JP4074865B2 - Sampling apparatus and sampling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sample collection device and a collection method for collecting a sample such as a liquid such as ground water, a sludge such as sludge, and a gel-like substance for water quality investigation, soil investigation, gel underground clogging investigation, and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a sample collection apparatus and a sample collection method for collecting a sample such as a liquid such as groundwater, a sludge such as sludge, and a gel-like substance at a predetermined depth using a hole excavated by boring.

  When sampling (sampling) samples of groundwater, sludge, gel-like substances, etc. at a predetermined depth using the borehole drilled, the sampler is lowered and sampled with a case outside the wire or sampler. As one of the methods, there is a method in which after reaching a predetermined depth, the sampler is opened for a predetermined time and a sampler is opened to collect a sample. There is also a method in which a sampler with a sampling port opened to a predetermined depth is lowered, and after reaching a predetermined depth, the sampling port is closed to collect a sample.

  The conventional technique will be described based on a specific example. The sample inlet of the outer shell case of the collector is closed with a weight body temporarily fixed to the outer shell case, and an arbitrary sample is collected in this state. There is one that opens the sample intake opening by releasing the temporary fixing of the weight body by applying an impact such as lowering the collector to the depth and suddenly stopping the lowering (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, an opening / closing mechanism mainly consisting of a hinged opening / closing lid is provided at the bottom of the sampling tube. Some closed (for example, Patent Document 2). Furthermore, two substantially semicircular elongate members are overlapped, and the open elongate member is inserted into the improved ground immediately after the completion of construction. When a predetermined depth is reached, the other elongate member is Some have taken a sample soil by rotating a long member around a central axis to form a long sampling member (for example, Patent Document 3).

  Also, the tubular body, which is a water sampling pipe, and the bottom cover are lowered to the sampling position at a predetermined depth with the rope as a guide, and then the lid with the water-swellable water stop valve is lowered with the rope as a guide. Some have closed the upper opening of a cylindrical main body (for example, patent document 4). Furthermore, when the water sampler is suspended and the outer tube assembly reaches the set position of the depth at which water should be sampled, the top plug, spear shaft, etc. are loaded with the weight in the axial direction to open the pipe tip. (For example, Patent Document 5).

However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 releases the temporary fixing by cutting the wire with an impact when the descent is suddenly stopped. For this reason, there is a possibility that a problem may occur in the reliability of the sampling operation such that the temporary fixing cannot be released well due to an impact when suddenly stopping, or the temporary fixing is released during the descent.
The techniques described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are suitable for collecting soil and are not techniques for collecting a sample at a deep position. That is, when attempting to collect a sample at a deep position, the opening / closing operation of the open / close lid and the rotating operation of the long sampling member in the closing direction are very difficult operations. Further, in the techniques of Patent Documents 2 and 3, when the sample is groundwater, sludge, gel material, etc., it is impossible to completely prevent the sample from falling off when the sample collection tube or the long collection member is pulled up. Will occur. That is, there is a problem in the reliability and reliability of sample collection, and there is a problem that accurate sample collection cannot be performed.

  The techniques described in Patent Documents 4 and 5 are suitable for groundwater sampling, and are not suitable for collecting sludge-containing sludge and gel-like substances. That is, since the opening is in the upper part or the like, there is a possibility that the sample does not flow into the sample case reliably when the sample is sludge or a gel-like substance. In other words, there arises a problem that it is impossible to collect a sample with high accuracy.

On the other hand, there has been a demand for the development of a sample collection device and a collection method that can collect samples reliably and reliably with a simple configuration even if the sample is sludge or gel-like substance. In particular, development of a sampling device and a sampling method that can be used even at deep positions has been desired.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-45458 JP 2002-322894 A JP 2002-61162 A Japanese Patent No. 3000458 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-161693

The present invention has been made based on the background described above, and achieves the following objects.
An object of the present invention is to provide a sample collection device and a sample collection method capable of reliably collecting a sample such as a liquid such as ground water, a sludge such as sludge, and a gel substance at a predetermined depth.

The present invention takes the following means in order to solve the above-described problems.
The sampling device of the present invention 1 is a sampling device for collecting a sample after excavation at a predetermined depth,
A sampler outer case that is inserted into the excavated hole and has an opening that allows the sample to flow into the outer periphery, and is provided in the sampler outer case so as to be movable up and down. A sampler that has an opening into which a sample flows, and a storage portion in which the sample that has flowed in is housed, and a closing member that is inserted in a lower portion of the outer case of the sampler and is detachable from the lower end of the sampler, A load applying means is provided which is movably provided in the outer case of the sampler and applies a load to an upper end portion of the sampler to engage the sampler with the closing member.

The sampling device of the present invention 2 is the present invention 1,
The sampler is characterized in that it is suspended by a wire and moves up and down in the outer case of the sampler.

The sampling apparatus of the present invention 3 is the present invention 2,
In the load applying means, a hammer portion detachably provided on the wire has a predetermined weight, and the engagement with the wire is released at a position where the hammer portion is lifted by the wire and falls. Sometimes, the other end of the sampler is hit, and a load is applied so that the sampler engages with the closing member.

The sampling apparatus of the present invention 4 is the present invention 1 to 3,
A sealing member for preventing the sample collected in the sampler from leaking out of the sampler is provided on at least one of the engaging surface of the closing member and the engaging surface of the sampler. It is characterized by that.

The sampling device of the fifth aspect of the present invention is the first to fourth aspects of the present invention,
The rod is characterized in that one or a plurality of the closing members can be inserted.

The sample collection device of the present invention 6 is the present invention 1 to 5,
The sample is characterized in that it contains at least one of a liquid, a mud and a gel substance.

The sampling method of the present invention 7 is a sampling method in the sampling device of the present invention 1,
Lowering the sampler outer case to a predetermined depth position, allowing the sample to flow into the sampler outer case through an opening of the sampler outer case, and lowering the sampler to a predetermined depth position within the sampler outer case. The sample is allowed to flow into the sampler from the opening of the sampler, and the load is applied to the sampler by the load applying unit from the upper end side, thereby engaging the lower end of the sampler and the closing member. The sample is stored in the sampler, and the sampler is raised to the ground and collected.

The sample collection device of the present invention has a simple configuration in which the sampler and the closing member are engaged with each other by the load of the slide hammer, and the reliability and reliability of sample collection can be improved. In addition, using the wire that suspends the sampler, a load is applied to the sampler from the upper end side, and the sampler and the closing member are engaged, simplifying the configuration, improving reliability, and ensuring It was possible to improve the performance.
In addition, since the seal member is provided on either the sampler engagement surface or the closure member engagement surface, the sample does not leak out of the sampler when the sampler is raised and collected, such as groundwater. It became suitable for collecting samples such as liquids, sludges such as sludge, and gel substances.

  In addition, since a plurality of closing members can be inserted into the rod, the sample can be collected continuously by raising and lowering only the sampler without lifting the rod. Working time was shortened and work efficiency was improved.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 is a cross-sectional view showing a sampling device 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. FIG. 4 and FIG. 4 are enlarged cross-sectional views enlarging the part C of FIG.

The sample collection device 1 of the present invention includes a sampler outer case 11, a sampler 30, a load applying means 40, a closing member 50, and the like.
A sampler outer case (hereinafter referred to as an outer case) 11 is screwed into and connected to a distal end portion (lower end portion) of a wireline rod main body (hereinafter referred to as a rod main body) 10. In this embodiment, the outer case 11 includes a first outer case 11a, a second outer case 11b, and a third outer case 11c. Note that one or a plurality of outer cases 11 may be connected depending on sample collection conditions (for example, depth position). The first outer case 11a, the second outer case 11b, and the third outer case 11c are made of a material such as steel or stainless steel (SUS). The first outer case 11a, the second outer case 11b, and the third outer case 11c are formed with a centralizer 15 for holding a sampler 30 to be described later at the center or substantially the center of the outer case 11.

  The closing member container 12 is screwed and connected to the lower end of the third outer case 11c. The closing member container 12 constitutes a part (lower end) of the outer case 11. The rod 5 includes a rod main body 10, an outer case 11, a closing member container 12, and the like.

  A blocking member (blocking plug) 50 is inserted in the inner peripheral portion of the blocking member container 12. A hole 12a is formed at the end of the closing member container 12 (lower end in FIG. 1). In this embodiment, the description has been made in the form in which the closing members 51 and 52 are inserted into the closing member container 12. However, the closing member container 12 is capable of loading one or more closing members 50. I just need it. The closing members 51 and 52 are plug engaging surfaces 51a and 52a having tapered ends on one side facing the sampler body 31, and are rubber plugs. The blocking members 51 and 52 have a part of the other end side made of wood, plastic or the like to improve the strength. A seal member 53 is provided on the plug engagement surfaces 51a and 52a. Further, tapered holes 51b and 52b are formed on the other end side of the closing members 51 and 52, and when the closing members 51 and 52 are stacked, they are engaged with the plug engaging surfaces 51a and 52a. Stacked and loaded in a positioned state.

  A sampler 30 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the rod 5 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the rod body 10 by a wire 25. The sampler 30 includes a sampler case 32, a lower receiving block 33, a sampler body 31, and the like. A cable head 20 having a wire swivel mechanism 21 is provided on the top of the sampler 30. The cable head 20 is supported by the wire 25. The cable head 20 includes an upper head body 22 and a lower head body 23 that is screwed and fixed to the upper head body 22. A tapered engagement hole portion 22 a is formed in the inner peripheral portion of the upper head body 22 and engages with the engagement shaft portion 25 a at the lower end of the wire 25. That is, when the engagement hole 22a of the upper head body 22 and the engagement shaft 25a of the wire 25 are engaged, the cable head 20, the sampler 30, the load applying means 40, etc. are suspended and supported by the wire 25. Is done.

  In the cable head 20, the large diameter portion 24 a of the slide rod 24 is supported by the lower head body 23 via the wire swivel mechanism 21. A shaft portion 24b of the slide rod 24 extends in the axial direction, and a slide hammer (hereinafter referred to as a hammer) 44 is fixed to the shaft portion 24b. That is, the male screw portion 24 c at the lower end of the shaft portion 24 b of the slide rod 24 is screwed into the female screw portion of the hammer 44 and fixed. An upper receiving block 43 is provided on the upper portion of the hammer 44 so as to be guided by the slide rod 24 and movable in the axial direction of the slide rod 24. In addition, a sampler head 41 is provided on the upper portion of the upper receiving block 43 through a spring member 42 so as to be guided by the shaft portion 24 b of the slide rod 24 and movable in the axial direction of the slide rod 24.

  A female screw portion 32a at one end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 1) of the sampler case 32 is screwed and fixed to the male screw portion at the lower portion of the sampler head 41. The threaded portion 33a of the lower receiving block 33 is screwed and fixed to the female threaded portion 32b of the other end portion (lower end portion in FIG. 1) of the sampler case 32. Further, a female thread portion 31a at one end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 1) of the sampler body 31 is screwed and fixed to the thread portion 33b of the lower receiving block 33. The sampler body 31 is open at the other end (the lower end side in FIG. 1), and has an opening 36 serving as an inlet for a sample such as a liquid such as groundwater, a sludge such as sludge, and a gel substance. Yes. The liquid here is a collective term for liquids such as ground water and hot spring water. The mud is a general term for sludge and sludge. The inside of the sampler body 31 serves as a storage portion for storing a sample such as a liquid such as ground water, a sludge such as sludge, and a gel substance. A mating surface 35 is formed. The female engagement surface 35 is engaged with the plug engagement surface 51 a on one side of the closing member 51 so that the sample accommodated in the sampler body 31 does not flow out or leak out of the sampler body 31. .

4 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 1, that is, a part of the female engagement surface 35 of the sampler body 31 and the plug engagement surface 51a (or plug engagement surface 52a) of the closing member 51 (or closing member 52). FIG.
A seal member 53 is attached to the plug engaging surface 51 a of the closing member 51. In addition, the female engagement surface 35 and the plug engagement surface 51a are formed with sawtooth engagement grooves having a triangular cross section, and are formed into surface shapes that are difficult to be detached once engaged.

A plurality (four in this embodiment) of drain holes 34 are formed on the upper side of the sampler body 31.
A plurality of (four in this embodiment) are formed at predetermined positions of the first outer case 11a, the second outer case 11b, and the third outer case 11c for each predetermined angle for centering the sampler 30. The centralizers 15 and 15 (four in this embodiment) are formed at predetermined positions in the axial direction. In this embodiment, it is formed on the other side (the lower end side in FIG. 1) of the outer cases 11a, 11b, and 11c. A plurality of openings 11d for allowing the sample to flow in are formed in the outer peripheral portion of the outer case 11c. The sample flows into the outer case 11 through the opening 11d of the outer case 11c. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the intermediate part in the axial direction of the outer case 11 c is deleted except for the four columnar parts. That is, the upper side and the lower side of the outer case 11c are connected only by a columnar part. This columnar part should just be provided in two or more places. By adopting such a shape, it is very easy for a liquid such as ground water, a sludge such as sludge, a gel substance, or the like to flow into the outer case 11. Similarly to the outer case 11c, the outer cases 11a and 11b may be formed such that an opening is formed in the middle in the axial direction and the upper side and the lower side are connected only by a columnar part.

  An upper receiving block 43 is provided below the sampler head 41 via a spring member 42. The upper receiving block 43 is also capable of moving in the axial direction of the slide rod 24 with the inner diameter portion guided by the shaft portion 24 a of the slide rod 24. The spring member 42 presses the sampler head 41, the sampler case 32, the sampler body 31 and the like toward the upper side in FIG. That is, the sampler head 41, the sampler case 32, the sampler body 31, and the like are supported by the spring member 42 so as to float with respect to the slide rod 24 and the hammer 44.

  By doing in this way, when the sampler 30 moves up and down by lifting and lowering operations such as winding and unwinding of the wire 25, it is possible to absorb impact force and vibration in the vertical direction (axial direction). Further, a load by the hammer 44, that is, an impact force (impact load) can be directly applied to the sampler body 31.

A method for collecting a sample by the sample collection device 1 will be described.
The first outer case 11a, the second outer case 11b, and the third outer portion are attached to the tip of the rod 5 having an inner diameter that allows the sampler 30 having a predetermined outer diameter to be lowered by the wire 25 into the hole excavated by boring. The case 11c and the closure member container 12 that are screwed in are lowered to a predetermined depth in the excavated hole. In the closing member container 12, the required number of closing members 50 (for example, two closing members 51 and 52 in this embodiment) are inserted. The outer case 11c is formed with a plurality of openings 11d having a shape in which the axial intermediate portions are connected only by a plurality of columnar portions (for example, four locations in this embodiment). That is, most of the outer periphery is open. Therefore, there is no problem for the sample such as sludge such as sludge and gel material to flow into the outer case 11 from the opening 11d.

  After the rods 5 such as the outer cases 11a, 11b, 11c and the closing member container 12 are installed at a predetermined depth, the rod screw portion on the ground surface is cut off. The sampler 30 suspended from the tip of the wire 25, the load applying means 40, etc. are lowered into the rod 5. The sampler 30 or the like suspended from the wire 25 descends to a predetermined depth position within the rod 5 and is set in the outer case 11. At this time, a sample such as a liquid such as ground water flowing in the outer case 11, a sludge such as sludge, or a gel-like substance flows into the sampler body 31 from the opening 36 at the lower end of the sampler body 31. I will do it.

  After the sampler body 31 is installed in the outer case 11, the loosening of the wire 25 is removed, and the wire 25 is pulled up by a predetermined distance (for example, 1 m) while being pulled by hand. . If it does in this way, the cable head 20, the slide rod 24, the hammer 44, etc. will fall, and the hammer 44 will strike the lower side receiving member 33, and an impact force (impact load) will be given. With this impact force, the female side engaging surface 35 of the sampler body 31 and the engaging surface 54 of the closing member 50 are engaged, and the sample in the sampler body 31 is accommodated and held. At this time, excess sample flows out of the sampler body 31 from the drain hole 34. By repeating this series of operations a predetermined number of times, the opening of the sampler body 31 can be reliably closed by the closing member 50.

  In this embodiment, it has been described that the wire is lifted and released by hand, but it goes without saying that a winding machine such as a winch may be used.

Thereafter, the wire 25 is wound up and the sampler 30 is collected. Thus, a sample such as a liquid such as ground water in the sampler 30, a sludge such as sludge, and a gel substance can be collected.
Further, since the closing member container 12 is loaded with a required quantity of a plurality of closing members 50 for closing the opening 36 of the sampler body 31, the rod body can be obtained by repeating the lifting and lowering operation of the sampler 30. 10. The sample can be continuously collected without pulling up the rod 5 such as the outer case 11. That is, it is possible to perform sampling continuously by simply changing the depth of the rod 5 such as the rod body 10 and the outer case 11 and repeatedly raising and lowering the sampler 30 at that depth.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, it cannot be overemphasized that it is not limited to description of this embodiment.
The sampler body 31 may be formed of a transparent member such as a transparent acrylic tube as necessary. If it does in this way, the condition which collected the sample can be visually observed through a transparent acrylic tube.
In addition, it has been explained that the sampler and the closing member are engaged by applying an impact force by a slide hammer to the sampler, but using the load by the weight of the sampler or the weight provided on the sampler and the sampler, The sampler and the closing member may be engaged with each other.
In addition, the present invention can be modified into various shapes without departing from the object and spirit of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling device of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sampling device 5 ... Rod 10 ... Wireline rod main body 11 ... Sampler outer case 12 ... Closure member container 20 ... Cable head 24 ... Slide rod 25 ... Wire 30 ... Sampler 31 ... Sampler body 34 ... Lower receiving member 44 ... Slide hammer 50 ... blocking member 53 ... sealing member

Claims (7)

A sampling device for collecting a sample after excavation at a predetermined depth,
A sampler outer case inserted into the excavated hole and formed with an opening on the outer periphery through which the sample can flow;
A sampler provided inside the sampler outer case so as to be movable up and down, and having one end portion as an opening into which the sample flows, and an inside portion in which the flowing sample is accommodated.
A closing member that is inserted in a lower portion of the outer case of the sampler and is detachable from a lower end of the sampler;
A sample collection device, comprising: a load applying means that is movably provided in the outer case of the sampler and applies a load to the sampler from an upper end side to engage the sampler with the closing member. The sampling device according to claim 1, wherein
The sampler, wherein the sampler is suspended by a wire and moves up and down in the outer case of the sampler. A sampling device according to claim 2,
In the load applying means, a hammer portion detachably provided on the wire has a predetermined weight, and the engagement with the wire is released at a position where the hammer portion is lifted by the wire and falls. Sometimes the sampler strikes the upper end of the sampler and applies a load so that the sampler engages with the closing member. A sample collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A sealing member for preventing the sample collected in the sampler from leaking out of the sampler is provided on at least one of the engaging surface of the closing member and the engaging surface of the sampler. A sampling device characterized by that. A sample collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The sampler outer case is formed so that one or a plurality of the closing members can be inserted. A sample collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The sample collection apparatus characterized in that the sample contains at least one of a liquid, a mud and a gel substance. A sampling method in the sampling device according to claim 1,
Lower the sampler outer case to a predetermined depth position,
The sample is allowed to flow into the sampler outer case from an opening of the sampler outer case,
Lowering the sampler to a predetermined depth position in the outer case of the sampler;
Let the sample flow into the sampler from the opening of the sampler,
By applying a load from the upper end side to the sampler by the load applying means, the lower end of the sampler and the closing member are engaged, and the sample is accommodated in the sampler,
A sampling method for collecting the sampler by raising it to the ground.

Images