CN109883757B - Offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure and sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure and sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109883757B CN109883757B CN201910147924.7A CN201910147924A CN109883757B CN 109883757 B CN109883757 B CN 109883757B CN 201910147924 A CN201910147924 A CN 201910147924A CN 109883757 B CN109883757 B CN 109883757B
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Abstract
The offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure comprises an outer cylinder sleeve, wherein the outer cylinder sleeve is formed by mutually locking 2 semi-cylinders, the bottom of the outer cylinder sleeve is connected with a base through an adjusting rod, and rollers are mounted on the base; the water taking structure is uniformly arranged on the cylinder edge of the outer cylinder sleeve, the water taking structure comprises a water taking tank, and a water taking tank is arranged in the water taking tank, so that the water taking device has the beneficial effects that: the invention can collect water samples of different depths by utilizing reasonable structural design, can take sediment soil samples of different positions under the condition of not recovering a sampling structure, can recover the soil samples in advance, has less time consumption in the whole process, is convenient to use, has high sampling speed and is suitable for popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a marine water quality and sediment sampling structure and a sampling method thereof, belonging to the technical field of marine exploration engineering.
Background
Subsea sampling is the task of collecting samples of subsea sediments and rocks with a sampling instrument. The method is a means for carrying out ocean research work, and tools for sampling comprise a trawl, a grab bucket, a columnar sampler, a seabed shallow drill and the like. After sampling, preliminarily observing and describing the material composition, structure and color of the sample on a ship in time, performing simple tests on humidity, plasticity, compressive strength and the like, and extracting pore water; and preserving part of the sample number for sealing. According to primary observation on a ship, a sketch of marine substrate can also be drawn for reference of indoor research.
As a publication number CN207570850U discloses an ocean sampling device, including support frame, collection liquid bottle and connecting pipe be equipped with a plurality of collection liquid bottles on the support frame the top of collection liquid bottle is equipped with the bottleneck, the top of bottleneck all communicates with the connecting pipe the lower extreme of collection liquid bottle inner wall is equipped with the supporter the below of supporter is equipped with the solenoid valve the top of supporter is equipped with the buoy be equipped with the guide bar on the buoy the bottom of guide bar is equipped with the sealing plug, the top of guide bar is located in the bottleneck the top of connecting pipe is equipped with brake valve lever, brake valve lever with the solenoid valve is connected. The utility model discloses when same sea area is taken a sample to the sea water of the different degree of depth, through opening and closing of controlling different solenoid valves, can realize the sample work to the sea water of the different degree of depth, improved the efficiency of sample.
Patent publication No. CN207570850U is the same with the technical field of this application, the technical problem of solution is the same, the technical signature that discloses is the most, can regard as the closest prior art of this application, but its function singleness only has the water intaking function, can not carry out the soil sampling again, can not consider the leakproofness of equipment simultaneously, the deposit structure that gets that CN105547752B discloses in addition once can only get a sampling point, need constantly retrieve like this, take the appearance, transfer the sample again, the process is very loaded down with trivial details. Therefore, it is an urgent need to provide a sampler with reliable performance and capable of satisfying different sampling points.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the problems in the prior art and provides a near-shore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure and a sampling method thereof.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure comprises an outer cylinder sleeve, wherein the outer cylinder sleeve is formed by mutually locking 2 semi-cylinders, the bottom of the outer cylinder sleeve is connected with a base through an adjusting rod, a first roller is arranged on the base, and the offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure is characterized in that,
an upper barrel sleeve is connected above the outer barrel sleeve, steel wire ropes are connected to the upper barrel sleeve, and spacing discs are uniformly distributed on the steel wire ropes; the water taking structure comprises a water taking tank, a water taking tank is arranged in the water taking tank, a sealing cover locked on the outer cylinder sleeve through screws is arranged above the water taking tank, the sealing cover is connected with a lower sealing cover through a middle column, a water inlet cavity channel is arranged between the sealing cover and the lower sealing cover, a water inlet pipe sleeve is arranged on the side wall surface of the outer cylinder sleeve and communicated with the water inlet cavity channel, a connecting port is arranged on the water taking tank and communicated with the water inlet cavity channel, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe sleeve, a data control line is arranged on the electromagnetic valve and connected with a computer on a ship deck, and an observation window is further arranged on the side edge of the water taking tank;
a motor is installed in the outer barrel sleeve, a rotary table is connected below the motor, positioning channels are uniformly distributed on the rotary table, clamping blocks are installed on the positioning channels, and first clamping beads are installed on the clamping blocks; the sampling tube is arranged in the positioning channel; a first hydraulic cylinder is installed in the upper barrel sleeve, and a top piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is introduced above the positioning channel in the outer barrel sleeve;
the wall of the sampling cylinder is provided with a ball groove and a sliding block groove for clamping the first clamping bead, the bottom of the sampling cylinder is sleeved with a reinforcing sleeve, the sliding block groove is a slope-shaped groove, the slope gradually deepens from the bottom to the top, a sliding block is arranged in the sliding block groove, the bottom of the sampling cylinder is hinged with a sealing plate, the reinforcing sleeves on two sides of the sealing plate are provided with second rollers, and a steel wire rope II arranged on the sealing plate penetrates through the reinforcing sleeve to be connected with the sliding block; the wall of the sampling tube is also provided with a spring fastener, and the positioning channel is also provided with a notch corresponding to the position of the spring fastener.
Preferably, a bellows sleeve is connected between the outer cylinder sleeve and the base. A first sealing washer is arranged between the sealing cover and the outer cylinder sleeve, and a second sealing washer is arranged between the water inlet pipe sleeve and the side wall surface of the outer cylinder sleeve.
Further, still install the chuck on the base, the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of constant head tanks that correspond with breach axle center position in the chuck, the symmetry is equipped with the spring card pearl in the constant head tank, and the cross-section of rings is the arc structure of indent, locks it in the constant head tank through the spring card pearl card in the centre of the arc structure of rings, rings are connected with the stay cord, and the stay cord is collected and is extended to the deck after on the spacer disc.
Based on the structure, the invention also provides a method for sampling the offshore marine water quality and sediments, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) setting a mark on a steel wire rope, winding and unwinding the steel wire rope through a steel wire rope winding and unwinding device on a survey ship deck, recording the lowering length, simultaneously locking a sealing cover by a screw, opening an outer barrel sleeve, placing a sampling barrel in a positioning channel for clamping, paying attention to the fact that a spring fastener corresponds to a notch during installation, clamping a clamping ball into a ball groove at the moment, and positioning a sliding block on a bayonet at the bottom of the positioning channel;
2) detecting the tightness, putting the sampling structure into water by using a steel wire rope, pulling up and recovering after 5-10 minutes, checking an observation window to check whether the water taking tank and the water taking tank have waterless infiltration, and if so, carrying out maintenance, and if not, carrying out the next step;
3) the sampling structure is lowered into the water through the steel wire rope, the lowering distance is recorded, and when the set water level is reached, the suspension is suspended for 5-10 minutes, and in the process: the computer on the deck controls the data control line to open the corresponding electromagnetic valve, so that the water sample in the water level layer enters the water inlet cavity channel through the water inlet pipe sleeve and then flows into the water taking tank, and then the electromagnetic valve is closed;
4) continuously repeating the step 3), gradually lowering the sampling structure to different water layers through a steel wire rope for respectively sampling;
5) when the sample structure arrived seabed landing, through signal line control pneumatic cylinder pushing down, promote the sampler barrel pushing down, the sampler barrel is squeezed into in the earth with the deposit intercept section of thick bamboo in, at this in-process: when the bottom of the sampling cylinder is contacted with the sediment to open the sealing plate, the sediment is cut into the cylinder, the sampling cylinder continuously descends at the moment, when the sampling cylinder reaches a certain position, the spring buckle on the sampling cylinder firstly passes through the corresponding notch and then is clamped into the hanging ring preset in the positioning groove in advance, and when the hydraulic cylinder is continuously pressed down, the hanging ring is driven to be separated from the spring clamping bead clamping the hanging ring; meanwhile, the sliding block in the sliding block groove is pushed by the bottom of the positioning channel when the sampling cylinder descends to a set distance, when the sampling cylinder continues to descend, the sliding block is still, and the sliding block groove moves downwards along with the sampling cylinder, so that the sliding block moves upwards in the sliding block groove to drive the steel wire rope II to be tensioned, the sealing plate closes the bottom of the sampling cylinder, sediment is prevented from falling out, and the sliding block groove has a slope and is not protruded when moving upwards to the top of the sliding block groove; the first hydraulic cylinder continues to press down to enable the sampling cylinder to penetrate through the chuck and be separated from the sampling structure;
6) based on the step 5), pulling the lifting ring by the pull rope to pull the sampling cylinder out of the deposition layer and pull the sampling cylinder back to the deck of the ship for collection;
7) if the sampling is to be continued, the ship is shifted and then is placed down and landed after the steel wire rope is pulled up for a short distance, the motor drives the rotary table to rotate for a station, the next sampling cylinder which is not sampled enters the lower part of the first hydraulic cylinder, and then the steps 5-6) are repeated for sampling again;
8) after the sample was accomplished, retrieve whole sample structure through wire rope and can the deck, pull down the screw, take off sealed lid and sealed lid down, take out the water sample in the water intaking jar and collect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can collect water samples of different depths by utilizing reasonable structural design, can take sediment soil samples of different positions under the condition of not recovering a sampling structure, can recover the soil samples in advance, has less time consumption in the whole process, is convenient to use, has high sampling speed and is suitable for popularization and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a sampling structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cutaway block diagram of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the turntable;
fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of the base.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the chuck;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of the flying ring;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the withdrawal chimney;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the outer sleeve;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the interior of the outer sleeve;
FIG. 10 is a structural view of a water intake apparatus according to a second embodiment;
fig. 11 is a view showing a seal sheet arrangement structure of a water intake device according to the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in the figure, offshore ocean water quality and sediment sampling structure, including outer barrel casing 34, outer barrel casing 34 is the mutual hasp formation of 2 semicylinders, and the bottom of outer barrel casing 34 is connected with base 36 through adjusting pole 3, be connected with bellows cover 2 between outer barrel casing 34 and the base 36. The roller I1 is installed on the base 36, the base 36 is used for supporting the device to land on a seabed settled layer, and meanwhile, the searchlight and the camera are further arranged on the base 36, so that the working process can be monitored when the device works.
An upper cylinder sleeve 37 is connected above the outer cylinder sleeve 34, steel wire ropes 6 are connected to the upper cylinder sleeve 37, and spacing discs 5 are uniformly distributed on the steel wire ropes 6; the water taking structures 700 are uniformly arranged on the cylinder edge of the outer cylinder sleeve 34, and the number of the water taking structures 700 is multiple and is distributed in an annular array.
The water taking structure 700 comprises a water taking tank 707, a water taking tank 709 is installed in the water taking tank 707, a sealing cover 705 which is locked on an outer cylinder sleeve 34 through a screw 713 is arranged above the water taking tank 709, in addition, a sealing washer 704 is arranged between the sealing cover 705 and the outer cylinder sleeve 34 for improving the sealing performance, the sealing cover 705 is connected with a lower sealing cover 711 through a middle column 706, a water inlet cavity channel 710 is arranged between the sealing cover 705 and the lower sealing cover 711, a water inlet pipe sleeve 703 is arranged on the side wall surface of the outer cylinder sleeve 34 and communicated with the water inlet cavity channel 710, a sealing washer two is arranged between the water inlet pipe sleeve 703 and the side wall surface of the outer cylinder sleeve 34, the water taking tank 709 is provided with a connecting port which is communicated with the water inlet cavity channel 710, an electromagnetic valve 701 is installed on the water inlet pipe sleeve 703, a data control line 712 is arranged on the electromagnetic valve 701, and, the side of the water intake groove 707 is also provided with an observation window 708.
In this embodiment, the water collection tank 709 and the observation window 708 are made of transparent plastic, so that the state of the water collection tank 707 can be clearly observed through the observation window 708. The computer control data control line 712 on the deck controls the corresponding electromagnetic valve 701 to open, so that the water sample in the water level layer enters the water inlet cavity 710 through the water inlet pipe sleeve 703 and then flows into the water taking tank 709, and then the electromagnetic valve 701 is closed, and the water taking operation is completed.
A motor 8 is installed in the outer cylinder sleeve 34, the motor 8 is connected to the inner top surface of the outer cylinder sleeve 34 and fixed, the motor 8 is a PLC (programmable logic controller) control motor, the motor 8 is connected with a power supply line group and a control line and is connected with a power supply and a computer on a ship deck, a rotary table 11 is connected below the motor 8, positioning channels 14 are uniformly distributed on the rotary table 11, clamping blocks 12 are installed on the positioning channels 14, and first clamping beads 13 are installed on the clamping blocks 12; the sampling tube 9 is arranged in the positioning channel 14; a first hydraulic cylinder 10 is installed in the upper cylinder sleeve 37, and a top piston of the first hydraulic cylinder 10 is communicated with the upper part of the positioning channel 14 in the outer cylinder sleeve 34; the first clamping bead 13 is clamped into the ball groove 901 of the sampling tube 9 to fix the sampling tube 9. The first hydraulic cylinder 10 is also provided with a control circuit which is connected with the computer, and the control circuit is bound together with the steel wire rope 6 and is arranged up and down at the same time.
The wall of the sampling cylinder 9 is provided with a ball groove 901 and a sliding block groove 902 for clamping a first clamping ball 13, the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 is sleeved with a reinforcing sleeve 910, the sliding block groove 902 is a slope-shaped groove, the slope gradually deepens from the bottom to the top, a sliding block 903 is arranged in the sliding block groove 902, the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 is hinged with a sealing plate 905, two rollers 907 are arranged on the reinforcing sleeve 910 on two sides of the sealing plate 905, and a steel wire rope 906 arranged on the sealing plate 905 penetrates through the reinforcing sleeve 910 to be connected with the sliding block 903; when the sliding block 903 is positioned above the bayonet of the card sampling cylinder 9 at the bottom of the positioning channel 14 in operation (see fig. 2 and 7), the closing plate 905 is opened when sampling is carried out without any external force, and after sampling is finished, the sampling cylinder 9 descends to enable the sliding block slot 902 to continuously descend, so that the sliding block 903 is pushed against the corresponding sliding block slot 902 to move upwards to pull the closing plate 905 to be closed, and therefore, the falling of deposits is prevented. The wall of the sampling cylinder 9 is also provided with a plurality of spring buckles 904, and the number of the sampling cylinders 9 is a plurality, so that the positions of the spring buckles 904 of each sampling cylinder 9 are different, the positioning channel 14 is also provided with a notch 38 corresponding to the position of the spring buckle 904, the design aims to facilitate the spring buckles 904 to pass through the notches 38 and then to be locked with the hanging rings 15 at different positions on the chuck 16, and each sampling cylinder 9 is ensured to be buckled with the corresponding hanging ring, so that the sampling cylinder can be pulled up directly after later separation.
Still install chuck 16 on base 36, the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of constant head tanks 40 that correspond with breach 38 axle center position in the chuck 16, the symmetry is equipped with spring card pearl 17 in the constant head tank 40, and the cross-section of rings 15 is the arc structure of indent, locks it in constant head tank 40 through spring card pearl 17 card in the centre of the arc structure of rings 15, and spring card pearl 17 is elastic, locks rings 15 at first, receives the continued downward thrust of sampler barrel 9 after rings 15 and the snak link 904 of sampler barrel 9 is buckled, and rings 15 just breaks away from the chuck like this. The lifting ring 15 is connected with a pulling rope 43, and the pulling rope 43 is collected on the spacing disc 5 and then extends to the deck.
Based on the structure, the invention also provides a method for sampling the offshore marine water quality and sediments, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) setting a mark on the steel wire rope 6, winding and unwinding the steel wire rope 6 through a steel wire rope winding and unwinding device on a survey ship deck, recording the unwinding length, simultaneously locking a sealing cover 705 through a screw 713, opening an outer barrel sleeve 34, placing a sampling barrel 9 in a positioning channel 14 for clamping, during installation, paying attention to the fact that a spring fastener 904 corresponds to a notch 38, at the moment, a first clamping ball 13 is clamped in a ball groove 901, and a sliding block 903 is positioned above a bayonet at the bottom of the positioning channel 14;
2) detecting the tightness, putting the sampling structure into water by using a steel wire rope 6, pulling up and recovering after 5-10 minutes, checking an observation window 708 to check whether water permeates into a water taking tank 707 and a water taking tank 709, and if the water permeates into the water taking tank 707 and the water taking tank 709, carrying out maintenance, and if the water permeates into the water taking tank 709, carrying out the next step;
3) the sampling structure is lowered into the water through the steel wire rope 6, the lowering distance is recorded, and when the set water level is reached, the suspension is suspended for 5-10 minutes, and in the process: the computer control data control line 712 on the deck controls the corresponding electromagnetic valve 701 to be opened, so that the water sample of the water level layer enters the water inlet cavity 710 through the water inlet pipe sleeve 703 and then flows into the water taking tank 709, and then the electromagnetic valve 701 is closed;
4) continuously repeating the step 3), gradually lowering the sampling structure to different water layers through the steel wire rope 6, and respectively sampling;
5) when the sampling structure arrives the seabed and lands, through signal line control pneumatic cylinder 10 pushing down, promote the sampler barrel 9 and push down, the sampler barrel 9 is squeezed into in the earth with the deposit intercept section of thick bamboo, at this in-process: when the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 is contacted with the sediment to open the sealing plate 905, the sediment is cut into the cylinder, the sampling cylinder 9 continuously descends at the moment, when the sampling cylinder reaches a certain position, the spring button 904 on the sampling cylinder 9 firstly passes through the corresponding notch 38 and then is clamped into the hanging ring 15 which is preset in the positioning groove 40 in advance, and when the hydraulic cylinder I10 continues to press downwards, the hanging ring 15 is driven to be separated from the spring clamping bead 17 which clamps the hanging ring 15; meanwhile, the sliding block 903 in the sliding block groove 902 is pushed by the bottom of the positioning channel 14 when the sampling cylinder 9 descends to a set distance, when the sampling cylinder 9 continues to descend, the sliding block 903 is stationary, and the sliding block groove 902 moves downwards along with the sampling cylinder 9, so that the sliding block 903 moves upwards in the sliding block groove 902 to drive the steel wire rope II 906 to be tensioned, the sealing plate 905 closes the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 to prevent sediment from falling out, and because the sliding block groove 902 has a slope, when the sliding block 903 moves upwards to the top of the sliding block groove 902, the sliding block 903 does not sink into the sliding block groove 902 and does not protrude; the hydraulic cylinder I10 is pressed down continuously to enable the sampling cylinder 9 to be separated from the sampling structure through the chuck 16;
6) based on the step 5), pulling the lifting ring 15 through the pull rope 43 to pull the sampling cylinder 9 out of the deposition layer and pull the sampling cylinder back to the deck of the ship for collection;
7) if the sampling is to be continued, the ship is shifted and then is put down and landed after the steel wire rope 6 is pulled up for a short distance, the motor 8 drives the turntable 11 to rotate for one station, the next sampling cylinder 9 which is not sampled enters the position below the hydraulic cylinder I10, and then the steps 5-6) are repeated for sampling again;
8) after the sampling is finished, the deck is recovered through the steel wire rope 6, the screw 713 is detached, the sealing cover 705 and the lower sealing cover 711 are taken down, and the water sample in the water taking tank 709 is taken out and collected.
Example 2
The embodiment provides another water taking mode, and other structures and principles are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
As shown in the figure, offshore ocean water quality and sediment sampling structure, including outer barrel casing 34, outer barrel casing 34 is the mutual hasp formation of 2 semicylinders, and the bottom of outer barrel casing 34 is connected with base 36 through adjusting pole 3, be connected with bellows cover 2 between outer barrel casing 34 and the base 36. The roller I1 is installed on the base 36, the base 36 is used for supporting the device to land on a seabed settled layer, and meanwhile, the searchlight and the camera are further arranged on the base 36, so that the working process can be monitored when the device works.
An upper cylinder sleeve 37 is connected above the outer cylinder sleeve 34, steel wire ropes 6 are connected to the upper cylinder sleeve 37, and spacing discs 5 are uniformly distributed on the steel wire ropes 6; the side edge of the upper cylinder sleeve 37 is movably provided with a water taking device 4. The section of the water taking device 4 is rectangular or circular, the water taking device 4 comprises an outer sleeve 408, the outer sleeve 408 and a water taking barrel 401 are both made of transparent plastics, so that the tightness can be checked, a hydraulic cylinder II 404 is installed in the outer sleeve 408, the water taking barrel 401 is installed on the hydraulic cylinder II 404, partition bins are uniformly distributed in the water taking barrel 401, a water inlet opening 403 is formed in each partition bin, and a sealing sheet 405 which is pushed by a compression spring 406 to close and block the water inlet opening 403 is further installed in the water taking barrel 401; a barrier strip 402 for blocking the sealing sheet 405 is installed on the inner wall surface of the outer sealing sleeve 408, and a sealing ring III 407 is further arranged at a gap between the top of the outer sealing sleeve 408 and the water taking cylinder 401 to improve sealing performance. The second hydraulic cylinder 404 is connected with a third data control line which is connected with a computer, and the line is also bound together with the steel wire rope 6 and is up and down at the same time.
In use, the water intake cartridge 401 is inside the outer sealing sleeve 408, and the sealing sheet 405 is blocked by the barrier strip 402 and is not closed, i.e. the water intake opening 403 is opened.
A motor 8 is installed in the outer cylinder sleeve 34, the motor 8 is connected to the inner top surface of the outer cylinder sleeve 34 and fixed, the motor 8 is a PLC (programmable logic controller) control motor, the motor 8 is connected with a power supply line group and a control line and is connected with a power supply and a computer on a ship deck, a rotary table 11 is connected below the motor 8, positioning channels 14 are uniformly distributed on the rotary table 11, clamping blocks 12 are installed on the positioning channels 14, and first clamping beads 13 are installed on the clamping blocks 12; the sampling tube 9 is arranged in the positioning channel 14; a first hydraulic cylinder 10 is installed in the upper cylinder sleeve 37, and a top piston of the first hydraulic cylinder 10 is communicated with the upper part of the positioning channel 14 in the outer cylinder sleeve 34; the first clamping bead 13 is clamped into the ball groove 901 of the sampling tube 9 to fix the sampling tube 9. The first hydraulic cylinder 10 is also provided with a control circuit which is connected with the computer, and the control circuit is bound together with the steel wire rope 6 and is arranged up and down at the same time.
The wall of the sampling cylinder 9 is provided with a ball groove 901 and a sliding block groove 902 for clamping a first clamping ball 13, the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 is sleeved with a reinforcing sleeve 910, the sliding block groove 902 is a slope-shaped groove, the slope gradually deepens from the bottom to the top, a sliding block 903 is arranged in the sliding block groove 902, the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 is hinged with a sealing plate 905, two rollers 907 are arranged on the reinforcing sleeve 910 on two sides of the sealing plate 905, and a steel wire rope 906 arranged on the sealing plate 905 penetrates through the reinforcing sleeve 910 to be connected with the sliding block 903; when the sliding block 903 is positioned above the bayonet of the card sampling cylinder 9 at the bottom of the positioning channel 14 in operation (see fig. 2 and 7), the closing plate 905 is opened when sampling is carried out without any external force, and after sampling is finished, the sampling cylinder 9 descends to enable the sliding block slot 902 to continuously descend, so that the sliding block 903 is pushed against the corresponding sliding block slot 902 to move upwards to pull the closing plate 905 to be closed, and therefore, the falling of deposits is prevented. The wall of the sampling cylinder 9 is also provided with a plurality of spring buckles 904, and the number of the sampling cylinders 9 is a plurality, so that the positions of the spring buckles 904 of each sampling cylinder 9 are different, the positioning channel 14 is also provided with a notch 38 corresponding to the position of the spring buckle 904, the design aims to facilitate the spring buckles 904 to pass through the notches 38 and then to be locked with the hanging rings 15 at different positions on the chuck 16, and each sampling cylinder 9 is ensured to be buckled with the corresponding hanging ring, so that the sampling cylinder can be pulled up directly after later separation.
Still install chuck 16 on base 36, the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of constant head tanks 40 that correspond with breach 38 axle center position in the chuck 16, the symmetry is equipped with spring card pearl 17 in the constant head tank 40, and the cross-section of rings 15 is the arc structure of indent, locks it in constant head tank 40 through spring card pearl 17 card in the centre of the arc structure of rings 15, and spring card pearl 17 is elastic, locks rings 15 at first, receives the continued downward thrust of sampler barrel 9 after rings 15 and the snak link 904 of sampler barrel 9 is buckled, and rings 15 just breaks away from the chuck like this. The lifting ring 15 is connected with a pulling rope 43, and the pulling rope 43 is collected on the spacing disc 5 and then extends to the deck.
Based on the structure, the invention also provides a method for sampling the offshore marine water quality and sediments, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) setting a mark on the steel wire rope 6, winding and unwinding the steel wire rope 6 by a steel wire rope winding and unwinding device on a survey ship deck, recording the unwinding length, opening the outer sleeve 34, placing the sampling tube 9 in the positioning channel 14 for clamping, paying attention to the fact that the spring button 904 corresponds to the notch 38 during installation, clamping the first clamping bead 13 into the ball groove 901 at the moment, and positioning the sliding block 903 above the bayonet at the bottom of the positioning channel 14;
2) detecting the tightness, putting the sampling structure into water by using a steel wire rope 6, pulling up and recovering after 5-10 minutes, checking whether water permeates into the water taking device 4, and if so, carrying out maintenance, and if not, carrying out the next step;
3) the sampling structure is lowered into the water through the steel wire rope 6, the lowering distance is recorded, and when the set water level is reached, the suspension is suspended for 5-10 minutes, and in the process: the hydraulic cylinder II 404 is controlled by a computer on the deck to ascend for a process, so that the water taking cylinder 401 is pushed to eject the outer sleeve 408 upwards, the layer of water sample enters the separation bin, the sealing plate 405 is also automatically rebounded after losing the restraint of the barrier strip 402 to close and block the water inlet opening 403, and sampling is finished;
4) continuously repeating the step 3), gradually lowering the sampling structure to different water layers through the steel wire rope 6, and respectively sampling;
5) when the sampling structure arrives the seabed and lands, through signal line control pneumatic cylinder 10 pushing down, promote the sampler barrel 9 and push down, the sampler barrel 9 is squeezed into in the earth with the deposit intercept section of thick bamboo, at this in-process: when the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 is contacted with the sediment to open the sealing plate 905, the sediment is cut into the cylinder, the sampling cylinder 9 continuously descends at the moment, when the sampling cylinder reaches a certain position, the spring button 904 on the sampling cylinder 9 firstly passes through the corresponding notch 38 and then is clamped into the hanging ring 15 which is preset in the positioning groove 40 in advance, and when the hydraulic cylinder I10 continues to press downwards, the hanging ring 15 is driven to be separated from the spring clamping bead 17 which clamps the hanging ring 15; meanwhile, the sliding block 903 in the sliding block groove 902 is pushed by the bottom of the positioning channel 14 when the sampling cylinder 9 descends to a set distance, when the sampling cylinder 9 continues to descend, the sliding block 903 is stationary, and the sliding block groove 902 moves downwards along with the sampling cylinder 9, so that the sliding block 903 moves upwards in the sliding block groove 902 to drive the steel wire rope II 906 to be tensioned, the sealing plate 905 closes the bottom of the sampling cylinder 9 to prevent sediment from falling out, and because the sliding block groove 902 has a slope, when the sliding block 903 moves upwards to the top of the sliding block groove 902, the sliding block 903 does not sink into the sliding block groove 902 and does not protrude; the hydraulic cylinder I10 is pressed down continuously to enable the sampling cylinder 9 to be separated from the sampling structure through the chuck 16;
6) based on the step 5), pulling the lifting ring 15 through the pull rope 43 to pull the sampling cylinder 9 out of the deposition layer and pull the sampling cylinder back to the deck of the ship for collection;
7) if the sampling is to be continued, the ship is shifted and then is put down and landed after the steel wire rope 6 is pulled up for a short distance, the motor 8 drives the turntable 11 to rotate for one station, the next sampling cylinder 9 which is not sampled enters the position below the hydraulic cylinder I10, and then the steps 5-6) are repeated for sampling again;
8) after the sample is accomplished, retrieve whole sample structure through wire rope 6 and meet the deck, take off water intake device 4 is whole to water sample takes out in will dividing the storehouse and collects together.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure, which comprises an outer cylinder sleeve (34), wherein the outer cylinder sleeve (34) is formed by 2 semi-cylinders through mutual lock catches, the bottom of the outer cylinder sleeve (34) is connected with a base (36) through an adjusting rod (3), the base (36) is provided with a roller I (1), and the offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure is characterized in that,
an upper barrel sleeve (37) is connected above the outer barrel sleeve (34), steel wire ropes (6) are connected to the upper barrel sleeve (37), and spacing discs (5) are uniformly distributed on the steel wire ropes (6); the cylinder edge of the outer cylinder sleeve (34) is uniformly provided with water taking structures (700), the water taking structures (700) comprise water taking grooves (707), a water taking tank (709) is arranged in the water taking tank (707), a sealing cover (705) which is locked on the outer cylinder sleeve (34) through a screw (713) is arranged above the water taking tank (709), the sealing cover (705) is connected with a lower sealing cover (711) through a middle column (706), a water inlet cavity channel (710) is arranged between the sealing cover (705) and the lower sealing cover (711), a water inlet pipe sleeve (703) is arranged on the side wall surface of the outer cylinder sleeve (34) and communicated with the water inlet cavity channel (710), the water taking tank (709) is provided with a connecting port which is communicated with the water inlet cavity channel (710), an electromagnetic valve (701) is installed on the water inlet pipe sleeve (703), a data control line (712) is arranged on the electromagnetic valve (701) and is connected with a computer on the upper surface of a ship deck, and an observation window (708) is also installed on the side edge of the water taking tank (707);
a motor (8) is installed in the outer cylinder sleeve (34), the motor (8) is connected with the inner top surface of the outer cylinder sleeve (34) and fixed, a rotary table (11) is connected below the motor (8), positioning channels (14) are uniformly distributed on the rotary table (11), clamping blocks (12) are installed on the positioning channels (14), and first clamping beads (13) are installed on the clamping blocks (12); the sampling cylinder (9) is arranged in the positioning channel (14); a first hydraulic cylinder (10) is installed in the upper cylinder sleeve (37), and a top piston of the first hydraulic cylinder (10) is communicated with the upper part of the inner positioning channel (14) of the outer cylinder sleeve (34);
the wall of the sampling cylinder (9) is provided with a ball groove (901) and a sliding block groove (902) for clamping a clamping ball I (13), the bottom of the sampling cylinder (9) is sleeved with a reinforcing sleeve (910), the sliding block groove (902) is a slope-shaped groove, the slope gradually deepens from the bottom to the top, a sliding block (903) is arranged in the sliding block groove (902), the bottom of the sampling cylinder (9) is hinged with a sealing plate (905), the reinforcing sleeves (910) on the two sides of the sealing plate (905) are provided with two rollers (907), and a steel wire rope II (906) arranged on the sealing plate (905) penetrates through the reinforcing sleeve (910) to be connected with the sliding block (903); the wall of the sampling tube (9) is also provided with a spring buckle (904), and the positioning channel (14) is also provided with a notch (38) corresponding to the position of the spring buckle (904); still install chuck (16) on base (36), the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of constant head tanks (40) that correspond with breach (38) axle center position in chuck (16), constant head tank (40) internal symmetry is equipped with spring card pearl (17), and the cross-section of rings (15) is the arc structure of indent, locks it in constant head tank (40) through spring card pearl (17) card in the centre of the arc structure of rings (15), rings (15) are connected with stay cord (43), and stay cord (43) are put together and are extended to the deck after on spacer disc (5).
2. Offshore marine water and sediment sampling structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a bellows (2) is connected between the outer sleeve (34) and the base (36).
3. The offshore marine water quality and sediment sampling structure of claim 1, wherein a first sealing washer (704) is arranged between the sealing cover (705) and the outer cylinder sleeve (34), and a second sealing washer is arranged between the water inlet pipe sleeve (703) and the side wall surface of the outer cylinder sleeve (34).
4. A sampling method using the offshore marine water and sediment sampling structure of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) setting a mark on a steel wire rope (6), winding and unwinding the steel wire rope (6) through a steel wire rope winding and unwinding device on a survey ship deck, recording the lowering length, locking a sealing cover (705) by using a screw (713), opening an outer barrel sleeve (34), placing a sampling barrel (9) in a positioning channel (14) for clamping, paying attention to that a spring fastener (904) corresponds to a gap (38) during installation, clamping a first clamping bead (13) in a ball groove (901), and positioning a sliding block (903) on a bayonet at the bottom of the positioning channel (14);
2) detecting the tightness, putting the sampling structure into water by using a steel wire rope (6), pulling up and recovering after 5-10 minutes, checking an observation window (708) to check whether water permeates into a water taking tank (707) and a water taking tank (709), and if the water permeates into the water taking tank and the water taking tank, carrying out maintenance, and if the water permeates into the water taking tank and the water taking tank, carrying out the next step;
3) the sampling structure is lowered into the water through a steel wire rope (6), the lowering distance is recorded, and when the set water level is reached, the sampling structure is hovered for 5-10 minutes, and in the process: the computer control data control line (712) on the deck controls the corresponding electromagnetic valve (701) to open, so that the water sample of the water level layer enters the water inlet cavity channel (710) through the water inlet pipe sleeve (703) and then flows into the water taking tank (709), and then the electromagnetic valve (701) is closed;
4) continuously repeating the step 3), and gradually lowering the sampling structure to different water layers through the steel wire rope (6) for sampling respectively;
5) when the sampling structure arrives the seabed and lands, through signal line control pneumatic cylinder (10) push down, promote sampler barrel (9) and push down, in sampler barrel (9) are squeezed into soil and are cut into a section of thick bamboo with the deposit, at this in-process: when the bottom of the sampling cylinder (9) is in contact with the sediment to open the sealing plate (905), the sediment is cut into the sampling cylinder, the sampling cylinder (9) continuously descends, when a certain position is reached, a spring buckle (904) on the sampling cylinder (9) firstly passes through a corresponding notch (38) and then is clamped into a lifting ring (15) preset in a positioning groove (40) in advance, and when a hydraulic cylinder I (10) continues to be pressed down, the lifting ring (15) is driven to be separated from a spring clamping bead (17) clamping the lifting ring; meanwhile, a sliding block (903) in a sliding block groove (902) is pushed by the bottom of the positioning channel (14) when the sampling cylinder (9) descends to a set distance, when the sampling cylinder (9) continues to descend, the sliding block (903) is still, the sliding block groove (902) moves downwards along with the sampling cylinder (9), so that the sliding block (903) moves upwards in the sliding block groove (902) to drive a steel wire rope II (906) to be tensioned, a sealing plate (905) closes the bottom of the sampling cylinder (9), sediment is prevented from falling out, and the sliding block groove (902) has a slope and is not protruded when the sliding block (903) moves upwards to the top of the sliding block groove (902); the hydraulic cylinder I (10) is continuously pressed down to enable the sampling cylinder (9) to pass through the chuck (16) and be separated from the sampling structure;
6) based on the step 5), pulling the lifting ring (15) through the pull rope (43) to pull the sampling cylinder (9) out of the deposition layer and pull the sampling cylinder back to the deck of the ship for collection;
7) if the sampling is to be continued, the ship is shifted and then is put down and landed after the steel wire rope (6) is pulled up for a short distance, the motor (8) drives the rotary table (11) to rotate for a station, the next sampling cylinder (9) which is not sampled enters the position below the hydraulic cylinder I (10), and then the steps 5) -6 are repeated for sampling again;
8) after sampling, the whole sampling structure is recovered to the deck through a steel wire rope (6), a screw (713) is detached, a sealing cover (705) and a lower sealing cover (711) are detached, and a water sample in a water taking tank (709) is taken out and collected.
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| CN110095313B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2024-01-30 | 浙江海洋大学 | Multi-point sampling device for offshore water quality and sediment and sampling method thereof |
| CN110530677B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-09-21 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Marine geological sediment sampling structure |
| CN112644668B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-06-07 | 刘志宏 | Sediment capturing equipment for marine environment monitoring |
| CN114322941B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-07-29 | 武汉武桥检测工程有限公司 | Seabed detection equipment with collision avoidance function |
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