technical field of marine sampling equipment, and comprise the following steps: the device comprises a sampling frame, wherein a fixing plate is horizontally arranged in the middle of the sampling frame, an upper cover plate which is parallel to the fixing plate is arranged at the upper end of the sampling frame, a sampling column is arranged on the outer side of the sampling column in a spiral mode, threads are arranged around the outer side of the sampling column in a surrounding mode, a screw nut which is matched with the threads on the outer side of the sampling column is arranged between the fixing plate and the upper cover plate, the bottom end of the screw nut is connected with the fixing plate through a bearing, driven teeth are arranged on the outer side of the screw nut, a second motor is arranged on the fixing plate, driving teeth which are matched with the driven teeth are arranged at the end portion of the second motor, a working end portion of the sampling column is a working end, fins are hinged to the working end portion through a circular installation ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine sampling equipment, and particularly relates to a marine columnar mud sampler and a mud sampling method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The columnar mud sampler is a device for extracting sediment at the bottom of a water body in a columnar mode. The columnar mud sampler is an important sampling tool required for carrying out heavy underwater geological survey, the composition of each layer of sediment of the underwater and the accumulation distribution and conversion migration rules of chemical components can be further analyzed by observing and researching the collected columnar samples, and the community structure composition and distribution condition of underwater benthos can be observed.
However, at present, the marine columnar mud sampler enters the sampling pipe through a small hole at the bottom of the sampling pipe, the collection amount of the sample is small, the sample is sucked by utilizing the suction force of a piston in the process that the sample is lifted out of the sea, the small hole is not closed, if the sample is vibrated, the sample at the bottom is easy to break, and the sample at the bottom is easy to break out through the small hole, so that the subsequent testing and research work are influenced.
It should be noted that the foregoing description of the background art is only for the purpose of facilitating a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application and for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art. The above-described solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art simply because they are set forth in the background section of the present application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a marine columnar mud sampler and a mud sampling method, which have large collection amount, can not cause the falling of a sampling sample and ensure the integrity of the sampling sample.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows: a marine columnar dredger comprising:
the sampling frame is of a rectangular frame body structure, a fixed plate is horizontally arranged in the middle of the sampling frame, an upper cover plate which is arranged in parallel with the fixed plate is arranged at the upper end of the sampling frame,
the sampling column is in a cylindrical shape, the upper end and the lower end of the sampling column are communicated, threads are spirally and circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the sampling column, holes matched with the sampling column are formed in the upper cover plate and the fixed plate, a screw nut matched with the threads on the outer side of the sampling column is arranged between the fixed plate and the upper cover plate, the bottom end of the screw nut is connected with the fixed plate through a bearing, driven teeth are arranged on the outer side of the screw nut, a second motor is arranged on the fixed plate, driving teeth matched with the driven teeth are arranged at the end part of the second motor,
the bottom port of the sampling column is a working end, the working end is hinged with a fin through a circular mounting ring, the fin is arranged around the axis of the sampling column, the fin can swing up and down relative to the mounting ring, the inner wall of the sampling column is surrounded and provided with a straight slot parallel to the axis of the fin, the bottom end of the straight slot is communicated with the inner wall of the sampling column, the top end of the straight slot is communicated with the outer wall of the sampling column, the outer side of the upper end of the sampling column is provided with a bearing table connected with the sampling column, the bearing table is provided with a first motor, the end part of the first motor is provided with a drawing rope body, and the free end of the drawing rope body penetrates through the straight slot and is connected with the end part of the fin, which is close to the axis of the sampling column;
the end part of the working end is provided with an extended protruding part, the protruding part is a ring body with the same diameter as the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the sampling column, the outer side of the protruding part is provided with threads consistent with the outer wall of the sampling column, and the inner wall of the protruding part is circumferentially provided with an electromagnet for adsorbing fins;
the periphery of the upper end of the sampling frame is provided with an iron chain connected with a ship body crane.
The mode through the design sample frame comes to load specific sampling mud part, can be comparatively convenient like this through iron chain and sample frame connection, be convenient for lift by crane the sample frame, and compare in current sampling device's direct input, this case can realize driving simultaneously through the sample frame and adopt mud device to fall into the sample area, can keep the sample post in the in-process of falling in the sea water always be in the state of vertical downfalling, the problem that the current sample post declined in the sea water in-process appears the skew or upset, drive the sample post and fall into the sample area after, realize sample post bottom and to locate the sample area perpendicularly, afterwards drive screw nut's rotation through the work of second motor and master-slave drive gear, and then realize driving the spiral up-and-down motion of sample post, sample post spiral downward tunneling under this state, with reduce the sample resistance, compare in the mode of grafting sample, still can realize forming similar to bottom earth rotary cutting motion at the working end of sample post through the mode that sets up fin, help quick sample and improvement sample depth, the electro-magnet through the boss is to the fin in the in-process appearance inclination that the sample post falls into the sample area, the sample can be guaranteed to take out the fin through the fin down, the sample can not cause the sample well to take out the tip through the fin down through the control profile of leading to the fact the sample through the swing through the fin, and the sample well has guaranteed to reach the complete situation of leading to the sample through the sample well to the tip to be broken down.
According to one embodiment of the invention, four upright posts of a rectangular frame structure of a sampling frame are respectively sleeved with a sliding sleeve capable of sliding up and down, and the sides of the sliding sleeve are connected with a sinking and floating regulating and controlling assembly through connecting rods, wherein the sinking and floating regulating and controlling assembly comprises:
the sinking and floating base body is in a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the sinking and floating base body is hemispherical, the upper end of the sinking and floating base body is provided with an opening, the inside of the sinking and floating base body is provided with a cavity which is consistent with the appearance of the sinking and floating base body,
the water permeable plate is horizontally arranged in the sinking and floating matrix to separate the cavity in the sinking and floating matrix up and down, two sides of the hemispherical structure of the sinking and floating matrix at the bottom of the water permeable plate are respectively communicated with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe,
wherein, all be equipped with the hole of permeating water that separates the cavity about it intercommunication on the porous plate, porous plate upper end center department is connected with the pivot through the bearing, and the pivot tip stretches out the opening of the heavy float base member upper portion, and pivot side is encircleed and is set up the blade.
The method is characterized in that the sinking and floating regulation and control components are circumferentially distributed around the sampling frame to ensure the sinking and floating stability of the sampling frame in sea water, particularly after the sampling frame is completely overturned or excessively inclined, in particular, in the process that the sampling frame is downwards settled from the sea level, the provided sinking and floating matrix can slide along with a sliding sleeve on a numerical upright post of the sampling frame, the counter force caused by the downwards settlement of the sampling frame drives the sinking and floating matrix to slide towards the upper end of the sampling frame, in the process, the sinking and floating matrix around the sampling frame slides upwards, so that the stress around the sampling frame is ensured, in addition, the hemispherical structure arranged at the bottom of the sinking and floating matrix is beneficial to the fluid flowing from the surface of the hemispherical structure so as to weaken the resistance of a falling and floating body, the falling speed of the sampling frame is ensured, in the falling process of the sinking and floating matrix, the water body can enter into the interior of the sinking and floating matrix from the water inlet pipe, and upwards flow, in the upwards flowing process, the water permeable plates and the rotating shafts arranged in the sinking and the rotating shafts and the blades at the sides of the sinking and floating matrix are contacted with each other, so that the upwards flowing speed of the water body is reduced, the water flowing upwards flows towards the upper end of the sampling frame is stably, and the rotating shafts are also driven by the rotating shafts in the rotating shafts of the floating frames, so that the rotating shafts are stable in the rotating shafts and the floating frames;
after the sampling is completed, in the lifting process of the sampling frame by the lifting machine on the ship, the water body of the sampling frame enters the floating base body downwards in the lifting process and is discharged from the drain pipe through the downward flow of the water permeable plate, so that the upward movement speed of the sampling frame can be reduced through the water resistance in four directions, and particularly in the lifting moment of the sampling frame, the situation that the sampling sample in the sampling column is split or broken due to vibration caused by lifting impact force is avoided.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper end of the sampling column is provided with a sealing plug, the bottom of the sealing plug is inserted into the port at the upper part of the sampling column, the sealing plug axially penetrates through a drain pipe, one end part of the drain pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the sampling column, and the other end part of the drain pipe is connected with a drain valve. The shutoff is blocked and is avoided the excessive sample material to lead to the sample material to overflow from the sampling column upper end to be equipped with drain pipe and drain valve on the shutoff plug, be used for discharging the inside air and the water of sampling column, avoid internal pressure too big to lead to the sample difficulty, be favorable to obtaining the collection of covering water of deposit mud appearance and submarine surface moreover.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper surface of the fin is provided with a reinforcing block, the reinforcing block is of an angle iron structure, and the reinforcing block is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the fin.
The electromagnet is used for continuously adsorbing fins in the sampling process, the fins are kept in a vertical state to ensure soil sampling of different textures, the reinforcing blocks are arranged on the surfaces of the fins, the fins can be reinforced, so that under the condition that the collecting fins are folded, the downward gravity of sediment in the sampling column can be dispersed on the reinforcing blocks, the situation that the fins are too stressed to cause the fins to bend is avoided, the sample flows out of gaps between the fins, the sample and the retention of the sampling water body are guaranteed, particularly the water covering of a sediment mud sample and the sea bottom water surface in the sampling process is reserved, meanwhile, the soil sample passes through the reinforcing blocks on the surfaces of the fins in the sampling column rotary downward tunneling sampling process, the proper extrusion effect is achieved on the soil cylindrical side surface of the sample through the reinforcing blocks, excessive extrusion of the soil sample can be avoided by the reinforcing block pages according to extrusion force deformation, and the condition that the soil sample side surface is too loose is avoided, so that the distribution of soil sample components on the soil sample column side is not clear.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a storage battery is arranged below the bearing table, the storage battery is connected with the electromagnet through a wire penetrating through the straight groove, and a waterproof shell cover is arranged outside the storage battery and the first motor. The accumulator is simultaneously used for supplying power to the first motor. The mud sampler is provided with a singlechip for controlling all electrical parts, and the control technical principle of the singlechip is the prior art and is not repeated here.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer wall of the screw nut is connected with the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the fixing plate. For effecting a rotational downward or upward movement of the drive sampling column.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the fin is triangular, the triangular tip of the fin is an acute angle and is arranged close to the axis of the sampling column, the triangular bottom end of the fin is provided with a bulge matched with the mounting ring, the mounting ring penetrates through hole bodies penetrating through two sides of the bulge, the end part of the first motor is provided with a wire cylinder, the wire cylinder is wound with a drawing rope body, and the drawing rope body is connected with the triangular tip of the fin. The connection of the pull rope body at the end part of the fin can reduce the output power of the first motor and is also beneficial to the retraction of the fin.
The mud collecting method adopting the marine columnar mud collector comprises the following specific steps:
-lifting the marine columnar dredger onto the sampling water surface by means of a lifting device, and using a remote control to open the water inlet, so that the dredger slowly and stably descends to the water bottom until the tips of the fins are in contact with the water bottom sampling area;
-turning on the second motor by remote control to spin the sampling column while the spinning of the sampling column drives the fin to spin and tunneling the fin to the lower part of the sample area until the sampling depth is reached;
-operating the first motor again by remote control, tightening the pull rope body, and rotating the fins upwards along the fixed ends thereof, thereby sealing the bottom of the sampling column, and lifting the sampling frame away from the sampling area by the ship body crane, thereby completing the sampling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the concrete mud sampling component is loaded in a mode of designing the sampling frame, so that the concrete mud sampling component can be conveniently connected with the sampling frame through an iron chain, the sampling frame is convenient to hoist, and compared with the direct throwing of the existing sampling device, the mud sampling device can be synchronously driven to fall into a sampling area through the sampling frame, the sampling column can be kept in a vertical falling state all the time in the falling process of the sampling column in sea water, and the problem that the existing sampling column is inclined and deviated or overturned in the falling process of the sampling column in sea water is solved;
the sinking and floating regulation and control components are circumferentially distributed around the sampling frame to ensure the sinking and floating stability of the sampling frame in seawater, so that the sampling frame is prevented from overturning or tilting excessively, and particularly after the sampling is finished.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a marine columnar dredger;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample holder;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spiral lifting mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sampling column;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the working end of the sampling column;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sink-float control assembly;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the heave control assembly;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first motor and fin connection scheme;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a stiffener;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the fin and the stiffener;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the closure plug.
In the figure: 1. a sampling frame; 11. a connecting rod; 13. an upper cover plate; 2. a sampling column; 21. pulling the rope body; 22. a fin; 221. a reinforcing member; 23. a straight groove; 24. an electromagnet; 25. sealing the plug; 251. a drain pipe; 252. a drain valve; 26. a mounting ring; 27. a boss; 28. a working end; 29. a first motor; 291. a wire barrel; 292. a storage battery; 3. a sink-float control assembly; 31. a second motor; 322. driven teeth; 32. a water inlet pipe; 33. a drain pipe; 34. a water permeable plate; 341. a water permeable hole; 35. a rotating shaft; 351. a blade; 36. a lead screw nut; 37. a carrying platform; 311. a driving tooth; 38. a bearing; 39. and a fixing plate.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the attached drawings:
example 1:
referring to figures 1-3 and 5 of the drawings, a marine columnar mud sampler comprises:
the sampling frame 1, the sampling frame 1 is a rectangular frame body structure, a fixed plate 39 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the sampling frame 1, an upper cover plate 13 which is arranged in parallel with the fixed plate 39 is arranged at the upper end of the sampling frame 1,
the sampling column 2 is cylindrical, the upper end and the lower end of the sampling column 2 are communicated, threads are arranged on the outer side of the sampling column 2 in a spiral surrounding mode, holes which are arranged on the sampling column 2 are formed in the upper cover plate 13 and the fixed plate 39, a screw nut 36 which is arranged on the outer side of the sampling column 2 in a threaded mode is arranged between the fixed plate 39 and the upper cover plate 13, the bottom end of the screw nut 36 is connected with the fixed plate 39 through a bearing 38, driven teeth 322 are arranged on the outer side of the screw nut 36, a second motor 31 is arranged on the fixed plate 39, driving teeth 311 which are arranged on the end portion of the second motor 31 and are arranged on the driven teeth 322,
the bottom port of the sampling column 2 is a working end 28, the working end 28 is hinged with a fin 22 through a circular mounting ring 26, the fin 22 is arranged around the axis of the sampling column 2, the fin 22 can swing up and down relative to the mounting ring 26, a straight groove 23 parallel to the axis of the fin 2 is formed around the inner wall of the sampling column 2, the bottom end of the straight groove 23 is communicated with the inner wall of the sampling column 2, the top end of the straight groove 23 is communicated with the outer wall of the sampling column 2, a bearing table 37 connected with the straight groove 23 is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the sampling column 2, a first motor 29 is arranged on the bearing table 37, the end part of the first motor 29 is provided with a drawing rope body 21, and the free end of the drawing rope body 21 passes through the straight groove 23 and is connected with the end part of the fin 22, which is close to the axis of the sampling column 2;
the end part of the working end 28 is provided with an extended protruding part 27, the protruding part 27 is a circular ring body with the same diameter as the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the sampling column 2, the outer side of the protruding part 27 is provided with threads consistent with the outer wall of the sampling column 2, and the inner wall of the protruding part 27 is circumferentially provided with an electromagnet 24 for adsorbing the fins 22;
the periphery of the upper end of the sampling frame 1 is provided with an iron chain connected with a ship body crane.
The scheme loads concrete mud sampling components in a mode of designing the sampling frame 1, so that the concrete mud sampling components can be conveniently connected with the sampling frame 1 through an iron chain, the sampling frame 1 is convenient to hoist, compared with the prior sampling device which is put in directly, the scheme can realize that the mud sampling device is synchronously driven to fall into a sampling area through the sampling frame 1, can keep the sampling column in a vertical descending state in the sea water in the descending process, solves the problem that the prior sampling column is inclined and deviated or overturned in the sea water descending process, realizes that the bottom end of the sampling column 2 is vertically opposite to the sampling area after the sampling frame 1 drives the sampling column 2 to fall into the sampling area, then drives a screw nut 36 to rotate through the second motor 31 and the working of a master-slave gear, further realizes the spiral up-down motion of the sampling column 2, and under the state, the sampling column 2 is driven to be in a spiral downwards, compared with the mode of inserting sampling, the device can realize similar rotary cutting movement to bottom soil at the working end of the sampling column 2 by arranging the fins 22, thereby being beneficial to rapid sampling and improving sampling depth, the fins 22 can be ensured to keep a vertical downward state by the adsorption of the electromagnets 24 of the convex parts 27 to the fins 22 in the sampling process, the fins 22 are further placed to be damaged by the swing of the fins 22 caused by the soft sampling soil, and after the sampling depth is reached, the upward movement of the end part of the fins 22 is pulled by controlling the first motor 29 and the pulling rope body 29, the bottom of the sampling column 2 is further sealed by the fins 22, the sample is prevented from falling or scattering, the pulling rope body 29 is connected through the straight grooves 23 in a penetrating way, and the sampled sample is not damaged, the integrity of the sample is ensured.
Referring to the description, as shown in fig. 1-2 and 6-7, four upright posts of a rectangular frame structure of a sampling frame 1 are respectively sleeved with a sliding sleeve capable of sliding up and down, sides of the sliding sleeve are connected with a sinking and floating regulating component 3 through a connecting rod 11, and the sinking and floating regulating component 3 comprises:
the sinking and floating base body is in a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the sinking and floating base body is hemispherical, the upper end of the sinking and floating base body is provided with an opening, the inside of the sinking and floating base body is provided with a cavity which is consistent with the appearance of the sinking and floating base body,
the water permeable plate 34 is horizontally arranged in the sinking and floating matrix to separate the cavity in the sinking and floating matrix up and down, two sides of the hemispherical structure of the sinking and floating matrix at the bottom of the water permeable plate 34 are respectively communicated with a water inlet pipe 32 and a water outlet pipe 33,
wherein, all be equipped with the hole 341 that permeates water of its upper and lower partition cavity of intercommunication on the water permeable plate 34, water permeable plate 34 upper end center department is connected with pivot 35 through the bearing, and pivot 35 tip stretches out the opening of the heavy and floating base member upper portion, and pivot 35 side surrounds and sets up blade 351.
The method is characterized in that the sinking and floating stability of the sampling frame 1 in sea water is guaranteed by arranging the sinking and floating regulating components 3 around the sampling frame 1, the sampling frame 1 is prevented from overturning or tilting excessively, particularly after sampling is completed, in the process that the sampling frame 1 is settled downwards from the sea level, a set sinking and floating matrix can slide upwards along with a numerical column of the sampling frame along with a sliding sleeve, the counter force caused by the downward settlement of the sampling frame 1 drives the sinking and floating matrix to slide towards the upper end of the sampling frame 1, in the process, the sinking and floating matrix around the sampling frame 1 slides upwards, so that the surrounding stress of the sampling frame 1 is guaranteed, in addition, the hemispherical structure arranged at the bottom of the sinking and floating matrix is beneficial to the fluid flowing from the surface of the sampling frame 1 to weaken the falling speed of the sinking and floating matrix, the water inlet pipe 32 at the bottom of the sampling frame is opened, the water body can enter the inside the sinking and flow upwards from the water inlet pipe 32, in the upward flowing process, the water permeable plate 34 and the rotating shaft 35 and blades on the side of the sinking and floating matrix are contacted with each other in the upward flowing process, so that the water permeable plate 34 and the rotating shaft 35 and blades on the side of the rotating shaft 35 are contacted with each other in the upward flowing process, so that the water flowing upwards flow to the water flowing through the rotating shaft 351 can flow in the rotating direction of the sampling frame 1, so that the rotating and the rotating shaft 35 can stably and the rotating body is stable to form the rotating shaft of the rotating body;
after the sampling is completed, in the process of lifting the sampling frame 1 by the crane on the ship, the water body of the sampling frame 1 enters into the floating base body downwards in the upward movement process and is discharged from the drain pipe 33 through the downward flow of the water permeable plate 34, so that the upward movement speed of the sampling frame 1 can be reduced through the water resistance in four directions, and particularly, at the moment of lifting the sampling frame 1, the phenomenon that the sampling sample in the sampling column 2 is split or broken due to vibration caused by lifting impact force is avoided.
Referring to fig. 9 to 10 of the drawings, the upper surface of the fin 22 has a reinforcing block 221, the reinforcing block 221 is of angle iron structure, and the reinforcing block 221 is disposed at the center of the upper surface of the fin 22.
The electromagnet 24 continuously adsorbs the fins 22 in the sampling process, the fins 22 keep vertical state to ensure the soil sampling of different textures, the mode of arranging the reinforcing blocks 221 on the surfaces of the fins 22 can realize the reinforcing effect on the fins 22, so that under the completion of the collecting state of the fins 22, the downward gravity of sediment in the sampling column 2 can be dispersed on the reinforcing blocks and the situation that the fins are stressed too much to cause the bending of the fins to enable the samples to flow out from gaps between the fins is avoided, the retention of the sampling samples and the sampling water body is guaranteed, particularly the retention of water covering of sediment mud samples and the sea bottom water surface in the sampling process is guaranteed, meanwhile, the proper extrusion effect is realized on the soil column side of the sampling through the reinforcing blocks, the reinforcing blocks 221 can avoid the excessive extrusion of the soil samples according to the extrusion force deformation, and the situation that the soil column side is too loose to cause the unclear distribution of mud sample components on the soil column side of the sampling is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3-4 of the specification, a storage battery 292 is arranged below the bearing table 37, the storage battery 292 is connected with the electromagnet 24 through a wire passing through the straight groove, and a waterproof housing is arranged outside the storage battery 292 and the first motor 29. The battery 292 is simultaneously used to power the first motor 29. The mud sampler is provided with a singlechip for controlling all electrical parts, and the control technical principle of the singlechip is the prior art and is not repeated here.
The outer wall of the screw nut 36 is connected with the inner ring of the bearing 38, and the outer ring of the bearing 38 is fixedly connected with the fixing plate 39. For effecting a rotational downward or upward movement of the drive sampling column 2.
The mud collecting method adopting the marine columnar mud collector comprises the following specific steps:
lifting the marine columnar dredger to the sampled water surface by a lifting device, and opening the water inlet 32 by using a remote control so that the dredger slowly and stably descends to the water bottom until the tips of the fins 22 are in contact with the water bottom sampling area;
turning on the second motor 31 by remote control to make the sampling column 2 rotate, and at the same time, the rotation of the sampling column 2 drives the fin 22 to rotate and tunnel to the lower part of the sample area until reaching the sampling depth;
the first motor 29 is operated again by remote control, the pull rope body 21 is tightened, the fins 22 are rotated upwards along the fixed ends of the pull rope body, the bottom of the sampling column 2 is sealed, and the ship body crane lifts the sampling frame 1 away from the sampling area, so that sampling is completed.
Example 2:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: referring to fig. 9-10 of the specification, the fin 22 is triangular, the triangular tip of the fin 22 is an acute angle and is close to the axis of the sampling column 2, the triangular bottom end of the fin 22 is provided with a protrusion arranged with the mounting ring 26, the mounting ring 26 penetrates through holes on two sides of the protrusion, the end of the first motor 29 is provided with a wire cylinder 291, the wire cylinder 291 is wound with a drawing rope body 29, and the drawing rope body 29 is connected with the triangular tip of the fin 22. The connection of the pull rope 29 with the end of the fin 22 can reduce the output power of the first motor 29 and is also beneficial to the retraction of the fin 22.
Example 3:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: referring to fig. 4 and 11 of the specification, a sealing plug 25 is arranged at the upper end of the sampling column 2, the bottom of the sealing plug 25 is inserted into an upper port of the sampling column 2, a drain pipe 251 axially penetrates through the sealing plug 25, one end part of the drain pipe 251 is communicated with an inner cavity of the sampling column 2, and the other end part of the drain pipe 251 is connected with a drain valve 252. The sealing plug 25 prevents the excessive sampling materials from overflowing from the upper end part of the sampling column 2, and the sealing plug 25 is provided with a drain pipe 251 and a drain valve 252 for discharging air and water in the sampling column 2, so that sampling difficulty caused by excessive internal pressure is avoided, and the collection of the sediment mud sample and the water on the sea bottom surface is facilitated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (7)
1. A marine columnar dredger comprising:
the sampling frame (1), the sampling frame (1) is a rectangular frame body structure, a fixed plate (39) is horizontally arranged in the middle of the sampling frame (1), an upper cover plate (13) which is arranged in parallel with the fixed plate (39) is arranged at the upper end of the sampling frame (1),
the sampling column (2), sampling column (2) is cylindrical and the upper and lower ends of the sampling column are communicated, the outside of sampling column (2) is spirally and circumferentially provided with threads, holes matched with sampling column (2) are formed in the upper cover plate (13) and the fixing plate (39), a screw nut (36) matched with the threads on the outside of sampling column (2) is arranged between the fixing plate (39) and the upper cover plate (13), the bottom end of the screw nut (36) is connected with the fixing plate (39) through a bearing (38), driven teeth (322) are arranged on the outer side of the screw nut (36), a second motor (31) is arranged on the fixing plate (39), driving teeth (311) matched with the driven teeth (322) are arranged at the end part of the second motor (31),
the method is characterized in that: the bottom port of the sampling column (2) is a working end (28), the working end (28) is hinged with a fin (22) through a circular mounting ring (26), the fin (22) is arranged around the axis of the sampling column (2), the fin (22) can swing up and down relative to the mounting ring (26), a straight groove (23) parallel to the axis of the fin (22) is formed in the inner wall of the sampling column (2) in a surrounding manner, the bottom end of the straight groove (23) is communicated with the inner wall of the sampling column (2), the top end of the straight groove (23) is communicated with the outer wall of the sampling column (2), a bearing table (37) connected with the sampling column is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the sampling column (2), a first motor (29) is arranged on the bearing table (37), and the end part of the first motor (29) is provided with a drawing rope body (21) connected with the end part, which penetrates through the straight groove (23) and is close to the axis of the fin (22).
The end part of the working end (28) is provided with an extended protruding part (27), the protruding part (27) is a circular ring body with the same diameter as the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the sampling column (2), threads consistent with the outer wall of the sampling column (2) are arranged on the outer side of the protruding part (27), and electromagnets (24) for adsorbing the fins (22) are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the protruding part (27);
the four upright posts of the rectangular frame structure of the sampling frame (1) are respectively sleeved with a sliding sleeve capable of sliding up and down, the sides of the sliding sleeves are connected with a sinking and floating regulating and controlling component (3) through connecting rods (11), and the sinking and floating regulating and controlling component (3) comprises:
the sinking and floating substrate is of a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the sinking and floating substrate is hemispherical, the upper end of the sinking and floating substrate is provided with an opening, the interior of the sinking and floating substrate is provided with a cavity consistent with the appearance of the sinking and floating substrate,
the water permeable plate (34), the water permeable plate (34) is horizontally arranged in the sinking and floating matrix to separate the cavity in the sinking and floating matrix up and down, the two sides of the hemispherical structure of the sinking and floating matrix at the bottom of the water permeable plate (34) are respectively communicated with a water inlet pipe (32) and a water outlet pipe (33),
the water permeable plates (34) are respectively provided with water permeable holes (341) which are communicated with the upper and lower separation chambers of the water permeable plates, a rotating shaft (35) is connected to the center of the upper end of each water permeable plate (34) through a bearing, the end parts of the rotating shaft (35) extend out of the upper opening of the sinking and floating matrix, and blades (351) are arranged on the side of each rotating shaft (35) in a surrounding mode.
2. A marine columnar dredger as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a sampling column, including sampling column (2), shutoff stopper (25) have been disposed to sampling column (2) upper end, shutoff stopper (25) bottom grafting gets into sampling column (2) upper portion port, shutoff stopper (25) axial is run through has drain pipe (251), one end of drain pipe (251) with the inner chamber intercommunication of sampling column (2), another end connection of drain pipe (251) has drain valve (252).
3. A marine columnar dredger as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the upper surface of fin (22) has boss (221), boss (221) is angle bar structure, boss (221) set up the central point of fin (22) upper surface.
4. A marine columnar dredger as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a storage battery (292) is arranged below the bearing table (37), the storage battery (292) passes through the straight groove through a wire to be connected with the electromagnet (24), and a waterproof shell is arranged outside the storage battery (292) and the first motor (29).
5. The marine columnar dredger of claim 4 wherein: the outer wall of the screw nut (36) is connected with the inner ring of the bearing (38), and the outer ring of the bearing (38) is fixedly connected with the fixing plate (39).
6. The marine columnar dredger of claim 5 wherein: the fin (22) is triangular, the triangular tip of the fin (22) is an acute angle and is close to the axis of the sampling column (2), the triangular bottom end of the fin (22) is provided with a bulge which is matched with the mounting ring (26), the mounting ring (26) penetrates through holes which are formed in two sides of the bulge, the end of the first motor (29) is provided with a wire cylinder (291), the wire cylinder (291) is wound with a drawing rope body (29), and the drawing rope body (29) is connected with the triangular tip of the fin (22).
7. A method for collecting mud using a marine columnar mud collector as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by:
-lifting the marine cylindrical dredger onto the sampling water surface by means of a lifting device, opening the water inlet pipe (32) using a remote control, slowly and steadily lowering the dredger to the water bottom until the tips of the fins (22) are in contact with the water bottom sampling area;
-turning on the second motor (31) using a remote control to spin the sampling column (2), while the spinning of the sampling column (2) drives the fins (22) to spin and tunnel down the sample area until the sampling depth is reached;
-operating the first motor (29) again by remote control, tightening the pull string body (21) and rotating the fins (22) upwards along their fixed ends, thus closing the bottom of the sampling column (2), and lifting the sampling frame (1) away from the sampling area by the hull crane, completing the sampling.
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| CN117109972B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2024-03-26 | 广东海洋大学 | Device for simultaneously collecting marine sediment and seabed water sample |
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