CN105136518A - Cylindrical layered dredge and method for collecting underwater sludge - Google Patents
Cylindrical layered dredge and method for collecting underwater sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136518A CN105136518A CN201510626846.0A CN201510626846A CN105136518A CN 105136518 A CN105136518 A CN 105136518A CN 201510626846 A CN201510626846 A CN 201510626846A CN 105136518 A CN105136518 A CN 105136518A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cylindrical layered dredge and a method for collecting underwater sludge. An existing dredge is not suitable for collecting the underwater sludge. Therefore, a glass sampling pipe is additionally arranged in an elastic open pipe shovel of the cylindrical layered dredge, a piston cover and a conical check valve are additionally arranged on the glass sampling pipe, and a glabrous hollow sphere is arranged in the conical check valve. In the process that the dredge is inserted into the underwater sludge, the conical check valve is automatically closed, when the dredge is pulled out, the sludge is carried out of water along with the glass sampling pipe, and samples in the glass sampling pipe can be extruded layer by layer by utilizing the piston cover. The cylindrical layered dredge and the method for collecting the underwater sludge have the advantages of scientific structure and convenience in use, can be used for precisely layering and sampling the sludge and is suitable for being used by various water conservancy, waterworks, fishery and environmental protection supervision departments and research units.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of column soil stratified sampling device and collection underwater mud thereof.
Background technology
Along with economic development, the production of people, live increasing to the demand at water source, the activity of people is simultaneously polluted natural water areas such as inland river, lake, bays, it is increasing to affect.Water quality is all being reflected on underwater mud over the years, timing acquiring, analyzes the most direct method that underwater mud is monitoring water quality year, season change.
Existing bottom sampler mostly is " Luoyang Spade " of similar archaeology, and its structure is only suitable for land sampling, and existing bottom sampler inserts underwater mud, and mud when extracting in bottom sampler can not normally be taken out of, is not suitable for gathering underwater mud.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the above-mentioned defect how overcoming prior art, provides a kind of method of column soil stratified sampling device and collection underwater mud thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, this column soil stratified sampling device comprises open tube shovel, handle, piston cap and one or more glass stopple coupon, wherein open tube shovel xsect is c-shaped, be made up of elastic metallic sheet material, its lower end is socket of cutting sth. askew, its opening both sides outer wall is welded with U-shaped handle respectively, its top is provided with a C shape top board, this C shape top board overall diameter is more than or equal to open tube shovel overall diameter in its natural state, have central through hole and a breach, form C shape structure, along withstanding on C shape top board lower surface on described open tube shovel top, along being welded and fixed in part, form fixing edge, fixing along fusion length with all on be R along the ratio of girth, and 1/2≤R≤1/3, a long montant and a short montant is fixedly connected with below described handle, long montant lower weld is being fixed along on the C shape top board of side, and along open tube shovel lateral wall to downward-extension, short montant lower end is welded in C shape cover top surface, and away from fixing edge, described glass stopple coupon is a cylindrical glass tube, its overall diameter is than open tube shovel large 3 ~ 5 millimeters of interior diameter in its natural state, its length≤open tube shovel axial length, described piston cap comprises a piston plate, this piston plate excircle opens front annular groove, and cover has O-ring seals, can insert in glass stopple coupon, O-ring seals and glass stopple coupon inwall close contact, and hermetic seal, described piston plate center has through hole, this through-hole wall upwards extends an arm, this arm is connected with a cone shaped one-way valve, this cone shaped one-way valve comprises Taper Pipe and capping, capping is enclosed within the large end of Taper Pipe, its inside is provided with a bright and clean hollow ball, this hollow ball overall diameter is greater than the end diameter of described Taper Pipe, be less than and sphere diameter tangent while of Taper Pipe and capping inside surface, its average density is 1.02 ~ 1.05 grams/cm
2, capping has multiple through hole.Design like this, bottom sampler is inserted through in journey under underwater mud, water through glass stopple coupon and cone shaped one-way valve to outflow, after insertion puts in place, slowly pull up, hollow ball is by gravity and refluence water mitigation, automatic closedown, by vacuum influence, mud takes the water surface out of with glass stopple coupon.Then, glass stopple coupon and piston cap are taken out from open tube shovel, piston cap just can be utilized successively to be extruded by the sample in glass stopple coupon.
As optimization, described capping has center and has tapped through hole, and be furnished with a screw rod, described hollow ball can be pressed on Taper Pipe by this screw rod.Design like this, open tube shovel mention from the water surface after, first hold out against hollow ball with screw rod, just cone shaped one-way valve can be closed, both made glass stopple coupon tilt like this, the mud sample of its inside also can not skid off.
The present invention utilizes aforementioned column soil stratified sampling device to gather the method for water-bed what mud, comprises the steps:
1.. get piston cap, filled in one end of a glass stopple coupon, and arm and cone shaped one-way valve are exposed;
2.. people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle of the opening both sides of open tube shovel respectively, pull open to both sides, make the enlarged open that open tube shovels, the glass stopple coupon of the band piston cap that 1. step installs by another people puts into open tube shovel, arm is made to snap in the central through hole of C shape top board from the indentation, there of C shape top board, and make glass stopple coupon withstand on the lower surface of C shape top board, then two U-shaped handles are unclamped, open tube is shoveled shrink, nature clamping glass stopple coupon, with tether or iron wire by two U-shaped handle tightens;
3.. stand on bank or ship, by handle or long montant or short montant, open tube shovel is inserted in underwater mud straight down together with glass stopple coupon, under be inserted through in journey, be introduced into the water upwardly hollow ball of glass stopple coupon, finally discharge from the through hole capping;
4.. open tube shovel inserts underwater mud after predetermined depth, and stop lower inserting, hollow ball is affected by gravity sinking, gets lodged on Taper Pipe, and now, hand-held handle or long montant or short montant, upwards pull out, open tube shovel is pulled up the water surface together with glass stopple coupon and mud;
5.. rotary screw, its hollow ball is made to withstand on Taper Pipe, after cone shaped one-way valve is closed, one people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle of the opening both sides of open tube shovel respectively, pull open to both sides, make the enlarged open that open tube shovels, glass stopple coupon takes out from open tube shovel together with piston cap and cone shaped one-way valve by another people;
6.. one holds glass stopple coupon, and another holds cone shaped one-way valve or arm, or hand-held vast sky core bar pushes up pressure piston cap downwards, is successively extruded by mud in glass stopple coupon.Design like this, sampling is convenient, the most important thing is mud in glass stopple coupon successively to be extruded, its interlayer structure not chaotic.
The method of column soil stratified sampling device of the present invention and collection underwater mud thereof has scientific structure, advantage easy to use, can carry out accurate mud stratified sampling, is suitable for various water conservancy, water utilities, fishery, environmental protection supervision department, R&D institution's use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Be described further below in conjunction with the method for accompanying drawing to column soil stratified sampling device of the present invention and collection underwater mud thereof:
Fig. 1 is the modular construction schematic diagram such as this column soil stratified sampling device embodiment one open tube shovel, handle, long montant, short montant and piston cap;
Fig. 2 is that open tube described in Fig. 1 shovels the view be opened;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of piston cap and cone shaped one-way valve;
Fig. 4 is the view of glass stopple coupon;
Fig. 5 is the assembled state schematic diagram of piston cap, cone shaped one-way valve and glass stopple coupon;
Fig. 6 is the view that piston cap and glass stopple coupon are placed into open tube shovel;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of this column soil stratified sampling device embodiment two;
Fig. 8 is slotting state cross-sectional view under the sampling of the soil stratified sampling device of column shown in Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 be the soil stratified sampling device of column shown in Fig. 7 on pull out state cross-sectional view;
Figure 10 is the view that the soil stratified sampling device of column shown in 7 extracts the water surface;
Figure 11 is the stratified sampling schematic diagram () of the soil stratified sampling device of column shown in 7;
Figure 12 is the stratified sampling schematic diagram (two) of the soil stratified sampling device of column shown in 7.
In figure: 1 be long montant for open tube shovel, 2 be handle, 21,22 be short montant, 3 be piston cap, 31 be piston plate, 32 be O-ring seals, 33 be arm, 4 be glass stopple coupon, 5 be U-shaped handle, 6 for through hole, 8 centered by C shape top board, 7 be breach, 9 for fixing along, 10 be cone shaped one-way valve, 101 be Taper Pipe, 102 be capping, 103 be hollow ball, 104 be screw rod, 11 be pull bar.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: as shown in figs. 1-7, this column soil stratified sampling device comprises open tube shovel 1, handle 2, piston cap 3 and one or more glass stopple coupon 4, wherein to shovel 1 xsect c-shaped for open tube, be made up of elastic metallic sheet material, its lower end is socket of cutting sth. askew, its opening both sides outer wall is welded with U-shaped handle 5 respectively, its top is provided with a C shape top board 6, this C shape top board 6 overall diameter is more than or equal to the overall diameter of open tube shovel 1 under state of nature (namely not by external force state), and have central through hole 7 and a breach 8, form C shape structure, described open tube shovels on 1 top along withstanding on C shape top board 6 lower surface, along being welded and fixed in part, form fixing edge, fixing along fusion length with all on be R along the ratio of girth, and 1/2≤R≤1/3, long montant 21 and a short montant 22 is fixedly connected with below described handle 2, long montant 21 lower weld is being fixed along on the C shape top board 6 of 9 sides, and shovel the lateral wall of 1 to downward-extension along open tube, short montant 22 lower end is welded on C shape top board 6 upper surface, and away from fixing edge, described glass stopple coupon 4 is a cylindrical glass tube, its overall diameter is than open tube shovel 1 large 3 ~ 5 millimeters of interior diameter in its natural state, the axial length of its length≤open tube shovel 1, described piston cap 3 comprises a piston plate 31, this piston plate 31 excircle opens front annular groove, and cover has O-ring seals 32, can insert in glass stopple coupon 4, O-ring seals 32 and glass stopple coupon 4 inwall close contact, and hermetic seal, described piston plate 3 center has through hole, this through-hole wall upwards extends an arm 33, this arm 33 is connected with a cone shaped one-way valve 10, this cone shaped one-way valve 10 comprises Taper Pipe 101 and capping 102, capping 102 is enclosed within the large end of Taper Pipe 101, its inside is provided with a bright and clean hollow ball 103, this hollow ball 103 overall diameter is greater than the end diameter of described Taper Pipe 102, be less than and sphere diameter tangent while of Taper Pipe 101 and capping 102 inside surface, its average density is 1.02 ~ 1.05 grams/cm2, capping 102 has multiple through hole.
As illustrated in figs. 8-12, described capping 102 has center and has tapped through hole, and be furnished with a screw rod 104, described hollow ball 103 can be pressed on Taper Pipe 101 by this screw rod 104.
Utilize the column soil stratified sampling device described in embodiment one to gather the method for water-bed what mud, comprise the steps:
1.. get piston cap 3, filled in one end of a glass stopple coupon 4, and arm 33 and cone shaped one-way valve 10 are exposed, as shown in Figure 5.
2.. people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle 5 of the opening both sides of open tube shovel 1 respectively, pull open to both sides, open tube is made to shovel the enlarged open of 1, the glass stopple coupon 4 of the band piston cap 3 that 1. step installs by another people puts into open tube shovel 1, arm 33 is made to snap in the central through hole 7 of C shape top board 6 from the indentation, there of C shape top board 6, and make glass stopple coupon 4 withstand on the lower surface of C shape top board 6, as shown in Figure 6.Then unclamp two U-shaped handles 5, make open tube shovel 1 and shrink, natural clamping glass stopple coupon 4, with tether or iron wire by two U-shaped handle 5 tightens.
3.. stand on bank or ship, by handle 2 or long montant 21 or short montant 22, open tube shovel 1 is inserted in underwater mud straight down together with glass stopple coupon 4, under be inserted through in journey, be introduced into the water upwardly hollow ball 103 of glass stopple coupon 4, finally discharge from the through hole capping 102;
4.. open tube shovel 1 inserts underwater mud after predetermined depth, and stop lower inserting, hollow ball 103 is affected by gravity sinking, get lodged on Taper Pipe 101, then hand-held handle 2 or long montant 21 or short montant, slowly upwards pull out, and open tube shovel 1 is pulled up the water surface together with glass stopple coupon 4 and mud;
5.. rotary screw 104, its hollow ball 103 is made to withstand on Taper Pipe 101, after cone shaped one-way valve 10 is closed, remove the tether between two U-shaped handles 5 or iron wire, one people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle 5 of the opening both sides of open tube shovel 1 respectively, pull open to both sides, make open tube shovel the enlarged open of 1, glass stopple coupon 4 takes out from open tube shovel 1 together with piston cap 3 and cone shaped one-way valve 10 by another people;
6.. one holds glass stopple coupon 4, and another holds cone shaped one-way valve 10 or arm 33, or hand-held vast sky core bar pushes up pressure piston cap 3 downwards, is successively extruded by mud in glass stopple coupon 4, as shown in Figure 11,12.
Embodiment two: open tube shovels 1 bottom and has a pair opposing through-bores, be inserted with pull bar 11 (or bracing wire) in this through hole, pull bar 11 (or bracing wire) is through the axis heart of glass stopple coupon 4, and remaining part or structure are as described in embodiment 1, slightly, as is seen in figs 7-10.
Embodiment three: described glass stopple coupon 4 comprises window portion and frosted glass portion, wherein state glass stopple coupon window portion surfaces externally and internally clear transparent, the inside surface in frosted glass portion is ground glass surface, and as described in embodiment 1, figure slightly for remaining part or structure.
Utilize the column soil stratified sampling device described in embodiment two or three to gather the method for water-bed what mud, comprise the steps:
1.. get piston cap 3, filled in one end of a glass stopple coupon 4, and arm 33 and cone shaped one-way valve 10 are exposed, as shown in Figure 5.
2.. people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle 5 of the opening both sides of open tube shovel 1 respectively, pull open to both sides, open tube is made to shovel the enlarged open of 1, the glass stopple coupon 4 of the band piston cap 3 that 1. step installs by another people puts into open tube shovel 1, arm 33 is made to snap in the central through hole 7 of C shape top board 6 from the breach 8 of C shape top board 6, and make glass stopple coupon 4 withstand on the lower surface of C shape top board 6, then two U-shaped handles 5 are unclamped, make open tube shovel 1 to shrink, nature clamping glass stopple coupon 4, with tether or iron wire by two U-shaped handle 5 tightens; Meanwhile, pull bar 11 (or bracing wire) is shoveled in the relative through hole in 1 bottom from open tube and passes, and tighten, meanwhile, make pull bar 11 (or bracing wire) hold glass stopple coupon 4 times edges.
3.. stand on bank or ship, by handle 2 or long montant 21 or short montant 22, open tube shovel 1 is inserted in underwater mud straight down together with glass stopple coupon 4, under be inserted through in journey, be introduced into the water upwardly hollow ball 103 of glass stopple coupon 4, finally discharge from the through hole capping 102;
4.. open tube shovel 1 inserts underwater mud after predetermined depth, stop lower inserting, hollow ball 103 is affected by gravity sinking, get lodged on Taper Pipe 101, so rotating handles 2 gently, make open tube shovel 2 and the pull bar 11 (or bracing wire) of its underpart revolve turnback around glass stopple coupon 4, then hand-held handle 2 or long montant 21 or short montant 22, upwards pull out, open tube shovel 1 is pulled up the water surface together with glass stopple coupon 4 and mud; Pull bar 11 (or bracing wire) can be utilized like this to be cut off with connecting of water-bed earth by mud sample in glass stopple coupon 4, facilitate underwater mud to take out.
5.. rotary screw 104, its hollow ball is made to withstand on Taper Pipe 101, after cone shaped one-way valve 10 is closed, remove the tether between pull bar 11 (or bracing wire) and two U-shaped handles 5 or iron wire, one people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle 5 of the opening both sides of open tube shovel 1 respectively, pull open to both sides, make open tube shovel the enlarged open of 1, glass stopple coupon 4 takes out from open tube shovel 1 together with piston cap 3 and cone shaped one-way valve 10 by another people;
6.. one holds glass stopple coupon 4, and another holds cone shaped one-way valve 10 or arm 33, or hand-held vast sky core bar pushes up pressure piston cap 3 downwards, is successively extruded by mud in glass stopple coupon 4, as shown in Figure 11,12.
Claims (3)
1. a column soil stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that: comprise open tube shovel, handle, piston cap and one or more glass stopple coupon, wherein open tube shovel xsect is c-shaped, be made up of elastic metallic sheet material, its lower end is socket of cutting sth. askew, its opening both sides outer wall is welded with U-shaped handle respectively, its top is provided with a C shape top board, this C shape top board overall diameter is more than or equal to open tube shovel overall diameter in its natural state, have central through hole and a breach, form C shape structure, along withstanding on C shape top board lower surface on described open tube shovel top, along being welded and fixed in part, form fixing edge, fixing along fusion length with all on be R along the ratio of girth, and 1/2≤R≤1/3, a long montant and a short montant is fixedly connected with below described handle, long montant lower weld is being fixed along on the C shape top board of side, and along open tube shovel lateral wall to downward-extension, short montant lower end is welded in C shape cover top surface, and away from fixing edge, described glass stopple coupon is a cylindrical glass tube, its overall diameter is than open tube shovel large 3 ~ 5 millimeters of interior diameter in its natural state, its length≤open tube shovel axial length, described piston cap comprises a piston plate, this piston plate excircle opens front annular groove, and cover has O-ring seals, can insert in glass stopple coupon, O-ring seals and glass stopple coupon inwall close contact, and hermetic seal, described piston plate center has through hole, this through-hole wall upwards extends an arm, this arm is connected with a cone shaped one-way valve, this cone shaped one-way valve comprises Taper Pipe and capping, capping is enclosed within the large end of Taper Pipe, its inside is provided with a bright and clean hollow ball, this hollow ball overall diameter is greater than the end diameter of described Taper Pipe, be less than and sphere diameter tangent while of Taper Pipe and capping inside surface, its average density is 1.02 ~ 1.05 grams/cm
2, capping has multiple through hole.
2. column soil stratified sampling device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described capping has center and has tapped through hole, and is furnished with a screw rod, and described hollow ball can be pressed on Taper Pipe by this screw rod.
3. utilize the column soil stratified sampling device described in claim 2 to gather the method for underwater mud, comprise the steps:
1.. get piston cap, filled in one end of a glass stopple coupon, and arm and cone shaped one-way valve are exposed;
2.. people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle of the opening both sides of open tube shovel respectively, pull open to both sides, make the enlarged open that open tube shovels, the glass stopple coupon of the band piston cap that 1. step installs by another people puts into open tube shovel, arm is made to snap in the central through hole of C shape top board from the indentation, there of C shape top board, and make glass stopple coupon withstand on the lower surface of C shape top board, then two U-shaped handles are unclamped, open tube is shoveled shrink, nature clamping glass stopple coupon, with tether or iron wire by two U-shaped handle tightens;
3.. stand on bank or ship, by handle or long montant or short montant, open tube shovel is inserted in underwater mud straight down together with glass stopple coupon, under be inserted through in journey, be introduced into the water upwardly hollow ball of glass stopple coupon, finally discharge from the through hole capping;
4.. open tube shovel inserts underwater mud after predetermined depth, and stop lower inserting, hollow ball is affected by gravity sinking, gets lodged on Taper Pipe, and now, hand-held handle or long montant or short montant, upwards pull out, open tube shovel is pulled up the water surface together with glass stopple coupon and mud;
5.. rotary screw, its hollow ball is made to withstand on Taper Pipe, after cone shaped one-way valve is closed, one people's both hands hold the U-shaped handle of the opening both sides of open tube shovel respectively, pull open to both sides, make the enlarged open that open tube shovels, glass stopple coupon takes out from open tube shovel together with piston cap and cone shaped one-way valve by another people;
6.. one holds glass stopple coupon, and another holds cone shaped one-way valve or arm, or hand-held vast sky core bar pushes up pressure piston cap downwards, is successively extruded by mud in glass stopple coupon.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510626846.0A CN105136518B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2015-09-28 | Column soil stratified sampling device and its method for gathering underwater mud |
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| CN201510626846.0A CN105136518B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2015-09-28 | Column soil stratified sampling device and its method for gathering underwater mud |
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| CN105136518A true CN105136518A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| CN105136518B CN105136518B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN105422435A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-23 | 崔金生 | Piston assembly for pressure well |
| CN108387395A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-08-10 | 昆明倍捷科技有限公司 | The adaptive vortex liquid sampler of multipurpose |
| CN108469354A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-08-31 | 东北师范大学 | A kind of device for the sampling of wetland soil |
| CN111044326A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-21 | 中央民族大学 | Portable sediment sampler and using method |
| CN112326310A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Sludge sample collecting device for ecological monitoring and collecting method thereof |
| CN113375977A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Novel column mud sampler device |
| CN116839986A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-03 | 山东省煤田地质局第四勘探队 | River mud collection sampling device |
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| CN111044326A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-21 | 中央民族大学 | Portable sediment sampler and using method |
| CN113375977A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Novel column mud sampler device |
| CN112326310A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Sludge sample collecting device for ecological monitoring and collecting method thereof |
| CN112326310B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2023-11-21 | 华北水利水电大学 | Silt sample collection device for ecological monitoring and collection method thereof |
| CN116839986A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-03 | 山东省煤田地质局第四勘探队 | River mud collection sampling device |
| CN116839986B (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2024-03-19 | 山东省煤田地质局第四勘探队 | River mud collection sampling device |
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| CN105136518B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
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