CN108318650B - Depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and method thereof - Google Patents
Depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318650B CN108318650B CN201810175299.2A CN201810175299A CN108318650B CN 108318650 B CN108318650 B CN 108318650B CN 201810175299 A CN201810175299 A CN 201810175299A CN 108318650 B CN108318650 B CN 108318650B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K80/00—Harvesting oysters, mussels, sponges or the like
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/16—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for intake at several levels
Abstract
The invention relates to a depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and a method thereof. In order to fill the blank in the prior art, the invention comprises a winch drum, a suspension arm, pulleys and a sampling round tube, wherein the winch drum is fixed on a matched ship or a matched bridge, the upper and lower openings of the sampling round tube are respectively provided with a taper hole part, an inverted truncated cone-shaped taper plug is arranged in the taper hole part, the center of the taper plug is fixedly provided with a connecting rod, the top of the taper plug is provided with a hanging hole, the two sides of the section are respectively provided with a horizontal clamping groove, the upper part of the sampling round tube is sleeved with an annular hollow pontoon, the top of the sampling round tube is provided with two opposite protruding plates, each protruding plate is hinged with a lever, the two ends of the lever are respectively provided with a horizontal clamping column and a floating ball, the horizontal clamping columns can be respectively clamped in the corresponding horizontal clamping grooves from the two sides, and the taper plug and the taper hole part form a sealing valve. The invention has simple structure and convenient use, and the sampling has no interference to plankton, is suitable for sampling various water areas, and is a powerful weapon for water environment monitoring and ecological protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and a method thereof.
Background
Due to the physical and chemical properties of solar radiation and water, the water temperatures of inland deep water lakes and reservoirs are obviously distributed in layers in seasons along the water depth. The water temperature on the surface of the layered reservoir is obviously higher than that of the middle and lower layers, so that dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrogen, phosphorus and other ions are distributed in layers, and the variety and density of plankton in the lower layers are further different. For deep water type lakes and reservoirs, the sampling of water bodies at the upper and middle layers is insufficient, and the distribution condition of plankton in the water bodies cannot be comprehensively reflected.
The study of lake and marsh gas is considered as follows: plankton is influenced by factors such as illumination, water temperature, food, nutritive salt and the like, is vertically distributed in a water body, particularly in a deep water lake, is generally between 0 and 10m, has weak light below 10m, and has few plankton in both types and numbers. In view of the above, the research on plankton in water is carried out in China, and the sampling depth is generally within 10 m.
In ecological research, water environment and water resource research, when water quality is sampled, the disturbance to plankton needs to be reduced to the greatest extent.
The Chinese patent publication No. 2016, 06 and 29 discloses a push quantitative layered sampler and a use method thereof. The layered sampler is only suitable for sampling water bottom sediment.
Whether a water pump or a piston mechanism is adopted for sampling, a water sample can be sucked only at a certain fixed depth, and the plankton and a water layer are necessarily disturbed or even damaged during sampling, so that the prior art lacks a depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and a method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of filling the blank in the prior art and provides a depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and a method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problem, the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device comprises a winch barrel, a suspension arm, pulleys, a combined buoy automatic valve and a sampling circular tube, wherein the winch barrel is fixed on a matched ship or a matched bridge, the suspension arm is rotatably fixed on the matched ship or the matched bridge, the combined buoy automatic valve comprises a fixed tube and an annular hollow buoy, the fixed tube is provided with a taper hole part, the taper hole part is large and small, an inverted truncated cone-shaped taper plug is arranged in the taper hole part, the center of the taper plug is fixedly provided with a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is provided with a hanging hole, two sides of the middle section of the connecting rod are respectively provided with a horizontal clamping groove, the annular hollow buoy is sleeved on the fixed tube, the top of the fixed tube is provided with two opposite protruding plates, one lever is hinged on each protruding plate, one side of the lever is long, one side of the lever is short, the lever is provided with a horizontal clamping column, the lever is fixedly connected with a floating ball, the two levers are respectively positioned on two sides of the connecting rod, the two levers can be respectively clamped in the corresponding horizontal clamping grooves from two sides, the taper plug and the taper hole part are connected with the corresponding horizontal clamping grooves, the taper hole part and the taper hole part are respectively, the two levers are connected with the same with the sampling circular tube through the sealing sleeve, the same side, the sampling sleeve is provided with the same, the length is fixed with the sampling sleeve, and the sampling sleeve is provided with the same, and the sampling sleeve is provided with the one and has a sampling sleeve.
Through researches, the vertical migration range of plankton is more than 5 meters, and the length of a sampling circular tube in the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device is 10 meters, so that all plankton in the water depth of 10 meters can be collected in the morning, noon, afternoon and even at night, and the device is particularly suitable for sampling in the range of 5-8 meters. Meanwhile, the vacuum sampling device has the advantages of minimum interference to plankton due to no water pump or movable part, accurate and convenient sampling. The method is convenient for researching the distribution situation of plankton in each time period. By the design, the disturbance to plankton can be reduced to the greatest extent when water quality is sampled.
The method for sampling static water quality by utilizing the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device comprises the following steps:
(1) driving the matched ship into a water area needing to be sampled, anchoring and locking, adjusting the sampling circular pipe to a proper length or selecting the sampling circular pipe with a proper length according to the requirement, fixing the sampling circular pipe on a fixed pipe, clamping two horizontal clamping columns into corresponding horizontal clamping grooves respectively, shaking a rocking handle to drive a pull rope, lifting the fixed pipe together with the sampling circular pipe, pulling the rocking arm, rotating the lifting arm, rotating the sampling circular pipe outside the matched ship, then slowly putting the sampling circular pipe into water, slowly entering the sampling circular pipe by surrounding water, and finally sinking the lower edge of a conical part;
when the ring-shaped hollow pontoon and the floating ball are in water, the pull rope is continuously loosened, and when the floating ball floats upwards, the lever drives the horizontal clamping column to deviate from the horizontal clamping groove,
(2) reversely rocking the rocking handle, tightening the pull rope, releasing the horizontal clamping groove, driving the connecting rod to rise by the pull rope, completely plugging the taper hole part by the taper plug, closing the sealing valve, continuously tightening the pull rope, lifting the combined float automatic valve and the sampling circular tube out of the water surface, leaving the water in the sampling circular tube under the influence of atmospheric pressure, rising along with the sampling circular tube,
(3) when the sampling circular tube rises to a sufficient height, the rotary arm is pulled, the suspension arm is rotated, the sampling circular tube is rotated to the position above the matching container above the deck of the matching ship, the lower opening of the sampling circular tube is inserted into the matching container, the taper plug is separated from the taper hole part, the sealing valve is opened, and water in the sampling circular tube naturally flows into the matching container.
The depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and the method thereof have the advantages of simple structure and convenient use, the sampling has no interference to plankton and water layers, and the device and the method are suitable for sampling plankton in water areas such as rivers, lakes and the like, and are powerful weapons for monitoring water environment and protecting ecology.
Drawings
The depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and the method thereof are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use state of a depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial section of the combined pontoon automatic valve and sampling circular tube in the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device after water is introduced, the floating ball floats upwards, the winch drum is rocked after the horizontal clamping column is separated from the horizontal clamping groove, the pull rope is pulled upwards, the taper hole part is plugged by the taper plug, and the sealing valve is closed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial section of a combined pontoon automatic valve and sampling tube in the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device, wherein the sealing valve is kept closed, water is sucked into the sampling tube under the action of atmospheric pressure, taken away from the water surface, lifted to a sufficient height, and a rotating arm is pulled to rotate a boom to a matched ship.
In the figure: the device comprises a winch drum 1, a suspension arm 2, a pulley 3, a sampling round tube 4, a matched ship 5, a fixed tube 6, an annular outer protruding edge on the fixed tube 61, an annular clamping plate 62, an annular hollow pontoon 7, a conical plug 8, a connecting rod 9, a hanging hole 10, a horizontal clamping groove 11, a protruding plate 12, a lever 13, a horizontal clamping column 14, a floating ball 15, a pull rope 16, a rocking handle 17, a rocking arm 18, a conical hole part 19 and a matched container 20.
Detailed Description
Embodiment one: as shown in figures 1-3, the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device comprises a winch 1, a suspension arm 2, a pulley 3, a combined pontoon automatic valve and a sampling circular tube 4, wherein the winch 1 is fixed on a matched ship 5 (or a matched bridge, not shown in the figure), the suspension arm 1 is rotatably fixed on the matched ship 5, the combined pontoon automatic valve comprises a fixed pipe 6 and an annular hollow pontoon 7, a taper hole part 19 is arranged on the fixed pipe 6, the taper hole part 19 is large at the lower part and small at the upper part, an inverted truncated cone-shaped taper plug 8 is arranged in the taper hole part 19, a connecting rod 9 is fixed at the center of the taper plug 8, a hanging hole 10 is arranged at the top of the connecting rod 9, horizontal clamping grooves 11 are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle section of the connecting rod 9, the annular hollow pontoon 7 is sleeved on the fixed pipe 6, two opposite protruding plates 12 are arranged at the top of the fixed pipe 6, each protruding plate 12 is hinged with a lever 13, one side of each lever 13 is long, one side of each lever 13 is short, the short end of each lever 13 is provided with a horizontal clamping column 14, the long end of each lever 13 is fixedly connected with a floating ball 15, two levers 13 are respectively positioned at two sides of each connecting rod 9, the horizontal clamping columns 14 of the two levers 13 can be respectively clamped in corresponding horizontal clamping grooves 11 from two sides, a taper plug 8 and a taper hole part 19 form a sealing valve, a pull rope 16 is tied in each hanging hole 10, the pull rope 16 is fixed on the winch drum 1 after crossing the pulley 3, the winch drum 1 is provided with a rocking handle 17, one side of each lifting arm 2 is fixedly provided with a rocking arm 18, the tops of the sampling circular tubes 4 are tightly connected with the lower end of each fixed tube 6 through threads, the sampling circular tubes 4 are telescopic tubes, or the sampling circular tubes 4 share a plurality of the same length, and the lengths of the sampling circular tubes 4 are different.
The fixed pipe 6 is provided with two annular outer protruding edges 61, two annular clamping plates 62 are arranged on the inner sides of the two annular outer protruding edges 61, and the annular hollow pontoon 7 is clamped between the two annular clamping plates 61. After the annular hollow pontoon 7 is inflated, the two annular clamping plates 62 are outwards supported and clamped on the inner sides of the two annular outer protruding edges 61.
The method for sampling static water quality by utilizing the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device comprises the following steps:
(1) driving the matched ship 5 into a water area needing to be sampled, anchoring and locking, adjusting the sampling circular pipe 4 to a proper length or selecting the sampling circular pipe 4 with a proper length according to the requirement, fixing the sampling circular pipe 4 on the fixed pipe 6, clamping two horizontal clamping columns 14 into corresponding horizontal clamping grooves 11, rocking a rocking handle 17 to drive a pull rope 16, lifting the fixed pipe 6 and the sampling circular pipe 4, pulling a rocking arm 18, rotating a suspension arm 2, turning the sampling circular pipe 4 out of the matched ship, slowly putting the sampling circular pipe 4 into water, slowly entering surrounding water into the sampling circular pipe 4, and finally sinking the lower edge of a conical part 19;
when the ring-shaped hollow pontoon 7 and the floating ball 15 are put into water, the pull rope 16 is continuously loosened, and the floating ball 15 floats upwards, the lever 13 drives the horizontal clamping column 14 to deviate from the horizontal clamping groove 11.
(2) Reversely rocking the rocking handle 17, tightening the pull rope 16, releasing the horizontal clamping groove 11, driving the connecting rod 9 to rise by the pull rope 16, enabling the taper plug 8 to completely block the taper hole 19, closing the sealing valve, continuing to tighten the pull rope 16, lifting the combined float automatic valve and the sampling circular tube 4 out of the water surface, and leaving the water in the sampling circular tube 4 to rise along with the sampling circular tube 4 under the influence of atmospheric pressure.
(3) When the sampling circular tube 4 is lifted to a sufficient height, the rotary arm 18 is pulled, the suspension arm 2 is rotated, the sampling circular tube 4 is rotated above the matching container 20 above the deck of the matching ship 5, the lower opening of the sampling circular tube 4 is inserted into the matching container 20, the taper plug 8 is separated from the taper hole part 19, the sealing valve is opened, and water in the sampling circular tube 4 naturally flows into the matching container 20.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a degree of depth adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton ration layering sampling device which characterized in that: the automatic valve comprises a winch barrel, a suspension arm, pulleys and a combined buoy automatic valve and a sampling circular tube, wherein the winch barrel is fixed on a matched ship or a matched bridge, the suspension arm is rotatably fixed on the matched ship or the matched bridge, the combined buoy automatic valve comprises a fixed pipe and an annular hollow buoy, the fixed pipe is provided with a taper hole part, the taper hole part is large in the lower part and small in the upper part, an inverted truncated cone-shaped taper plug is arranged in the taper hole part, the center of the taper plug is fixedly provided with a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is provided with a hanging hole, two sides of the middle section of the connecting rod are respectively provided with a horizontal clamping groove, the annular hollow buoy is sleeved on the fixed pipe, the top of the fixed pipe is provided with two opposite protruding plates, each protruding plate is hinged with a lever, one side of the lever is long, one side of the lever is short, the short end of the lever is provided with a horizontal clamping column, the long end of the lever is fixedly connected with a floating ball, the two levers are respectively positioned on two sides of the connecting rod, the horizontal clamping columns of the two levers can be respectively clamped in corresponding horizontal clamping grooves, the taper plug and the taper hole part form a sealing valve, the hanging hole is internally spanned by one connecting rod, the connecting rod is provided with a hanging hole, the connecting rod is respectively, the two annular clamp handles are respectively arranged on the two annular rotating shafts and the same as the two sampling clamp plates, the two annular clamp shafts are fixedly arranged on the same side and the outer side, and the two sampling clamp plates are fixedly arranged at the same side.
2. A method for static water quality sampling using the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton quantitative layered sampling device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) driving the matched ship into a water area needing to be sampled, anchoring and locking, adjusting the sampling circular pipe to a proper length or selecting the sampling circular pipe with a proper length according to the requirement, fixing the sampling circular pipe on a fixed pipe, clamping two horizontal clamping columns into corresponding horizontal clamping grooves respectively, shaking a rocking handle to drive a pull rope, lifting the fixed pipe together with the sampling circular pipe, pulling the rocking arm, rotating the lifting arm, rotating the sampling circular pipe outside the matched ship, then slowly putting the sampling circular pipe into water, slowly entering the sampling circular pipe by surrounding water, and finally sinking the lower edge of a conical part;
when the ring-shaped hollow pontoon and the floating ball are in water, the pull rope is continuously loosened, and when the floating ball floats upwards, the lever drives the horizontal clamping column to deviate from the horizontal clamping groove,
(2) reversely rocking the rocking handle, tightening the pull rope, releasing the horizontal clamping groove, driving the connecting rod to rise by the pull rope, completely plugging the taper hole part by the taper plug, closing the sealing valve, continuously tightening the pull rope, lifting the combined float automatic valve and the sampling circular tube out of the water surface, leaving the water in the sampling circular tube under the influence of atmospheric pressure, rising along with the sampling circular tube,
(3) when the sampling circular tube rises to a sufficient height, the rotary arm is pulled, the suspension arm is rotated, the sampling circular tube is rotated to the position above the matching container above the deck of the matching ship, the lower opening of the sampling circular tube is inserted into the matching container, the taper plug is separated from the taper hole part, the sealing valve is opened, and water in the sampling circular tube naturally flows into the matching container.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810175299.2A CN108318650B (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2018-03-02 | Depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and method thereof |
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| CN201810175299.2A CN108318650B (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2018-03-02 | Depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device and method thereof |
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| CN108318650B true CN108318650B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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| CN111175464B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-08-10 | 河海大学 | Water quality index vertical distribution monitoring system under pressure check and use method |
| CN114323803B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-20 | 潍坊市奎文区园林环卫服务中心 | Water quality sampling device for garden ecological management |
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