CN114874888A - Marine phytoplankton sampling structure and sampling method - Google Patents
Marine phytoplankton sampling structure and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114874888A CN114874888A CN202210534108.3A CN202210534108A CN114874888A CN 114874888 A CN114874888 A CN 114874888A CN 202210534108 A CN202210534108 A CN 202210534108A CN 114874888 A CN114874888 A CN 114874888A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/14—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus with filters, sieves or membranes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01D44/00—Harvesting of underwater plants, e.g. harvesting of seaweed
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12Q1/24—Methods of sampling, or inoculating or spreading a sample; Methods of physically isolating an intact microorganisms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sampling structure and a sampling method for marine phytoplankton. The device comprises an introducing component for introducing seawater, and a sampling component which is arranged at one end of the introducing component and is used for layered sampling; the leading-in assembly comprises a shell, a driving piece arranged on the shell, and an auxiliary piece arranged in the shell and connected with the driving piece; the sampling assembly comprises a main cylinder body, one end of the main cylinder body is communicated with the shell, the main cylinder body is surrounded by the main cylinder body central axis annular array and a plurality of sampling cylinders communicated with the main cylinder body, and the sampling cylinders are connected with the main cylinder body through positioning pieces. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a marine phytoplankton sampling structure and a sampling method, and the structure solves the problem that when the existing sampling structure is used for collecting phytoplankton in water layers with different depths, the phytoplankton in the water layers with different depths are easily mixed together, so that the monitoring accuracy of the phytoplankton is influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plankton collection, in particular to a marine phytoplankton sampling structure and a sampling method.
Background
The marine phytoplankton is divided into two categories of blue algae and unicellular algae, and plays multiple roles in the earth ecology: directly or indirectly to almost all other marine organisms, the majority of the oxygen entering the earth's atmosphere is produced by these phytoplankton populations, the fossil remains of phytoplankton eventually turn into oil under tremendous geological forces, maintaining earth's climate stable.
The method for knowing the variety, composition and quantity variation of phytoplankton in different water layers in a water area is one of basic survey and observation items of the biology and the oceanology. The current phytoplankton sampling is generally the sampling net, but because the net gape of sampling net is in open state always for when gathering the phytoplankton of the different degree of depth water layers, can lead to the phytoplankton of the different degree of depth water layers to mix together, thereby influence the accuracy of phytoplankton monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a marine phytoplankton sampling structure, which comprises an introducing component for introducing seawater, and a sampling component which is arranged at one end of the introducing component and is used for layered sampling;
the leading-in assembly comprises a shell, a driving piece arranged on the shell, and an auxiliary piece arranged in the shell and connected with the driving piece;
the sampling assembly comprises a main cylinder body, one end of the main cylinder body is communicated with the shell, the main cylinder body is surrounded by the main cylinder body central axis annular array and a plurality of sampling cylinders communicated with the main cylinder body, and the sampling cylinders are connected with the main cylinder body through positioning pieces.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that the top of a shell is connected with a mooring rope, and the mooring rope is connected with a collection ship;
a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell, a water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet, and the water outlet is connected with the main barrel;
the bottom of the shell is provided with a water outlet, and a drain valve is installed on the water outlet.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that an auxiliary part comprises a fixing plate, a fixing shaft, a fixing ring, a plurality of auxiliary plates, a rotating ring and a plurality of auxiliary rods, wherein the fixing plate is installed on the rear side of a shell and is arranged eccentrically to the shell, the fixing shaft is installed on the front end face of the fixing plate and is arranged coaxially with the shell, the fixing ring is installed on the fixing shaft in a rotating mode through a rolling bearing, the auxiliary plates are installed on the fixing ring in a rotating mode through hinges and are arranged in an annular array mode around the central axis of the fixing ring, the rotating ring is installed on the fixing plate in a rotating mode through the rolling bearing and is arranged coaxially with the fixing plate, and the auxiliary rods are arranged in an annular array mode around the central axis of the rotating ring, one end of each auxiliary rod is hinged to the rotating ring, the other end of each auxiliary rod is hinged to the rear end face of the corresponding auxiliary plate, and the other end of each auxiliary rod is hinged to the rear end face of the corresponding auxiliary plate.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that a first auxiliary ring and a second auxiliary ring are mounted on the inner wall of a shell, the first auxiliary ring is positioned at the top of the shell, and the second auxiliary ring is positioned at the bottom of the shell;
the inner diameters of the first auxiliary ring and the second auxiliary ring are R1, and gaps exist between the auxiliary plate and the first auxiliary ring and between the auxiliary plate and the second auxiliary ring, wherein the gaps are not more than 1 mm.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that a driving piece comprises a driving gear which is installed on the rear end face of a rotating ring and is coaxially arranged with the rotating ring, a driving shaft which is installed on the rear end face of a shell in a rotating mode through a rolling bearing, a driving gear which is installed on the driving shaft, is located in the shell and is meshed with the driving gear, and a driving motor which is installed on the shell and is connected with an output shaft and the driving shaft.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that a plurality of filter screens distributed along the axial direction of a main cylinder body are installed in the main cylinder body, and the pore size of each filter screen is reduced along with the increase of the distance between each filter screen and a shell.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that a positioning piece comprises a positioning cylinder with one end vertically installed on the outer wall of a main cylinder body, a positioning rod with one end vertically installed on the outer wall of the sampling cylinder and inserted into the positioning cylinder, and a limiting cylinder which penetrates through the positioning rod and is in threaded connection with the positioning cylinder so that the positioning cylinder can tightly clamp the positioning rod.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that a positioning cylinder comprises a main body section, an inclined section which is arranged on the main body section and is positioned at one end, far away from a main cylinder body, of the main body section, wherein the main body section is communicated with the inclined section, and a limiting ring which is arranged on the outer wall of the main body section and is positioned at one end, close to the main cylinder body, of the main body section;
the radius of one end, close to the main body segment, of the inclined segment is R3, the radius of one end, far away from the main body segment, of the inclined segment is R4, R3 is larger than R4, and a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in one end, far away from the main body segment, of the inclined segment and extend to the main body segment along the central axis direction of the positioning cylinder;
the inner wall of the limiting cylinder is provided with a positioning surface, the positioning surface is an inclined surface, and the positioning surface abuts against the inclined section.
The invention discloses a preferable marine phytoplankton sampling structure which is characterized in that a sampling port is arranged on a sampling cylinder, a plurality of sample outlets are arranged on a main cylinder body, the sampling ports are connected with the sample outlets through sampling pipelines, and sampling valves are arranged on the sampling ports.
The sampling method of the invention is as follows:
s1: the sampling ship is parked at a sampling sea area, and the sampling structure is lowered to a preset depth position through the cable;
s2: the driving piece drives the leading-in assembly to work, and the leading-in assembly leads seawater into the shell from the water inlet;
s3: the seawater enters the main cylinder body, and after being filtered by the filter screen, the seawater and phytoplankton in the seawater enter one of the sampling cylinders;
s4: and repeating the steps from S1 to S3 to finish the plankton sampling at other preset depth positions.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a marine phytoplankton sampling structure and a sampling method, and the structure solves the problem that when the existing sampling structure is used for collecting phytoplankton in water layers with different depths, the phytoplankton in the water layers with different depths are easily mixed together, so that the monitoring accuracy of the phytoplankton is influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of a lead-in assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view in section of the introducer assembly of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a sampling assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of the positioning assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a positioning barrel of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a spacing cylinder of the present invention.
The figures are labeled as follows:
100-leading-in component, 101-shell, 102-driving component, 103-auxiliary component, 106-water inlet, 107-water outlet, 108-water outlet, 109-fixing plate, 110-fixing shaft, 111-fixing ring, 112-auxiliary plate, 113-rotating ring, 114-auxiliary rod, 115-first auxiliary ring, 116-second auxiliary ring, 117-driving gear, 118-driving shaft and 119-driving gear.
200-sampling component, 201-main cylinder body, 202-sampling cylinder, 203-positioning piece, 204-filter screen, 205-positioning cylinder, 206-positioning rod, 207-limiting cylinder, 208-main body section, 209-inclined section, 210-limiting ring, 211-positioning surface and 213-clamping groove.
300-cable.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
As shown in FIG. 1, a sampling structure for marine phytoplankton comprises an introducing component 100 for introducing seawater, and a sampling component 200 installed at one end of the introducing component 100 and used for stratified sampling.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lead-in assembly 100 includes a housing 101, a driving member 102 mounted on the housing 101, and an auxiliary member 103 mounted in the housing 101 and connected to the driving member 102. The driving part 102 drives the auxiliary part 103 to move, so that the auxiliary part 103 can rapidly guide the seawater entering the housing 101 into the sampling assembly 200, thereby improving the sampling efficiency.
The top of the shell 101 is connected with a cable which is connected with the collection ship; a water inlet 106 and a water outlet 107 are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell 101, a water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet 106, and the water outlet 107 is connected with the main cylinder 201; the bottom of the casing 101 is provided with a water outlet 108, and a drain valve is mounted on the water outlet 108. It should be noted that a winch is installed on the collecting ship, the cable is connected with the winch on the collecting ship, and the winch is used for driving the collecting device to descend or ascend. It should be further noted that a weight block can be installed at the bottom of the housing 101 as required to adjust the center position of the collecting device.
The auxiliary member 103 includes a fixed plate 109 installed at the rear side of the casing 101 and disposed eccentrically to the casing 101, a fixed shaft 110 installed at a front end surface of the fixed plate 109 and disposed coaxially with the casing 101, a fixed ring 111 rotatably installed on the fixed shaft 110 through a rolling bearing, four auxiliary plates 112 rotatably installed on the fixed ring 111 through hinges and arranged in an annular array around a central axis of the fixed ring 111, a swivel 113 rotatably installed on the fixed plate 109 and disposed coaxially with the fixed plate 109 through a rolling bearing, and four auxiliary rods 114 having one end hinged to the swivel 113 and the other end hinged to a rear end surface of the auxiliary plates 112 and arranged in an annular array around a central axis of the swivel 113. Four auxiliary rods 114, a rotating ring 113 and auxiliary plates 112 form a four-bar linkage structure, the auxiliary rods 114 rotate around the central axis of the rotating ring 113 along with the rotating ring 113, the auxiliary rods 114 drive the auxiliary plates 112 to rotate, and because the auxiliary plates 112 are hinged with the rotating ring 113, in the process that the auxiliary rods 114 rotate around the central axis of the rotating ring 113 along with the rotating ring 113, the auxiliary rods 114 drive the auxiliary plates 112 to rotate, and the angle between two adjacent auxiliary plates 112 changes along with the position of the auxiliary rods 114 in the space, so that the seawater entering the shell 101 is guided into the sampling assembly 200.
A first auxiliary ring 115 and a second auxiliary ring 116 are installed on the inner wall of the shell 101, the first auxiliary ring 115 is positioned at the top of the shell 101, and the second auxiliary ring 116 is positioned at the bottom of the shell 101; the inner diameters of the first auxiliary ring 115 and the second auxiliary ring 116 are both R1, and a gap is formed between the auxiliary plate 112 and the first auxiliary ring 115 and the second auxiliary ring 116, and the gap is not more than 1 mm. It should be noted that the central angles subtended by the first auxiliary ring 115 and the second auxiliary ring 116 are both less than 180 ° and greater than 90 °. The first auxiliary ring 115 and the second auxiliary ring 116 are close to the auxiliary plate 112, so that the auxiliary plate 112 can guide the seawater entering from the water inlet 106 into the water outlet 107 during the rotation process, and the collection efficiency is improved.
The driving member 102 includes a driving gear 117 mounted on the rear end surface of the rotating ring 113 and coaxially disposed with the rotating ring 113, a driving shaft 118 rotatably mounted on the rear end surface of the housing 101 through a rolling bearing, one end of the driving shaft 118 extending into the housing 101, a driving gear 119 mounted on the driving shaft 118 and located in the housing 101 and engaged with the driving gear 117, and a driving motor mounted on the housing 101 and having an output shaft connected to the driving shaft 118. The driving shaft 118 is driven to rotate by the driving motor, the driving gear 119 rotates along with the driving shaft 118, the driving gear 119 is meshed with the driving gear 117, and the rotating ring 113 rotates along with the driving gear 117 to provide power for the movement of the auxiliary part 103.
As shown in fig. 5-7, the sampling assembly 200 includes a main cylinder 201 having one end communicating with the housing 101, four sampling tubes 202 annularly arrayed around a central axis of the main cylinder 201 and communicating with the main cylinder 201, and the sampling tubes 202 are connected to the main cylinder 201 by a positioning member 203. The sampling cylinder 202 is provided with a sampling port, the main cylinder 201 is provided with a plurality of sample outlets, the sampling port is connected with the sample outlets through a sampling pipeline, and the sampling port is provided with a sampling valve. Collect the phytoplankton of the different degree of depth respectively through setting up a plurality of sampling barrels 202, avoid the phytoplankton of the different degree of depth to mix together, further improve the accuracy of sampling, provide reliable technical support for marine ecological research.
A plurality of screens 204 are arranged in the main cylinder 201 along the axial direction of the main cylinder 201, and the aperture of the screens 204 decreases as the distance between the screens 204 and the casing 101 increases. Other organisms in the seawater are filtered through the filter screen 204, phytoplankton is accurately collected, and the sampling reliability is guaranteed. It should be noted that, the main cylinder 201 is provided with a drain opening, the drain opening is provided with a drain valve, when the collection device moves to different depths, before sampling, the drain valve is opened, the introducing component 100 is started, and the influence of residual seawater and phytoplankton in the shell 101 and the main cylinder 201 at other depths on sampling is avoided, so that inaccurate sampling is caused.
The positioning member 203 comprises a positioning cylinder 205 with one end vertically mounted on the outer wall of the main cylinder 201, a positioning rod 206 with one end vertically mounted on the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 202 and inserted into the positioning cylinder 205, and a limiting cylinder 207 penetrating through the positioning rod 206 and threadedly connected with the positioning cylinder 205, so that the positioning cylinder 205 clamps the positioning rod 206.
The positioning cylinder 205 comprises a main body section 208, an inclined section 209 which is arranged on the main body section 208 and is positioned at one end of the main body section 208 far away from the main cylinder body 201, the main body section 208 is communicated with the inclined section 209, and a limiting ring 210 which is arranged on the outer wall of the main body section 208 and is positioned at one end of the main body section 208 close to the main cylinder body 201; the radius of one end of the inclined section 209 close to the main body section 208 is R3, the radius of one end of the inclined section 209 far away from the main body section 208 is R4, R3 is more than R4, and one end of the inclined section 209 far away from the main body section 208 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 213 and 213.
Claims (10)
1. A marine phytoplankton sampling structure, comprising an introduction assembly (100) for introducing seawater, a sampling assembly (200) installed at one end of the introduction assembly (100) and used for stratified sampling;
wherein the lead-in assembly (100) comprises a housing (101), a driving piece (102) arranged on the housing (101), and an auxiliary piece (103) arranged in the housing (101) and connected with the driving piece (102);
the sampling assembly (200) comprises a main cylinder body (201) with one end communicated with the shell (101), a plurality of sampling cylinders (202) which surround the main cylinder body (201) and are in annular array with the central axis of the main cylinder body (201) and communicated with the main cylinder body (201), and the sampling cylinders (202) are connected with the main cylinder body (201) through positioning pieces (203).
2. A marine phytoplankton sampling structure according to claim 1, characterised in that a cable is connected to the top of the housing (101) and connected to a collection vessel;
a water inlet (106) and a water outlet (107) are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell (101), a water inlet valve is installed on the water inlet (106), and the water outlet (107) is connected with the main cylinder (201);
a water outlet (108) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (101), and a drain valve is installed on the water outlet (108).
3. A sampling structure for marine phytoplankton according to claim 2, characterized in that the auxiliary member (103) comprises a fixing plate (109) installed at the rear side of the housing (101) and eccentrically arranged to the housing (101), a fixing shaft (110) installed at the front end face of the fixing plate (109) and coaxially arranged to the housing (101), a fixed ring (111) rotatably mounted on the fixed shaft (110) through a rolling bearing, a plurality of auxiliary plates (112) rotatably mounted on the fixed ring (111) by hinges and arranged in a circular array around a central axis of the fixed ring (111), the rotary ring (113) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (109) through a rolling bearing and is coaxially arranged with the fixed plate (109), and the auxiliary rods (114) are hinged to the rotary ring (113) at one end and hinged to the rear end face of the auxiliary plate (112) at the other end and annularly arrayed around the central axis of the rotary ring (113).
4. A marine phytoplankton sampling structure according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall of the housing (101) is fitted with a first auxiliary ring (115) and a second auxiliary ring (116), the first auxiliary ring (115) being located at the top of the housing (101) and the second auxiliary ring (116) being located at the bottom of the housing (101);
the inner diameters of the first auxiliary ring (115) and the second auxiliary ring (116) are both R1, and a gap is formed between the auxiliary plate (112) and the first auxiliary ring (115) and the second auxiliary ring (116), and the gap is not more than 1 mm.
5. A marine phytoplankton sampling structure according to claim 3, wherein the driving member (102) comprises a driving gear (117) mounted on the rear end face of the rotary ring (113) and coaxially arranged with the rotary ring (113), a driving shaft (118) rotatably mounted on the rear end face of the housing (101) through a rolling bearing, one end of the driving shaft (118) extending into the housing (101), a driving gear (119) mounted on the driving shaft (118) and located in the housing (101) and engaged with the driving gear (117), and a driving motor mounted on the housing (101) and having an output shaft connected with the driving shaft (118).
6. A marine phytoplankton sampling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of sieves (204) are installed in the main cylinder (201) and distributed along the axial direction of the main cylinder (201), and the aperture of the sieves (204) decreases with the distance between the sieves (204) and the housing (101).
7. The marine phytoplankton sampling structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein the positioning member (203) comprises a positioning barrel (205) with one end vertically mounted on the outer wall of the main barrel body (201), a positioning rod (206) with one end vertically mounted on the outer wall of the sampling barrel (202) and inserted into the positioning barrel (205), and a limiting barrel (207) passing through the positioning rod (206) and screwed with the positioning barrel (205) to make the positioning barrel (205) clamp the positioning rod (206).
8. A marine phytoplankton sampling structure according to claim 7, wherein the positioning cylinder (205) comprises a main body section (208), an inclined section (209) mounted on the main body section (208) and located at one end of the main body section (208) far from the main cylinder (201), the main body section (208) is communicated with the inclined section (209), and a limiting ring (210) mounted on the outer wall of the main body section (208) and located at one end of the main body section (208) close to the main cylinder (201);
the radius of one end, close to the main body segment (208), of the inclined segment (209) is R3, the radius of one end, far away from the main body segment (208), of the inclined segment (209) is R4, R3 is more than R4, and one end, far away from the main body segment (208), of the inclined segment (209) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (213), and the clamping grooves (213) extend to the main body segment (208) along the central axis direction of the positioning cylinder (205);
the inner wall of the limiting cylinder (207) is provided with a positioning surface (211), the positioning surface (211) is an inclined surface, and the positioning surface (211) abuts against the inclined section (209).
9. The marine phytoplankton sampling structure of claim 8, wherein the sampling cylinder (202) is provided with a sampling port, the main cylinder (201) is provided with a plurality of sampling ports, the sampling ports are connected with the sampling ports through sampling pipes, and the sampling ports are provided with sampling valves.
10. A sampling method for the marine phytoplankton sampling structure of claim 9, characterized in that the sampling steps are as follows:
s1: the sampling ship is parked at a sampling sea area, and the sampling structure is lowered to a preset depth position through the cable;
s2: the driving piece (102) drives the leading-in assembly (100) to work, and the leading-in assembly (100) leads seawater into the shell (101) from a water inlet (106);
s3: the seawater enters the main cylinder body (201), and after being filtered by the filter screen (204), the seawater and phytoplankton in the seawater enter one of the sampling cylinders (202);
s4: and repeating the steps from S1 to S3 to finish the phytoplankton sampling of other preset depth positions.
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| CN202210534108.3A CN114874888B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Marine phytoplankton sampling structure and sampling method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116296526A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-06-23 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Plankton stable isotope sample collection device |
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| CN116296526B (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-08-22 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Plankton stable isotope sample collection device |
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