CN113892328A - Fertilizing method for wheat with nitrogen and silicon in optimal proportion - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for wheat with nitrogen and silicon in optimal proportion Download PDFInfo
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- CN113892328A CN113892328A CN202111052603.2A CN202111052603A CN113892328A CN 113892328 A CN113892328 A CN 113892328A CN 202111052603 A CN202111052603 A CN 202111052603A CN 113892328 A CN113892328 A CN 113892328A
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- silicon
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- nitrogen
- dressing
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 19
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Si] Chemical compound [N].[Si] UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 18
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilization method for wheat with a nitrogen-silicon optimal proportion: nitrogenous fertilizer: and (3) silicon fertilizer is 16-17: 1 by weight. Applying all silicon fertilizers as bases; the nitrogen fertilizer comprises basic application, primary dressing and secondary dressing, wherein the basic application comprises the following steps: first dressing: secondary dressing is 2: 1: 1 fertilizing amount. By adopting the fertilizing method, the plant height and the stem thickness of the wheat can be effectively increased; the nutrient content and the thousand kernel weight of wheat plants are improved, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved on the premise of keeping the yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wheat fertilization method.
Background
The silicon fertilizer is a quality fertilizer, is a major element required by the growth of gramineous plants, and can enhance the capability of resisting diseases and insect pests of crops, promote photosynthesis and improve the yield of the crops. The micro-nano silicon fertilizer is a novel silicon fertilizer, has good adsorbability and high activity, but cannot be widely applied in agriculture. Wheat is one of the most important grain crops in the world, is the third crop next to rice and corn in China, and the planting area and total yield of winter wheat in China account for 20% -30% of grain crops in China. In agricultural production, farmers seek high yield in order to obtain higher economic benefit, and excessive fertilization, particularly nitrogen fertilizer, causes eutrophication of farmland soil and water, so that reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer and silicon fertilizer has important significance for wheat production and fertilizer utilization.
CN 107857673A's "A wheat Compound Fertilizer" informs: the special wheat compound fertilizer comprises the following effective components in percentage by mass: 8 to 11 percent of nitrogen; 5-7% of phosphorus pentoxide; 5-10% of potassium oxide; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of zinc; 0.2 to 0.9 percent of silicon, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of calcium carbonate and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of manganese dioxide.
At present, when conventional wheat is planted, silicon fertilizer is not applied, and the fertilizing amount of nitrogen fertilizer is generally 250-400 kg/hm2. The fertilization mode of the nitrogen fertilizer is sowing basal application, topdressing in the jointing stage and topdressing in the booting stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wheat nitrogen-silicon optimal proportion fertilization method capable of improving the utilization rate of a fertilizer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fertilization method for optimizing the proportion of nitrogen and silicon in wheat, which comprises the following steps: the nitrogen fertilizer: silicon fertilizer (micro-nano silicon fertilizer) is 16-17: 1 (preferably 16.5 to 16.7: 1).
The improvement of the fertilization method for the wheat with the preferred proportion of nitrogen and silicon is as follows: the nitrogen fertilizer: the weight ratio of the silicon fertilizer to the silicon fertilizer is 16.59: 1.
The invention is further improved by the fertilization method of the wheat with the preferred proportion of nitrogen and silicon: the fertilizing amount of the micro-nano silicon fertilizer is 17.32 +/-0.9 kg/hm2The fertilizing amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is 287.34 +/-14 kg/hm2。
The invention is further improved by the fertilization method of the wheat with the preferred proportion of nitrogen and silicon:
applying all silicon fertilizers as bases;
the nitrogen fertilizer comprises basic application, primary dressing and secondary dressing, wherein the basic application comprises the following steps: first dressing: secondary dressing is 2: 1: 1 fertilizing amount.
In the wheat jointing stage, carrying out primary dressing of nitrogen fertilizer;
and in the booting stage of wheat, carrying out secondary dressing of nitrogen fertilizer.
In the development process of the present invention, the following design schemes have been adopted:
silicon and nitrogen two-factor saturated D-optimum design factor code and silicon and nitrogen application amount
| Treatment of | Encoding | N(g·kg-1) | Urea (g.kg)-1) | Encoding | Silicon fertilizer (g.kg)-1) |
| 1 | -1 | 0.053 | 0.1136 | -1 | 0 |
| 2 | 1 | 0.160 | 0.3428 | -1 | 0 |
| 3 | -1 | 0.053 | 0.1136 | 1 | 0.0178 |
| 5 | 0.3945 | 0.128 | 0.2743 | 1 | 0.0077 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.160 | 0.3428 | 0.3945 | 0.0124 |
The invention relates to an application method with optimal proportion of wheat nitrogen fertilizer and silicon fertilizer application, which comprises the following steps: the silicon fertilizer is completely applied on the basis, and the application amount is 17.32 kilograms per hectare; the three times of basal application and topdressing amount of nitrogen fertilizer application is 2: 1: 1; the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer application is 287.34kg per hectare. The invention uses 17.32kg/hm silicon fertilizer2287.34kg/hm of nitrogen fertilizer2And (5) fertilizing for optimal nitrogen and silicon.
By adopting the fertilizing method, the plant height and the stem thickness of the wheat can be effectively increased; the nutrient content and the thousand kernel weight of wheat plants are improved, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved on the premise of keeping the yield.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
example 1 planting wheat on Red yellow soil at different nitrogen and silicon application rates
The soil used for potting is red yellow soil, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content of the soil is 108.41mg/kg, and the effective silicon content of the soil is 120.85 mg/kg.
The following 5 experimental groups were set up, with 4 replicates per experimental group.
The fertilizing amount of each experimental group is shown in the following table 1, and the fertilizing method specifically comprises the following steps:
applying all silicon fertilizers as bases;
the nitrogen fertilizer comprises basic application, primary dressing and secondary dressing, wherein the basic application comprises the following steps: first dressing: secondary dressing is 2: 1: 1 fertilizing amount;
basal application, namely applying fertilizer before wheat seeding;
in the wheat jointing stage, carrying out primary dressing of nitrogen fertilizer;
and performing secondary dressing of the nitrogen fertilizer during heading-grouting.
The rest management conditions of wheat planting refer to the conventional technical regulations for wheat planting.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is, for example, granular urea produced by Anhui Jinneng chemical industry, Inc., and the execution standard is as follows: GB 2440-2001; the silicon fertilizer is, for example, a 'silicon Boyuan' micro-nano silicon fertilizer produced by scarification fertilizer industry ltd of ziqi hall of Heilongjiang province, and the execution standard is as follows: GB20287-2006, fertilizer accession number: microbial fertilizer (2016) adjacent to character No. 2962.
TABLE 1
| Experimental groups | Amount of nitrogenous fertilizer applied per kilogram of soil (g) in the pot | Silicon fertilizer application amount (g) per kilogram soil of potted plant |
| Experimental group 1(T1) | 0.052 | 0 |
| Experimental group 2(T2) | 0.160 | 0 |
| Experimental group 3(T3) | 0.052 | 0.0178 |
| Experiment group 4(T4) | 0.128 | 0.0077 |
| Experimental group 5(T5) | 0.160 | 0.0124 |
Description of the drawings: the fertilizer application amount m (g/kg) of the pot culture and the fertilizer application amount (kg/hm) of the actual field2) The conversion relation of (A) is as follows: m/(15 × 150); (1 hm)215 mu, 15 ten thousand kilograms of soil per mu).
Treatment (4) is a preferred nitrogen silicon fertilization scheme. That is, it corresponds to: the fertilizing amount of the micro-nano silicon fertilizer is 17.32kg/hm2The fertilizing amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is 287.34kg/hm2。
The results of the measurements of the parameters of the experimental group are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
The experiment shows that:
in the heading period of wheat, the plant height of the T4-treated wheat is improved by 27.23% compared with that of the T1-treated wheat and is improved by 12.93% compared with that of the T5-treated wheat; the stem thickness T4 treatment is improved by 10.54 percent compared with the T3 treatment; the total phosphorus content of the flag leaves treated by T4 is improved by 14.74 percent compared with that of the flag leaves treated by T3; the total potassium content of T4 is improved by 35.08% compared with that of T3; the improvement is 20.22 percent compared with the T5 treatment.
In the flowering period of wheat, the plant height of the T4-treated plant is improved by 14.44% compared with that of T1-treated plant and is improved by 17.52% compared with that of T5-treated plant; the stem thickness T4 treatment is improved by 13.47 percent compared with the T1 treatment and is improved by 28.10 percent compared with the T5 treatment; the total phosphorus content of the flag leaves treated by T4 is improved by 62.20% compared with that of T3 and is improved by 89.06% compared with that of T5; the total potassium content of the T4 treatment is improved by 30.27 percent compared with the T3 treatment and is improved by 23.82 percent compared with the T5 treatment.
In the mature period of the wheat, the thousand grain weight of the wheat grains is improved by 4.94% by the treatment of T4 compared with the treatment of T1 and is improved by 4.50% by the treatment of T2.
The influence of the 4-nitrogen-silicon fertilization on the plant height, the stem thickness and the leaf nutrient content of the wheat in different growth periods and the plump and thousand seed weight of the wheat in a mature period is better than that of other treatments when the yellow red soil is used for planting the wheat.
Example 2 planting wheat on Rice soil at different Nitrogen and silicon application rates
Adopting rice soil, wherein the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content of the soil is 73.18mg/kg, and the effective silicon content is 28.7 mg/kg; the rest is equivalent to embodiment 1.
The results of the measurements of the parameters of the experimental group are shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3
The experiment shows that:
in the heading period of wheat, the plant height of the T4-treated plant is increased by 8.25% compared with that of the T1-treated plant; the stem thickness T4 treatment is improved by 8.85 percent compared with the T3 treatment and is improved by 12.54 percent compared with the T5 treatment; the total phosphorus content of the flag leaves is improved by 12.61% compared with the T3 treatment and by 26.42% compared with the T5 treatment by the T4 treatment; the total potassium content of the T4 treatment is improved by 21.32 percent compared with that of the T3 treatment; the improvement is 25.05 percent compared with the T5 treatment.
In the flowering period of wheat, the plant height of the T4-treated plant is improved by 14.46% compared with that of the T1-treated plant and is improved by 17.52% compared with that of the T5-treated plant; the stem thickness T4 treatment is improved by 13.47 percent compared with the T1 treatment and is improved by 28.10 percent compared with the T5 treatment; the total phosphorus content of the flag leaves is improved by 32.07 percent in the T4 treatment compared with the T3 treatment and by 76.95 percent in the T5 treatment; the total potassium content of the T4 treatment is improved by 38.21 percent compared with the T1 treatment and is improved by 20.30 percent compared with the T5 treatment.
In the mature period of the wheat, the thousand kernel weight of the wheat grains is improved by 18.72% by the T4 treatment compared with the T1 treatment and is improved by 15.64% by the T3 treatment.
The rice soil is used for planting the wheat, and the influence of the 4-nitrogen silicon fertilization on the plant height, the stem thickness and the leaf nutrient content of the wheat in different growth periods and the plump and thousand kernel weight of wheat seeds in a mature period is superior to that of other treatments.
Comparative example 1, the amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer was kept constant with respect to experimental group 4 of example 2, and the amount of applied silicon fertilizer per kg of soil for potting was increased to 0.012g, the remainder being equivalent to experimental group 4 of example 2.
The data obtained for the heading, flowering and maturation stages of comparative example 1 are slightly inferior to those obtained for experimental group 5 (T5). The thousand kernel weight of the grains is about 49.5 g.
Comparative example 2, the amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer was kept constant with respect to experimental group 4 of example 2, and the amount of applied silicon fertilizer per kg of soil of the pot culture was reduced to 0.005g, and the remainder was identical to experimental group 4 of example 2.
The data of the heading, flowering and maturation stages of comparative example 2 are as described in comparative example 1. The thousand kernel weight of the grains is about 46.2 g.
Finally, it is also noted that the above-mentioned lists merely illustrate a few specific embodiments of the invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The fertilization method of the wheat nitrogen-silicon optimal proportion is characterized in that: nitrogenous fertilizer: and (3) silicon fertilizer is 16-17: 1 by weight.
2. The fertilization method of wheat with a preferable nitrogen and silicon ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nitrogen fertilizer: the weight ratio of the silicon fertilizer to the silicon fertilizer is 16.59-16.63: 1.
3. The wheat fertilizing method with a preferred proportion of nitrogen and silicon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the fertilizing amount of the micro-nano silicon fertilizer is 17.32 +/-0.9 kg/hm2The fertilizing amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is 287.34 +/-14 kg/hm2。
4. The fertilization method of wheat with a preferable proportion of nitrogen and silicon according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
applying all silicon fertilizers as bases;
the nitrogen fertilizer comprises basic application, primary dressing and secondary dressing, wherein the basic application comprises the following steps: first dressing: secondary dressing is 2: 1: 1 fertilizing amount.
5. The fertilization method of wheat with a preferable nitrogen and silicon ratio as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
in the wheat jointing stage, carrying out primary dressing of nitrogen fertilizer;
and in the booting stage of wheat, carrying out secondary dressing of nitrogen fertilizer.
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| CN202111052603.2A CN113892328A (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | Fertilizing method for wheat with nitrogen and silicon in optimal proportion |
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| CN202111052603.2A CN113892328A (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | Fertilizing method for wheat with nitrogen and silicon in optimal proportion |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107857673A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-30 | 罗旭 | A kind of wheat compound fertilizer |
| CN109608272A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-12 | 武汉绿舟生态肥料有限公司 | Top dressing fertilizer is exempted from a kind of application of field crop base |
-
2021
- 2021-09-09 CN CN202111052603.2A patent/CN113892328A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107857673A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-30 | 罗旭 | A kind of wheat compound fertilizer |
| CN109608272A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-12 | 武汉绿舟生态肥料有限公司 | Top dressing fertilizer is exempted from a kind of application of field crop base |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 唐爱均 等: "硅肥对番茄产量、果实品质及肥料利用率的影响", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
| 李晓冰 等: "生物有机无机生态肥料及其发展前景(上)", 《肥料与健康》 * |
| 殷文 等: "硅肥在小麦上的应用效果", 《安徽工业科学》 * |
| 王志春: "硅肥运筹对小麦生产的影响", 《大麦与谷类科学》 * |
| 通乐嘎 等: "滴灌硅肥和氮肥对春小麦品质的影响", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
| 陈庆峰 等: "微纳米硅肥的研制开发背景及应用效果", 《肥料与健康》 * |
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