CN108318650A - The adjustable water quality monitoring of depth, planktonic organism quantify layered sampling device and its method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of adjustable water quality monitoring of depth, planktonic organisms to quantify layered sampling device and its method.To fill up prior art blank, the present invention includes winch spool, arm, pulley and sampling pipe, wherein winch spool is fixed on adapted ship or on adapted bridge, it samples on pipe, under shed, upper part is set there are one cone hole part, the tapered plug of reverse frustoconic is equipped in cone hole part, the tapered plug center is fixed with a connecting rod, its top is equipped with hanging hole, its stage casing both sides is respectively equipped with horizontal card slot, sampling pipe top is cased with annular hollow pontoon, opposite prominent plate there are two being set at the top of sampling pipe, it is each hinged on prominent plate that there are one levers, lever both ends are respectively equipped with horizontal card column and floating ball, horizontal card column can be stuck in from both sides in corresponding horizontal card slot respectively, tapered plug forms a sealing valve with cone hole part.The configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to use, sampling is noiseless to planktonic organism, is suitble to various water area samplings, is the powerful mean of water environment monitoring, ecological protection.

Description

Depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton quantitative layered sampling device and method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton quantitative layered sampling device and a method thereof.

Background technique

Due to solar radiation and physical and chemical properties of water, the water temperature of inland deep-water lakes and reservoirs shows obvious seasonal stratification along the water depth. The surface water temperature of stratified reservoirs is significantly higher than that of the middle and lower layers, resulting in the distribution of dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrogen, phosphorus and other ions in layers, which in turn leads to differences in the types and densities of plankton in the lower water body. For deep-water lakes and reservoirs, sampling only in the middle and upper water bodies is not enough, and cannot fully reflect the distribution of plankton in the water body.

According to limnological studies, plankton is affected by factors such as light, water temperature, food, and nutrients. The vertical distribution of plankton in water bodies, especially in deep-water lakes, is usually between 0 and 10m, and the light below 10m is weak. Neither the type nor the quantity are very few. In view of this, domestic research on plankton in water bodies generally takes sampling depths within 10m.

In ecological research, water environment, and water resource research, it is necessary to minimize disturbance to plankton when sampling water quality.

The Chinese invention patent announced and authorized on June 29, 2016 discloses a push-type quantitative layered sampler and its use method. This layered sampler is only suitable for bottom-like sediment sampling.

Regardless of whether a water pump or a piston mechanism is used for sampling, water samples can only be drawn at a certain fixed depth, and the sampling will inevitably cause disturbance or even damage to plankton and water layers. The existing technology lacks depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, Quantitative layered sampling device and method for plankton.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to fill the above gap in the prior art, and provide a depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton quantitative layered sampling device and its method.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device with adjustable depth includes a winch, a boom, a pulley, a combined buoy automatic valve and a sampling tube, wherein the winch is fixed on the matching ship or equipped with On the bridge, the boom is rotatably fixed on the matching ship or on the matching bridge. The combined buoy automatic valve includes a fixed pipe and an annular hollow buoy. Small, the conical hole is provided with a conical plug in the shape of a conical cone, and a connecting rod is fixed in the center of the conical plug. The top of the connecting rod is provided with a hanging hole, and the two sides of the middle section of the connecting rod are respectively provided with horizontal slots. The annular hollow buoy It is set on the fixed tube. There are two opposite protruding plates on the top of the fixed tube. A lever is hinged on each protruding plate. One side of the lever is long and the other side is short. Floating ball, two levers are located on both sides of the connecting rod, the horizontal clamping columns of the two levers can be respectively stuck in the corresponding horizontal clamping grooves from both sides, the taper plug and the taper hole form a sealing valve, so A stay rope is tied in the hanging hole, and the stay rope is fixed on the winch after crossing the pulley. The top of the round pipe is airtightly connected with the lower end of the fixed pipe through threads, and the sampling round pipe is a telescopic sleeve, or there are multiple sampling round pipes, and the lengths of each sampling round pipe are different.

After research, the vertical migration range of plankton is mostly within 5 meters, and the sampling tube in this depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device is 10 meters long, which can be used in the morning, noon, afternoon, or even Collect all plankton in the water depth of 10 meters at night, especially suitable for sampling in the range of 5-8 meters. At the same time, since the vacuum sampling device does not have any water pump or moving parts, the disturbance to plankton is minimal, and the sampling is accurate and convenient. It is convenient to study the distribution of plankton in various time periods. This design minimizes disturbance to plankton when sampling water quality.

The method for performing static water quality sampling by using the aforementioned depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device includes the following steps:

①. Drive the matching boat into the water area where sampling is required, lower the anchor and lock it, adjust the sampling round tube to an appropriate length or select a sampling round tube of an appropriate length according to the needs, fix it on the fixed tube, and snap the two horizontal clamping columns respectively Insert the corresponding horizontal card slot, shake the handle, drive the pull rope, lift the fixed tube together with the sampling tube, pull the rotating arm, turn the boom, turn the sampling tube to the outside of the matching ship, and then put the sampling tube Slowly put into the water, the surrounding water slowly enters the sampling tube, and finally sinks through the lower edge of the tapered part;

After the annular hollow buoy and the floating ball enter the water, continue to loosen the pull rope, and when the floating ball floats up, the lever drives the horizontal clamping column out of the horizontal clamping groove.

②. Shake the handle in the opposite direction, tighten the drawstring, the horizontal card slot has been released, the drawstring drives the connecting rod up, so that the cone plug completely blocks the taper hole, the sealing valve is closed, and then continue to tighten the drawstring, and the combination The automatic valve of the buoy and the sampling tube are raised to the water surface, and the water in the sampling tube is affected by the atmospheric pressure and stays in the sampling tube and rises with the sampling tube.

③. When the sampling tube has risen to a sufficient height, pull the rotating arm and turn the boom to make the sampling tube turn to the top of the matching container above the deck of the matching ship, and insert the lower port of the sampling tube into the matching container , so that the taper plug is separated from the taper hole, the sealing valve is opened, and the water in the sampling tube naturally flows into the matching container.

The depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton quantitative layered sampling device and method thereof of the present invention have the advantages of simple structure and convenient use, and the sampling does not interfere with plankton and water layers, and is suitable for sampling plankton in rivers, rivers, lakes and other water areas. It is a powerful weapon for water environment monitoring and ecological protection.

Description of drawings

The depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton quantitative layered sampling device and method thereof of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device in use;

Figure 2 shows the combination of buoy automatic valve and sampling circular pipe in the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device. After entering the water, the floating ball floats up. The rope and the cone plug block the cone hole, and the partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sealing valve is closed;

Figure 3 shows the combination of buoy automatic valve and sampling circular tube in the depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device. During the lifting process, the sealing valve is kept closed, and water is absorbed into the sampling circular tube under the action of atmospheric pressure. , take it away from the water surface, and lift it to a sufficient height, pull the boom, and turn the boom to the partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ship.

In the figure: 1 is the winch tube, 2 is the boom, 3 is the pulley, 4 is the sampling pipe, 5 is the matching ship, 6 is the fixed pipe, 61 is the annular protruding edge on the fixed pipe, 62 is the annular splint, 7 is an annular hollow buoy, 8 is a cone plug, 9 is a connecting rod, 10 is a hanging hole, 11 is a horizontal slot, 12 is a protruding plate, 13 is a lever, 14 is a horizontal post, 15 is a floating ball, and 16 is a pull rope , 17 is a rocking handle, 18 is a rotating arm, 19 is a tapered hole portion, and 20 is a matching container.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1-3, this depth-adjustable water quality monitoring, plankton quantitative layered sampling device includes winch 1, boom 2, pulley 3 and combined buoy automatic valve and sampling circular pipe 4, wherein The winch 1 is fixed on the matching ship 5 (or the matching bridge, the figure is omitted), the boom 1 is rotatably fixed on the matching ship 5, and the combined buoy automatic valve includes a fixed pipe 6 and an annular hollow buoy 7. The fixed pipe 6 is provided with a tapered hole portion 19, the tapered hole portion 19 is large at the bottom and small at the top, and the tapered hole portion 19 is provided with a cone plug 8 in the shape of a conical cone, and a connecting rod 9 is fixed in the center of the taper plug 8. The top of the connecting rod 9 is provided with a hanging hole 10, and the two sides of the middle section of the connecting rod 9 are provided with horizontal slots 11 respectively. A lever 13 is hinged on each projecting plate 12, and one side of the lever 13 is long, and one side is short, and the short end of the lever 13 is provided with a horizontal post 14, and the long end of the lever 13 is fixedly connected with a floating ball 15, and the two levers 13 are respectively positioned On both sides of the connecting rod 9, the horizontal clamping columns 14 of the two levers 13 can be respectively stuck in the corresponding horizontal clamping grooves 11 from both sides, the taper plug 8 and the taper hole portion 19 form a sealing valve, and the hanging hole There is a stay rope 16 inside the 10, and after the stay rope 16 crosses the pulley 3, it is fixed on the winch 1. The hinge barrel 1 is equipped with a rocker 17, and a rotating handle 17 is fixed on one side of the boom 2. Arm 18, the top of the sampling round pipe 4 is airtightly connected with the lower end of the fixed pipe 6 through threads, the sampling round pipe 4 is a telescopic sleeve, or there are multiple sampling round pipes 4, and the length of each sampling round pipe 4 is uniform. Are not the same.

The fixed pipe 6 is provided with two annular outer protruding edges 61 , and two annular splints 62 are arranged inside the two annular outer protruding edges 61 , and the annular hollow buoy 7 is sandwiched between the two annular splints 61 . After the annular hollow buoy 7 is inflated, the two annular splints 62 are supported outwards, and are stuck on the inner sides of the two annular outer protrusions 61 .

The method for performing static water quality sampling by using the aforementioned depth-adjustable water quality monitoring and plankton quantitative layered sampling device includes the following steps:

①. Drive the matching ship 5 into the water area where sampling is required, lower the anchor and lock it, adjust the sampling round tube 4 to an appropriate length or select a sampling round tube 4 of an appropriate length, fix it on the fixed tube 6, and connect the two horizontal The clamping column 14 snaps into the corresponding horizontal slot 11, shakes the handle 17, drives the pull rope 16, lifts the fixed tube 6 together with the sampling round tube 4, pulls the rotating arm 18, turns the boom 2, and lifts the sampling round tube 4 Turn to the outside of the equipped ship, then slowly put the sampling tube 4 into the water, the surrounding water slowly enters the sampling tube 4, and finally sinks through the lower edge of the tapered part 19;

After the annular hollow buoy 7 and the floating ball 15 entered the water, the stay cord 16 continued to be relaxed, and when the floating ball 15 floated up, by the lever 13, the horizontal clamp post 14 was driven to escape from the horizontal clamping groove 11.

②. Shake the crank handle 17 in the reverse direction, tighten the pull rope 16, the horizontal card slot 11 has been released, the pull rope 16 drives the connecting rod 9 to rise, so that the cone plug 8 completely blocks the cone hole 19, the sealing valve is closed, and then continue Tighten the stay rope 16, put the combined buoy automatic valve and the sampling pipe 4 out of the water surface, the water in the sampling pipe 4 is affected by the atmospheric pressure, stay in the sampling pipe 4, and rise with the sampling pipe 4.

③. When the sampling tube 4 has risen to a sufficient height, pull the rotating arm 18, turn the boom 2, and make the sampling tube 4 turn to the top of the matching container 20 above the deck of the matching ship 5, and place the sampling tube 4 The lower port is inserted into the matching container 20, the taper plug 8 is separated from the tapered hole portion 19, the sealing valve is opened, and the water in the sampling round pipe 4 naturally flows into the matching container 20.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of adjustable water quality monitoring of depth, planktonic organism quantify layered sampling device, it is characterised in that：Including winch spool, hang Arm, pulley and combination floating drum automatic valve and sampling pipe, wherein winch spool are fixed on adapted ship or on adapted bridge, and arm can revolve Turn ground be fixed on adapted ship or on adapted bridge, combination floating drum automatic valve include fixing pipe and annular hollow pontoon, it is described solid It is set on fixed tube there are one cone hole part, it is big under the cone hole part, it is upper small, the tapered plug of reverse frustoconic, the tapered plug center are equipped in cone hole part It is fixed with a connecting rod, hanging hole is equipped at the top of the connecting rod, connecting rod stage casing both sides are respectively equipped with horizontal card slot, the annular hollow pontoon It is just sleeved in fixing pipe, is set at the top of fixing pipe there are two relatively prominent plate, hinged on plate of each dashing forward there are one lever, lever sides Long, side is short, and lever short end is equipped with horizontal card column, and the long end of lever is connected a floating ball, and two levers are located at the connecting rod The horizontal card column of both sides, two levers can be stuck in from both sides in corresponding horizontal card slot respectively, and tapered plug is formed with the cone hole part One sealing valve, there is a drawstring in system in the hanging hole, which is fixed on the winch spool, the hinge cylinder across after the pulley With there are one rocking handle, the arm side is fixed with pivoted arm, and the sampling pipe top is closed by screw thread and fixing pipe lower end It is connected, the sampling pipe shares multiple, and each sampling pipe length not phase for telescopic sleeve or the sampling pipe Together.

2. quantifying layered sampling device using the adjustable water quality monitoring of depth described in claim 1, planktonic organism carries out Static Water The method of matter sampling, includes the following steps：

1., which drives into adapted ship, needs the waters that samples, locking of casting anchor, will sample as needed pipe be adjusted to appropriate length or Person selects the sampling pipe of appropriate length, is fixed in fixing pipe, two horizontal card columns are respectively clamped into corresponding horizontal card slot, Rocking handle is shaken, drawstring is driven, fixing pipe is sling together with sampling pipe, pulls pivoted arm, sampling pipe is gone to and matched by swinging boom With outboard, then will sampling pipe slowly into the water, the water of surrounding slowly enters sampling pipe, and finally sinks tapered portion Lower edge；

After annular hollow pontoon, floating ball enter water, continue to loosen drawstring, when floating ball floats, by lever, drives horizontal card column de- Go out horizontal card slot,

2. reversely shakes rocking handle, drawstring is tightened, horizontal card slot has been released, and drawstring drives connecting rod to rise, and tapered plug is made to block completely Cone hole part seals valve closure, then continues to tighten drawstring, and combination floating drum automatic valve and sampling pipe are left the water, sampling circle Water in pipe is influenced by atmospheric pressure, is stayed in sampling pipe, is risen in company with sampling pipe,

3. pulls pivoted arm, swinging boom makes sampling pipe go on adapted boat deck after sampling pipe is raised to enough height Above the adapted container of side, and mouth under pipe will be sampled and be inserted into adapted container, and so that tapered plug and cone hole part is separated, sealing valve is beaten It opens, the water sampled in pipe flows into adapted container naturally.