CN113891814B - 一种混合动力系统的控制方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种混合动力系统的控制方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113891814B
CN113891814B CN201980094205.1A CN201980094205A CN113891814B CN 113891814 B CN113891814 B CN 113891814B CN 201980094205 A CN201980094205 A CN 201980094205A CN 113891814 B CN113891814 B CN 113891814B
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motor
engine
speed
torque
operation parameters
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CN113891814A (zh
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吕凤龙
张磊
徐亚美
王飞
张正兴
张斌
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18054—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations at stand still, e.g. engine in idling state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
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    • B60W30/18109—Braking
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
    • H02P23/06—Controlling the motor in four quadrants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/262—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

一种混合动力系统的控制方法，该方法应用于由发动机(10)和电机(20)构成的混合动力系统，电机(20)的电机定子(21)通过传动机构(32)与机动车辆的驱动轴(40)连接，以使得驱动轴(40)转动时带动电机定子(21)转动；电机(20)用于根据电机转速，确定输出扭矩并向驱动轴(40)传输；电机转速等于电机转子(22)的转速与电机定子(21)的转速的差值；该方法根据混合动力系统的运行参数和机动车辆的运行参数，控制电机控制器向电机定子提供驱动信号，以使电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式，从而避免了电机在各种工况下运行在0转速或低转速区间的可能，避免了电机在这些运行状态下效率和扭矩响应等性能较差的问题出现，提升了用户体验。还提供了一种实现混合动力系统的控制方法的控制系统。

Description

一种混合动力系统的控制方法及系统
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆工程技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种混合动力系统的控制方法及系统。
背景技术
随着车辆工程技术的不断发展，机动车辆的驱动方式从传统的纯发动机驱动向混合驱动、纯电驱动发展。其中，油电混合驱动以其较为成熟的动力系统成为主流的新能源车辆驱动方式。
在油电混动车辆中，混合动力系统是决定其运转平顺性、能源利用效率等关键参数的主要结构。
现有技术中的混合动力系统主要包括串联系统方案、并联系统方案、混联系统方案和包括行星排等结构的混联系统方案等。在这些混合动力系统中，电机在起步等工况下需要从0转速开始运行，但电机在0转速或低转速区间运行时，电机的效率和扭矩响应等性能较差，给用户带来了较差的体验。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种混合动力系统的控制方法及系统，以实现避免电机运行在0转速或低转速区间的情况出现，从而避免了电机在这些运行状态下效率和扭矩响应等性能较差的问题出现，提升了用户体验。
为实现上述技术目的，本申请实施例提供了如下技术方案：
一种混合动力系统的控制方法，应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机包括电机转子、电机定子和电机控制器，所述发动机的输出轴与所述电机转子的中心轴连接，所述电机转子的中心轴两端分别连接有一个电机轴承，通过所述电机轴承对所述电机转子提供支撑；所述电机控制器与所述电机定子连接，用于向所述电机定子提供驱动电流；所述电机定子通过传动机构与所述机动车辆的驱动轴连接，以使得所述驱动轴转动时带动所述电机定子转动；所述电机用于根据电机转速，确定输出扭矩并向所述驱动轴传输；所述电机转速等于所述电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值，所述混合动力系统的控制方法包括：
获取所述混合动力系统的运行参数，所述混合动力系统的运行参数包括：发动机转速、电机转速、发动机净输出扭矩和电机扭矩；所述电机转速等于电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值；
获取所述机动车辆的运行参数，所述机动车辆的运行参数包括：驱动轴转速、机动车辆阻力扭矩和机动车辆的加速扭矩；
根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式；
所述第一预设公式为：其中，nVeh表示所述驱动轴转速，nEng表示所述发动机转速，nTM表示所述电机转速，TVeh表示所述机动车辆阻力扭矩，Ta表示所述机动车辆的加速扭矩，TEng表示所述发动机净输出扭矩，TTM表示所述电机扭矩。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于停车状态时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
当所述发动机停机时，控制所述电机转速为0rpm；
当所述发动机转速为怠速时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩；
当所述发动机处于驻车发电状态时，控制电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩，所述电机的电机定子的扭矩由所述机动车辆的制动系统提供。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于起步或行车过程时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
当所述机动车辆的处于起步或行车过程时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值；
当所述机动车辆处于行车发电过程时，控制所述电机利用发动机冗余功率进行行车发电；
所述发动机冗余功率等于发动机总输出功率与发动机驱动功率的差值。
可选的，所述控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值包括：
在控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值的前提下，调整所述电机转速和所述发动机转速，以使所述电机运行在预设工作区间，所述预设工作区间的效率大于或等于预设值。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于制动过程时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
控制所述发动机转速与电机转速的差值等于所述驱动轴转速。
一种混合动力系统的控制系统，应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机包括电机转子、电机定子和电机控制器，所述发动机的输出轴与所述电机转子的中心轴连接，所述电机转子的中心轴两端分别连接有一个电机轴承，通过所述电机轴承对所述电机转子提供支撑；所述电机控制器与所述电机定子连接，用于向所述电机定子提供驱动电流；所述电机定子通过传动机构与所述机动车辆的驱动轴连接，以使得所述驱动轴转动时带动所述电机定子转动；所述电机用于根据电机转速，确定输出扭矩并向所述驱动轴传输；所述电机转速等于所述电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值，所述混合动力系统的控制系统包括：
第一参数获取模块，用于获取所述混合动力系统的运行参数，所述混合动力系统的运行参数包括：发动机转速、电机转速、发动机净输出扭矩和电机扭矩；所述电机转速等于电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值；
第二参数获取模块，用于获取所述机动车辆的运行参数，所述机动车辆的运行参数包括：驱动轴转速、机动车辆阻力扭矩和机动车辆的加速扭矩；
电机控制模块，用于根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式；
所述第一预设公式为：其中，nVeh表示所述驱动轴转速，nEng表示所述发动机转速，nTM表示所述电机转速，TVeh表示所述机动车辆阻力扭矩，Ta表示所述机动车辆的加速扭矩，TEng表示所述发动机净输出扭矩，TTM表示所述电机扭矩。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于停车状态时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
当所述发动机停机时，控制所述电机转速为0rpm；
当所述发动机转速为怠速时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩；
当所述发动机处于驻车发电状态时，控制电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩，所述电机的电机定子的扭矩由所述机动车辆的制动系统提供。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于起步或行车过程时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
当所述机动车辆的处于起步或行车过程时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值；
当所述机动车辆处于行车发电过程时，控制所述电机利用发动机冗余功率进行行车发电；
所述发动机冗余功率等于发动机总输出功率与发动机驱动功率的差值。
可选的，所述电机控制模块控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值具体用于，
在控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值的前提下，调整所述电机转速和所述发动机转速，以使所述电机运行在预设工作区间，所述预设工作区间的效率大于或等于预设值。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于制动过程时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
控制所述发动机转速与电机转速的差值等于所述驱动轴转速。
从上述技术方案可以看出，本申请实施例提供了一种混合动力系统的控制方法及系统，其中，所述混合动力系统的控制方法应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机的电机定子通过传动机构与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，以满足混合动力系统在各种工况下的运行需求，大大降低了混合动力系统的零部件数量，降低了混合动力系统的结构复杂程度。此外，所述混合动力系统的控制方法根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式，从而避免了电机在各种工况下运行在0转速或低转速区间的可能，避免了电机在这些运行状态下效率和扭矩响应等性能较差的问题出现，提升了用户体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为电机转速和扭矩方向的限定示意图；
图2-图5为现有技术中的混合动力系统的结构示意图；
图6为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种混合动力系统的控制方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请的一个实施例提供的一种混合动力系统的结构示意图；
图8为图7中沿AA线的剖面结构示意图；
图9为本申请的一个实施例提供的电机效率示意图。
具体实施方式
正如背景技术所述，在现有技术中的混合动力系统中，电机在起步等工况下需要从0转速开始运行，但电机在0转速或低转速区间运行时，电机的效率和扭矩响应等性能较差，给用户带来了较差的体验。
下面对现有技术中的混合动力系统进行简单介绍，为了便于说明这些混合动力系统在各个工况下的发动机和电机的转速和扭矩的方向，在本申请中，对混合动力系统的电机的转速和扭矩的方向进行了限定，参考图1，图1中，横轴表示电机转速，单位转每分钟(rpm)；纵轴表示电机输出的扭矩，单位牛米(N·m)。在图1中的坐标系中，第一象限中的值表示电机转速为正值、电机扭矩为正值；第二象限中的值表示电机转速为负值；电机扭矩为正值；第三象限中的值表示电机转速和扭矩均为负值；第四象限中的值表示电机转速为正值，电机扭矩为负值。还需要说明的是，电机转速以车辆前进方向为正值；电机扭矩为正值表示扭矩方向与车辆前进方向相同；电机扭矩为负值表示扭矩方向与车辆前进方向相反。
参考图2，图2为现有技术中混合动力系统的串联系统方案，该方案主要由发动机1、发电机2、驱动电机3等构成。发电机2与发动机1输出轴直接相连，发动机1不负责机动车辆的直接驱动，仅负责提供发电机1所需功率，发电机1负责启动发动机1和发电两项功能；驱动电机3负责驱动机动车辆行驶(驱动能源来自于车载动力电池或发电机发电)以及机动车辆的动能回收过程。
在发动机1启动过程中，发电机2拖动发动机1启动；
车辆停车时，发电机2与发动机1同转速，驱动电机3转速为0rpm；
车辆起步、行进过程，驱动电机3转速由0rpm开始提升，电机转速与车速成正比关系；
车辆制动过程，常见的是发动机1停机，由此发电机转速为0rpm，驱动电机转速逐渐降低为0rpm；
车辆倒车时，驱动电机反转。
在该方案中，混合动力系统由使用发动机1+发电机2+驱动电机3构成，总成较长且成本较高，发电机2在运行过程中的转速和扭矩涉及第一象限(仅在启动发动机1过程中)和第四象限；驱动电机3在运行过程中的转速和扭矩涉及第一象限、第三象限和第四象限。
参考图3，图3为现有技术中混合动力系统的并联系统方案，该方案主要由发动机1、离合器6、电机4、变速箱5等组成。发动机1与电机4之间通过离合器6实现结合/分离，电机4通过变速箱5与整车驱动轴连接。发动机1负责车辆直接驱动、联合驱动以及驻车发电等功能；离合器6负责控制发动机1与电机4的结合与分离；电机4负责车辆直接驱动、联合驱动、制动能量回收以及驻车发电等功能；变速箱5负责更换挡位，满足电机4转速、发动机1转速与整车车速的匹配。
发动机1启动过程，变速箱空挡，离合器接合，电机拖动发动机1启动；
车辆停车时，离合器分离，电机转速为0，变速箱在低挡或空挡；
车辆起步、行进过程，变速箱在低挡，电机转速由0开始提升(离合器分离)，根据策略更换变速箱挡位及发动机1介入驱动(离合器接合)；
车辆制动过程，离合器分离，电机负扭矩，电机转速逐渐降低至0；
车辆倒车时，离合器分离，变速箱在低挡位，电机反转(或变速箱在倒挡，电机正转)。
在该方案中，混合动力系统由发动机1+离合器+电机+变速箱构成，总成件数较多且总成较长，运行过程设计到变速箱换挡，容易造成换挡顿挫，造成舒适性降低，控制逻辑复杂，总体成本较高。电动机在运行过程中的转速和扭矩涉及第一象限、第三象限(当变速箱带倒挡时不涉及该象限)和第四象限。
参考图4，图4为现有技术中的一种混联系统方案，该方案主要由发动机1、发电机7、离合器6、驱动电机8等组成。发电机7与发动机1直接连接，发动机1可负责车辆直接驱动、联合驱动以及驻车发电等功能；发电机7可负责启动发动机1、发电、驱动等功能。离合器6负责结合/分离发电机与驱动电机，驱动电机8负责驱动车辆行驶(电源来源于车载动力电池或发电机发电)以及车辆制动能量回收。
发动机1启动过程，发电机拖动发动机1启动；
车辆停车时，离合器分离，发电机与发动机1同转速，驱动电机转速为0；
车辆起步、行进过程，离合器分离，驱动电机转速由0开始提升，电机转速与车速成正比关系，根据策略，发动机1、发电机可介入驱动(离合器结合)；
车辆制动过程，离合器分离，常见的是发动机1停机，由此发电机转速为0，驱动电机转速逐渐降低为0；
车辆倒车时，离合器分离，驱动电机反转。
另外还有行星排等结构，组成的混联系统。
图4中的混合动力系统包括发动机1+离合器和两套电机，总成件多导致总成较长，且控制复杂，总体成本较高，第一电机在运行过程中的转速和扭矩涉及第一象限(仅在启动发动机1过程中使用)和第四象限；第二电机在运行过程中的转速和扭矩涉及第一象限、第三象限和第四象限。
此外，参考图5，图5示出了现有技术中由行星齿轮座等结构组成的混联系统，包括汽油发动机、1号电机、2号电机、太阳轮、减速尺寸、行星齿轮、行星齿轮座和齿圈等结构构成。图5所示的混联系统的控制过程与图4所示的系统类似。
从图2-图5中可以发现，现有技术中的混合动力系统的结构均较为复杂，且实际应用过程中电机在某些工况下会运行在0转速或低转速区域，而在这些区域中，电机的效率和扭矩响应等性能也不佳。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种混合动力系统的控制方法，应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机的电机控制器与电机定子连接，所述电机定子还与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，所述混合动力系统的控制方法包括：
获取所述混合动力系统的运行参数，所述混合动力系统的运行参数包括：发动机转速、电机转速、发动机净输出扭矩和电机扭矩；所述电机转速等于电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值；
获取所述机动车辆的运行参数，所述机动车辆的运行参数包括：驱动轴转速、机动车辆阻力扭矩和机动车辆的加速扭矩；
根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式；
所述第一预设公式为：其中，nVeh表示所述驱动轴转速，nEng表示所述发动机转速，nTM表示所述电机转速，TVeh表示所述机动车辆阻力扭矩，Ta表示所述机动车辆的加速扭矩，TEng表示所述发动机净输出扭矩，TTM表示所述电机扭矩。
所述混合动力系统的控制方法应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机的电机定子通过传动机构与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，以满足混合动力系统在各种工况下的运行需求，大大降低了混合动力系统的零部件数量，降低了混合动力系统的结构复杂程度。此外，所述混合动力系统的控制方法根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式，从而避免了电机在各种工况下运行在0转速或低转速区间的可能，避免了电机在这些运行状态下效率和扭矩响应等性能较差的问题出现，提升了用户体验。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种混合动力系统的控制方法，如图6所示，应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机的电机控制器与电机定子连接，所述电机定子还与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，所述混合动力系统的控制方法包括：
S101：获取所述混合动力系统的运行参数，所述混合动力系统的运行参数包括：发动机转速、电机转速、发动机净输出扭矩和电机扭矩；所述电机转速等于电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值；
S102：获取所述机动车辆的运行参数，所述机动车辆的运行参数包括：驱动轴转速、机动车辆阻力扭矩和机动车辆的加速扭矩；
S103：根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式；
所述第一预设公式为：其中，nVeh表示所述驱动轴转速，nEng表示所述发动机转速，nTM表示所述电机转速，TVeh表示所述机动车辆阻力扭矩，Ta表示所述机动车辆的加速扭矩，TEng表示所述发动机净输出扭矩，TTM表示所述电机扭矩。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于停车状态时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
当所述发动机停机时，控制所述电机转速为0rpm；
当所述发动机转速为怠速时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩；
当所述发动机处于驻车发电状态时，控制电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩，所述电机的电机定子的扭矩由所述机动车辆的制动系统提供。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于起步或行车过程时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
当所述机动车辆的处于起步或行车过程时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值；
当所述机动车辆处于行车发电过程时，控制所述电机利用发动机冗余功率进行行车发电；
所述发动机冗余功率等于发动机总输出功率与发动机驱动功率的差值。
可选的，所述控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值包括：
在控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值的前提下，调整所述电机转速和所述发动机转速，以使所述电机运行在预设工作区间，所述预设工作区间的效率大于或等于预设值。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于制动过程时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
控制所述发动机转速与电机转速的差值等于所述驱动轴转速。
下面首先对由电机和发动机构成的混合动力系统进行介绍，如图7和图8所示，图8为图7沿AA线的剖面结构示意图，所述混合动力系统包括：发动机10和电机20；所述电机20包括电机转子22、电机定子21和电机控制器；其中，
所述发动机10的输出轴与所述电机转子22的中心轴23连接，所述电机转子22的中心轴23两端分别与一电机轴承31连接；
所述电机控制器与所述电机定子21连接；
所述电机定子21通过传动机构32与所述机动车辆的驱动轴40连接；
所述电机20用于根据电机20转速，确定输出扭矩并向所述驱动轴40传输；所述电机20转速等于所述电机转子22的转速与所述电机定子21的转速的差值。
在实际的应用过程中，所述电机控制器为电机定子21提供驱动信号，以使所述电机20定子可以根据所述驱动信号，确定并生成驱动磁场；
在所述驱动磁场的覆盖下，电机转子22会受到驱动磁场给予的驱动力，同时，电机转子22还会接收到与其连接的发动机10输出轴传输的扭矩，在驱动磁场和/或发动机10输出轴传输的扭矩的控制下旋转。由于机动车辆的运行工况较为复杂，在某些工况下，所述电机转子22仅在驱动磁场的控制下旋转；在某些工况下，所述电机转子22仅在发动机10控制下旋转；在某些工况下，所述电机定子21及电机转子22在驱动磁场和发动机10的共同控制下旋转。
所述电机转子22的中心轴23两端分别与一电机轴承31连接，这两个电机轴承31用于保证电机定子21和电机转子22的支撑及相对转动。
可选的，仍然参考图6，所述传动机构32为法兰盘。
所述法兰盘包括：连接外延、连接孔和凹槽结构；所述法兰盘的外边沿与所述电机定子之间通过可拆卸方式连接，所述法兰盘的连接孔与所述驱动轴之间通过可拆卸方式连接。
例如，可以通过齿轮的方式实现法兰盘的外边沿与所述电机定子之间的可拆卸方式，以及法兰盘的连接孔与所述驱动轴之间的可拆卸方式连接，具体的：
所述法兰盘上设置有内齿轮和外齿轮；
所述内齿轮设置在所述法兰盘的连接孔内，与所述驱动轴上的齿轮结构相互配合；
所述外齿轮设置在所述法兰盘的边沿位置，与所述电机定子上的齿轮结构相互配合。
所述电机定子与所述法兰盘的外边沿之间卡接或焊接，和/或法兰盘的连接孔与所述驱动轴之间卡接或焊接。
进一步的，所述法兰上还设置有凹槽结构；
所述凹槽结构位于所述法兰盘朝向所述电机转子22一侧，用于设置一个所述电机轴承31；
所述法兰盘的连接孔设置在所述凹槽结构的槽底上，用于与所述驱动轴连接。
进一步的，为了防止电机转子在转动过程中抖动，所述电机转子的中心轴的两端分别与所述电机轴承的内圈过盈配合。
进一步的，为了方便用户拆卸或安装所述法兰盘，所述法兰盘被向所述凹槽结构的区域为突起结构，所述突起结构的径向截面为非圆形截面，例如可以为矩形结构或其他能够与扳手适配的结构。
在本申请实施例中，由于所述电机的电机定子21通过传动机构32与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，而并非与机动车辆的底盘等固定结构连接，因此，所述电机定子21也可以相对于机动车辆的底盘进行旋转。具体地，由于所述电机定子21与驱动轴40连接，因此在某些工况下会接收到驱动轴40传输的扭矩信号；此外，所述电机定子21还会接收到驱动信号并产生驱动磁场，所述驱动磁场除了会驱动电机转子22转动外，电机转子22的转动还会对产生驱动磁场的电机定子21产生一个驱动力；因此，所述电机定子21用于在所述驱动轴40传输的扭矩信号和/或所述电机转子22的旋转状态的控制下旋转。即在某些工况下，所述电机定子21仅在驱动轴40传输的扭矩信号的控制下旋转；在某些工况下，所述电机定子21仅在电机转子22的旋转状态的控制下旋转；在某些工况下，所述电机定子21在所述驱动轴40传输的扭矩信号和所述电机转子22的旋转状态的共同控制下旋转。
一般情况下，所述电机定子21接收的驱动信号包括驱动电流信号和驱动电压信号。
在上述实施例的基础上，在本申请的一个实施例中，仍然参考图6，所述混合动力系统还包括：
将所述电机定子21和电机转子22封装在一起的电机外壳24，所述电机外壳24与所述机动车辆的底盘固定连接。
所述电机外壳24用于为电机定子21和电机转子22提供一个保护装置，同时提高电机20的集成度。
在上述实施例的基础上，在本申请的另一个实施例中，当所述机动车辆为两驱机动车辆时，所述驱动轴40为所述机动车辆的后桥或前桥。
当所述驱动轴40为所述机动车辆的后桥时，所述机动车辆为后驱车辆；
当所述驱动轴40为所述机动车辆的前桥时，所述机动车辆为前驱车辆。
在上述实施例的基础上，在本申请的又一个实施例中，当所述机动车辆为四驱机动车辆时，所述驱动轴40为所述机动车辆的差速锁输入端。
在四驱机动车辆中，前桥和后驱通过差速锁连接，混合动力系统与差速锁输入端连接，以为机动车辆的传动系统提供驱动力。
所述混合动力系统由发动机10和电机20构成，所述电机的电机定子21通过传动机构32与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，使得所述电机定子21也可以相对于机动车辆的底盘等结构相对转动，从而使得由发动机10和电机20构成的混合动力系统即可满足机动车辆的启动、怠速、前进和倒退等各种工况的应用，大大减少了混合动力系统的零部件数量，从而简化了混合动力系统的整体结构，并且减少了混合动力系统的故障点。
下面对本申请实施例提供的混合动力系统的控制逻辑进行简单说明。
在机动车辆的所有运行工况下，所述混合动力系统均满足：
驱动轴40转速：nVeh＝nEng-nTM；
驱动轴40扭矩：TVeh+Ta＝TEng＝TTM；
其中：
nVeh——机动车辆的驱动轴40转速(与机动车辆的车速成正比)；
nEng——机动车辆的发动机10转速；
nTM——电机20转速(电机转子22相对于电机定子21的转速)
TVeh——机动车辆的阻力扭矩，由机动车辆的风阻与摩擦阻力转换获得；
Ta——机动车辆的加速扭矩，即动力系统克服阻力扭矩后的剩余扭矩；
TEng——发动机10净输出扭矩；
TTM——电机20输出扭矩；
具体地，在机动车辆停车状态下：
a)发动机10停机，电机20转速为0；
b)发动机10怠速，转速为nEng0，电机20转速nTM0＝nEng0，电机20扭矩等于发动机10净输出扭矩，即TEng0＝TTM0＝0N·m；
c)发动机10驻车发电，转速为nEng1，电机20转速nTM1＝nEng1，电机20扭矩等于发动机10净输出扭矩，即TEng1＝TTM1，由于驻车，车速nVeh1＝0，此时由于相互作用力，电机定子21的固定扭矩由驱动轴40提供，即TVeh1＝TTM1≠0，驱动轴40通过车轮制动系统提供电机定子21所需扭矩。
机动车辆起步及行车过程：
a)机动车辆车速从0开始起步，电机20转速，即电机20转速从发动机10转速开始启动，起步及行车过程可通过调节发动机10和电机20转速，使得系统中发动机10、电机20均处于较好的工作区间；如图8所示，可将起步过程电机20的工作点从A移至B，车辆起步时，电机20效率可从低于80％直接提升至96％以上，提升系统效率的同时，由于大幅降低电机20扭矩，电机20发热也大幅降低，对电机20冷却作用明显。(电机20发热量与电机20扭矩成正相关关系)；在图8中，横轴表示电机20的转速，单位为rpm；纵轴表示电机20的扭矩，单位为N·m。
b)行车发电功能，电机20利用发动机10富余功率(即除去用于机动车辆行进的功率外的发动机10功率)进行行车发电。
机动车辆制动过程：
机动车辆车速从nVeh1≠0开始按照转速关系nVeh＝nEng-nTM进行减少，直到nVeh＝0，即电机20转速等于发动机10转速。由于电机20转速与车速不再成固定比例关系，在制动过程中可通过调节电机20转速提供更大制动功率，即电机20工作点由图7中的A移动至C，制动功率可提升几倍。也可从A移动至B，在提供相同制动功率的前提下，显著提高电机20效率并降低电机20发热。制动过程中功率与转速扭矩的关系参照公式(1)；
P＝nTM×TTM/9550 (1)
其中，P表示电机20功率。
下面对本申请实施例提供的混合动力系统的控制系统进行描述，下文描述的混合动力系统的控制系统可与上文描述的混合动力系统的控制方法相互对应参照。
相应的，本申请实施例提供了一种混合动力系统的控制系统，应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机的电机控制器与电机定子连接，所述电机定子还与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，所述混合动力系统的控制系统包括：
第一参数获取模块，用于获取所述混合动力系统的运行参数，所述混合动力系统的运行参数包括：发动机转速、电机转速、发动机净输出扭矩和电机扭矩；所述电机转速等于电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值；
第二参数获取模块，用于获取所述机动车辆的运行参数，所述机动车辆的运行参数包括：驱动轴转速、机动车辆阻力扭矩和机动车辆的加速扭矩；
电机控制模块，用于根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式；
所述第一预设公式为：其中，nVeh表示所述驱动轴转速，nEng表示所述发动机转速，nTM表示所述电机转速，TVeh表示所述机动车辆阻力扭矩，Ta表示所述机动车辆的加速扭矩，TEng表示所述发动机净输出扭矩，TTM表示所述电机扭矩。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于停车状态时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
当所述发动机停机时，控制所述电机转速为0rpm；
当所述发动机转速为怠速时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩；
当所述发动机处于驻车发电状态时，控制电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩，所述电机的电机定子的扭矩由所述机动车辆的制动系统提供。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于起步或行车过程时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
当所述机动车辆的处于起步或行车过程时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值；
当所述机动车辆处于行车发电过程时，控制所述电机利用发动机冗余功率进行行车发电；
所述发动机冗余功率等于发动机总输出功率与发动机驱动功率的差值，由于发动机扭矩、电机扭矩、传动轴扭矩相等，发动机转速等于电机转速与传动轴转速之和，即行车发电功率为发动机输出功率与传动轴输出功率之差，即
可选的，所述电机控制模块控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值具体用于，
在控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值的前提下，调整所述电机转速和所述发动机转速，以使所述电机运行在预设工作区间，所述预设工作区间的效率大于或等于预设值。
可选的，当所述机动车辆处于制动过程时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
控制所述发动机转速与电机转速的差值等于所述驱动轴转速。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供了一种混合动力系统的控制方法及系统，其中，所述混合动力系统的控制方法应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机的电机定子通过传动机构与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，以满足混合动力系统在各种工况下的运行需求，大大降低了混合动力系统的零部件数量，降低了混合动力系统的结构复杂程度。此外，所述混合动力系统的控制方法根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式，从而避免了电机在各种工况下运行在0转速或低转速区间的可能，避免了电机在这些运行状态下效率和扭矩响应等性能较差的问题出现，提升了用户体验。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种混合动力系统的控制方法，其特征在于，应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机包括电机转子、电机定子和电机控制器，所述发动机的输出轴与所述电机转子的中心轴连接，所述电机转子的中心轴两端分别连接有一个电机轴承，通过所述电机轴承对所述电机转子提供支撑；所述电机控制器与所述电机定子连接，用于向所述电机定子提供驱动电流；所述电机定子通过传动机构与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，以使得所述驱动轴转动时带动所述电机定子转动；所述电机用于根据电机转速，确定输出扭矩并向所述驱动轴传输；所述电机转速等于所述电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值，所述混合动力系统的控制方法包括：
获取所述混合动力系统的运行参数，所述混合动力系统的运行参数包括：发动机转速、电机转速、发动机净输出扭矩和电机扭矩；所述电机转速等于电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值；
获取所述机动车辆的运行参数，所述机动车辆的运行参数包括：驱动轴转速、机动车辆阻力扭矩和机动车辆的加速扭矩；
根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式；
所述第一预设公式为：其中，nVeh表示所述驱动轴转速，nEng表示所述发动机转速，nTM表示所述电机转速，TVeh表示所述机动车辆阻力扭矩，Ta表示所述机动车辆的加速扭矩，TEng表示所述发动机净输出扭矩，TTM表示所述电机扭矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述机动车辆处于停车状态时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
当所述发动机停机时，控制所述电机转速为0rpm；
当所述发动机转速为怠速时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩；
当所述发动机处于驻车发电状态时，控制电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩，所述电机的电机定子的扭矩由所述机动车辆的制动系统提供。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述机动车辆处于起步或行车过程时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
当所述机动车辆的处于起步或行车过程时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值；
当所述机动车辆处于行车发电过程时，控制所述电机利用发动机冗余功率进行行车发电；
所述发动机冗余功率等于发动机总输出功率与发动机驱动功率的差值。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值包括：
在控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值的前提下，调整所述电机转速和所述发动机转速，以使所述电机运行在预设工作区间，所述预设工作区间的效率大于或等于预设值。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述机动车辆处于制动过程时；
所述根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式包括：
控制所述发动机转速与电机转速的差值等于所述驱动轴转速。
6.一种混合动力系统的控制系统，其特征在于，应用于由发动机和电机构成的混合动力系统，所述电机包括电机转子、电机定子和电机控制器，所述发动机的输出轴与所述电机转子的中心轴连接，所述电机转子的中心轴两端分别连接有一个电机轴承，通过所述电机轴承对所述电机转子提供支撑；所述电机控制器与所述电机定子连接，用于向所述电机定子提供驱动电流；所述电机定子通过传动机构与机动车辆的驱动轴连接，以使得所述驱动轴转动时带动所述电机定子转动；所述电机用于根据电机转速，确定输出扭矩并向所述驱动轴传输；所述电机转速等于所述电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值，所述混合动力系统的控制系统包括：
第一参数获取模块，用于获取所述混合动力系统的运行参数，所述混合动力系统的运行参数包括：发动机转速、电机转速、发动机净输出扭矩和电机扭矩；所述电机转速等于电机转子的转速与所述电机定子的转速的差值；
第二参数获取模块，用于获取所述机动车辆的运行参数，所述机动车辆的运行参数包括：驱动轴转速、机动车辆阻力扭矩和机动车辆的加速扭矩；
电机控制模块，用于根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式；
所述第一预设公式为：其中，nVeh表示所述驱动轴转速，nEng表示所述发动机转速，nTM表示所述电机转速，TVeh表示所述机动车辆阻力扭矩，Ta表示所述机动车辆的加速扭矩，TEng表示所述发动机净输出扭矩，TTM表示所述电机扭矩。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，当所述机动车辆处于停车状态时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
当所述发动机停机时，控制所述电机转速为0rpm；
当所述发动机转速为怠速时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩；
当所述发动机处于驻车发电状态时，控制电机转速等于发动机转速，控制电机扭矩等于发动机净输出扭矩，所述电机的电机定子的扭矩由所述机动车辆的制动系统提供。
8.根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，当所述机动车辆处于起步或行车过程时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
当所述机动车辆的处于起步或行车过程时，控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值；
当所述机动车辆处于行车发电过程时，控制所述电机利用发动机冗余功率进行行车发电；
所述发动机冗余功率等于发动机总输出功率与发动机驱动功率的差值。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述电机控制模块控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值具体用于，
在控制所述电机转速等于发动机转速与驱动轴转速的差值的前提下，调整所述电机转速和所述发动机转速，以使所述电机运行在预设工作区间，所述预设工作区间的效率大于或等于预设值。
10.根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，当所述机动车辆处于制动过程时；
所述电机控制模块根据所述混合动力系统的运行参数和所述机动车辆的运行参数，控制所述电机控制器向所述电机定子提供驱动信号，以使所述电机的运行参数满足第一预设公式具体用于，
控制所述发动机转速与电机转速的差值等于所述驱动轴转速。
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