JP5165666B2 - Columnar sampling method and sampling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a columnar sample collection method and collection apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique suitable for use in collecting a columnar sample of a bottom sediment.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a conventional columnar sampling device that collects sediment on the bottom of the water can be opened and closed by horizontal rotational movement at the lower end of a mud sampling tube 102 that accommodates the sediment sample. A mud collector body 101 is configured by attaching a stopper valve 110 and a rotating cylinder 103 that operates the stopper valve 110 by a spring and attaching a weight fixing cylinder 104 to the upper part, and the mud collector body 101 is lifted and lowered. A movable frame 105 to which a wire 106 is connected is attached to the weight fixing cylinder 104 so as to be movable up and down. The movable frame 105 abuts the weight fixing cylinder 104 at the upper limit position of the movable frame 105 and the movable frame 105 after the bottom is fixed. A stopper 108 fitted and fixed to the coupler 107 by its own weight drop is attached. Connecting the locking pin to open the par valve 110, and there is obtained by the main support frame 109 for supporting the the bottom sampler body 101 provided vertically movable (patent document 1). The stopper valve 110 of the columnar sampling device has a number of anti-crescent-shaped valves 111 attached to the rotating rod 114 through holes provided in the arms 113 connected to the center rod 112, respectively. Each center rod 112 is attached to be rotatable. Then, in a state where a large number of valves 111 are opened (FIG. 8A), the mud collector main body 101 is made to penetrate into the sediment on the bottom of the water, and a sediment sample is taken into the mud sampling tube 102, and then a large number of valves 111 are taken. Is closed ((B)), the sediment sample is confined in the mud collecting tube 102, the movable frame 105 is raised by the wire 106, and the mud collector main body 101 is pulled up to collect the deposit sample.

JP 61-79134

  However, in the columnar sampling device of Patent Document 1, although the deposit sample taken into the mud collecting tube 102 can be prevented from falling when the mud collector main body 101 is pulled up, the fall prevention using the stopper valve 110 is prevented. This mechanism is complicated, and there is a risk that malfunctions may occur, and the cost of the apparatus increases. For this reason, it is hard to say that it is general purpose.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a columnar sample collection method and collection apparatus that can achieve the prevention of the fall of the sediment sample taken in by a simple mechanism.

  In order to achieve such an object, the columnar sampling method according to claim 1 includes a main body, a penetrating taper portion having an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than that of the main body, and an outer diameter of the penetrating taper portion. A cylindrical sample-collecting tube having a linear member-holding taper portion that is inclined so that the diameter gradually decreases, and a linear shape so as to surround the opening on the linear-member-holding taper portion side of the sample-collecting tube A linear member having a cutting part detachably fitted in an annular linear member holding groove formed on an inclined surface constituting the member holding taper part, and a lead part connected to the cutting part, and a penetrating taper part And a columnar sampling device including a linear member conduit that is provided over at least a portion of the main body and through which the cutting portion and the lead portion of the linear member can pass, and a blocking member that blocks the upper end opening of the sampling tube. Penetrate into things The step of cutting the sample of the deposit collected inside the sampling tube and the external deposit at the lower end opening of the sampling tube by pulling the linear member, and the upper end opening of the sampling tube being a blocking member And the step of drawing the columnar sampling device from the deposit while preventing the lower space of the sampling tube from becoming negative pressure by circulating environmental water or air through the linear member conduit. ing.

  Further, the columnar sampling apparatus according to claim 2 is configured such that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than the main body, the tapered portion for penetration that forms an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than the main body, and the tapered portion for penetration. A cylindrical sample collection tube in which a linear member holding taper portion having an inclined surface is successively connected, and a linear member holding taper portion surrounding the opening on the linear member holding taper side of the sample collection tube At least one of a linear member having a cutting portion that is detachably fitted in an annular linear member holding groove formed on an inclined surface constituting the wire, a lead portion connected to the cutting portion, a taper portion for penetration, and a main body. And a linear member conduit that can pass through the cutting portion of the linear member and the lead portion, and a blocking member that closes the upper end opening of the sampling tube.

  Therefore, according to these columnar sampling methods and sampling apparatuses, the deposit sample collected inside the sampling tube and the external deposit are mainly cut by the action of the linear member, and the upper end opening of the sampling tube is opened. Since it is blocked by the blocking member and the negative space in the sampling tube is prevented from being negative pressure by the action of the linear member conduit, the deposit sample collected inside the sampling tube The return at the time of pulling out and falling off after pulling out are prevented.

  According to the columnar sampling method and the sampling apparatus of the present invention, a simple mechanism prevents the deposit sample collected inside the sampling tube from returning when the sampling tube is pulled out and falling off after being pulled out. It is possible to improve versatility.

It is a longitudinal section showing an example of an embodiment of a columnar sampling device of the present invention. It is an expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the front-end | tip part of the sampling tube of the columnar sampling apparatus of embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining an example of embodiment of the columnar sample sampling method of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the function of the linear member in the state which sampled the inside of the columnar sample sampling device in embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the state to which the obstruction | occlusion member was attached after cut | disconnecting the sample inside a columnar sample sampling device and the external deposit in embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the condition at the time of pulling out an apparatus from the sediment of a water bottom in the columnar sampling method using the columnar sampling apparatus of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the whole structure of the conventional columnar sampling apparatus. It is a top view explaining the stopper valve of the conventional columnar sampling device. (A) is a figure of the state which opened the valve. (B) is the figure of the state which closed the valve.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on an example of an embodiment shown in the drawings.

  FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows an example of embodiment of the columnar sampling apparatus of this invention. The columnar sampling device 1 has a main body 2a and a penetrating taper portion 2b that forms an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than that of the main body 2a, and an outer diameter that is gradually smaller than that of the penetrating taper portion 2b. A linear sample holding tube 2 in which a linear member holding tapered portion 2c forming an inclined surface is connected in order, and the linear member holding so as to surround an opening of the sample collecting tube 2 on the linear member holding tapered portion 2c side. A linear member 3 having a cutting portion 3a detachably fitted in an annular linear member holding groove 2d formed on an inclined surface constituting the tapered portion 2c, and a lead portion 3b connected to the cutting portion 3a; A linear member conduit 4 provided between the penetrating taper portion 2b and at least a part of the main body 2a through which the cutting portion 3a and the lead portion 3b of the linear member 3 can pass, and an upper end opening 2f of the sampling tube 2 are provided. Closing member 5 for closing Equipped with a.

  Here, the axial direction of the cylindrical main body 2a of the sampling tube 2 is defined as the axial direction in the following description. Further, the vertical and lateral directions are defined based on the posture when the columnar sample collecting device 1 is inserted into the sediment on the bottom of the water and the sample of the deposit is collected.

  The sampling tube 2 having a cylindrical shape as a whole has a main body 2a on the upper end side, a penetrating taper portion 2b on the lower side, and a taper portion 2c for holding a linear member. And it has the cylindrical hollow part 2e enclosed by the smooth inner peripheral surface of a surrounding wall inside.

  A penetrating taper portion 2b having an outer peripheral surface formed as an inclined surface that is connected from the lower end of the cylindrical main body 2a and has a smaller outer peripheral diameter at the lower end than an outer peripheral diameter at the upper end is formed.

  Further, a linear member holding taper portion 2c is formed which is connected from the lower end of the penetrating taper portion 2b and has an outer peripheral surface formed as an inclined surface in which the outer peripheral diameter of the lower end is smaller than the outer peripheral diameter of the upper end. Is done.

  The angle α formed by the inclination of the linear member holding tapered portion 2c, in other words, the inner peripheral surface of the sampling tube 2 and the inclined surface of the linear member holding tapered portion 2c is larger than 45 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees. (FIG. 2). The size of the angle α and the depth of the linear member holding groove 2d (the combination thereof) is a range in which the external force inward of the linear member holding taper portion 2c is constant in the cut portion 3a of the linear member 3. In this case, the cutting portion 3a stays in the linear member holding groove 2d, but when the size is larger than a certain size, the cutting portion 3a is adjusted so as to be detached from the linear member holding groove 2d.

  In addition, the extent that the outer diameter gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end of the penetrating taper portion 2b is slower than the extent that the outer diameter decreases gradually from the upper end to the lower end of the linear member holding taper portion 2c. It is.

  For the cylindrical sampling tube 2, an annular linear member holding groove 2d is formed on an inclined surface constituting the linear member holding tapered portion 2c corresponding to the lower end surface of the peripheral wall. That is, the linear member holding groove 2 d is formed so as to surround the opening at the lower end of the sampling tube 2.

  The linear member 3 has a cutting part 3a and a lead part 3b connected to the cutting part 3a. In the present embodiment, the cutting portion 3a is formed in an annular shape having a size just fitted in the linear member holding groove 2d, and the lower end of the lead portion 3b is connected at one point of the ring. The linear member 3 is not limited to a specific material as long as it is a flexible member. For example, a piano wire or nylon (registered trademark) string may be used. In the present embodiment, the grip 3c is attached to the upper end of the lead portion 3b so that the linear member 3 can be easily operated.

  Then, the linear member holding tapered portion 2c, the linear member holding groove 2d, and the linear member 3 are configured as described above, so that the deposit when the columnar sampling device 1 is inserted into the sediment on the bottom of the water. Since the linear member holding groove 2d works to support the cutting portion 3a that receives the external force against the upward external force that acts on the cutting portion 3a by being pressed against the cutting portion 3a, the cutting portion 3a becomes the linear member holding groove. On the other hand, a linear member that works on the cutting portion 3a (at a place other than the connection point between the cutting portion 3a and the lead portion 3b) by pulling the cutting portion 3a through the lead portion 3b The linear member holding groove 2d can exert a supporting force only within a certain range against the external force inward of the holding taper portion 2c. Therefore, when the external force increases, the cutting portion 3a receiving the external force holds the linear member. It deviates from the groove 2d.

  Further, the penetration taper portion 2b is a hollow portion of the sampling tube 2 without cutting the deposit around the device 1 and disturbing the state of the deposit when penetrating the columnar sample collection device 1 into the deposit on the bottom of the water. 2e plays the role of collecting sediment samples.

  The sampling tube 2 is formed to have a length and a diameter in the axial direction that are required in consideration of the sampling conditions. For example, it may be considered that the length in the axial direction is about 100 to 200 [cm] and the diameter is about 5 to 10 [cm].

  In the present embodiment, the linear member conduit 4 is constituted by a pipe attached in the axial direction to the outer peripheral surface of the main body 2a of the sampling tube 2 and the taper portion 2b for penetration. In this embodiment, the linear member conduit 4 has the lower end opening aligned with the lower end of the penetrating taper portion 2b (that is, the upper end of the linear member holding taper portion 2c) and the upper end opening is the sampling tube. 2 so as to be positioned above the upper end of 2.

  The linear member conduit 4 allows the lead portion 3b of the linear member 3 to pass through and allows the cut portion 3a that is folded by pulling one point of the ring when the lead portion 3b is pulled (in other words, to pass through). And two linear members 3 are allowed to pass through at the same time).

  In the present embodiment, a radial groove 2f for fitting and passing the linear member 3 through the shortest path from the lower end opening position of the linear member conduit 4 to the linear member holding groove 2d is formed. Is done.

  With the configuration of the linear member 3 and the linear member conduit 4 described above, the lead portion 3b is pulled by pulling up the grip 3c of the linear member 3, whereby the cutting portion 3a is connected at the connection point with the lead portion 3b. Pulled laterally. Then, the cutting portion 3a pulled in the lateral direction is detached from the linear member holding groove 2d and gradually pulled into the linear member conduit 4 while gradually reducing the size of the ring so as to be folded.

  The closing member 5 is used to close the upper end opening (that is, the upper end opening of the main body 2a) 2f of the sampling tube 2 in a watertight state. Specifically, for example, a rubber plug or the like is used.

  Subsequently, the columnar sample collecting method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 3, this columnar sample collecting method includes a main body 2a, a penetrating taper portion 2b having an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than that of the main body 2a, and an outer diameter of the penetrating taper portion 2b. A cylindrical sample collection tube 2 in which a linear member holding tapered portion 2c having an inclined surface is formed in order so as to gradually decrease, and an opening on the linear member holding tapered portion 2c side of the sample collection tube 2 is surrounded. As described above, the linear member holding tapered portion 2c has a cutting portion 3a that is detachably fitted in an annular linear member holding groove 2d formed on the inclined surface, and a lead portion 3b that is connected to the cutting portion 3a. A linear member 3, a linear member conduit 4 provided through the tapered portion 2 b for penetration and at least a part of the main body 2 a, through which the cutting portion 3 a and the lead portion 3 b of the linear member 3 can pass, and a sampling tube 2 top opening 2f A step (S1) of penetrating the columnar sampling device 1 including the closing member 5 to be closed into the deposit 10, and the sample 10a of the deposit 10 collected inside the sampling tube 2 and the external deposit 10 are linear. The step of pulling the member 3 and cutting at the lower end opening of the sampling tube 2 (S2), the step of closing the upper end opening 2f of the sampling tube 2 with the closing member 5 (S3), and the environment through the linear member conduit 4 There is a step (S4) of drawing the columnar sampling device 1 from the deposit 10 while preventing the negative space in the lower space 12 of the sampling tube 2 from flowing through the water 11 or the atmosphere.

  Specifically, in carrying out the columnar sampling method of the present invention, first, a columnar sampling device is inserted into the sediment on the bottom of the water (S1).

  In the columnar sample collection device 1, the blocking member 5 is removed in advance, the upper end opening 2f of the sample collection tube 2 is opened, and the cutting portion 3a of the linear member 3 is fitted into the linear member holding groove 2d. In addition, the lead portion 3b is prepared so as to pass through the linear member conduit 4 and be accommodated. In the present embodiment, a grip 3c is attached to the upper end of the lead portion 3b protruding from the upper end opening of the linear member conduit 4.

  When there is a possibility that the cut portion 3a may come off from the linear member holding groove 2d, the cut portion 3a fitted in the linear member holding groove 2d is pulled through the lead portion 3b. In some cases, for example, it may be stopped with an adhesive tape to such an extent that it comes off.

  Then, the columnar sampling device 1 prepared in the above-described state is inserted into the deposit 10. At this time, the deposit sample 10a is collected in the hollow portion 2e of the sample collection pipe 2 without cutting the deposit 10 around the apparatus 1 and disturbing the state of the deposit 10 by the action of the taper portion 2b for penetration. Is done. Note that the depth of penetration of the bottom of the columnar sampling device 1 into the sediment is appropriately set to a required depth based on the sampling conditions.

  Next, the deposit sample collected inside the sampling tube and the external deposit are cut at the lower end opening of the sampling tube using a linear member (S2).

  Specifically, after the columnar sampling device 1 has penetrated the deposit 10 to a predetermined depth, the lead portion 3b is pulled by pulling up the grip 3c of the linear member 3, thereby connecting the lead portion 3b. The cutting part 3a is pulled in the lateral direction with the action point as the point of action. Then, the cutting portion 3 a is removed from the linear member holding groove 2 d and gradually drawn into the linear member conduit 4.

  As a result, the cutting portion 3a is gradually drawn into the linear member conduit 4, and the ring of the cutting portion 3a is gradually drawn toward the linear member conduit 4, while the size of the ring is gradually reduced, and the sampling tube 2 At the lower end opening (that is, the lower end opening surface), the deposit sample 10a collected in the hollow portion 2e and the external deposit 10 are cut (FIG. 4). The linear member 3 is completely pulled out from the linear member conduit 4.

  Next, the upper end opening of the sampling tube is closed with a closing member (S3).

  In the present invention, the sample 10a is returned when the columnar sampling device 1 that has once penetrated into the deposit 10 and the sediment sample 10a is taken into the hollow portion 2e of the sampling tube 2 is extracted, and the sample 10a after extraction is extracted. The upper end opening 2 f of the sampling tube 2 is closed with a closing member 5 in order to prevent the dropout.

  At this time, when the hollow portion 2e of the sampling tube 2 after the processing of S2 is not completely filled with the deposit sample 10a, the portion of the hollow portion 2e where the deposit sample 10a does not enter Is filled with water above the deposit 10 (in other words, water around the columnar sampling device 1; hereinafter referred to as environmental water).

  In the state where the columnar sampling device 1 is inserted into the deposit 10 in the processing of S1, the upper end opening 2f of the sampling tube 2 is submerged in the environmental water 11, the state after the processing of S2. Since the upper part of the deposit sample 10a in the hollow portion 2e is filled with the environmental water 11, no special treatment is required.

  On the other hand, in the process of S1, when the upper end opening 2f of the sampling tube 2 protrudes from the water surface of the environmental water 11, the upper part of the deposit sample 10a in the hollow part 2e becomes a cavity as a state after the process of S2. Therefore, the environmental water 11 around the columnar sampling device 1 is drawn and poured into the hollow portion 2e so that the upper portion of the deposit sample 10a in the hollow portion 2e is filled with the environmental water 11.

  Then, with the hollow portion 2e of the sampling tube 2 filled with the sediment sample 10a and the environmental water 11, the closing member 5 is fitted to close the upper end opening 2f in a watertight state (FIG. 5). .

  Next, the columnar sampling device is pulled out from the deposit (S4).

  When the columnar sample collecting device 1 is to be pulled out from the deposit 10, the lower surface of the deposit sample 10a and the cut surface of the deposit 10 formed by cutting by the cutting portion 3a in the processing of S2 and the cutting by the tapered portion 2b for penetration are used. A space surrounded by the cut surface around the formed device 1 (hereinafter, the sampling tube lower space 12) can be negative pressure. And when the sample collection pipe lower space 12 becomes a negative pressure, the deposit sample 10a taken into the hollow portion 2e of the sample collection pipe 2 returns when the sample collection pipe is pulled out or falls out after being pulled out. There is a fear.

  In the present invention, the sampling tube lower space 12 is formed by the linear member pipe 4 in which the lower end opening is exposed to the sampling tube lower space 12 and the upper end opening is exposed to the upper space of the columnar sampling device 1. And the upper space of the device 1 communicate with each other. Therefore, in the present invention, when the columnar sampling device 1 is pulled out from the deposit 10, if the upper end opening of the linear member pipe 4 is in the environmental water 11, the environmental water 11 is in the sampling tube lower space 12. Inflow (FIG. 6), when the upper end opening of the linear member conduit 4 protrudes from the water surface of the environmental water 11, the atmosphere flows into the space 12 below the sampling tube. Therefore, the sampling tube lower space 12 does not become negative pressure.

  Further, in the present invention, the hollow portion 2e of the sampling tube 2 is filled with the deposit sample 10a and the environmental water 11, and the upper end opening 2f is closed with the closing member 5, and the hollow portion 2e is in a filled state. At the same time, since the upper end opening 2f is not opened, the sample 10a in the hollow portion 2e is prevented from dropping. That is, according to the present invention, the upper end opening 2f of the sampling tube 2 is closed (in other words, using the generation of negative pressure in the hollow portion 2e) to prevent the deposit sample 10a in the hollow portion 2e from dropping. Further, by preventing the generation of negative pressure in the lower space 12 of the sampling tube, it is possible to prevent the deposit sample 10a from being pulled out of the hollow portion 2e and to be prevented from falling after being pulled out. A mechanism to prevent heavy fall is functioning.

  In the present embodiment, the upper end opening of the linear member conduit 4 is provided so as to protrude from the upper end of the sample collecting tube 2, but the linear member conduit 4 is sampled formed in the deposit 10. The linear member pipe line 4 is a state in which the columnar sampling device 1 is penetrated into the deposit 10 to a predetermined depth in the process of S1, where the pipe lower space 12 communicates with the outside of the deposit 10. Therefore, it is sufficient that at least the position where the upper end opening projects from the deposit 10 is provided.

  In addition, when the columnar sampling device 1 is completely pulled out from the deposit 10 and the lower end of the sampling tube 2 (that is, the lower end of the deposit sample 10a) comes to be positioned above the deposit 10, the deposition is performed. For example, a resin cap (for example, a resin cap) covers the lower end surface of the sample collection tube 2 so that the sample 10a does not spill into the atmosphere when the sample 10a is pulled up in the environmental water 11 and the columnar sample collection device 1 is further pulled up. (Not shown) may be fitted.

  Through the above processing, an undisturbed sediment sample 10a is collected in the hollow portion 2e of the sample collection tube 2, and is appropriately stored so that the state of the sample 10a is maintained until analysis is performed. The collection work is completed (END).

  According to the columnar sampling method and sampling apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, the deposit sample 10a and the external deposit 10 collected inside the sampling tube 2 mainly by the action of the linear member 3 Is cut off, and the upper end opening 2f of the sampling tube is blocked by the closing member 5, and the negative space in the lower side of the sampling tube 12 is prevented by the action of the linear member conduit 4, and by a simple mechanism, It becomes possible to prevent the return of the deposit sample 10a collected in the sample collection tube hollow portion 2e and the dropout after the extraction.

  In addition, although the above-mentioned form is an example of the suitable form of this invention, it is not limited to this, A various deformation | transformation implementation is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the linear member 3 is configured to have an annular cut portion 3a and a lead portion 3b connected to the cut portion 3a, but the configuration of the linear member 3 is not limited thereto. A single linear member may be folded back, and the folded portion may be fitted into the linear member holding groove 2d, and both side portions of the folded portion may be configured to pass through the linear member conduit 4.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the linear member conduit 4 is configured by a pipe attached to the outer peripheral surface of the sampling tube 2 in the axial direction, but the configuration of the linear member conduit 4 is not limited thereto. The through hole formed in the peripheral wall of the main body 2a of the sampling tube 2 and the taper portion 2b for penetration may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Columnar sampling apparatus 2 Sampling tube 2a Main body 2b Penetrating taper part 2c Tapered part for linear member holding 2d Linear member holding groove 2f Upper end opening 3 Linear member 3a Cutting part 3b Lead part 4 Linear member channel 5 Blocking member

Claims (2)

  A main body and a taper portion for penetration that forms an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than the main body; and a taper portion for holding a linear member that forms an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than the taper portion for penetration; Are arranged in order on the inclined surface forming the linear member holding tapered portion so as to surround the opening on the linear member holding tapered portion side of the cylindrical sampling tube. A linear member having a cutting part detachably fitted in the linear member holding groove, a lead part connected to the cutting part, the penetrating taper part, and at least a part of the main body. A step of penetrating a deposit with a columnar sampling device comprising a linear member passage through which a cutting portion and a lead portion of the sample can pass, and a closing member that closes an upper end opening of the sampling tube; Collected in Cutting the sample of the deposit and external deposit at the lower end opening of the sampling tube by pulling the linear member; closing the upper end opening of the sampling tube with the closing member; A step of drawing the columnar sampling device from the deposit while preventing the lower space of the sampling tube from becoming negative pressure by circulating environmental water or air through a linear member conduit. A columnar sampling method.   A main body and a taper portion for penetration that forms an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than the main body; and a taper portion for holding a linear member that forms an inclined surface so that the outer diameter is gradually smaller than the taper portion for penetration; Are arranged in order on the inclined surface forming the linear member holding tapered portion so as to surround the opening on the linear member holding tapered portion side of the cylindrical sampling tube. A linear member having a cutting part detachably fitted in the linear member holding groove, a lead part connected to the cutting part, the penetrating taper part, and at least a part of the main body. A columnar sampling device, comprising: a linear member passage through which the cutting portion and the lead portion can pass; and a closing member for closing the upper end opening of the sampling tube.

Images