CN113418751A - River lake sample collector - Google Patents
River lake sample collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN113418751A CN113418751A CN202110669514.6A CN202110669514A CN113418751A CN 113418751 A CN113418751 A CN 113418751A CN 202110669514 A CN202110669514 A CN 202110669514A CN 113418751 A CN113418751 A CN 113418751A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 317
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 silt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
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Abstract
The invention relates to a river and lake sample collector which comprises a carrying platform, a power driving device, a sampling device, a control device and a power supply device, wherein the power driving device is arranged on the side surface of the carrying platform; the power supply device is respectively connected with the power driving device, the sampling device and the control device in a power supply mode, and the control device is respectively connected with the power driving device and the sampling device in a communication mode and used for respectively controlling the power driving device and the sampling device to operate. The device can accomplish the sampling automatically, and it can gather the bed mud sample and the quality of water sample of the different degree of depth, and can keep the bed mud state of gathering not disturbed by the rivers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental detection, in particular to a river and lake sample collector.
Background
The bottom mud, which is usually a mixture of clay, silt, organic matter and various minerals, is deposited on the bottom of the water body through physical, chemical and biological actions and water body transmission for a long time. In order to research the accumulation, distribution, conversion and migration rules of pollutants discharged into a water body in sediment, undisturbed sediment samples need to be collected from different depths of an underwater area for detecting the content of the pollutants in the sediment samples, and a special sediment sampling device needs to be provided. The sediment sample thief that uses always at present has a lot of, because sediment water content is big, has mobility, and when sampling device snatched the sediment, the sediment can be along with water loss, and the sediment sample is disturbed greatly by the rivers, and is incomplete, influences the result of sample inspection. In view of this, it is necessary to design a collecting device capable of accurately collecting bottom mud at different depths and maintaining the original state of the bottom mud.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a river and lake sample collector which can collect sediment samples and water quality samples at different depths and can keep the collected sediment state from being disturbed by water flow.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a river and lake sample collector comprises a carrying platform, a power driving device, a sampling device, a control device and a power supply device, wherein the power driving device is arranged on the side face of the carrying platform, the sampling device, the control device and the power supply device are fixedly arranged on the carrying platform, the lower end of the sampling device penetrates through the bottom of the carrying platform and can extend downwards, a backflow prevention device is arranged at the lower end of the sampling device, and the backflow prevention device can block the lower end of the sampling device into a closed sample cavity; the power supply device is respectively connected with the power driving device, the sampling device and the control device in a power supply mode, and the control device is respectively connected with the power driving device and the sampling device in a communication mode and used for respectively controlling the power driving device and the sampling device to operate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the carrying platform provides support on the water surface for the whole device, the power driving device reaches a sampling destination, the control device controls the power driving device and the sampling device to operate, and the power supply device provides working power supply for all the electric devices. After arriving the sampling destination, sampling device's lower extreme passes the bottom downwardly extending who carries the platform to the bottom, takes the sediment sample after, prevents that the refluence device locks the sample at sampling device's sample intracavity, and sampling device resets, takes out the surface of water with the sample, accomplishes the sediment sampling. The device can automatically finish sampling, can collect sediment samples and water quality samples at different depths, and can keep the collected sediment state from being disturbed by water flow; the sampler is simple to operate, has multiple functions and wide application scenes compared with the conventional sampler, and is more accurate in sample collection and higher in efficiency.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Preferably, the power driving device comprises a motor, a propeller and a filter cover, the motor is fixedly installed on the side face of the carrying platform, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the propeller in a transmission mode, the filter cover is sleeved on the periphery of the propeller and fixedly connected with the carrying platform, and a signal input end of the motor is connected with a signal output end of the control device and used for receiving a control signal of the control device.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the motor is matched with the propeller to push the whole device to displace to reach a sampling destination. The filter mantle prevents the waterweeds from hooking the propeller and blocking the device from moving forward, thus causing equipment damage. The arrangement ensures that the sample collector can adapt to various river and lake environments and increases the sampling range.
Preferably, the carrying platform comprises two ship bodies arranged side by side and platforms arranged on the two ship bodies, and the platforms are respectively and fixedly connected with the two ship bodies; each tail end of the ship body is provided with a power driving device, and the sampling device is arranged in the middle of the platform.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the structure that two hulls are side by side makes the stability of carrying platform better. The tail ends of the two ship bodies are respectively provided with a power driving device, so that the operation of straight going and turning reversing of the carrying platform is facilitated, and the operation is convenient, flexible and adjustable.
Preferably, the sampling device includes sample thief, sampling drive unit and sampling the control unit, sampling the control unit and being connected with controlling means communication, the sample thief is fixed to be set up on carrying the platform and the lower extreme of sample thief runs through the bottom of carrying the platform and can downwardly extending, sampling the control unit and sampling drive unit signal connection, the sampling drive unit with the sample thief transmission is connected for drive sample thief downwardly extending samples.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the sampling control unit outputs a control instruction to the sampling driving unit, the sampling driving unit drives the sampler to move downwards for sampling, after sampling is completed, the sampling driving unit drives the sampler to reset and retract, and an operator can take down a sampled sediment sample and store the sediment sample. This arrangement enables automation of sampling.
Preferably, the sampling driving unit comprises an air compressor, a vacuum pump and a three-way electromagnetic valve, the three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with a first channel and a second channel which can be switched on and off, a high-pressure air outlet end of the air compressor is communicated with the sampler through the first channel, and an air inlet end of the vacuum pump is communicated with the sampler through the second channel; the air compressor, the vacuum pump and the three-way electromagnetic valve are respectively in signal connection with the sampling control unit and used for switching connection between the air compressor or the vacuum pump and the sampler.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: when sampling is carried out, the first channel is opened, the second channel is closed, the air compressor runs, and the high-pressure gas drives the sampler to carry out sampling; after sampling is finished, the second channel is opened, the first channel is closed, the vacuum pump runs, and the negative pressure drives the sampler to reset so as to recover the sampled sample. The on-off of two passageways is switched through the tee bend solenoid valve to this setting, realizes sampling and resets, and the flexible operation is simple and convenient.
Preferably, the sampler comprises an outer sleeve, and a rotating shaft, a sample injection driving motor, a circular sample injection disc and a plurality of sampling tubes which are arranged in the outer sleeve, wherein the top end of the outer sleeve is communicated with the sample injection driving unit, and the bottom end of the outer sleeve is provided with a sampling port; the rotating shaft and the outer sleeve are coaxially and vertically arranged, the bottom end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the bottom of the outer sleeve, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a sample injection driving motor through a bevel gear; the circular sample feeding disc is arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft, the axis of the circular sample feeding disc is in transmission connection with the lower part of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of through holes distributed circumferentially are formed in the circular sample feeding disc; a plurality of sample clamps which are uniformly distributed in a circumferential manner are arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft, and the upper end surfaces of all the sample clamps can be matched with each other to form an annular surface; each sample clamp is connected with the rotating shaft in a sliding mode, and the sliding direction of each sample clamp is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the sampling pipes are detachably arranged on the sample clamps in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the bottom ends of the sampling pipes correspondingly penetrate through the through holes in the circular sample feeding disc in a one-to-one correspondence manner; when the circular sample injection disc rotates to a set angle, one sampling tube is coaxially arranged with a sampling port at the bottom end of the outer sleeve; the sampling pipe is provided with a drain hole, the bottom end of the sampling pipe is provided with a downward cutting edge, and the backflow preventing device is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling pipe.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the sample injection driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the circular sample injection disc to rotate, so that the sampling pipes are driven to rotate, and the positions of the sampling pipes relative to the sampling ports are switched. The sampling driving unit drives the sampling pipe to move downwards or upwards for sampling or resetting. The drain hole discharges redundant water in the sampling pipe, the cutting edge cuts the sample to enable the sample to smoothly enter the sampling pipe, and the backflow preventing device prevents the sample in the sampling pipe from flowing back.
Preferably, a sealing device is arranged between the outer edge of the circular sample feeding disc and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and when the circular sample feeding disc rotates, the circular sample feeding disc is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the outer sleeve.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the circular sampling disc and the outer sleeve are arranged in a sealing mode, so that the pressure relief of the circular sampling disc and the outer sleeve in the sampling or resetting process of the sampling tube is prevented, and the interference on the sampling or resetting control is avoided.
Preferably, the outer sleeve is provided with a sampling door, and when the sampling door is closed, the sampling door is hermetically connected with the outer sleeve; the sampling control unit is arranged on the sampling door; the sampling control unit comprises a display screen, an operation button and a controller which are integrated into a whole, the display screen is used for displaying a sampling state, the operation button is used for inputting a sampling instruction, and the controller is used for controlling the sampling driving unit and the sampler to act according to the input sampling instruction.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the sampling door and the outer sleeve are hermetically connected, so that the sampling door is prevented from releasing pressure to cause interference on sampling control during sampling. The operation button is used for inputting a control instruction, the display screen provides a man-machine interaction page, the controller of the sampling control unit is in communication connection with the control device of the whole equipment, and the real-time state of the sampling device is transmitted to the control device, so that the centralized management of the whole equipment is facilitated.
Preferably, still be equipped with the sample bin on the platform of carrying on, the sample bin includes small-size fridge and sample pipe storage tank, sample pipe storage tank sets up in small-size fridge, be equipped with on the small-size fridge and store up the appearance door, small-size fridge and controlling means signal connection.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the sampled sample is temporarily stored in the sample tube storage box, and is cooled through a small-sized refrigerator, so that the sample is prevented from fermenting and deteriorating in a closed space. After the sampling task is completed, the sample tube storage box in the small-sized refrigerator is taken away, so that the sample can be completely taken away without damaging the state of the sample.
Preferably, a GPS is fixedly arranged at the top end of the sampling device, and the GPS is in communication connection with the control device.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the GPS is arranged at the top end of the sampling device, and the GPS can transmit accurate positioning information of a sampling place to the control device so as to carry out the most accurate recording on the sampling place every time, and is convenient for controlling the sampled point position, so that the sampling of a target sampling place is more accurate, and the accurate analysis of the river and lake ecological environment of the sampling place is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the outer sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spindle of the present invention mated with six sample holders;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sampling tube of the present invention extending out of the bottom of the outer sleeve;
FIG. 5 is a schematic external view of a sampling tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the sampling tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sampling control unit according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the device comprises a carrying platform, 101, a ship body, 102, a platform, 2, a power driving device, 201, a motor, 202, a propeller, 203, a filter cover, 3, a sampling device, 301, an air compressor, 302, a vacuum pump, 303, a three-way electromagnetic valve, 304, an air pipe, 305, an outer sleeve, 3051, a sampling port, 306, a rotating shaft, 3061, a sliding groove, 307, a circular sample feeding disc, 3071, a through hole, 3072, a sealing device, 308, a sample feeding driving motor, 309, a bevel gear, 310, a sampling pipe, 3101, a cutting edge, 3102, a backflow preventing device, 3103, a water discharging hole, 311, a sample clamp, 312, a sampling door, 313, a sampling control unit, 4, a sample storage box, 5, a control device, 6, a power supply device, 7 and a GPS.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment provides a river and lake sample collector, which includes a carrying platform 1, a power driving device 2, a sampling device 3, a control device 5, and a power supply device 6, wherein the power driving device 2 is arranged on a side surface of the carrying platform 1, the sampling device 3, the control device 5, and the power supply device 6 are fixedly arranged on the carrying platform 1, a lower end of the sampling device 3 penetrates through a bottom of the carrying platform 1 and can extend downward, a backflow prevention device 3102 is arranged at a lower end of the sampling device 3, and the backflow prevention device 3102 can block the lower end of the sampling device 3 into a closed sample cavity; the power supply device 6 is respectively connected with the power driving device 2, the sampling device 3 and the control device 5 in a power supply mode, and the control device 5 is respectively connected with the power driving device 2 and the sampling device 3 in a communication mode and used for respectively controlling the power driving device 2 and the sampling device 3 to operate.
As shown in figure 1, the carrying platform 1 provides support for the whole device on the water surface, the power driving device 2 drives the device to reach a sampling destination, the control device 5 controls the power driving device 2 and the sampling device 3 to operate, and the power supply device 6 provides working power supply for all electric devices. After arriving at the sampling destination, the lower end of the sampling device 3 passes through the bottom of the carrying platform 1 and extends downwards to the bottom, after a sediment sample is taken, the backflow prevention device 3102 locks the sample in the sample cavity of the sampling device 3, the sampling device 3 resets, the sample is taken out of the water surface, and the sediment sampling is completed. The control device 5 is provided with a human-computer interaction interface, such as a touch display screen, for displaying the state of the equipment in real time and providing an operation interface for human-computer interaction. The control device 5 can also be provided with a wireless communication module for remote communication with an upper computer. The device can accomplish the sampling automatically, easy operation, and more the various suitable scenes of present sample thief function are extensive, and sample acquisition is also more accurate, and efficiency is higher.
In this embodiment, the power driving device 2 includes a motor 201, a propeller 202 and a filter cover 203, the motor 201 is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the carrying platform 1, an output shaft of the motor 201 is in transmission connection with the propeller 202, the filter cover 203 is sleeved on the periphery of the propeller 202 and is fixedly connected with the carrying platform 1, and a signal input end of the motor 201 is connected with a signal output end of the control device 5 and used for receiving a control signal of the control device 5.
The motor 201 rotates to provide power to drive the propeller 202 to operate, and the propeller 202 converts the rotating power of the motor 201 into thrust to push the carrying platform 1 to displace. The filter housing 203 is wrapped around the propeller 202 to reduce the possibility that waterweeds may hook around the propeller 202 during operation of the propeller 202. The arrangement ensures that the sample collector can adapt to various river and lake environments and increases the sampling range.
Preferably, the carrying platform 1 comprises two hulls 101 arranged side by side and a platform 102 arranged on the two hulls 101, and the platform 102 is fixedly connected with the two hulls 101 respectively; the tail end of each ship body 101 is provided with a power driving device 2, and the sampling device 3 is arranged in the middle of the platform 102.
The double hulls 101 are arranged side by side, so that the carrying platform 1 has better stability. The tail ends of the two ship bodies 101 are respectively provided with a power driving device 2, so that the operation of straight going and turning reversing of the carrying platform 1 is facilitated, and the operation is convenient, flexible and adjustable.
In this embodiment, sampling device 3 includes sample thief, sampling drive unit and sampling control unit 313, sampling control unit 313 and controlling means 5 communication connection, the fixed setting of sample thief is on carrying platform 1, and the lower extreme of sample thief runs through the bottom that carries platform 1 and can downwardly extending, sampling control unit 313 and sampling drive unit signal connection, sampling drive unit with the sample thief transmission is connected for drive sample thief downwardly extending samples.
The sampling control unit 313 outputs a control instruction to the sampling driving unit, the sampling driving unit drives the sampler to move downwards for sampling, after sampling is completed, the sampling driving unit drives the sampler to reset and retract, and an operator can take down a sampled sediment sample and store the sediment sample.
As shown in fig. 1, the sampling driving unit includes an air compressor 301, a vacuum pump 302, and a three-way electromagnetic valve 303, the three-way electromagnetic valve 303 is provided with a first channel and a second channel which can be switched on, a high-pressure air outlet end of the air compressor 301 is communicated with the sampler through the first channel, and an air inlet end of the vacuum pump 302 is communicated with the sampler through the second channel. Corresponding air pipes 304 are respectively adopted for communication between the air compressor 301 and the three-way electromagnetic valve 303, between the vacuum pump 302 and the three-way electromagnetic valve 303, and between the three-way electromagnetic valve 303 and the sampler, and the air pipes 304 are pressure-resistant and deformation-resistant pipelines, such as metal pipes, PVC pipes and the like. The air compressor 301, the vacuum pump 302 and the three-way electromagnetic valve 303 are respectively in signal connection with the sampling control unit 313, and are used for switching connection between the air compressor 301 or the vacuum pump 302 and a sampler.
The three-way solenoid valve 303 may be a two-position three-way solenoid valve having a control coil for controlling the on/off of the first channel and the second channel therein. For example, when the control coil is in place, the first channel is open and the second channel is closed; when the control coil is electrified, the valve core is driven to move, and the valve core blocks the first channel and simultaneously the second channel is opened; the sampling control unit 313 controls the control coil to be powered on and powered off, namely, the switching between the first channel and the second channel is realized. When sampling is needed, the sampling control unit 313 controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 303 to conduct the first channel, controls the air compressor 301 to operate at the same time, and drives the execution component of the sampler to descend to the water bottom for sampling, wherein compressed air continuously enters the sampler through the first channel; after sampling is completed, the sampling control unit 313 controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 303 to close the first channel and open the second channel, and controls the vacuum pump 302 to operate, the vacuum pump 302 vacuumizes the sampler through the second channel, so that a negative pressure environment is formed in the sampler, and suction force generated by negative pressure sucks back an execution part of the sampler and the sample, thereby completing the sampling process. The sampling driving unit realizes the automatic operation of the sampling process, saves time and labor and reduces the labor intensity of operators.
In this embodiment, the sampler includes an outer sleeve 305, and a rotating shaft 306, a sample injection driving motor 308, a circular sample injection disk 307 and a plurality of sampling tubes 310 which are arranged in the outer sleeve 305, as shown in fig. 1, the top end of the outer sleeve 305 is communicated with a sampling driving unit, and the bottom end of the outer sleeve 305 is provided with a sampling port 3051; as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic view of the internal structure of the sectioned outer casing, the rotating shaft 306 is coaxial and vertically arranged with the outer casing 305, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 306 penetrates through the bottom of the outer casing 305, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft 306 is in transmission connection with a sample injection driving motor 308 through a bevel gear 309; the circular sample feeding disk 307 is arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft 306, the axis of the circular sample feeding disk 307 is in transmission connection with the lower part of the rotating shaft 306, and a plurality of through holes 3071 which are distributed circumferentially are formed in the circular sample feeding disk 307; a plurality of sample clamps 311 which are uniformly arranged in a circumferential manner are arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft 306, and the upper end surfaces of all the sample clamps 311 can be matched with each other to form an annular surface; as shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spindle cooperating with six sample clamps, each sample clamp 311 is slidably connected to the spindle 306, and the sliding direction is parallel to the axial direction of the spindle 306; more specifically, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 306 is provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves 3061, each sliding groove 3061 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 306, and one side of the sample holder 311 is embedded into the sliding groove 3061, so that the sample holder 311 is attached to the sliding grooves 3061 of the rotating shaft 306 and can slide up and down; as shown in fig. 2, the plurality of sampling tubes 310 are detachably disposed on the plurality of sample holders 311 in a one-to-one correspondence, and bottom ends of the plurality of sampling tubes 310 penetrate through the plurality of through holes 3071 on the circular sample tray 307 in a one-to-one correspondence; when the circular sample plate 307 is rotated to a predetermined angle, as shown in fig. 4, one of the sampling tubes 310 is coaxially disposed with the sampling port 3051 at the bottom end of the outer sleeve 305, and the sampling tube 310 passes downward through the sampling port 3051 under the action of air pressure and extends to the bottom of the water to be sampled. Still can set up to detachable connection between the lower extreme and the upper end of sampling pipe 310, for example threaded connection, when the sample need be taken off after the sampling is accomplished, rotatory sampling pipe 310 lower extreme of taking off replaces an empty sampling pipe 310 lower extreme, can take out the sample together with sampling pipe 310 lower extreme and save to guarantee that the state of sample does not receive the environmental disturbance. Fig. 5 is a schematic external view of a sampling tube, fig. 6 is a schematic internal structure of the sampling tube, a drainage hole 3103 is arranged on the sampling tube 310, a downward cutting edge 3101 is arranged at the bottom end of the sampling tube 310, and an anti-backflow device 3102 is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling tube 310. The backflow prevention device 3102 adopts a pair of symmetrically arranged semicircular backflow prevention blocking pieces fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sampling pipe 310, sampled sediment can flow into the sampling pipe 310 in a single direction, and when the sampling pipe 310 is reset after sampling, the collected sediment cannot flow back out of the sampling pipe 310 from the bottom of the sampling pipe 310.
In this embodiment, six sampling tubes 310 are provided, and correspondingly, six through holes 3071 which are circumferentially distributed are provided on the circular sample tray 307, the outer walls of the sampling tubes 310 are matched with the edges of the through holes 3071, and the sampling tubes 310 can slide through the through holes 3071. The upper end of each sampling tube 310 is detachably arranged on the sample holder 311, and when the sample holder 311 descends under the action of compressed air, the sampling tubes 310 are driven to descend. The sample injection driving motor 308 drives the circular sample injection disk 307 to rotate to a set angle, for example, in this embodiment, there are six sample tubes 310, an included angle between each adjacent sample tube 310 and the center of the circular sample injection disk 307 is 60 degrees, after sampling of one sample tube 310 is completed, the sample injection driving motor 308 drives the circular sample injection disk 307 to rotate by 60 degrees through the rotating shaft 306, and then the next sample tube 310 aligns with the sample port 3051, so that sampling can be performed. The bottom end of the sampling tube 310 to be sampled is aligned with the sampling port 3051 at the bottom of the outer sleeve 305, and the sample clamp 311 drives the sampling tube 310 to go down continuously under the push of the compressed air, and extends to the bottom of the water through the sampling port 3051 to be sampled. In the sampling process, the cutting edge 3101 at the bottom of the sampling pipe 310 faces downwards, so that the sediment sample can be cut, and the sampling pipe 310 can smoothly extend into the sediment layer at the bottom of a river or a lake. Cutting edge 3101 can be dismantled, and cutting edge 3101 is convenient for change after being passivated due to long-term use, thereby prolonging the service life of sampling tube 310. The cutting edge 3101 may preferably be an annular cutting edge 3101, which facilitates the cutting of the substrate sludge sample. When sampling, the water discharge hole 3103 of the sampling tube 310 discharges water at the upper layer in the tube, so that the pressure in the sampling tube 310 is reduced, a smooth flow passage is formed in the sampling tube 310, and the sample at the bottom can smoothly enter the sampling tube 310. After sampling, the vacuum pump 302 evacuates the space inside the outer sleeve 305, and sucks air inside the outer sleeve 305 to generate a negative pressure inside the outer sleeve 305, and the suction force generated by the negative pressure sucks the sampling tube 310 back into the outer sleeve 305, thereby taking back the sample inside the sampling tube 310. After sampling, a pair of semicircle backflow prevention blocking pieces on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling tube 310 prevent the sediment sample from flowing out of the sampling tube 310. After one sampling tube 310 is completely retracted into the outer sleeve 305, the sample injection driving motor 308 drives the circular sample injection disk 307 to rotate by 60 degrees through the rotating shaft 306, the next sampling tube 310 is aligned with the sample port 3051, next sampling can be performed, the sampling task is finished until all sampling tubes 310 finish sampling, and at this time, the outer sleeve 305 can be opened to take out the collected sample.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a sealing device 3072 is provided between the outer edge of the circular sample plate 307 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 305, and the sealing device 3072 may be a rubber seal ring or another annular sealing device 3072, so that the circular sample plate 307 can perform axial displacement (up-down movement) and circumferential displacement (rotation) in conformity with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 305; when the circular sample disk 307 rotates, the circular sample disk 307 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 305.
After a sampling tube 310 finishes sampling, the circular sample plate 307 needs to be driven to rotate, so that the next sampling tube 310 to be sampled is aligned with the sampling port 3051. Because the sampler realizes sampling by driving the sampling tube 310 to extend and contract through air pressure, the air tightness in the outer sleeve 305, such as the air tightness between the circular sample feeding disc 307 and the outer sleeve 305, is required to be ensured, and a sealing device 3072 is arranged between the outer edge of the circular sample feeding disc 307 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 305, so that the problem is solved.
As shown in fig. 1, a sampling gate 312 is disposed on the outer sleeve 305, and a handle for opening and closing the sampling gate 312 is disposed on the sampling gate 312. When the sampling gate 312 is closed, the sampling gate 312 is hermetically connected to the outer sleeve 305. The sampling control unit 313 is disposed on the sampling gate 312; as shown in fig. 7, the sampling control unit 313 includes an integrated display screen for displaying a sampling state, an operation button for inputting a sampling instruction, and a controller for controlling the sampling driving unit and the sampler operation according to the input sampling instruction.
The sampling door 312 is hermetically connected with the outer sleeve 305, so that the pressure of the sampling door 312 in the sampling process can be prevented from being released to interfere with the air pressure in the outer sleeve 305, and the sampling tube 310 and the sample can be taken out through the sampling door 312 after the sampling is finished. The sampling control unit 313 is arranged on the sampling gate 312, so that the space occupied by the equipment can be saved, and the continuous operation of an operator can be facilitated. The operation buttons are used for inputting control commands, for example, six sampling pipes 310 are provided in the present embodiment, and accordingly, the sampling control unit 313 is provided with six sampling operation buttons a1 to a6 to correspond to the positions of the six sampling pipes 310, respectively. When the button A1 in FIG. 7 is pressed, the circular sampling disc 307 rotates to drive one of the sampling tubes 310 to rotate to the sampling port 3051, and the ON button in FIG. 7 is pressed to perform sampling; when sampling is completed, the OFF button in fig. 7 is pressed, and the sampling tube 310 is reset; pressing the a2 button rotates the circular sample tray 307 to rotate the next sample tube 310 to the sample port 3051, and so on, until the a6 button is pressed to complete the sampling of all the sample tubes 310. The display screen and each operation button are respectively in communication connection with the controller, the display screen displays the equipment condition of the sampling device 3 and the sampling condition of the sampling pipe 310 in real time, for example, when any one button from A1 to A6 is pressed, the display screen correspondingly indicates the equipment condition and the sampling condition; the controller then sends the real-time status of the sampling means 3 to the control means 5.
As shown in fig. 1, still be equipped with sample storage box 4 on the carrying platform 1, sample storage box 4 includes small-size fridge and appearance pipe storage box, appearance pipe storage box sets up in small-size fridge, be equipped with on the small-size fridge and store up the appearance door, store up and be equipped with the handle that the switching of being convenient for stored up the appearance door on the appearance door, small-size fridge and 5 signal connection of controlling means.
The sampled sample is temporarily stored in the sample tube storage box, and is cooled through a small-sized refrigerator, so that the sample is prevented from fermenting and deteriorating in a closed space. After the sampling task is completed, the sample tube storage box in the small-sized refrigerator is taken away, so that the sample can be completely taken away without damaging the state of the sample.
As shown in FIG. 1, a GPS7 is fixed on the top end of the sampling device 3, and the GPS7 is connected with the control device 5 in a communication way.
In the embodiment, the GPS7 is arranged at the top end of the sampling device 3, and the GPS7 can transmit the accurate positioning information of the sampling place to the control device 5, so as to record the sampling place most accurately each time, facilitate the control of the sampled point position, sample the target sampling place more accurately, and facilitate the accurate analysis of the river and lake ecological environment of the sampling place.
The working principle is as follows:
the motor 201 is started by the control device 5, the motor 201 and the propeller 202 move the catamaran body 101 on the platform 102, and the position of the platform 102 is adjusted by the positioning data of the GPS7 until the destination of the sample is reached. The operation button of the sampling control unit 313 is pressed down, the sampling driving motor 308 operates, the rotating shaft 306 is driven to rotate through the transmission of the bevel gear 309, the circular sampling disc 307 is driven to enable one sampling pipe 310 to be aligned to the sampling port 3051 of the outer sleeve 305, then the two-position three-way valve opens the first channel, the air compressor 301 works, compressed air is continuously input to the top end of the outer sleeve 305, the air pressure in the outer sleeve 305 is increased, the sampling pipe 310 matched with the sampling port 3051 is pushed to descend and extends to the bottom, water is discharged through the water discharging hole 3103 of the sampling pipe 310, the cutting edge 3101 at the bottom end of the sampling pipe 310 cuts bottom mud which prevents the water from falling, and the mud enters the sampling pipe 310 through the backflow resistance sheet in a one-way mode. After sampling is completed, the two-dimensional three-way electromagnetic valve 303 closes the first channel and opens the second channel, the air compressor 301 is stopped, the vacuum pump 302 vacuumizes the interior of the outer sleeve 305 through the second channel, and due to the suction force generated by the negative pressure, the sampling tube 310 is sucked back into the outer sleeve 305, so that sampling of the sampling tube 310 is completed. Then, an operation button corresponding to the next sampling tube 310 is pressed, the sample injection driving motor 308 operates, and the sampling work of the previous flow is repeated until the six sampling tubes 310 are visually confirmed on the display screen to complete the sampling work. Then the sampling door 312 is opened, the lower end of each sampling tube 310 is taken down, the lower end of the sampling tube 310 is replaced with a new lower end of the sampling tube 310 for continuous sampling, and the lower end of the sampling tube 310 with the sample is stored in the sample tube storage box according to the number of the sampling tube 310 for low-temperature storage. After all sampling tasks are completed, the sample tube storage box is taken away, and all samples can be taken away in an original state. The device can automatically finish automatic sampling, can collect sediment samples and water quality samples at different depths, and can keep the collected sediment state from being disturbed by water flow; compared with the existing sampler, the sampler has the advantages of being multiple in function, wide in applicable scene, more accurate in sample collection and higher in efficiency.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The river and lake sample collector is characterized by comprising a carrying platform (1), a power driving device (2), a sampling device (3), a control device (5) and a power supply device (6), wherein the power driving device (2) is arranged on the side surface of the carrying platform (1), the sampling device (3), the control device (5) and the power supply device (6) are fixedly arranged on the carrying platform (1), the lower end of the sampling device (3) penetrates through the bottom of the carrying platform (1) and can extend downwards, an anti-backflow device (3102) is arranged at the lower end of the sampling device (3), and the anti-backflow device (3102) can block the lower end of the sampling device (3) into a closed sample cavity; the power supply device (6) is respectively connected with the power driving device (2), the sampling device (3) and the control device (5) in a power supply mode, and the control device (5) is respectively connected with the power driving device (2) and the sampling device (3) in a communication mode and used for respectively controlling the power driving device (2) and the sampling device (3) to operate.
2. The river and lake sample collector according to claim 1, wherein the power driving device (2) comprises a motor (201), a propeller (202) and a filter cover (203), the motor (201) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the carrying platform (1), an output shaft of the motor (201) is in transmission connection with the propeller (202), the filter cover (203) is sleeved on the periphery of the propeller (202) and is fixedly connected with the carrying platform (1), and a signal input end of the motor (201) is connected with a signal output end of the control device (5) and used for receiving a control signal of the control device (5).
3. The river and lake sample collector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrying platform (1) comprises two hulls (101) arranged side by side and a platform (102) arranged on the two hulls (101), and the platform (102) is fixedly connected with the two hulls (101) respectively; the tail end of each ship body (101) is provided with a power driving device (2), and the sampling device (3) is arranged in the middle of the platform (102).
4. The river and lake sample collector according to claim 1, wherein the sampling device (3) comprises a sampler, a sampling driving unit and a sampling control unit (313), the sampling control unit (313) is in communication connection with the control device (5), the sampler is fixedly arranged on the carrying platform (1), the lower end of the sampler penetrates through the bottom of the carrying platform (1) and can extend downwards, the sampling control unit (313) is in signal connection with the sampling driving unit, and the sampling driving unit is in transmission connection with the sampler and is used for driving the sampler to extend downwards for sampling.
5. The river and lake sample collector according to claim 4, wherein the sampling driving unit comprises an air compressor (301), a vacuum pump (302) and a three-way electromagnetic valve (303), the three-way electromagnetic valve (303) is provided with a first channel and a second channel which can be switched on and off, a high-pressure air outlet end of the air compressor (301) is communicated with the sampler through the first channel, and an air inlet end of the vacuum pump (302) is communicated with the sampler through the second channel; the air compressor (301), the vacuum pump (302) and the three-way electromagnetic valve (303) are respectively in signal connection with the sampling control unit (313) and used for switching connection between the air compressor (301) or the vacuum pump (302) and the sampler.
6. The river and lake sample collector as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the sampler comprises an outer sleeve (305), and a rotating shaft (306), a sample introduction driving motor (308), a circular sample introduction disc (307) and a plurality of sampling tubes (310) which are arranged in the outer sleeve (305), wherein the top end of the outer sleeve (305) is communicated with a sampling driving unit, and the bottom end of the outer sleeve (305) is provided with a sampling port (3051); the rotating shaft (306) and the outer sleeve (305) are coaxial and vertically arranged, the bottom end of the rotating shaft (306) penetrates through the bottom of the outer sleeve (305), and the bottom end of the rotating shaft (306) is in transmission connection with a sample injection driving motor (308) through a bevel gear (309); the circular sample feeding disc (307) is arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft (306), the axis of the circular sample feeding disc (307) is in transmission connection with the lower part of the rotating shaft (306), and a plurality of through holes (3071) distributed circumferentially are formed in the circular sample feeding disc (307); a plurality of sample clamps (311) which are uniformly distributed in a circumferential manner are arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft (306), and the upper end surfaces of all the sample clamps (311) can be matched with each other to form an annular surface; each sample clamp (311) is connected with the rotating shaft (306) in a sliding mode, and the sliding direction is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (306); the plurality of sampling tubes (310) are detachably arranged on the plurality of sample clamps (311) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the bottom ends of the plurality of sampling tubes (310) correspondingly penetrate through the plurality of through holes (3071) on the circular sample feeding disc (307) in a one-to-one correspondence manner; when the circular sample feeding disc (307) rotates to a set angle, one sampling tube (310) is coaxially arranged with a sampling port (3051) at the bottom end of the outer sleeve (305); the sampling pipe (310) is provided with a drain hole (3103), the bottom end of the sampling pipe (310) is provided with a downward cutting edge (3101), and the backflow preventing device (3102) is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling pipe (310).
7. The river and lake sample collector as claimed in claim 6, wherein a sealing device (3072) is arranged between the outer edge of the circular sample feeding disc (307) and the inner wall of the outer sleeve (305), and when the circular sample feeding disc (307) rotates, the circular sample feeding disc (307) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (305).
8. The river and lake sample collector as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer sleeve (305) is provided with a sampling gate (312), and when the sampling gate (312) is closed, the sampling gate (312) is hermetically connected with the outer sleeve (305); the sampling control unit (313) is arranged on the sampling gate (312); the sampling control unit (313) comprises a display screen, an operation button and a controller which are integrated into a whole, the display screen is used for displaying a sampling state, the operation button is used for inputting a sampling instruction, and the controller is used for controlling the sampling driving unit and the sampler to act according to the input sampling instruction.
9. The river and lake sample collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sample storage box (4) is further arranged on the carrying platform (1), the sample storage box (4) comprises a small-sized refrigerator and a sample tube storage box, the sample tube storage box is arranged in the small-sized refrigerator, a sample storage door is arranged on the small-sized refrigerator, and the small-sized refrigerator is in signal connection with the control device (5).
10. The river and lake sample collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein a GPS (7) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the sampling device (3), and the GPS (7) is in communication connection with the control device (5).
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN202110669514.6A CN113418751A (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | River lake sample collector |
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| CN202110669514.6A CN113418751A (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | River lake sample collector |
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